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Erosion and covered zones altered by surface coverage effects on soil nitrogen and carbon loss from an agricultural slope under laboratorysimulated rainfall events

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International Soil and Water Conservation research 2022年第3期10卷 382-392页

作者： Linhua Wang Haw Yen Chi-hua Huang Yafeng Wang Key Laboratory of Vegetation Restoration and management of Degraded Ecosystems South China Botanical GardenChinese Academy of SciencesGuangzhou510650China USDA-ARS National Soil Erosion research Laboratory West LafayetteIN47907-2077USA Blackland research and extension center Texas A&M Agrilife ResearchTexas A&M UniversityTexas76502USA Institute of Tibetan Plateau research Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100101China

Soil erosion,one of the most serious environmental concerns,might remove topsoil and essential element from terrestrial ***,few attentions have been given to investigating how soil erosion regimes affect soil carbon and nitrogen ***,this study investigated the effects of surface coverage rates(83%,67%,50%,33%,17%and 0%)and two positions(up-and downslope)on erosion regimes and its associated soil nitrogen and carbon loss under a sequence of six rainfalls(R1-R6).These results showed that the sediment concentrations with 33%(R4)and 17%(R5)coverage downslope were significantly lower than those with coverage upslope,whereas there was no significant difference between the runoff rates of the two ***,surface coverage at different positions induced two soil erosion regimes(deposition-and transport-dominated processes).Dynamics of the DON and DIN concentrations indicated different release processes of soil nitrogen into *** DON contributed to a substantial amount of soil nitrogen loss,which accounted approximately 81%of the organic *** SBOC is significantly correlated with sediment-enriched clay particles from the deposition-dominated processes and is higher than that from the transport-dominated *** DOC is significantly correlated with Rr for transport-dominated *** results illustrated the critical role of erosion regimes in soil organic carbon loss in dissolved or sediment-bound *** is concluded that erosion/covered zones altered by surface coverage could produce transport-and deposition-dominated erosion regimes and consequently affect soil carbon and nitrogen *** addition,these results demonstrated that surface coverage pattern may efficiently control soil erosion and soil carbon and nitrogen loss.

关键词： Erosion regimes Carbon and nitrogen loss Surface coverage Coverage position

Soil Enzyme Activities and Organic matter Composition Affected by 26 Years of Continuous Cropping

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Pedosphere 2016年第5期26卷 618-625页

作者： Fugen DOU Alan L.WRIGHT Rao S.mYLAVARAPU JIANG Xianjun John E.mATOCHA texas a&m AgriLife research center at Beaumont BeaumontTX 77713(USA) University of Florida Indian River Research&Education CenterFt.PierceFL 34945(USA) University of Florida Soil&Water Science Dept.GainesvilleFL 32611(USA) Southwest University College of Resources and EnvironmentChongqing(China) texas a&m University Agricultural Research and Extension CenterCorpus ChristiTX 78406(USA)

The study was to determine the long-term effects of subtropical monoculture and rotational cropping systems and fertilization on soil enzyme activities and soil C, N, and P levels. Cropping systems included continuous sorghum(Sorghum bicolor L.), cotton(Gossypium hirsutum L.), corn(Zea mays L.), and cotton/sorghum rotations after 26 years of treatment imposition. Soil under continuous sorghum and continuous corn had 15% and 11%, respectively, greater C concentrations than soil under continuous *** C was 10% higher at 0–7.5 cm than at 7.5–15 cm. Total N followed similar trends with soil depth as organic C. Continuous sorghum had 19% higher total N than other crop species and rotations. With fertilization, continuous cotton had the highest total P at 0–7.5 cm and sorghum had the highest at 7.5–15 cm. Soil total P was 14% higher at 0–7.5 than at 7.5–15 cm, and fertilization increased 15% total P compared to unfertilized soil. Arylsulfatase, alkaline phosphatase, and β-d-glucosidase activity were the highest for sorghum and the lowest for cotton. Rotation increased enzyme activities compared to continuous cotton but not for continuous sorghum. Of all crop species and rotations, continuous cotton generally showed the lowest levels of organic matter and enzyme activities after 26 years. Fertilization significantly increased the yields for all cropping systems, but rotation had no significant effect on either sorghum or cotton lint yield compared to each crop grown in monoculture. Long-term cropping did not increase soil organic matter levels beyond short-term gains, indicating the difficulty in promoting C sequestration in subtropical soils.

