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Difference in microstructural characteristics of stamp-charged co.e and gravity-charged co.e with approximate macrosco.ic performance

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Journal of iron and steel Research(International) 2024年第5期31卷 1050-1062页

作者： Chong Zou Zheng-yan Huang Jian-yun Li Bin Li Shi-wei Liu Yuan She School of Metallurgical Engineering Xi’an University of Architecture and TechnologyXi’an710311ShaanxiChina technical center of shandong iron and steel co. Ltd.(Laiwu Branch)Jinan271104ShandongChina

The microstructural characteristics including optical texture,porosity and pore structure and chemical structure of stamp-charged co.e(SCC)and gravity-charged co.e(GCC)with similar co.ventional macro-indicators were investigated,and the properties including micro-strength,reactivity of co.e matrix and that after alkali enrichment were co.paratively studied by various characterization methods.The anisotropic structure of SCC is co.posed of high co.tent of fine mosaic texture,while the co.tent of medium mosaic texture,co.rse texture and fibrous texture is low.The statistical average shows that the fine mosaic average of SCC(24.89%)is 3.78 times the GCC average(6.58%),and the co.rse mosaic average(1.24%)is only about 1/3 of the GCC average(3.43%).The porosity of SCC is lower than that of GCC,but tamping process does not lead to the fact that the number of closed pores of SCC is significantly lower than that of GCC.Although the structure of SCC is co.pact,its pore number is large and the pore wall is thin.Pores of co.e with diameter less than 150 nm seem unaffected by tamping process.The aromatic structure of SCC was less ordered than that of GCC,which was speculated to be related to the addition of more low metamorphic co.l in co.ing.The microsco.ic strength and structural strength of SCC are lower than those of GCC.The reactivity of co.e matrix is affected by the specific surface area,but it is not the determining factor of its macro-reactivity.The improvement in dissolution reactivity of co.e after potassium enrichment is independent of co.e type.

关键词： Stamp-charged co.e Optical texture Porosity Microstructure Reactivity

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Review on regulation of MnS in non-qquenched and tempered steel

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Journal of iron and steel Research(International) 2024年第4期31卷 779-789页

作者： Guo-xing Qiu Qing Du Feng Lu De-jun Miao Yong-kun Yang Xiao-ming Li School of Metallurgical Engineering Xi'an University of Architecture and TechnologyXi'an 710055ShaanxiChina Laigang Technique center Shandong Iron and Steel Group Co.Ltd.Jinan 271104ShandongChina

An overview of the current research status and co.trol methods of MnS in non-quenched and tempered steel was provided.As a low-melting plastic inclusion,the morphology and distribution of MnS were influenced by various production processes.Therefore,co.trol of MnS is a systematic problem that must be integrated into the entire production process.Based on the production process,the factors affecting the morphology and distribution of MnS in steel were introduced.The effects of oxygen activity,manganese,sulfur,and some alloys on MnS inclusion precipitation were summarized,mainly including MnS modification treatment and oxygen-sulfide co.posite precipitation co.trol.It is believed that MnS precipitates during the solidification process of steel,and co.trolling the solidification co.ling rate co.ld effectively regulate the size and morphology of MnS,avoiding the precipitation of II-MnS.Additionally,by changing the deformation rate,deformation amount,deformation temperature during the hot deformation process,and heating time and temperature during heat treatment,the distribution and morphology of MnS co.ld be improved.Through the fine co.trol of the above process parameters,the number of II-MnS in steel co.ld be effectively reduced,and their morphology co.ld be improved,thereby enhancing the performance of non-quenched and tempered steel and promoting its wider application.Furthermore,applying laboratory research results to industrial production is an important direction for future research efforts in this field.

关键词： MnS Non-quenched and tempered steel co.trol technology Process parameter Morphology Distribution

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co.parison of co.rosion mechanisms of 510L low alloy steel treated by ACS and EPS techniques under various service environments

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Journal of iron and steel Research(International) 2024年第2期31卷 501-518页

作者： Bao-sheng Liu Peng-fei Xu Shao-hua Zhang Yan-rui Li Li-ming Mou Jia-li Li Yue-zhong Zhang Pei-mao Fu Fa-cai Shi co.lege of Materials Science and Engineering Taiyuan University of Science and TechnologyTaiyuan030024ShanxiChina co.lege of Chemical and Biological Engineering Taiyuan University of Science and TechnologyTaiyuan030024ShanxiChina technical center Taiyuan Iron and Steel(Group)Co.Ltd.Taiyuan030003ShanxiChina

The co.rosion mechanism of 510L low alloy steel treated by acid-cleaned surface(ACS)and eco.pickled surface(EPS)techniques in three simulated solutions(S0:atmospheric environment;S1:soil environment;S2:industrial environment)and the influence of interaction between different co.rosive anions on co.rosion were investigated.The results show that the total co.rosion rates of samples in three simulated solutions were in order of S2>S0>S1,which is simultaneously co.related with initial co.rosion dissolution processes as well as after the formation of co.rosion products.Hco.−will inhibit the initial co.rosion owing to the formation of films,whereas HSO3−will accelerate the dissolutions of the matrix based on the synergistic action of HSO3−and Cl−.On the other hand,there is no significant difference in co.rosion rates between the samples treated by ACS and EPS techniques.The EPS technique that is safe,reusable and environmentally friendly can be further widely used in future work.

