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Space weathering characteristics of lunar permanently shadowed regions soils:Evidence from experimental simulation

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Acta Geochimica 2025年第1期44卷 1-10页

作者： Zixuan Han Yang Li Chen Li Ronghua Pang Sizhe Zhao Zhuang Guo Kairui Tai Rui Li Zhenhao Hu Li Liu center for Lunar and Planetary sciences Institute of GeochemistryChinese Academy of SciencesGuiyangChina University of Chinese Academy of sciences BeijingChina center for Excellence in Comparative Planetology Chinese Academy of SciencesHefeiChina State Key Laboratory of Lunar and Planetary sciences Macao University of Science and TechnologyMacaoChina NWU-HKU Joint center of Earth and Planetary sciences Department of GeologyNorthwest UniversityXi’anChina International center for Planetary Science Chengdu University of TechnologyChengduChina Deep Space Exploration Lab BeijingChina

Permanently shadowed regions(PSRs)on the Moon are potential reservoirs for water ice,making them hot spots for future lunar *** water ice in PSRs would cause distinctive changes in space weathering there,in particular reduction-oxidation processes that diff er from those in illuminated *** determine the characteristics of products formed during space weathering in PSRs,the lunar meteorite NWA 10203 with artifi cially added water was irradiated with a nanosecond laser to simulate a micro-meteorite bombardment of lunar soil containing water *** TEM results of the water-incorporated sample showed distinct amorphous rims that exhibited irregular thickness,poor stratifi cation,the appearance of bubbles,and a reduced number of npFe^(0).Additionally,EELS analysis showed the presence of ferric iron at the rim of the nanophase metallic iron particles(npFe^(0))in the amorphous rim with the involvement of *** results suggest that water ice is another possible factor contributing to oxidation during micrometeorite bombardment on the lunar *** addition,it off ers a reference for a new space weathering model that incorporates water in PSRs,which could be widespread on asteroids with volatiles.

关键词： Space weathering Permanently shadowed regions The Moon laser irradiation Water ice

Highly conductive and stable iodine doped argyrodite electrolyte for all-solid-state lithium batteries

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2025年第1期100卷 50-58页

作者： Gaozhan Liu Jing Zhang Jing Yang Jinghui Chen Xingyue Xiao Xiayin Yao Ningbo Institute of Materials technology and Engineering Chinese Academy of SciencesNingbo 315201ZhejiangChina center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China

Lithium argyrodites with high ionic conductivity and low cost are considered as one of the most prospective solid electrolytes for all-solid-state lithium ***,the poor chemical stability and compatibility with lithium metal limit their ***,Li_(5.4)PS_(4.4)Cl1.4I0.2solid electrolyte with high ionic conductivity of 11.49 m S ccm^(-1)and improved chemical stability is synthesized by iodine *** ultra-thin Li_(5.4)PS_(4.4)Cl_(1.4)I_(0.2)membrane with thickness of 10μm can be obtained by wet coating process,exhibiting a high ionic conductivity of 2.09 mS ccm^(-1)and low areal resistance of 1.17Ωcm^(-2).Moreover,iodine doping could in-situ form LiI at the lithium/electrolyte interface and improve the critical current density of Li_(5.4)PS_(4.4)Cl_(1.6)from 0.8 to 1.35 mA cm^(-2).The resultant LiCoO_(2)/Li_(5.4)PS_(4.4)Cl_(1.4)I_(0.2)/Li battery shows excellent cycling stability at 1 C,with a reversible specific capacity of 110.1 mA h g^(-1)and a retention of 80.5% after 1000 *** addition,the assembled LiCoO_(2)/Li_(5.4)PS_(4.4)Cl_(1.4)I_(0.2)membrane/Li pouch cell delivers an initial discharge capacity of 110.4 mA h g^(-1)and 80.5% capacity retention after 100 cycles.

