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Regenerative Biomaterials 2020年第4期7卷 413-425页

作者： Hamad Alsaykhan Jennifer Z.Paxton Anatomy@edinburgh Edinburgh Medical School:Biomedical SciencesThe University of EdinburghTeviot PlaceEdinburgh EH89AGUK Department of Basic Medical Sciences College of Medicine and Health SciencesQassim UniversityPO Box 99151911 Unaizah CampusAl-Qassim 51911Saudi Arabia

Musculoskeletal tissue interfaces are a common site of injury in the young,active *** particular,the interface between the musculoskeletal tissues of tendon and bone is often injured and to date,no single treatment has been able to restore the form and function of damaged tissue at the bone-tendon *** engineering and regeneration hold great promise for the manufacture of bespoke in vitro models or implants to be used to advance repair and so this study investigated the material,orientation and culture choices for manufacturing a reproducible 3D model of a musculoskeletal interface between tendon and bone cell *** models are essential for future studies focussing on the regeneration of musculoskeletal interfaces in ***-encapsulated fibrin hydrogels,arranged in a horizontal orientation though a simple moulding procedure,were shown to best support cellular growth and migration of cells to form an in vitro tendon-bone *** study highlights the importance of acknowledging the material and technical challenges in establishing co-cultures and suggests a reproducible methodology to form 3D co-cultures between tendon and bone,or other musculoskeletal cell types,in vitro.

关键词： tendon bone 3D co-culture hydrogels musculoskeletal interface

CFD-DEM simulation of turbulence modulation in horizontal pneumatic conveying

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Particuology 2017年第2期15卷 15-24页

作者： Mohammadreza Ebrahimi Martin Crapper Institute for Infrastructure and Environment School of Engineering The University of Edinburgh The King's Buildings Edinburgh EH9 3JL UK Department of Mechanical and Construction Engineering Northumbria University Ellison Place Newcastle-upon-Tyne NE1 8ST UK

A study is presented to evaluate the capabilities of the standard k–ε turbulence model and the k–ε turbulence model with added source terms in predicting the experimentally measured turbulence modulation due to the presence of particles in horizontal pneumatic conveying, in the context of a CFD–DEM Eulerian–Lagrangian simulation. Experiments were performed using a 6.5-m long, 0.075-m diameter horizontal pipe in conjunction with a laser Doppler anemometry （LDA） system. Spherical glass beads with two sizes, 1.5 and 2 mm, were used. Simulations were performed using the commercial discrete element method software EDEM, coupled with the computational fluid dynamics package FLUENT. Hybrid source terms were added to the conventional k–ε turbulence model to take into account the influence of the dispersed phase on the carrier phase turbulence intensity. The simulation results showed that the turbulence modulation depends strongly on the model parameter Cε3. Both the standard k–ε turbulence model and the k–ε turbulence model with the hybrid source terms could predict the gas phase turbulence intensity trend only generally. A noticeable discrepancy in all cases between simulation and experimental results was observed, particularly for the regions close to the pipe wall. It was also observed that in some cases the addition of the source terms to the k–ε turbulence model did not improve the simulation results when compared with those of the standard k–ε turbulence model. Nonetheless, in the lower part of the pipe where particle loading was greater due to gravitational effects, the model with added source terms performed somewhat better.

关键词： Turbulence modulation Pneumatic conveying Eulerian-Lagrangian approach Laser Doppler anemometry

What are universities for?

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Chinese Science Bulletin 2011年第23期56卷 2506-2517页

作者： Geoffrey BOULTON Colin LUCAS The University of edinburgh University of Oxford

Governments worldwide rightly regard universities as fundamental to the achievement of many national priorities. But it is the paper’s contention that many misunderstand their true benefit to society. Investments in universities are increasingly based on the belief that the science labs in particular of research-intensive universities can be the source of a continuous stream of people and ideas that will spawn innovative and fast growing companies to form the nexus of the knowledge-based economy. This belief is a source of misconceived policies that offer only ultimate disillusion. It is the totality of the university enterprise that is important, as the only place where that totality of ourselves and our world is brought together, and which makes it the strongest provider of the rational explanation and meaning that societies need. In research, universities create new possibilities; in teaching, they shape new people. Its graduates learn to seek the true meaning of things: to distinguish between the true and the merely seemingly true, to verify for themselves what is stable in that very unstable compound that often passes for knowledge. It is the complex, interacting whole of the university that is the source of the separate economic, social, cultural and utilitarian benefits valued by society. It needs to be understood, valued and managed as a whole. These perceptions are a direct challenge to not only to governments but to university administrators who have been either cowed or seduced into the slipshod thinking that is leading to demands that universities cannot satisfy, whilst obscuring their most important contributions. The challenge to both is to permit autonomy without oppressive accountability, and to give staff and students the freedom to think, speculate and research. These are the very conditions of the personal and collective creativity that are the sources of a university’s deepest benefits to its society.

