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Functional evolutionary developmental biology (evo-devo) of morphological novelties in plants

Journal of Systematics and Evolution 2010年第2期48卷 94-101页

作者： Jisi ZHANG Ying TIAN Li WANG Chaoying HE (State Key Laboratory of Systematic and Evolutionary Botany,Institute of Botany,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100093,China) (State Key Laboratory of Systematic and Evolutionary Botany Institute of Botany Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100093 China) *Correspondence: Chaoying HE *Correspondence: *?Author for correspondence. E-mail: chaoying@*** tel.: 86-10-6283-6085 Fax: 86-10-6259-0843.

The origin of morphological and ecological novelties is a long-standing problem in evolutionary *** these processes requires investigation from both the development and evolution standpoints,which promotes a new research field called "evolutionary developmental biology" (evo-devo).The fundamental mechanism for the origin of a novel structure may involve heterotopy,heterochrony,ectopic expression,or loss of an existing regulatory ***,the morphological and ecological traits controlled by the regulatory genes may be gained,lost,or regained during *** morphological novelties,for example,include homeotic alterations (related to organ identity),symmetric diversity,and changes in the size and morphology of the floral *** gains and losses can potentially arise through modification of the existing regulatory ***,we review current knowledge concerning the origin of novel floral structures,such as "evolutionary homeotic mutated flowers",floral symmetry in various plant species,and inflated calyx syndrome (ICS) within *** evo-devo of the morphological novelties is a central theme of plant evolutionary *** addition,the discussion is extended to consider agronomic or domestication-related traits,including the type,size,and morphology of fruits (berries),within Solanaceae.

关键词： biodiversity development evolution functional evo-devo heterochrony heterotopy morphological novelty

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Reviewing 40 years of artificial intel.igence applied to power systems-A taxonomic perspective

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Energy and AI 2024年第1期15卷 136-150页

作者： F.Heymann H.Quest T.Lopez Garcia C.Ballif M.Galus Swiss Federal Office for Energy(SFOE) Section Geoinformation and Digital InnovationIttigenSwitzerland Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne(EPFL) Photovoltaics and Thin-Film Electronics Laboratory(PV-LAB)Institute of Electrical and Micro Engineering(IEM)NeuchâtelSwitzerland 3S Swiss Solar Solutions AG ThunSwitzerland Swiss Center for Electronics and Microtechnology(CSEM) Sustainable Energy CenterNeuchâtelSwitzerland Digital Energy and Electric Power Lucerne University of Applied Sciences and ArtsLucerneSwitzerland

Artificial intel.igence(AI)as a multi-purpose technology is gaining increased attention and is now widely used across all sectors of the *** growing complexity of planning and operating power systems makes AI extremely valuable for the power *** now,there has been a lack of clarity regarding the specific points along the power system supply chain where AI applications demonstrate significant value,as well as which AI domains are best suited for such *** study employs an AI taxonomy and automated web search to qualitatively and quantitatively unveil the biggest potentials of AI in the power *** analysis,based on a review of 258’919 publications between 1982 and 2022,reveals where AI applications are particularly *** consider six AI domains(reasoning,planning,learning,communication,perception,integration&interaction)and 19 use cases from the power supply chain(i.e.,generation,transmission networks,distribution networks,isolated grids/microgrids,market operations and retail).Our findings indicate that,as of now,the focus is predominantly on AI applications in power retail(55%),transmission(14%)and generation(13%).Most analyzed works describe applications built on algorithms of the AI domains“learning”(45%)and“planning”(14%).Results also suggest that the current definition of AI domains is ambiguous,and they highlight missing information on the actual use and successful implementation of AI in power system use cases.

关键词： Artificial intel.igence Power systems Electricity Taxonomy Policy

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Palynological characters of Glycyrrhiza,Glycyrrhizopsis,and Meristotropis(Leguminosae),with special reference to their taxonomic significance

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Journal of Systematics and Evolution 2010年第6期48卷 455-463页

作者： 1,2Lei MENG 2Xiang-Yun ZHU 1(College of Biological Sciences,China Agricultural University,Beijing 100094,China) 2(Institute of Botany,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100093,China) (College of Biological Sciences China Agricultural University Beijing 100094 China) (Institute of Botany Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100093 China) *Correspondence: Xiang-Yun ZHU *Correspondence: Author for correspondence. E-mail: xiangyunzhu@*** tel.: 86-10-62836111 Fax: 86-10-82594477.