关键词： Argyrodite electrolytes lodine doping lonic conductivity Stability All-solid-state lithium battery

Occurrence of phthalate esters in the yellow and Yangtze rivers of china:Risk assessment and source apportionment

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Journal of Environmental sciences 2025年第3期149卷 628-637页

作者： Qinkui Miao Wenxiang Ji Huiyu Dong Ying Zhang College of Environmental Science and Engineering Nankai UniversityTianjin 300350China Key Laboratory of Drinking Water Science and technology Research Center for Eco-Environmental SciencesChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100085China

Phthalate esters(PAEs),recognized as endocrine disruptors,are released into the environment during usage,thereby exerting adverse ecological *** study investigates the occurrence,sources,and risk assessment of PAEs in surface water obtained from 36 sampling points within the Yellow River and Yangtze River *** total concentration of PAEs in the Yellow River spans from124.5 to 836.5 ng/L,with Dimethyl phthalate(DMP)(75.4±102.7 ng/L)and Diisobutyl phthalate(DiBP)(263.4±103.1 ng/L)emerging as the predominant *** exhibit a pattern of upstream(512.9±202.1 ng/L)>midstream(344.5±135.3 ng/L)>downstream(177.8±46.7 ng/L).In the Yangtze River,the total concentration ranges from 81.9 to 441.6 ng/L,with DMP(46.1±23.4 ng/L),Diethyl phthalate(DEP)(93.3±45.2 ng/L),and DiBP(174.2±67.6 ng/L)as the primary *** levels follow a midstream(324.8±107.3 ng/L)>upstream(200.8±51.8 ng/L)>downstream(165.8±71.6 ng/L)*** should be directed towards the moderate ecological risks of DiBP in the upstream of HH,and both the upstream and midstream of CJ need consideration for the moderate ecological risks associated with Di-n-octyl phthalate(DNOP).Conversely,in other regions,the associated risk with PAEs is either low or *** main source of PAEs in Yellow River is attributed to the release of construction land,while in the Yangtze River Basin,it stems from the accumulation of pollutants in lakes and forests discharged into the *** findings are instrumental for pinpointing sources of PAEs pollution and formulating control strategies in the Yellow and Yangtze Rivers,providing valuable insights for global PAEs research in other major rivers.

关键词： Phthalates Spatial variation Potential sources Risk assessment

Selenate-based heterojunction with cobalt-nickel paired site for electrocatalytic oxidation of 5-hydroxymethylfurfural coupling water splitting to produce hydrogen

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2025年第2期101卷 156-162页

作者： Zhengru Yang Jia Hui Wangxi Fan Pengcheng Liu Chunyong Zhang Shuang Dong Zhou Yang Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering & Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Clean Energy Storage and Conversion Jiangsu University of Technology Engineering technology and Materials Research center China Academy of Transportation Sciences School of Chemical Engineering and Materials Changzhou Institute of Technology

It is very appealing that 5-hydroxymethylfurfural（HMF） is electrocatalytical oxidized as 2,5-furandicarboxylic acid（FDCA） linking to non-classical cathodic hydrogen（H2） ***,the electrocatalysts for electrocatalytic HMF oxidative reaction（e-HMFOR） have been facing low Faradaic efficiency（FE） and high water splitting ***,we propose a strategy of the NiSeO3@（CoSeO3）4heterojunction by constructing a Co-Ni paired site,where the Co site is in charge of adsorbing for HMF while the electrons are transferred to the Ni site,thus giving the NiSeO3@（CoSeO3）4heterojunction superior electrocata lytic performances for e-HMFOR and water *** optimizing conditions,the NiSeO3@（CoSeO3）4heterojunction has high conversion of 99.7%,high selectivity of 99.9%,and high FE of 98.4% at 1.3 V,as well as low cell voltage of 1.31 V at 10 mA cm-2in 1 M KOH+0.1 M *** study offers a potential insight for e-HMFOR to high value-added FDCA coupling water splitting to produce H2in an economical manner.

关键词： Co-Ni paired site e-HMFOR FDCA Heterojunction Hydrogen evolution

A general stabilizing strategy based on vitamin C for n-type organic semiconductors

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Science China Materials 2025年第1期68卷 303-304页

作者： Hui Huang College of Materials Science and Opto-Electronic technology Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics EngineeringUniversity of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 101408China

Organic semiconductors (OSCs), as an emerging next-generation semiconductor material, hold promising prospects in fields such as flexible displays, electronic skins, smart healthcare,and the Internet of Things, due to their excellent flexibility,solution processability, and tunable band structures [1,2]. These molecules are often classified into n-type and p-type, depending on whether the prevalent charge carriers are electrons or holes[3].