关键词：研究型大学社会需要经济关系工作人员社会根源不稳定管理员实验室

Using Bayesian Belief Networks for model duration in text-to-speech systems

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Using Bayesian Belief Networks for model duration in text-to...

The impact of ESG on financial performance:a revisit with a regression discontinuity approach

6～(th) International Conference on Spoken Language Processing

作者： OlgaGoubanova PaulTaylor Centre for Speech Technology Research University of Edinburgh2 Buccleuch PlaceEdinburgh EH8 9LWUK Centre for Speech Technology Research University of Edinburgh2 Buccleuch PlaceEdinburgh EH8 9LWUK

＜正＞The problems of database imbalance and factor interaction make modelling of segment duration in text-to-speech systems a challenging task. We therefore propose a probabilistic Bayesian belief network （BN） approach to tackle data sparsity and factor interaction problems. The belief network approach makes good estimations in cases of missed or incomplete data. Also, it captures factor interaction in a concise way of causal relationships among the nodes in a directed acyclic （DAG） graph. Furthermore, a belief network approach allows a significant reduction of the number of parameters to be estimated. In our work. we model segment duration as a hybrid Bayesian network consisting of discrete and continuous nodes;each node in the network represents a linguistic factor that affects segmental duration. The interaction between the factors is represented as conditional dependence relations in the graphical model. We contrasted the results of belief network model with those of sums of products model and classification and regression tree （CART） model. We trained and tested all three models on the same data. Our new model significantly outperforms CART: the belief network achieves a RMS error of 5 milliseconds compared with 20 ms from CART. The SoP model also produces an error of 9 ms, and hence our new model isn’t any worse in terms of final performance. However, we think our model has many other advantages compared to SoP, for instance it is much easier to configure and experiment with new features. This should make it easier to adapt to new languages.

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碳中和(英文) 2022年第1期1卷 184-202页

作者： Ziwei Xu Wenxuan Hou Brian G.M.Main Rong Ding edinburgh University Business School 29 Buccleuch PlaceEdinburgh EH89JSUK School of Finance Shanghai Lixin University of Accounting and FinanceShanghaiChina Neoma Business School Department of AccountingControl and Legal affairs1 Rue du Maréchal Juin76130 Mont‑Saint‑AignanFrance.

This study revisits the question of“whether firms are doing well by doing good?”.We examine shareholders-sponsored corporate socially responsible(CSR)proposals related to Environmental,Social,and Governance(ESG)that are voted to pass or fail by a small *** adoption of those“close call”proposals is regarded as equivalent to a random assignment of CSR policies and,therefore,provides a quasi-experimental setting to capture the causal influence of CSR on firm *** apply the regression discontinuity design(RDD)and find that CSR proposals’passage leads to a significant positive abnormal return on the voting *** results are robust with both parametric and nonparametric approaches of RDD and different polynomial ***,we fail to identify a significant change in financial performance in the *** possible reason is that passing a CSR proposal could be symbolic,rather than substantial.

关键词： Corporate social responsibility Regression discontinuity Financial performance

Assembly of a parts list ofthe human mitotic cell cycle machinery

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Journal of Molecular Cell Biology 2019年第8期11卷 703-718页

作者： Bruno Giott Sz-Hau Chen Mark W.Barnett Tim Regan Tony Ly Stefan Wiemann David A.Hume Tom C.Freeman The Roslin Institute University of Edinburgh Easter Bush Midlothian EH25 9RG Scotland UK Biosciences and Biotechnology Institute EDyP Department CEA Grenoble 17 rue des Martyrs 38054 Grenoble France Wellcome Centre for Cell Biology University of Edinburgh Swann Building Edinburgh EH9 3BF Scotland UK Molecular Genome Analysis (B050) Deutsches Krebsforschungszentrum Im Neuenheimer Feld 580 69120 Heidelberg Germany Mater Research Institute University of Queensland Level 3 Aubigny Place Raymond Terrace South Brisbane Qld 4101 Australia