关键词： C sequestration fertilization monoculture rotation subtropical soil

Broadband mid-infrared second harmonic generation using epitaxial polydomain barium titanate thin films

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Photonics research 2019年第10期7卷 1193-1199页

作者： JUNCHAO ZHOU WENRUI ZHANG mINGZHAO LIU PAO TAI LIN Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Texas A&M UniversityCollege StationTexas 77843USA Department of materials Science and Engineering Texas A&M UniversityCollege StationTexas 77843USA center for Remote Health Technologies and Systems Texas A&M UniversityCollege StationTexas 77843USA The center for Functional Nanomaterials Brookhaven National LaboratoryUptonNew York 11973USA

The mid-infrared(mid-IR) second-order optical nonlinearity of the barium titanate(BTO) thin films was characterized by second harmonic generation(SHG). The epitaxial BTO thin films were grown on strontium titanate substrates by pulsed-laser deposition. From the azimuthal-dependent polarized SHG measurements, the tensorial optical nonlinear coefficients, dij, and ferroelectric domain fraction ratio, δAY∕δAz, were resolved. Strong SHG signals were obtained at the pumping laser wavelength λ between 3.0 and 3.6 μm. The SHG intensity was linearly dependent upon the square of the pumping laser power. The broadband mid-IR optical nonlinearity enables BTO thin films for applications in chip-scale quantum optics and nonlinear integrated photonic circuits.

关键词： pumping harmonic barium

Effective Hybrid Teaching-learning-based Optimization Algorithm for Balancing Two-sided Assembly Lines with multiple Constraints

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Chinese Journal of mechanical Engineering 2015年第5期28卷 1067-1079页

作者： TANG Qiuhua LI Zixiang ZHANG Liping FLOUDAS C A CAO Xiaojun Industrial Engineering Department Wuhan University of Science and Technology texas a&m Energy Institute Texas A&M University College Station Technique center of Dongfeng Peugeot Citroen Automobile Company

Due to the NP-hardness of the two-sided assembly line balancing （TALB） problem, multiple constraints existing in real applications are less studied, especially when one task is involved with several constraints. In this paper, an effective hybrid algorithm is proposed to address the TALB problem with multiple constraints （TALB-mC）. Considering the discrete attribute of TALB-mC and the continuous attribute of the standard teaching-learning-based optimization （TLBO） algorithm, the random-keys method is hired in task permutation representation, for the purpose of bridging the gap between them. Subsequently, a special mechanism for handling multiple constraints is developed. In the mechanism, the directions constraint of each task is ensured by the direction check and adjustment. The zoning constraints and the synchronism constraints are satisfied by teasing out the hidden correlations among constraints. The positional constraint is allowed to be violated to some extent in decoding and punished in cost fimction. Finally, with the TLBO seeking for the global optimum, the variable neighborhood search （VNS） is further hybridized to extend the local search space. The experimental results show that the proposed hybrid algorithm outperforms the late acceptance hill-climbing algorithm （LAHC） for TALB-mC in most cases, especially for large-size problems with multiple constraints, and demonstrates well balance between the exploration and the exploitation. This research proposes an effective and efficient algorithm for solving TALB-mC problem by hybridizing the TLBO and VNS.

关键词： two-sided assembly line balancing teaching-learning-based optimization algorithm variable neighborhood search positional constraints zoning constraints synchronism constraints

Coordinated regulation of plant immunity by poly(ADP-ribosyl)ation and K63-linked ubiquitination

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molecular Plant 2021年第12期14卷 2088-2103页

作者： Dongsheng Yao marcus A.Arguez Ping He Andrew F.Bent Junqi Song texas a&m AgriLife research center at Dallas Texas A&M University SystemDallasTX 75252USA Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics Texas A&M UniversityCollege StationTX 77843USA Department of Plant Pathology University of Wisconsin-MadisonMadisonWI 53706USA Department of Plant Pathology and microbiology Texas A&M UniversityCollege StationTX 77843USA

Poly(ADP-ribosyl)ation(PARylation)is a posttranslational modification reversibly catalyzed by poly(ADP-ribose)polymerases(PARPs)and poly(ADP-ribose)glycohydrolases(PARGs)and plays a key role in multi-ple cellular *** molecular mechanisms by which PARylation regulates innate immunity remain largely unknown in *** we show that Arabidopsis UBC13A and UBC13B,the major drivers of lysine 63(K63)-linked polyubiquitination,directly interact with PARPs/*** of pathogen-associated molecular pattern(PAmP)-triggered immunity promotes these interactions and enhances PARylation of *** parp1 parp2 and ubc13a ubc13b mutants are compromised in immune responses with increased accumulation of total pathogenesis-related(PR)proteins but decreased accu-mulation of secreted PR *** disulfide-isomerases(PDIs),essential components of endo-plasmic reticulum quality control(ERQC)that ensure proper folding and maturation of proteins destined for secretion,complex with PARPs/PARGs and are PARylated upon PAmP ***,PARylation of UBC13 regulates K63-linked ubiquitination of PDIs,which may further promote their disulfide isomerase activities for correct protein folding and subsequent *** together,these results indicate that plant immunity is coordinately regulated by PARylation and K63-linked ubiquitination.

