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Pulse-burst laser-based 10kHz Thomson scattering measurements

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Plasma Science and Technology 2019年第10期21卷 83-90页

作者： Zichen HE Cary SMITH Zhili ZHANG Theodore M BIEWER Naibo JIANG Paul S HSU Sukesh ROY Mechanical Aerospace and Biomedical EngineeringUniversity of TennesseeKnoxville TN 37996 United States of America Fusion Energy Division Oak Ridge National LaboratoryOak Ridge TN 37931United States of America Spectral Energies LLC Dayton OH 45431United States of America

Thomson scattering (TS), as a popular and reliable diagnostic technique, has successfully measured electron temperatures and electron number densities of plasmas for many years. However, conventional TS techniques using Nd:YAG lasers operate only at tens of hertz. Here, we present the development of a high-repetition-rate TS instrument based on a high-speed, pulse-burst laser system to greatly increase the temporal resolution of measurements. Successful instrument prototype testing was carried out by collecting TS light from laboratory helium and argon plasmas at 10 kHz. Calibration of the instrument detection sensitivity using nitrogen/ oxygen rotational Raman scattering signal is also presented. Quantitative electron number densities and electron temperatures of the plasma were acquired at 10 kHz, for stable plasma discharges as, respectively,~0.9 eV and ~5.37×10^21 m^-3 for the argon plasma, and ~1 eV and ~6.5×10^21 m^-3 for the helium plasma.

关键词： Thomson scattering high-speed pulse-burst laser

Prefrontal cortical dopamine from an evolutionary perspective

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Neuroscience Bulletin 2015年第2期31卷 164-174页

作者： Young-A Lee Yukiori Goto Department of Food Science and Nutrition Catholic University of Daegu Kyoto university Primate Research Institute

In this article, we propose the hypothesis that the prefrontal cortex （PFC） acquired neotenic development as a consequence of mesocortical dopamine （DA） innervation, which in turn drove evolution of the PFC into becoming a complex functional system. Accordingly, from the evolutionary perspective, decreased DA signaling in the PFC associated with such adverse conditions as chronic stress may be considered as an environmental adaptation strategy. Psychiatric disorders such as schizophrenia and attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder may also be understood as environmental adaptation or a by-product of such a process that has emerged through evolution in humans. To investigate the evolutionary perspective of DA signaling in the PFC, domestic animals such as dogs may be a useful model.

关键词： neurodevelopment neoteny psychiatric disorder stress animal model synaptic plasticity environmental adaptation

The 5C Model of Linguistic Creativity:Construction Grammar as a Cognitive Theory of Verbal Creativity

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Journal of Foreign Languages and Cultures 2024年第1期8卷 139-154页

作者： Thomas HOFFMANN catholic university Eichstatt-Ingolstadt

Creativity is a design feature of human *** paper presents a cognitive model of verbal creativity that draws on insights from the psychological research into creativity-particularly Glaveanu's 5A model that distinguishes five crucial perspectives on a creative act(actors,audience,artefacts,actions and affordances).The paper will outline a linguistic version of this model that adopts Construction Grammar as its theoretical *** resulting"5C model of constructional creativity"argues that the central elements of linguistic creativity are constructors,co-constructors,constructs,constructional blending and the constructional network.

关键词： creativity construction grammar cognitive linguistics blending 5C model of constructional creativity cognition constructional networks

Role of genetics in prediction of disease course and response to therapy

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2010年第21期16卷 2609-2615页

作者： Severine Vermeire Gert Van Assche Paul Rutgeerts Department of Gastroenterology University Hospital Gasthuisberg and Catholic University LeuvenB-3000 LeuvenBelgium

The clinical course of Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis is highly variable between patients,and this has therapeutic implications.A number of clinical features have been identified,which predict a mild or more severe ***,several of these are subjective and/or not persistent over *** the progress in genetics research in inflammatory bowel disease(IBD),genetic markers are increasingly being proposed to improve stratification of *** have the major advantage of being stable over time and not prone to subjective ***,none of the genetic variants associated with particular outcomes have shown sufficient sensitivity or specificity to have been implemented in daily *** the same line of thinking,pharmacogenetics or the study of association between variability in drug response and genetic variation has also received more attention as part of the endeavor for personalized *** ultimate goal in this area of medicine is to adapt medication to a patient's specific genetic background and therefore improve on efficacy and safety *** pharmacogenetic studies have been performed for all classes of drugs applied in IBD,few have generated consistent findings or have been *** only genetic test approved for clinical practice is thiopurine S-methyltransferase testing prior to starting treatment with thiopurine *** other reported associations have suffered from lack of confirmation or still need replication ***,the importance and necessity of pharmacogenetic studies will increase further as more therapeutic classes are being developed.

关键词： Genetics Inflammatory bowel diseases Pharmacogenetics

USEVis:Visual analytics of attention-based neural embedding in information retrieval

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Visual Informatics 2021年第2期5卷 1-12页

作者： Xiaonan Ji Yamei Tu Wenbin He Junpeng Wang Han-Wei Shen Po-Yin Yen Institute for Informatics Washington University School of Medicine in St.LouisUnited States of America Computer Science and Engineering The Ohio State UniversityUnited States of America

Neural attention-based encoders,which effectively attend sentence tokens to their associated context without being restricted by long-term distance or dependency,have demonstrated outstanding performance in embedding sentences into meaningful representations(embeddings).The Universal Sentence Encoder(USE)is one of the most well-recognized deep neural network(DNN)based solutions,which is facilitated with an attention-driven transformer architecture and has been pre-trained on a large number of sentences from the *** the fact that USE has been widely used in many downstream applications,including information retrieval(IR),interpreting its complicated internal working mechanism remains *** this work,we present a visual analytics solution towards addressing this ***,focused on semantics and syntactics(concepts and relations)that are critical to domain clinical IR,we designed and developed a visual analytics system,i.e.,*** system investigates the power of USE in effectively extracting sentences’semantics and syntactics through exploring and interpreting how linguistic properties are captured by ***,by thoroughly examining and comparing the inherent patterns of these attentions,we are able to exploit attentions to retrieve sentences/documents that have similar semantics or are closely related to a given clinical problem in *** collaborating with domain experts,we demonstrate use cases with inspiring findings to validate the contribution of our work and the effectiveness of our system.

