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The composition of mixed-species flocks of birds in and around Chitwan National Park,Nepal

Avian research 2021年第4期12卷 544-552页

作者： Kamal Raj Gosai Eben Goodale Guangxi Key Laboratory of Forest ecology and Conservation College of ForestryGuangxi UniversityNanning 530004China Department of Environmental Science Tri-Chandra Multiple CampusTribhuvan UniversityGhantagharKathmandu 44600Nepal

Background:Mixed-species flocks(MSFs)have been well sampled in the South Asia,but there has been as yet surprisingly little work on MSFs of Nepal,despite a diverse and well-studied *** surveyed MSFs in two forest types in and around the Important Bird Area of Chitwan National Park in Nepal,between 150 and 800 m a.s.l.,to provide a first description of the composition of MSFs in this *** also aimed to understand which species should be considered‘nuclear species',important to forming MSFs or leading them ***:In total,we collected records on 222 MSFs that included 100 species,and 6097 *** MSFs were similar to worldwide patterns in being dominated by leaf-gleaning,non-terrestrial ***,the MSFs were more dominated by canopy species than usual,and did not have a clear gregarious,understory leading *** drongos(Family Dicruridae)and minivets(Family Campephagidae,Genus Pericrocotus)acted as leaders,and a cluster analysis of composition showed one group of large body size MSFs particularly characterized by the presence of the Greater Racket-tailed Drongo(Dicrurus paradiseus).Conclusions:Drongos are known to provide both costs and benefits to other flock participants:they are aggressive birds that can steal food,and manipulate other species with their vocalizations,but at the same time they are‘sentinel species'that produce information about predation risk other species can *** study demonstrates that drongos can be considered nuclear species for some types of MSFs,despite the potential costs of their *** led by sentinel species thus may form in Asia,as well as in the Neotropics.

关键词： Bird community ecology Dicruridae Keystone species Mixed-species flocks Species interactions

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Morphological evolution from aquatic to terrestrial in the genus Oreolalax(Amphibia,Anura,Megophryidae)

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Progress in Natural Science:Materials International 2009年第10期19卷 1403-1408页

作者： Gang Wei a,b,c,Bin Wang c,Ning Xu b,Zizhong Lia,Jianping Jiang c,a Institute of Entomology,Guizhou University,Guiyang 550025,China b Centre of ecology,Guiyang College,Guiyang 550005,China c Chengdu Institute of Biology,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Chengdu 610041,China Institute of Entomology Guizhou University Guiyang 550025 China Centre of ecology Guiyang College Guiyang 550005 China Chengdu Institute of Biology Chinese Academy of Sciences Chengdu 610041 China

A phylogeny of 17 species in the genus Oreolalax is reconstructed based on 21 morphological characters from adult specimens,skeleton specimens,tadpoles and *** species groups are recognized,of which the *** species group is the most primitive,the *** species group is the second,the *** species group is the third and the *** species group is the most recently *** on the evolutional tendency of the morphological characters on the phylogenetic tree,it is proposed that the evolution of tympanum,tympanic annulus,columella,spoon-like cartilage and the web between toes reflect the habit changes from aquatic to ***,Oreolalax is regarded as one important representative genus to study further the evolution of morphological characters from aquatic to terrestrial.

关键词： Aquatic terrestrial Morphology Evolution Oreolalax

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Precipitation regulated soil nematode community and footprint in cropland ecosystems

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Soil ecology Letters 2023年第4期5卷 19-28页

作者： Pingting Guan Jianan Li Cao Hao Jingjing Yang Lihong Song Ximei Niu Ping Wang Mohammad Mahamood Donghui Wu State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Wetland ecology and Vegetation Restoration School of EnvironmentNortheast Normal UniversityChangchun 130117China Key Laboratory of Vegetation ecology Ministry of EducationNortheast Normal UniversityChangchun 130024China College of Agriculture Guizhou UniversityGuiyang 550025China Department of Biology Deanship of Educational ServicesQassim UniversityBuraydahSaudi Arabia Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Resource Conservation and Utilization Northeast Normal UniversityChangchun 130117China Key Laboratory of Wetland ecology and Environment Northeast Institute of Geography and AgroecologyChinese Academy of SciencesChangchun 130102China