The pollen morphology of 11 species of the genus Glycyrrhiza *** one from each of the genera Glycyrrhizopsis Boiss.& *** Meristotropis Fisch.& *** investigated by scanning electron *** pollen morphology,the main differences between Glycyrrhizopsis and Glycyrrhiza are:Glycyrrhizopsis-pollen grains 36.63 × 40.42 μm in size,oblate spheroidal in shape;and Glycyrrhiza-pollen grains 24.47-33.18 × 23.82-31.83 μm in size,prolate spheroidal in *** and Glycyrrhiza should be recognized as two distinct genera based on palynological and morphological *** and Glycyrrhiza are similar in many important palynological and morphological characters,suggesting that the two should be *** Glycyrrhiza,two types of pollen grains,3-lobed-circular or subtriangular in polar view,are found in different species,in accordance with morphological differences in the two groups,shedding light on the classification and evolution of the genus.

关键词： exine sculpture morphological character pollen morphology taxonomic revision.

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Molecular identification of species in Juglandaceae:A tiered method

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Journal of Systematics and Evolution 2011年第3期49卷 252-260页

作者： 1,2Xiao-Guo XIANG 1,2Jing-Bo ZHANG 1An-Ming LU 1Rui-Qi LI* 1(State Key Laboratory of Systematic and Evolutionary Botany,Institute of Botany,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100093,China) 2(Graduate University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100049,China) (State Key Laboratory of Systematic and Evolutionary Botany Institute of Botany Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100093 China) (Graduate University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 China) *Correspondence: Rui-Qi LI *Correspondence: ?Author for correspondence. E-mail: liruiqi@*** tel.: 86-10-62836447 Fax: 86-10-62590843.

DNA barcoding is a method of species identification and recognition using DNA sequence data.A tiered or multilocus method has been recommended for barcoding plant *** this study,we sampled 196 individuals representing 9 genera and 54 species of Juglandaceae to investigate the utility of the four potential barcoding loci(rbcL,matK,trnH-psbA,and internal transcribed spacer(ITS)).Our results show that all four DNA regions are easy to amplify and *** the four tested DNA regions,ITS has the most variable information,and rbcL has the *** generic level,seven of nine genera can be efficiently identified by *** species level,ITS has higher interspecific p-distance than the trnH-psbA *** to align in the whole family,ITS showed heterogeneous variability among different *** for the monotypic genera(Cyclocarya,Annamocarya,Platycarya),ITS appeared to have limited power for species identification within the Carya and Engelhardia complex,and have no power for Juglans or ***,our results confirmed that a multilocus tiered method for plant barcoding was applicable and *** higher priority,matK is proposed as the first-tier DNA region for genus discrimination,and the second locus at species level should have enough stable variable characters.

关键词： DNA barcoding ITS Juglandaceae matK rbcL trnH-psbA.

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Molecular identification of species in Prunus sect. Persica (Rosaceae), with emphasis on evaluation of candidate barcodes for plants

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Journal of Systematics and Evolution 2011年第2期49卷 138-145页

作者： 1,2 Xu QUAN 1 Shi-Liang ZHOU 1 (State Key Laboratory of Systematic and Evolutionary Botany, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100093, China) 2 (Graduate School of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China) (State Key Laboratory of Systematic and Evolutionary Botany Institute of Botany Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100093 China) (Graduate School of the Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 China) *Correspondence: Shi-Liang ZHOU *Correspondence: Author for correspondence. E-mail: slzhou@*** tel.: 86-10-62836503 Fax: 86-10-62590843.

Species of Prunus L. sect. Persica are not only important fruit trees, but also popular ornamental and medicinal plants. Correct identification of seedlings, barks, or fruit kernels is sometimes required, but no reliable morphological characters are available. Nowadays, the technique of DNA barcoding has the potential to meet such requirements. In this study, we evaluated the suitability of 11 DNA loci (atpB-rbcL, trnH-psbA, trnL-F, trnS-G, atpF-H, rbcL, matK, rpoB, rpoC1, nad1, and internal transcribed spacer [ITS]) as candidate DNA barcodes for peaches, using samples from 38 populations, covering all the species in sect. Persica. On the whole, the primers worked well in this group and sequencing difficulties were met only in the case of ITS locus. Five loci (rbcL, matK, rpoB, rpoC, and nad1) have very low variation rates, whereas atpB-rbcL, atpF-H, trnH-psbA, trnL-F and trnS-G show more variability. The most variable loci, atpB-rbcL and trnH-psbA, can distinguish three of the five species. Two two-locus combinations, atpB-rbcL+trnL-F and atpB-rbcL+atpF-H, can resolve all five species. We also find that identification powers of the loci are method-dependent. The NeighborNet method shows higher species identification power than maximum parsimony, neighbor joining, and unweighted pair group method with arithmetic mean methods.