关键词： co.rosion mechanism Low alloy steel Simulated solution Surface technique Immersion time

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Effect of Direct Aging on co.rosion Behavior of AlSi10Mg Alloy Fabricated by Laser Powder Bed Fusion

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Acta Metallurgica Sinica(English Letters) 2024年第2期37卷 266-282页

作者： Zhen Zhang Zhanyong Zhao Xiaofeng Li Beibei Wang Peikang Bai Shanxi Key Laboratory of co.trolled Metal Solidification and Precision Manufacturing School of Materials Science and EngineeringNorth University of ChinaTaiyuan030051China technical center Taiyuan Iron and Steel(Group)Co.LtdTaiyuan030003China School of Materials Science and Engineering Taiyuan University of Science and TechnologyTaiyuan030024China

Effect of direct aging of 170℃on co.rosion behavior of laser powder bed fused AlSi10Mg(LPBF-AlSi10Mg)was studied by microstructure analysis,electrochemical analysis and X-ray photoelectron spectrometer.The results show that direct aging of 170℃has little effect on melt pool and Si cellular structure,but promotes the precipitation of nano-Si particles and releases the residual stress.With increasing aging time from 0 to 4 h to 24 h,the co.rosion property of the LPBF-AlSi10Mg is deteriorated,which is evidenced by increased co.rosion current density and decreased pitting potential and polarization resistance.With increasing the aging time,the thickness of the oxide film formed on surface of the LPBF-AlSi10Mg increases.The Si co.tent of the oxide film of the sample aging for 4 h is the lowest,9.42 at.%,and it is the highest,18.62 at.%,for the sample aging for 24 h.The electrochemical noise analysis reveals that the middle-frequency co.tribution of the Hilbert spectrum is responsible for the deteriorated co.rosion performance,which co.responds to metastable pitting initiated by nano-Si particles.

关键词： Laser powder bed fusion AlSi10Mg Direct aging co.rosion

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Hydrogen storage thermodynamics and kinetics of as-cast Ce-Mg-Ni-based alloy

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Journal of iron and steel Research(International) 2024年第3期31卷 752-766页

作者： Yan Qi Xin Zhang Jun Li Dong-liang Zhao Shi-hai Guo Yang-huan Zhang Department of Functional Material Research Central Iron and Steel Research InstituteBeijing 100081China China Rare Earth New Material(Weishan)co..Ltd. Jining 277600ShandongChina co.laborative Innovation center of Integrated Exploitation of Bayan Obo Multi-Metal Resources Inner Mongolia University of Science and TechnologyBaotou 014010Inner MongoliaChina

The reaction kinetics of alloys based on magnesium are known to be greatly improved by the partial substitution of Mg with rare earths and transition metals,particularly Ni.The enhanced superficial hydrogen dissociation rate,the weakened Mg-H bond and the lower activation energy following element replacement are thought to be related to the better performance.The experimental alloys Ce5Mg_(95-x)Ni_(x)(x=5,10,15)were smelted by the vacuum induction melting.The phase transformation and structural evolution of experimental alloys before and after reaction with hydrogen were char-acterized by X-ray diffraction,scanning electron microsco.y and transmission electron microsco.y.The cast specimens co.tain CeMg_(12),Mg and Mg_(2)Ni phases,and the increase in Ni co.tent results in an obvious growth of Mg_(2)Ni phase.The isothermal and non-isothermal hydrogenation and dehydrogenation kinetics of the experimental specimens were investi-gated using the Sievert apparatus,differential scanning calorimetry and thermal gravimetric analyzer.The activation energy may be calculated using the Arrhenius and Kissinger equations.The experimental alloys have been shown to have good activation properties,with a reversible hydriding and dehydriding capacities of around 5.0 wt.%in the first cycle.The initial dehydrogenation temperature of MgH_(2) decreases from 557.5 to 537.7 K with changing Ni co.tent from 5 to 15 at.%.The dehydrogenation activation energy also reduces from 77.09 to 62.96 kJ/mol,which explains the improved hydrogen storage performance caused by Ni substitution.It can be shown that the impact of Ni on the deco.position enthalpy of MgH_(2) is quite modest,with the absolute enthalpy(ΔHr)only decreasing from 78.48 to 76.15 kJ/mol.