●Nematode abundance and footprint show unimodal patterns with precipitation levels.●MAP governed nematode diversity along the precipitation gradient of agroecosystem.●Soil pH determined nematode abundance and footprint in low precipitation *** plays a crucial role in global biodiversity change across terrestrial *** is proven to affect soil organism diversity in natural ***,how precipitation change affects the function of the soil nematode community remains unclear in cropland ***,we tested soil nematode communities from different precipitation sites(300 mm to 900 mm)of the agricultural *** abundance of total nematodes,fungivores,and plant parasites,together with the footprint of fungivores was significantly affected by mean annual precipitation(MAP)in cropland *** parasites diversity and footprint showed negative relationships with *** random forest suggested plant parasite footprint was the most responsive to *** structural equation model revealed that MAP affected nematode abundance and footprint indirectly via soil pH;nematode diversity was affected by MAP *** conclude that precipitation could act as the main selection stress for nematode diversity among the large gradient of agricultural ***,the soil pH may act as a stress factor in determining nematode community and carbon flow in the soil food *** study emphasized that using nematode value by trophic group would provide a deep understanding of nematode response to precipitation in cropland ecosystems.

关键词： soil nematode community nematode carbon flux the Northeast China Transect agricultural ecosystem precipitation

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Carnivore stable carbon isotope niches reflect predator–prey size relationships in African savannas

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Integrative Zoology 2018年第2期13卷 166-179页

作者： Jacqueline CODRON Nico L AVENANT Corli WIGLEY-COETSEE Daryl CODRON Mammalogy Department National MuseumBloemfonteinSouth Africa Florisbad Quaternary research Department National MuseumBloemfonteinSouth Africa Centre for Environmental Management University of the Free StateBloemfonteinSouth Africa Scientific Services SANParksSkukuzaSouth Africa School of Natural Resource Management Nelson Mandela UniversityGeorge CampusSouth Africa Institute for Geosciences Palaeontology/Sclerochronology Research GroupJohannes Gütenberg UniversityMainzGermany

Predator-prey size relationships are among the most important patterns underlying the structure and function of ecological ***,these relationships have already been shown to be important for understanding patterns of macroevolution and differential extinction in the terrestrial vertebrate fossil *** isotope analysis(SIA)is a powerful remote approach to examining animal diets and *** approach is based on the principle that isotope compositions of consumer tissues reflect those of their *** systems where resource isotope compositions are distributed along a body size gradient,SIA could be used to reconstruct predator-prey size *** analyzed stable carbon isotope distributions amongst mammalian herbivores in extant and Plio-Pleistocene African savanna assemblages,and show that the range ofδ^(13)C values among mammalian prey species(herbivores and rodents)increases with body mass(BM),because C_(4) plant feeding(essentially grazing)is more common among larger ***,δ^(13)C values of mammalian carnivores in these systems are related to species’BM,reflecting a higher average C_(4) prey component in the diets of larger-bodied *** pattern likely emerges because only the largest carnivores in these systems have regular access to the C_(4) prey base,whereas smaller carnivores do ***δ^(13)C-BM relationship observed in mammalian carnivores is a potentially powerful approach for reconstructing and parameterizing predator-prey size relationships in contemporary and fossil savanna assemblages,and for interpreting how various behavioral,ecological and environmental factors influence prey size selection.

关键词： body mass carbonate collagen hair pleistocene

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Deployment Strategy for Multiple Controllers Based on the Aviation On-Board Software-Defined Data Link Network

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2023年第12期77卷 3867-3894页

作者： Yuting Zhu Yanfang Fu Yang Ce Pan Deng Jianpeng Zhu Huankun Su China Electronics Technology group Corporation 20th research Institute Xi’an710068China School of Computer Science and Engineering Xi’an Technological UniversityXi’an710021China Department of Statistics and Actuarial Science University of WaterlooWaterlooON N2L 3G1Canada

In light of the escalating demand and intricacy of services in contemporary terrestrial,maritime,and aerial combat operations,there is a compelling need for enhanced service quality and efficiency in airborne cluster communication ***-Defined Networking(SDN)proffers a viable solution for the multifaceted task of cooperative communication transmission and management across different operational domains within complex combat contexts,due to its intrinsic ability to flexibly allocate and centrally administer network *** study pivots around the optimization of SDN controller deployment within airborne data link clusters.A collaborative multi-controller architecture predicated on airborne data link clusters is thus *** this architectural framework,the controller deployment issue is reframed as a two-fold problem:subdomain partition-ing and central interaction node *** advocate a subdomain segmentation approach grounded in node value ranking(NDVR)and a central interaction node selection methodology predicated on an enhanced Artificial Fish Swarm Algorithm(AFSA).The advanced NDVR-AFSA(Node value ranking-Improved artificial fish swarm algorithm)algorithm makes use of a chaos algorithm for population initialization,boosting population diversity and circumventing premature algorithm *** the integration of adaptive strategies and incorporation of the genetic algorithm’s crossover and mutation operations,the algorithm’s search range adaptability is enhanced,thereby increasing the possibility of obtaining globally optimal solutions,while concurrently augmenting cluster *** simulation results verify the advantages of the NDVR-IAFSA algorithm,achieve a better load balancing effect,improve the reliability of aviation data link cluster,and significantly reduce the average propagation delay and disconnection rate,respectively,by 12.8%and 11.7%.This shows that the optimization scheme has important significance in pra