关键词： UBC13 PARP1 PARP2 PDI poly(ADP-ribosyl)ation K63-linked ubiquitination secretory pathway PAmP-triggered immunity systemic acquired resistance

Exogenous application of bio-stimulants and growth retardants improve nutrient absorption and fiber quality in upland cotton

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Journal of Cotton research 2024年第2期7卷 137-147页

作者： Al-Khayri Jameel m. Arif muhammad Kareem Shadia Hama Salih Anwar Adeel Dehghanisanij Hossein Emami Somayeh Yasmeen Azra Aftab Komal Negm mohamed Department of Agricultural Biotechnology College of Agriculture and Food SciencesKing Faisal University31982 Al‑AhsaSaudi Arabia Water Resources Zone Irrigation Department PunjabD.G.KhanPakistan Department of Biotechnology and Crop Science College of Agricultural Engineering SciencesUniversity of SulaimaniSulaimaniIraq Department of Agronomy PMAS-Arid Agriculture UniversityRawalpindiPakistan Agricultural research Education and Extension OrganizationAgricultural Engineering Research InstituteKarajAlborzIran Department of Water Engineering University of TabrizTabrizIran Department of Agronomy Bahauddin Zakariya UniversityMultanPakistan Department of Plant Breeding and Genetics Bahauddin Zakariya UniversityMultanPakistan Agricultural research center Cotton Research InstituteGiza 12619Egypt

Background Natural and synthetic plant growth regulators are essential for plant health,likewise these regulators also play a role in increasing organic production productivity and improving quality and yield *** the present study,we have evaluated the effects of foliar applied plant growth regulators,i.e.,moringa leaf extract(mLE)and mepiquat chloride(mC)alone and in combination mC and mLE on the conventional cotton cultivar(CIm 573)and transgenic one(CIm 598).The growth regulators were applied at the start of bloom,45 and 90 days after *** The application of mC and mLE at 90 days after blooming significantly improved the relative growth rate,net assimilation rate,the number of bolls per plant,and seed cotton ***,the combined application of mLE and mC at 90 days after blooming significantly boosted the nitrogen uptake in locules,as well as the phosphorus and potassium uptake in the leaves of both cotton *** application of mLE alone has considerably improved the nitrogen uptake in leaves,and phosphorus and potassium contents in locules of Bt and conventional cotton ***,Bt cotton treated with mLE at 90 days after blooming produced significantly higher ginning out turn and oil *** in combination(mLE+mC)at 90 days after blooming produced considerably higher micronaire value,fiber strength,and staple length in conventional *** The natural growth enhancer,mLE is a rich source of minerals and zeatin,improving the nutrient absorption and quality of cotton fiber in both conventional and Bt cotton cultivars.

关键词： Bio-stimulant Cotton Fiber quality mepiquat chloride moringa leaf extract Potassium accumulation Oil contents

Bimetallic nanoparticles as cascade sensitizing amplifiers for low-dose and robust cancer radio-immunotherapy

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Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B 2024年第4期14卷 1787-1800页

作者： Yupeng Wang Lina Wang Tao Li min Ouyang Hejian Xiong Dongfang Zhou Department of Ultrasonic Diagnosis Zhujiang HospitalKey Laboratory of Mental Health of the Ministry of EducationNMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Drug Metabolism&Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Drug ScreeningSchool of Pharmaceutical SciencesSouthern Medical UniversityGuangzhou 510515China Testing and Analysis center Hebei Normal UniversityShijiazhuang 050024China Department of mechanical Engineering The University of Texas at DallasRichardsonTX 75080USA

Radiotherapy(RT)is one of the most feasible and routinely used therapeutic modalities for treating malignant *** particular,immune responses triggered by RT,known as radio-immunotherapy,can partially inhibit the growth of distantly spreading tumors and recurrent ***-ever,the safety and efficacy of radio-immunotherapy is impeded by the radio-resistance and poor immu-nogenicity of ***,we report oxaliplatin(IV)-iron bimetallic nanoparticles(OXA/Fe NPs)as cascade sensitizing amplifiers for low-dose and robust *** OXA/Fe NPs exhibit tumor-specific accumulation and activation of OXA(I)and Fe^(2+)in response to the reductive and acidic microenvironment within tumor *** cascade reactions of the released metallic drugs can sensitize RT by inducing DNA damage,increasing ROS and O_(2) levels,and amplifying the immunogenic cell death(ICD)effect after RT to facilitate potent immune *** a result,OXA/Fe NPs-based low-dose RT triggered a robust immune response and inhibited the distant and metastatic tumors effectively by a strong abscopal ***,a long-term immunological memory effect to protect mice from tumor rechal-lenging is ***,the bimetallic NPs-based cascade sensitizing amplifier system offers an effi-cient radio-immunotherapy regimen that addresses the key challenges.