关键词： Mg-based alloy Ni co.tent Hydrogen storage kinetics Thermodynamic property Activation energy

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Propagation form of internal cracks induced by co.tinuous casting soft reduction and co.trol strategy for internal quality

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Journal of iron and steel Research(International) 2024年第3期31卷 622-633页

作者： Pu Wang Liang Chen Qun-wei Tang Wei-tao Li Shao-xiang Li Jia-quan Zhang School of Metallurgical and Eco.ogical Engineering University of Science and Technology BeijingBeijing 100083China Weifang Special steel Group co..Ltd. Weifang 262400ShandongChina School of Materials Science and Engineering Tsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China

The propagation form of internal cracks induced by co.tinuous casting soft reduction and the co.trol strategy for enhancing the internal quality of 45 steel through industrial trials and a three-dimensional flow-heat transfer-solidification co.pling model were investigated.The results showed that the internal cracks induced by soft reduction exhibited a characteristic of being"co.rse in the middle and fine at both ends",and displayed an elliptical arc distribution on the loose side of the strand cross section.The cracks originated within the brittle temperature range and propagated inward to the liquid impenetrable temperature and outward to the zero ductility temperature or below.The co.trol strategy for enhancing the internal quality of the 45 steel strand through soft reduction is to adjust the casting speed or the reduction zone appropriately,ensuring that the central solid fraction of the reduction zone falls within the range of 0.33-0.99.At this point,a reasonable reduction amount is allocated to eliminate the center shrinkage cavities and center segregation,even if it results in minor reduction-induced cracks.

关键词： co.tinuous casting Soft reduction Crack propagation Internal quality co.trol strategy

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co.parison of semi-co.e with traditional pulverized co.l injection and iron ore sintering fuels based on chemical structure and co.bustion behavior

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Journal of iron and steel Research(International) 2022年第5期29卷 725-740页

作者： Jiang-yong He Chong Zou Jun-xue Zhao Dong Liang Jia-le Xi Cheng Ma School of Metallurgical Engineering Xi’an University of Architecture and TechnologyXi’an710311ShaanxiChina technical center of shandong iron and steel co. Ltd.(Laiwu Branch)Jinan271104ShandongChina

Substantial semi-co.e has been produced through the industrialized low-temperature pyrolysis process,which has great potential as an alternative fuel for pulverized co.l injection(PCI)and iron ore sintering.X-ray diffraction,Raman spectrosco.e,and thermal analysis were used to co.pare the carbon chemical structure and co.bustion reactivity of semi-co.e,pulverized co.l,and co.e breeze.The results show that the average volatile matter co.tent in 46 types of semi-co.es is 8.94 wt.%.The fluctuation range of the characteristic parameters of the semi-co.e chemical structure is d_(002)=(0.352–0.379)nm and A_(D1)/A_(G)=(2.51–7.92),while the fluctuation range of the characteristic parameters of pulverized co.l is d_(002)=(0.348–0.373)nm and A_(D1)/A_(G)=(1.71–9.03)(where d_(002)means the interlayer spacing between the aromatic planes,and A_(D1)/A_(G)is an index that characterizes the degree of disorder of the char structure through the area ratio of the defect peak band D1 to the perfect graphite peak band G);the overlap between these ranges is relatively high.co.trarily,the fluctuation range of the characteristic parameters of co.e breeze is d_(002)=(0.343–0.350)nm and A_(D1)/A_(G)=(0.75–2.51),which is markedly different from that of semi-co.e.Semi-co.e co.bustion reactivity is close to that of pulverized co.l,but co.siderably better than that of co.e breeze.In terms of chemical structure and co.bustion reactivity,semi-co.e can be used as an alternative fuel for PCI;however,when used for sintering alternative fuel,matching of the heat supply and demand in the later sintering stage must be scrupulously analyzed.

关键词： Semi-co.e co.e Blast furnace Pulverized co.l injection co.bustion

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Enhancing strength of an ultra-low-carbon weathering steel to 700 MPa by adjusting Ti co.tent

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Journal of iron and steel Research(International) 2023年第12期30卷 2494-2504页

作者： Tian-en Peng Zhi-wei Lian Yuan-yang Zhang Bo He Xue-wen Hu Tao Zhu Bo Jiang School of Materials Science and Engineering University of Science and Technology BeijingBeijing100083China technical center Ma’anshan Iron&Steel Co.Ltd.Ma’anshan243041AnhuiChina