关键词： Aviation cluster software defined network controller deployment Airborne network data link

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Strong direct and indirect influences of climate change on water yield confirmed by the Budyko framework

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Geography and Sustainability 2021年第4期2卷 281-287页

作者： Hui Yang Hao Xu Chris Huntingford Philippe Ciais Shilong Piao Sino-French Institute for Earth System Science College of Urban and Environmental SciencesPeking UniversityBeijing 100871China Laboratoire des Sciences du Climat et de l’Environnement CEA CNRS UVSQ91191France Centre for ecology and Hydrology WallingfordOxfordshireOX108BBUK Key Laboratory of Alpine ecology Institute of Tibetan Plateau ResearchChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China Center for Excellence in Tibetan Earth Science Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100085China

research findings concerning the main processes influencing water resources differ substantially,and so the topic remains *** studies indicate that the changes in water yield,expressed through the n-parameter of Budyko framework,are associated with vegetation coverage ***,we use runoffmeasurements and outputs from 13 dynamic global vegetation models,to investigate the underlying drivers of the n-parameter *** previous studies,we instead find that climate change is the primary driver of adjustments on water *** climatic characteristics,particularly the intensity and seasonality of rainfall,modulates the runoffgeneration *** effects of climate change occur through altering vegetation properties,which in turn also impact river *** also find that in the arid and sparse vegetation regions,water yield is more sensitive to changes in ***,the Budyko framework provides a reliable parameter-sparse representation of runoffchanges,and reveals that terrestrial water cycle is changing substantially under climate *** climate forcing requires on-going investigation to generate more refined and reliable projections of future water availability.

关键词： Water cycle Climate change Atmospheric CO_(2) Land cover change Runoff

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Mowing did not mitigate the negative effects of nitrogen deposition on soil nematode community in a temperate steppe

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Soil ecology Letters 2021年第2期3卷 125-133页

作者： YINGBIN LI SIWEI LIANG XIAOFANG DU Xinchang Kou Xiaotao Lv Qi Li Institute of Applied ecology Chinese Academy of SciencesShenyang 110016China College of Land and Environment Shenyang Agricultural UniversityShenyang 110866ChinaInstitute of Applied EcologyChinese Academy of SciencesShenyang 110016China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China School of Geographical Sciences Northeast Normal UniversityChangchun 130024China

Soil nematodes are the most numerous components of the soil fauna in terrestrial *** occurrence and abundance of nematode trophic groups determine the structure and function of soil food ***,little is known about how nitrogen deposition and land-use practice(***)affect soil nematode *** investigated the main and interactive effects of nitrogen addition and mowing on soil nematode diversity and biomass carbon in nematode trophic groups in a temperate steppe in northern *** addition and mowing significantly decreased the abundance of soil nematodes and trophic diversity but had no effects on nematode richness and the Shannon-Wiener *** addition influenced soil nematode communities through decreasing soil *** influenced soil nematode communities through decreasing soil *** addition enhanced the bacterial energy channel but mowing promoted fungal energy channel in the soil micro-food *** study emphasizes that ecosystem function supported by soil organisms can be greatly influenced by nitrogen deposition,and mowing cannot mitigate the negative effects of nitrogen deposition on soil food webs.

关键词： Nematode biomass carbon Trophic group Soil food web Grassland management Nitrogen enrichment

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Building 3D CityGML models of mining industrial structures using integrated UAV and TLS point clouds

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International Journal of Coal Science & Technology 2023年第5期10卷 158-177页

作者： Canh Le Van Cuong Xuan Cao Anh Ngoc Nguyen Chung Van Pham Long Quoc Nguyen Department of Mine Surveying Hanoi University of Mining and GeologyHanoiVietnam Viettel group Viettel Cyberspace CenterHanoiVietnam

Mining industrial areas with anthropogenic engineering structures are one of the most distinctive features of the real world.3D models of the real world have been increasingly popular with numerous applications,such as digital twins and smart factory *** this study,3D models of mining engineering structures were built based on the CityGML *** collecting spatial data,the two most popular geospatial technologies,namely UAV-SfM and TLS were *** accuracy of the UAV survey was at the centimeter level,and it satisfied the absolute positional accuracy requirement of creat-ing all levels of detail(LoD)according to the CityGML ***,the UAV-SfM point cloud dataset was used to build LoD 2 *** addition,the comparison between the UAV-SfM and TLS sub-clouds of facades and roofs indicates that the UAV-SfM and TLS point clouds of these objects are highly consistent,therefore,point clouds with a higher level of detail and accuracy provided by the integration of UAV-SfM and TLS were used to build LoD 3 *** resulting 3D CityGML models include 39 buildings at LoD 2,and two mine shafts with hoistrooms,headframes,and sheave wheels at LoD3.