关键词： Bimetallic nanoparticles Radio-immunotherapy Cascade sensitizing amplifier,Oxaliplatin Fenton-typeHaber-Weiss reaction Radiosensitization Immunogenic cell death Radio-resistance

Inter-stage performance and energy characteristics analysis of electric submersible pump based on entropy production theory

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Petroleum Science 2024年第2期21卷 1354-1368页

作者： Hui Wang Yang Yang Bin Xi Wei-Dong Shi Chuan Wang Lei-Lei Ji Xiang-Yu Song Zhao-ming He College of Hydraulic Science and Engineering Yangzhou UniversityYangzhou225009JiangsuChina College of Electrical and mechanical Engineering Nanchang Institute of TechnologyNanchang330044JiangxiChina College of mechanical Engineering Nantong UniversityNantong226019JiangsuChina National research center of Pumps Jiangsu UniversityZhenjiang212013JiangsuChina Zhejiang Zhenxing Petrochemical machinery Co. Ltd.Ruian325204ZhejiangChina Department of mechanical Engineering of texas Tech University Lubbock79411TXUSA

The electric submersible pump(ESP) is a crucial apparatus utilized for lifting in the oil extraction *** lifting capacity is enhanced by the multi-stage tandem structure, but variations in energy characteristics and internal flow across stages are also introduced. In this study, the inter-stage variability of energy characteristics in ESP hydraulic systems is investigated through entropy production(EP) analysis,which incorporates numerical simulations and experimental validation. The EP theory facilitates the quantification of energy loss in each computational subdomain at all ESP stages, establishing a correlation between microscopic flow structure and energy dissipation within the system. Furthermore, the underlying causes of inter-stage variability in ESP hydraulic systems are examined, and the advantages and disadvantages of applying the EP theory in this context are evaluated. Consistent energy characteristics within the ESP, aligned with the distribution of internal flow structure, are provided by the EP theory, as demonstrated by our results. The EP theory also enables the quantitative analysis of internal flow losses and complements existing performance analysis methods to map the internal flow structure to hydraulic losses. Nonetheless, an inconsistency between the energy characterization based on EP theory and the traditional efficiency index when reflecting inter-stage differences is identified. This inconsistency arises from the exclusive focus of the EP theory on flow losses within the flow field, disregarding the quantification of external energy input to the flow field. This study provides a reference for the optimization of EP theory in rotating machinery while deeply investigating the energy dissipation characteristics of multistage hydraulic system, which has certain theoretical and practical significance.

关键词： Electric submersible pump(ESP) Entropy production theory Energy characteristics Inter-stage differences

Hierarchically porous metal–organic frameworks:synthetic strategies and applications

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National Science Review 2020年第11期7卷 1743-1758页

作者： Liang Feng Kun-Yu Wang Xiu-Liang Lv Tian-Hao Yan Hong-Cai Zhou Department of Chemistry Texas A&M UniversityCollege Station Department of materials Science and Engineering Texas A&M UniversityCollege Station

Despite numerous advantages, applications of conventional microporous metal–organic frameworks (mOFs) are hampered by their limited pore sizes, such as in heterogeneous catalysis and guest delivery,which usually involve large molecules. Construction of hierarchically porous mOFs (HP-mOFs) is vital to achieve the controllable augmentation of mOF pore size to mesopores or even macropores, which can enhance the diffusion kinetics of guests and improve the storage capacity. This review article focuses on recent advances in the methodology of HP-mOF synthesis, covering preparation of HP-mOFs with intrinsic hierarchical pores, and modulated, templated and template-free synthetic strategies for *** key factors which affect the formation of HP-mOF architectures are summarized and discussed,followed by a brief review of their applications in heterogeneous catalysis and guest encapsulation. Overall,this review presents a roadmap that will guide the future design and development of HP-mOF materials with molecular precision and mesoscopic complexity.

关键词： metal–organic frameworks hierarchical design synthesis application