The microstructure and mechanical properties of a traditional Ti-microalloyed weathering steel were analyzed,and the strength was improved by proposing an optimized Ti co.tent.The yield strength and elongation of the steel were 640 MPa and 25.5%,respectively.The microstructure was ferrite and pearlite,and the average grain size was 5.4μm.The precipitates were mainly TiC with the size below 20 nm,and the average diameter was 18.2 nm.The yield strength of the newly proposed weathering steel with Ti co.tent of 0.018%higher than that of the traditional steel reached up to 709 MPa,and the elongation was 23.5%.The ferrite grain was refined to 3.8μm,the fraction of TiC under 10 nm was obviously increased,and the average diameter of particles was 9.8 nm.The increase in Ti also promoted the recrystallization process,thus leading to the reduction in dislocation density.The yield strength of the newly proposed weathering steel was increased to higher than 700 MPa by adjusting the Ti co.tent mainly resulting from three aspects:grain refinement,precipitation and dislocation strengthening.The co.tributed values were 45,64 and–40 MPa,respectively.

关键词： Ti microalloying Weathering steel Microstructure Strength Plasticity

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Insight on co.rosion behavior of a Cu-P-Cr-Ni steel with different Ni co.tents by electrochemical and periodic immersion co.rosion experiments

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Journal of iron and steel Research(International) 2023年第3期30卷 580-590页

作者： Zhi-wei Lian Tian-en Peng Shuang Hu Bo He Xue-wen Hu Tao Zhu Bo Jiang School of Materials Science and Engineering University of Science and Technology BeijingBeijing 100083China technical center Ma’anshan Iron&Steel Co.Ltd.Ma’anshan 243041AnhuiChina

co.rosion behavior of Cu-P-Cr-Ni weathering steels with different nickel co.tents was studied by periodic immersion co.rosion test for 72 h.The mass loss method was used to evaluate the weatherability of weathering steel.The rust layers formed on weathering steel were characterized by scanning electron microsco.y,X-ray diffraction,electron probe microanalysis,X-ray photoelectron spectrosco.y,and electrochemical measurements.The results of periodic immersion co.rosion test for 72 h showed that the mass loss rates of Cu-P-Cr-0.14Ni steel and Cu-P-Cr-0.04Ni steel were 1.57 and 1.61 g/(m^(2)h),respectively.Acco.ding to the electrochemical experiment,the co.rosion potentials of the two tested steels at the initial stage of co.rosion were-0.6852 and-0.7037 V,respectively.With the co.rosion time reaching 72 h,the co.rosion potential difference between the two tested steels was gradually reduced.In the initial stage,NiO was formed in the rust layer and can dramatically promote the crystallization of co.rosion products to improve the stability of the rust layer.After periodic immersion co.rosion test for 72 h,Ni element had no obvious effect.At this time,it was mainly the enrichment of Cu and Cr elements in the form of CuO and Cr_(2)O_(3)in the rust layer that co.ld further protect the matrix.

关键词： Weathering steel Ni Electrochemical experiment Periodic immersion co.rosion co.rosion behavior

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A deep learning-based method for segmentation and quantitative characterization of microstructures in weathering steel from sequential scanning electron microsco.e images

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Journal of iron and steel Research(International) 2022年第5期29卷 836-845页

作者： Bing Han Wei-hao Wan Dan-dan Sun Cai-chang Dong Lei Zhao Hai-zhou Wang Beijing Advanced Innovation center for Materials Genome Engineering Central Iron&Steel Research InstituteBeijing100081China Qingdao NCS Testing&co.rosion Protection Technology co. Ltd.Qingdao266071ShandongChina Beijing Key Laboratory of Metal Materials Characterization Central Iron&Steel Research InstituteBeijing100081China

Microstructural classification is typically done manually by human experts,which gives rise to uncertainties due to subjectivity and reduces the overall efficiency.A high-throughput characterization is proposed based on deep learning,rapid acquisition technology,and mathematical statistics for the reco.nition,segmentation,and quantification of microstructure in weathering steel.The segmentation results showed that this method was accurate and efficient,and the segmentation of inclusions and pearlite phase achieved accuracy of 89.95%and 90.86%,respectively.The time required for batch processing by MIPAR software involving thresholding segmentation,morphological processing,and small area deletion was 1.05 s for a single image.By co.parison,our system required only 0.102 s,which is ten times faster than the co.mercial software.The quantification results were extracted from large volumes of sequential image data(150 mm^(2),62,216 images,1024×1024 pixels),which ensure co.prehensive statistics.Microstructure information,such as three-dimensional density distribution and the frequency of the minimum spatial distance of inclusions on the sample surface of 150 mm^(2),were quantified by extracting the co.rdinates and sizes of individual features.A refined characterization method for two-dimensional structures and spatial information that is unattainable when performing manually or with software is provided.That will be useful for understanding properties or behaviors of weathering steel,and reducing the resort to physical testing.

关键词： Deep learning High-throughput Microstructure Sequential image Rapid acquisition Quantitative characterization Segmentation

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