关键词： 3D modelling CityGML-Mining industry UAV terrestrial laser scanning Point cloud

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Dust storms in northern China and their significance for the concept of the Anthropocene

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Science China Earth Sciences 2022年第5期65卷 921-933页

作者： Jianbao LIU Jie CHEN Shengqian CHEN Xinwei YAN Haoran DONG Fahu CHEN Key Laboratory of Western China’s Environmental Systems(Ministry of Education) College of Earth and Environmental ScienceLanzhou UniversityLanzhou 730000China group of Alpine Paleoecology and Human Adaptation(ALPHA) State Key Laboratory of Tibetan Plateau Earth SystemResources and Environment(TPESRE)Institute of Tibetan Plateau ResearchChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China

A key scientific issue in the study of the Anthropocene is the determination of the corresponding stratigraphic marker in geological *** arid and semi-arid regions of Asia are the second largest dust source on Earth,and their release,transport and deposition of dust affect global climate change,as well as marine and terrestrial biogeochemical *** the past~2000 years,human activity has outpaced natural climatic variability as the dominant control of dust storms in northern ***,exploring the potential of anthropogenic Asian dust as a marker of the Anthropocene and its impacts on lake ecosystems may contribute to an improved definition of the characteristics and timing of the *** this context,we measured spectrally-inferred chlorophyll a from the sediments of an undisturbed alpine lake in northern China,and compared the results with dust storm data from the same cores and with regional climatic *** dust is a widely distributed,globally significant signal of human activity,and it is also well preserved in various geological archives;hence,we propose anthropogenic dust can be considered as a potential marker of the *** dust signals in stratigraphic records during the past~2000 years differ substantially from those during the early and middle Holocene,which demonstrates that,at least since~2000 years ago,human activity has exceeded the natural forcing of dust transport in northern *** therefore propose that there are spatial and temporal differences in the onset of the Anthropocene,as defined by anthropogenic dust deposition,which is therefore *** spectrally-inferred chlorophyll a record is consistent with dust storm activity over the past~2000 years(except since the 1950s),suggesting that anthropogenic dust storms were the dominant control on lake primary *** to the 1950s the interactions of the East Asian summer monsoon(EASM),human activity,dust storms and lake ecos

关键词： Anthropocene Stratigraphic marker Dust storms Lake primary production Time-transgressive Great Acceleration

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Environmental Assessment of Tetracycline’s Residues Detected in Pig Slurry and Poultry Manure

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Journal of Environmental Protection 2016年第1期7卷 82-92页

作者： Matilde Carballo Sonia Aguayo Miguel González Fernando Esperon Ana de la Torre research Centre in Animal Health CISA-INIA Madrid Spain group of Water Pollution ISC III Madrid Spain

The widespread use of antimicrobials in animal husbandry has led to an increase in concentrations of antibiotics in animal faeces. Furthermore, the spreading of this waste as fertilizer on agricultural land indirectly introduces antimicrobial residues into the environment. This study examined samples of pig slurry and poultry manure for three tetracyclines—oxytetracycline (OTC), chlortetracycline (CTC) and doxycycline (DOC) and conducted an environmental evaluation of soils. The samples were taken from manure heaps on eight broiler chicken farms and from slurry ponds on eight pig farms. The tetracycline analysis was conducted using high-performance liquid chromatography combined with tandem mass spectrometry (HPLC/MS). The risk assessment was carried out on the basis of the estimated PECsoil value and the ecotoxicological information available for terrestrial organisms. TC concentrations were between >0.01 and 1.38 mg/kg. OCT was detected in 37% of the poultry manure and in 20% of the pig slurry samples. DOC was present in 50% of pig slurry samples with an average concentration of 1.2 mg/kg, while CTC was only found in one slurry sample at a concentration of 0.56 mg/kg. Compared with published values for these two farm animals from other countries, the TC concentrations obtained in this study were low. The environmental importance of the data generated was also discussed.

关键词： Tetracyclines Pig Slurry Poultry Manure Risk Evaluation

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