关键词： Interactive visual system Neural embedding Attention mechanism Document understanding Information retrieval Clinical decision-making

Human Ways of Life and Environmental Sustainability:Congo Basin Case Study

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Journal of Civil Engineering and Architecture 2021年第11期15卷 547-559页

作者： Tongele N.Tongele Department of Mechanical Engineering The Catholic University of AmericaWashingtonDC 20064USA

The impact of human ways of life on environment is *** include roads and railroads constructions,industrial farming and mining,urban and industrial centers expansions,modification of rivers and lakes to build dams,*** these affect natural habitats,environment and the *** ways of life have impacted the physical environment in many ways,such as burning fossil fuels and deforestation that result in soil,water and air *** Congo Basin rainforest depletion due to human ways of life has triggered soil and water degradation,caused greenhouse effect by releasing tons of carbon in the atmosphere,and is believed to accelerate climate *** paper suggests that people’s mindset can be transformed to transform human ways of life into best sustainability means that both improve living conditions and protect living *** case study is to illustrate that mindset transformation would enable the populations of the Congo Basin to go from complicity for deforestation to stewardship that uses local resources to improve living conditions while protecting living environment,and thus contributing to planet sustainability.

关键词： Congo basin rainforest deforestation agriculture farming mining greenhouse climate change

Circulating levels of vitamin D and colorectal adenoma: A case-control study and a meta-analysis

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2015年第29期21卷 8868-8877页

作者： Yoon Ji Choi Young Ha Kim Chang Ho Cho Sung Hi Kim Jung Eun Lee Department of Food and Nutrition Sookmyung Women’s University Department of Pathology Daegu Catholic University Medical Center Department of Family Medicine Daegu Catholic University Medical Center

AIM: To examine the association between circulating 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] levels and colorectal adenoma in a case-control study and a meta-analysis. METHODS: We conducted a matched case-control study(112 cases and 112 matched controls) and combined 15 studies, including our study, in a metaanalysis. The study-specific odds ratios(ORs) and 95% confidence intervals(CIs) were pooled using a randomeffects model. In total, 5454 colorectal adenomas and 6656 controls were included in the meta-analysis. RESULTS: In a meta-analysis including 14 previous studies and our study, we observed a significant inverse association between circulating 25(OH)D levels and colorectal adenoma(OR = 0.68; 95%CI: 0.54-0.82) when comparing the highest category with the lowest category. Stratification by adenoma location(proximal or distal adenoma) showed similar estimates. When we stratified by study region, the ORs(95%CIs) were 0.70(0.52-0.88) in the US and 0.66(0.34-0.97) in Asia. CONCLUSION: These data suggest an inverse association between circulating 25(OH) Dlevels and colorectal adenoma in both Western and Asian populations.

关键词： 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels Colorectaladenoma Cancer prevention

The Hour of the Star: Life and Writing of Clarice Lispector

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Journal of Foreign Languages and Cultures 2023年第1期7卷 89-102页

作者： Mary Luz Estupinan Serrano Pontifical catholic university of Valparaiso

Clarice Lispector is one of the most important Brazilian writers of the 20th *** her writings,she explores the limits of the Portuguese language and creates her own literary *** article will map some of her aesthetic searches that are,at the same time,*** article is organized through two moments:a biographical one,in which relevant aspects of her life that will have an echo in her work are indicated;and another focused on her fiction writing,in which the aesthetic commitment of her books is *** Hour of the Star is the title of her latest novel,a title read by Helene Cixous as an anticipatory metaphor for her own *** return to it as a trope,no longer to refer to its finiteness but to celebrate its opportune rereading outside Latin america.

关键词： Clarice Lispector Brazil life writing literature

Celiac disease and skin: Psoriasis association

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2007年第14期13卷 2138-2139页

作者： L Abenavoli L Leggio G Gasbarrini G Addolorato Institute of Internal Medicine catholic university of Rome Italy

We read with great interest the recent review by Rodrigo on the celiac disease （CD）. The author analyzed all aspects of CD. Contrary to common belief, this disorder is a systemic disease, rather than a pure digestive alteration. In fact, CD is associated with several diseases： skin manifestations, endocrine disorders, iron-deficiency anemia, osteoporosis, hypertransaminasemia, neurologic disorders and cancer. In the description of skin manifestations, the author reported the association between CD and dermatitis herpetiformis （DH）. This condition affects about 15%-25% of patients with CD. Antibodies for CD have been detected in patients with DH. As CD and DH may be vastly different, they both share a unique intestinal sensitivity to gluten. The rash of DH is thought to be an external marker of the underlying intestinal sensitivity that is likely to be the result of molecular mimicry between the auto-antigen tissue transglutaminase resident in the gut and the skin derived epidermal transglutaminase[3]. However, our study group has reported all CD-associated skin manifestations described in the literature, and in particular psoriasis.

关键词： Gastroenterology