关键词： atpB-rbcL DNA barcode Prunus sect. Persica trnL-F.

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Expression pattern of CYC-like genes relating to a dorsalized actinomorphic flower in Tengia(Gesneriaceae)

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Journal of Systematics and Evolution 2010年第5期48卷 309-317页

作者： 1Hong-Bo PANG 2Qing-Wen SUN 2Shun-Zhi HE 1Yin-Zheng WANG 1(State Key Laboratory of Systematic and Evolutionary Botany,Institute of Botany,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100093,China) 2(Guiyang College of Traditional Chinese Medicine,Guiyang 550002,China) (State Key Laboratory of Systematic and Evolutionary Botany Institute of Botany Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100093 China) (Guiyang College of Traditional Chinese Medicine Guiyang 550002 China) *Correspondence: Yin-Zheng WANG *Correspondence: ?Author for correspondence. E-mail: wangyz@*** tel.: 86-10-62836474 Fax: 86-10-62590843.

Tengia has been called a "natural peloria" in the family Gesneriaceae because it exhibits an almost perfect actinomorphic flower from whorl one to whorl *** would be especially interesting to know whether or how CYC-like gene activities are related to this type of perfect actinomorphic *** address this,we have isolated four CYC-like TCP genes and carried out an investigation on their expression patterns in ***1C and TsCYC1D have similar expression patterns with strong signals being detected in all five petals and stamens,whereas TsCYC2A and TsCYC2B are only transiently expressed in the very early floral *** results suggest that the expansion of the expressions of TsCYC1C and TsCYC1D from the dorsal to the ventral petals is likely responsible for the evolutionary formation of the fully dorsalized actinomorphic corolla,that is,an expanded functional domain of CYC-like gene dorsal identity in Tengia ***,the expressions of TsCYC1C and TsCYC1D are not correlated with stamen abortion;therefore,TsCYC genes do not functionally repress the stamen development in Tengia *** is probably due to changed cis-activities that result in the cell cycle-related genes uncoupling from the TsCYC regulatory pathway in Tengia.

关键词： actinomorphy CYCLOIDEA dorsalized Gesneriaceae RNA in situ hybridization Tengia.

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Production of male flowers does not decrease with plant sizein insect-pollinated Sagittaria trifolia,contrary to predictionsof size-dependent sex allocation

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Journal of Systematics and Evolution 2011年第5期49卷 379-385页

作者： Bing HAN Xiao-Fan WANG Shuang-Quan HUANG(College of Life Sciences,Wuhan University,Wuhan 430072,China) (College of Life Sciences Wuhan University Wuhan 430072 China) *Correspondence: Shuang-Quan HUANG *Correspondence: E-mail: sqhuang@*** tel.: 86-27-68753553 Fax: 86-27-68752560.

It has been proposed that relative allocation to female function increases with plant size in animalpollinated *** investigations in several monoecious Sagittaria species seem to run contrary to the prediction of size-dependent sex allocation(SDS),throwing doubt on the generalization of *** size,phenotypic gender,and flower production were measured in experimental populations of an aquatic,insect-pollinated herb Sagittaria trifolia(Alismataceae) under highly different *** comparison of ramets produced clonally can reduce confounding effects from genetic and environmental *** the high-density population,48% of ramets were male without female flowers,but in the low-density population all ramets were *** observed allometric growth in reproductive allocation with ramet size,as evident in biomass of reproductive structures and number of ?***,within both populations female and male flower production were isometric with ramet size,in contrast to an allometric growth in femaleness as predicted by *** gender was not related to ramet size in either *** results indicated that large plants may increase both female and male function even in animal-pollinated plants,pointing towards further studies to test the hypothesis of size-dependent sex allocation using different allocation currencies.

关键词： Alismataceae clonal reproduction ?ower production insect-pollinated monoecious Sagittaria trifolia size-dependent sex allocation.

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New universal matK primers for DNA barcoding angiosperms

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Journal of Systematics and Evolution 2011年第3期49卷 176-181页

作者： 1,2Jing YU 1Jian-Hua XUE 1Shi-Liang ZHOU* 1(State Key Laboratory of Systematic and Evolutionary Botany,Institute of Botany,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100093,China) 2(Graduate University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100049,China) (State Key Laboratory of Systematic and Evolutionary Botany Institute of Botany Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100093 China) (Graduate University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 China) *Correspondence: Shi-Liang ZHOU *Correspondence: ?Author for correspondence. E-mail: slzhou@*** tel.: 86-10-6283-6503 Fax: 86-10-6259-0843.