关键词： tunable semiconductors smart

The potential of Ca isotopes to trace subducted marine carbonates in deep mantle

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Journal of Oceanology and Limnology 2025年第1期43卷 29-40页

作者： Hongli ZHU Renqiang LIAO Long DU Zhaofeng ZHANG Key Laboratory of Ocean Observation and Forecasting Center of Deep Sea ResearchInstitute of OceanographyChinese Academy of SciencesQingdao 266071China Laboratory for Marine Geology Qingdao Marine Science and Technology CenterQingdao 266237China College of Earth Science and Engineering Shandong University of Science and TechnologyQingdao 266590China Research center for Planetary Science College of Earth SciencesChengdu University of TechnologyChengdu 610059China

Marine carbonates,the major carrier of carbon upon the upper crust,can be subducted into the Earth’s interior along with oceanic crust,and then returned to the surface through magmatism,which constitute the deep carbon *** process plays an important role in modulating the CO_(2) concentrations in the atmosphere over geologic time,and thus the forming of the habitable ***,identifying recycled marine carbonates in the mantle is critical to well understand the global deep carbon *** is one of the major constituent cations in marine carbonates and its isotopes may be a potential tracer for recycled marine carbonates in the *** further evaluate the capability and challenges of Ca isotopes as such a geochemical tracer,we reviewed the Ca isotopic compositions in important reservoirs and the behavior of Ca isotopes during high-temperature geological processes that are related to the deep carbon cycle,including plate subduction,mantle metasomatism,mantle partial melting,magma differentiation,*** studies show that carbonate-rich marine sediments have significantly lowerδ^(44/40) Ca than the Earth mantle,and metasomatism by such recycled materials can cause lighter Ca isotopic compositions in deep mantle-derived rocks than those of the depleted mantle and mid ocean ridge ***,the Ca isotopic fractionation during partial melting of mantle peridotites is small(~0.10‰)and the Ca isotopic fractionation during plate subduction and intermediate-mafic magma evolution is *** investigations suggest that Ca isotopes have great advances in tracing such recycled materials in the ***,other processes(such as the influence by partial melts of eclogites)may induce similar effects on mantle-derived rocks as subducted marine carbonates but still remains debated,and thus further investigations are strongly needed in the future.

关键词： Ca isotope marine carbonate mantle metasomatism partial melting fractional crystallization

Multiphysics simulation and optimization of the in-situ beneficiation process of ilmenite minerals from lunar regolith

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Science China Earth sciences 2025年第1期68卷 195-207页

作者： Peng ZHANG Xin LIU Guanghui LIU Wei DAI Hanzhe YANG Haibo ZHENG Zhi WANG Ran NIU Yifan BAI Yang ZHANG Chengbao LIU Ge YANG Junwei YANG Guang ZHANG technology and Engineering center for Space Utilization Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100094China Beijing Hegong Simulation Co. LtdBeijing100089China

The exploration and utilization of lunar resources have become the major objectives of future lunar exploration *** classified collection and processing of lunar minerals is the basic prerequisite for the in-situ exploration and utilization of lunar *** this study,we propose a scheme for in-situ separation of magnetic minerals from lunar soils using the dry magnetic separation *** scheme can realize the purpose of separating magnetic minerals from lunar regolith by altering the motion trajectory of lunar regolith particles with different magnetic *** modeling of the dry magnetic separation device is conducted,and the three-dimensional distribution of magnetic parameters is calculated and *** on the characterization and analysis of the Chang E-5's samples,the morphologies and physical parameters of lunar regolith particles are modeled and simulated.A discrete element simulation of the motion process of lunar regolith particles under multi-physical field conditions is performed,and the influences of key parameters on the beneficiation performance of lunar magnetic minerals are *** results indicate that optimal separation and beneficiation of lunar regolith particles can be achieved under specific conditions of magnetic field strength and drum ***,we analyze the effects of lunar weak gravity conditions and the charged nature of lunar particles on the beneficiation process,showing that these factors can obviously enhance the beneficiation process of lunar *** study demonstrates the feasibility of using the dry magnetic separation method for the beneficiation of magnetic minerals from lunar regolith,providing a theoretical basis for the scientific tasks of collecting,processing,and utilizing lunar mineral resources.