The set of proteins required for mitotic division remains poorly characterized. Here, an extensive series of correlation analyses of human and mouse transcriptomics data were performed to identify genes strongly and reproducibly associated with cells undergoing S/G2-M phases of the cell cycle. In so doing, 701 cell cycle-associated genes were defined and while it was shown that many are only expressed during these phases, the expression of others is also driven by alternative promoters. Of this list, 496 genes have known cell cycle functions, whereas 205 were assigned as putative cell cycle genes, 53 of which are functionally uncharacterized. Among these, 27 were screened for subcellular localization revealing many to be nuclear localized and at least three to be novel centrosomal proteins. Furthermore, 10 others inhibited cell proliferation upon siRNA knockdown. This study presents the first comprehensive list of human cell cycle proteins, identifying many new candidate proteins.

关键词： cell cycle systems biology gene expression transcriptome network analysis

nNPipe: a neural network pipeline for automated analysis of morphologically diverse catalyst systems

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npj Computational Materials 2023年第1期9卷 2176-2187页

作者： Kevin P.Treder Chen Huang Cameron G.Bell Thomas J.A.Slater Manfred E.Schuster DoğanÖzkaya Judy S.Kim Angus I.Kirkland Department of Materials University of OxfordParks RoadOX13PH OxfordOxfordshireUnited Kingdom Rosalind Franklin Institute Harwell Research CampusOX110FA DidcotOxfordshireUnited Kingdom School of Chemistry The University of EdinburghEH93FJ EdinburghUnited Kingdom School of Chemistry Cardiff UniversityPark PlaceCF103AT CardiffUnited Kingdom Electron Physical Sciences Imaging Centre Diamond Light SourceOxfordshire OX110DEUnited Kingdom Johnson Matthey Technology Centre Blount’s CourtSonning CommonReading RG49NHUnited Kingdom

We describe nNPipe for the automated analysis of morphologically diverse catalyst materials. Automated imaging routines anddirect-electron detectors have enabled the collection of large data stacks over a wide range of sample positions at high temporalresolution. Simultaneously, traditional image analysis approaches are slow and hence unsuitable for large data stacks andconsequently, researchers have progressively turned towards machine learning and deep learning approaches. Previous studiesoften detail work on morphologically uniform material systems with clearly discernible features, limited workable image sizes andtraining data that may be biased due to manual labelling. The nNPipe data-processing method consists of two standaloneconvolutional neural networks that were exclusively trained on multislice image simulations and enables fast analysis of2048 × 2048 pixel images. Inference performance compared between idealised and real industrial catalytic samples and insightsderived from subsequent data analysis are placed into the context of an automated imaging scenario.

关键词： catalyst hence subsequent

Disconnect between primary care and cancer follow-up care: An exploratory study from Odisha, India

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Family Medicine and Community Health 2015年第3期3卷 9-17页

作者： Sanghamitra Pati Sukdev Nayak David Weller Indian Institute of Public Health Bhubaneswar Public Health Foundation of India2nd and 3rd FloorJSS Software Technology ParkE1/1Infocity RoadPatiaBhubaneswar 751024OdishaIndia All India Institute of Medical Sciences SijuaBhubaneswar 751019OdishaIndia Ex-Director Regional Cancer CenterCuttack OdishaIndia Centre for Population Health Sciences University of EdinburghDoorway 1Medical Quad Teviot PlaceEdinburgh EH89DXUK

Objective:There has been a steady increase in the demand for cancer follow-up care in *** with Western countries,there is little evidence on the capacity of the Indian primary care workforce to accommodate such *** explored the perceptions of oncologists,general practitioners,and patients with regard to the involvement of primary care in cancer follow-up ***:We undertook semistructured focus-group discussions with eight oncologists,nine general practitioners,and 17 cancer patients to gain an understanding of their perceived roles and responsibilities with regard to primary care in delivering follow-up care and the potential *** from the focus groups were transcribed verbatim,translated,and analyzed with use of a the-matic ***:Most general practitioners felt that their job is to see‘normal’patients,and cancer patients were exceptions to routine *** were apprehensive with regard to the com-petence of general practitioners and patient *** consult oncologists for cancer follow-up care as they perceive it to be very *** expressed difficulty in accessing follow-up care and want specialized oncological care by trained personnel in their ***:Despite the growing number of cancer survivors,we found a disconnect between primary care and cancer follow-up care.