The chloroplast maturase K gene(matK) is one of the most variable coding genes of angiosperms and has been suggested to be a "barcode" for land ***,matK exhibits low amplification and sequencing rates due to low universality of currently available primers and mononucleotide *** resolve these technical problems,we evaluated the entire matK region to find a region of 600-800 bp that is highly variable,represents the best of all matK regions with priming sites conservative enough to design universal primers,and avoids the mononucleotide *** careful evaluation,a region in the middle was chosen and a pair of primers named matK472F and matK1248R was designed to amplify and sequence the matK fragment of approximatel. 776 *** region encompasses the most variable sites,represents the entire matK region best,and also exhibits high amplification rates and quality of *** universality of this primer pair was tested using 58 species from 47 families of angiosperm *** primers showed a strong amplification(93.1%) and sequencing(92.6%) successes in the species *** propose that the new primers will solve,in part,the problems encountered when using matK and promote the adoption of matK as a DNA barcode for angiosperms.

关键词： angiosperm DNA barcoding matK primer.

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Distribution of tanshinones in the genus Salvia (family Lamiaceae) from China and its systematic significance

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Journal of Systematics and Evolution 2010年第2期48卷 118-122页

作者： 1,2Min-Hui LI 1Yong PENG 1Pei-Gen XIAO 1(Institute of Medicinal Plant Development,Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College,Beijing 100094,China) 2(Baotou Medical College,Baotou 014060,China) (Institute of Medicinal Plant Development Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College Beijing 100094 China) (Baotou Medical College Baotou 014060 China) *Correspondence: Pei-Gen XIAO *Correspondence: *?Author for correspondence. E-mail: xiaopg@*** tel.: 86-10-6301-1294 Fax: 86-10-6281-8235.

Salvia L.(family Lamiaceae),a large genus of over 1000 species,is widely distributed throughout tropical and temperate regions of the ***-four species are native to ***,there are many taxonomic uncertainties at the sub-generic *** are a class of secondary metabolites with a large variety of structures that have been used as chemotaxonomic markers at infra-and suprageneric *** the sake of further chemotaxonomic understanding of Salvia,the present study investigated the distribution of tanshinones,a group of biologically active diterpenes known to be present in some Chinese members of the *** high-pressure liquid chromatography with a diode array detector,tanshinones in various Salvia species were determined and the distribution supported the circumscription of *** in the original sense of ***,the distribution of tanshinones provides a valuable chemotaxonomic tool for determining infrageneric differences within Salvia.

关键词： chemotaxonomy high-pressure liquid chromatography (HPLC) Salvia tanshinones

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Confirmation of a natural hybrid species in Petrocosmea(Gesneriaceae) based on molecular and morphological evidence

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Journal of Systematics and Evolution 2011年第5期49卷 449-463页

作者： 1,3~Zhi-Jing QIU 2~Zu-Li YUAN 1~Zhen-Yu LI 1~Yin-Zheng WANG 1(State Key Laboratory of Systematic and Evolutionary Botany,Institute of Botany,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100093,China) 2(Henan Agricultural University,Zhengzhou 45002,China) 3(Graduate School of the Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100049,China) (State Key Laboratory of Systematic and Evolutionary Botany Institute of Botany Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100093 China) (Henan Agricultural University Zhengzhou 45002 China) (Graduate School of the Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 China) *Correspondence: Yin-Zheng WANG *Correspondence: E-mail: wangyz@*** tel.: 86-10-62836474 Fax: 86-10-62590843.

A natural hybrid species in Petrocosmea named Longianthera in Yanshan County,Yunnan Province is confirmed for the first time based on molecular and morphological *** character count procedure of the variable characters show that Longianthera populations are characteristic of the intermediate morphological traits between its putative parents Yanshan and Petrocosmea *** nuclear ribosomal internal transcribed spacer region and three chloroplast regions of matK,trnL-F,and trnT-L are sequenced in the putative hybrid and the related *** alignment of DNA sequences and the phylogenetic trees could exclude all the other species in Petrocosmea as the parental species except for Yanshan and *** haplotypes in the 31 internal transcribed spacer sequences and six haplotypes in 42 cpDNA sequences were found from 14 individuals of Longianthera *** analyses of DNA sequences,haplotypes,and phylogenetic trees indicate that Longianthera is likely a hybrid species between its putative parents Yanshan and ***,in which Yanshan might be the most possible maternal *** factors may contribute to the natural hybridization between these two parental species in Petrocosmea,such as the overlapped geographic distribution,habitats,flowering periods,and shared ***,the new species of Yanshan and the natural hybrid species of Longianthera are described.

关键词： chloroplast DNA Gesneriaceae ITS morphology natural hybridization Petrocosmea.

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