关键词： Lunar regolith In-situ resource utilization Magnetic separation Classified sampling

Tectonic modes of mantle convection and their implications for Earth's tectonic evolution based on three-dimensional numerical simulations

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Science China Earth sciences 2025年第1期68卷 270-296页

作者： Song XIANG Jinshui HUANG Bingcheng WU School of Earth and Space sciences University of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei230026China CAS center of Excellence in Comparative Planetary Studies Hefei230026China

Five tectonic modes of mantle convection are obtained and analyzed with three-dimensional numerical models in a spherical shell *** five tectonic convective modes are non-plate mobile-lid,plate-like mobile-lid,episodic plate-like mobile-lid,episodic stagnant-lid,and stagnant-lid convective modes,*** typical characteristics of these five tectonic modes and their numerical classification criteria based on plateness,mobility,and their standard deviations are presented and *** results show that the yield stress of the lithosphere has profound effects on the tectonic convective *** the gradual increase of yield stress,the tectonic mode of mantle convection changes from one to another sequentially through the aforementioned five ***,as the Rayleigh number increases,the range of yield stress for the platelike mobile-lid convective mode decreases,and the dimensionless transition stress between different tectonic modes ***,the dimensional transition stress between the non-plate mobile-lid convective mode and plate-like mobile-lid convective mode increases with the increase of Rayleigh number,but decreases between other tectonic ***,we find that the transition stress between different tectonic modes is inversely proportional to the internal heating rate,with the transition stress decreasing as the internal heating rate *** fitting analysis of the transition stress between tectonic modes shows that Earth's current plate tectonics correspond to a lithospheric yield stress of 150–250 MPa,which aligns with the strength of serpentinized mantle rock determined by experimental *** the Archean mantle was 300℃warmer than it is today,then the Earth was in an episodic stagnant-lid convective *** tectonic evolution of the Earth's surface is closely related to the lithospheric strength and the process of thermal *** the lithospheric strength was only 150 MPa,plate tecton

关键词： Tectonic mode of mantle convection Plate-like mobile-lid convection Episodic plate-like mobile-lid convection Episodic stagnant-lid convection Plate tectonics and tectonic evolution of the Earth

Predicting the efficiency of arsenic immobilization in soils by biochar using machine learning

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Journal of Environmental sciences 2025年第1期147卷 259-267页

作者： Jin-Man Cao Yu-Qian Liu Yan-Qing Liu Shu-Dan Xue Hai-Hong Xiong Chong-Lin Xu Qi Xu Gui-Lan Duan State Key Lab of Urban and Regional Ecology Research Center for Eco-Environmental SciencesChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100085China Henan Institute of Advanced technology Zhengzhou UniversityZhengzhou 450052China University of Chinese Academy of sciences Beijing 100049China

Arsenic(As)pollution in soils is a pervasive environmental *** immobilization offers a promising solution for addressing soil As *** efficiency of biochar in immobilizing As in soils primarily hinges on the characteristics of both the soil and the ***,the influence of a specific property on As immobilization varies among different studies,and the development and application of arsenic passivation materials based on biochar often rely on empirical *** enhance immobilization efficiency and reduce labor and time costs,a machine learning(ML)model was employed to predict As immobilization efficiency before biochar *** this study,we collected a dataset comprising 182 data points on As immobilization efficiency from 17 publications to construct three ML *** results demonstrated that the random forest(RF)model outperformed gradient boost regression tree and support vector regression models in predictive *** importance analysis and partial dependence plots based on the RF model were conducted to identify the most crucial factors influencing As *** findings highlighted the significant roles of biochar application time and biochar pH in As immobilization efficiency in ***,the study revealed that Fe-modified biochar exhibited a substantial improvement in As *** insights can facilitate targeted biochar property design and optimization of biochar application conditions to enhance As immobilization efficiency.

关键词： Biochar Arsenic immobilization Soil Machine learning