关键词： Primary care cancer follow-up general practitioner qualitative perspectives Odisha India

NOVEL MECHANISM OF ACTION OF DICLOFENAC ON CYCLOOXY-GENASE

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NOVEL MECHANISM OF ACTION OF DICLOFENAC ON CYCLOOXY-GENASE

第十五届国际药理学大会

作者： Ian Power Laurence E Mather Department of Anaesthesia and Pain Management University of Sydney at Royal North Shore HospitalNSW 2065Australia Department of Anaesthesia Critical Care and Pain MedicineUniversity of EdinburghRoyal InfirmaryLauriston PlaceEdinburgh EH3 9YWScotland

＜正＞ It is generally accepted that NSAIDs exert pharmacological actions by inhibiting the formation of prostaglandins. However,it has been reported that NSAIDs （diclofenac） induces cyclooxygenase （COX） activity in transformed monocyte/ macrophage cell line （Simmons et al 1999）. We report the effects of diclofenac on the expression of brain and spinal cord COX-2 mRNA and protein in the rat tail ischaemia-reperfusion-hyperalgesia model, and in the A549 cell line. COX-2 mRNA was quantitated by RNAse protection assay while COX-2 protein was analysed by Western blot. We found that diclofenac （sc 40 mg/kg） effectively abolished the hyperalgesia from the injury and that COX-2 mRNA and protein levels in the brain and the spinal cord were elevated following hyperalgesia. Surprisingly diclofenac significantly further increased （300 %-800 % ） the expression of COX-2 mRNA in the brain and spinal cord. When incubated with A549 cell line, diclofenac exhibited both inhibitory （5 to 10μM） and inducing （≥50μM） effects on PGE2 production. We conclude that an antihyperalgesic dose of diclofenac upregulates. not inhibits as predicted. COX-2 expression in vivo and diclofenac exhibits a biphasic effect in vitro. These findings challenge the current understanding of NSAID mechanisms of action.

关键词： NSAIDs diclofenac cyclooxygenase hyperalgesia

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增厚的黑色素瘤:长久面对的挑战

世界核心医学期刊文摘（皮肤病学分册） 2005年第8期1卷 13-14页

作者： Murray C.S. Stockton D.L. Doherty V.R. 党倩丽 Department of Dermatology Lauriston Building Royal Infirmary of Edinburgh 1 Lauriston Place Edinburgh EH3 9YP United Kingdom

Background: Considerable resources have been channelled into primary and secondary prevention of cutaneous melanoma over the past 20 years. These efforts have been associated with a significant increase in the proportion of thin, good prognosis lesions and this is felt to be the principal reason for the current overall improvement in melanoma survival. Objectives: Analysis of Scottish Melanoma Group (SMG) data was carried out to identify the proportion of thick melanomas presenting over time. SMG data were used to characterize the patients presenting with thick melanoma. Methods: Using data from the SMG database 915 patients (392 male and 523 female)first diagnosed with invasive melanoma ≥ 3 5 mm thick in the two decades between 1979 and 1998, inclusive, were identified. The patients were from regions designated South- east Scotl and, Tayside, Grampian and Highland, which together form half of all Scottish cases. Results: The analysis shows that, although the proportion of thick, poor prognosis melanomas has decreased over time, the number presenting per year has not significantly altered. In the first decade, 50 5% of registrations were thick lesions and these fell to 31 0% in the second decade. In the first decade there were 419 cases (173 male), median age 66 years (range 5- 99). Fifty- five patients were under the age of 40 years. Two hundred and twelve melanomas were nodular, 116 superficial spreading (SSM), 34 acral and 26 lentigo maligna melanoma. Sixty- nine patients had either lymph node involvement or distant spread at presentation. Despite a 93 3% increase in the total number of melanoma registrations by the end of the second decade, there was relatively little change in the absolute numbers of thick lesions. The total number of thick lesions was 496 (220 male), an increase of 18 4% . Median age wasgreater,at70years(range1- 98),and 31 patients were under the age of 40 years. Nodular was still the commonest type but its proportion had dropped signific

关键词：黑色素瘤黑色瘤预后良好二级预防结节型预后差播散型高原地区整体改善肢端型