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Review of pre-processing technologies for ice cores

Journal of Mountain Science 2018年第9期15卷 1950-1960页

作者： DU Wen-tao KANG Shi-chang QIN Xiang SUN Wei-jun ZHANG Yu-lan LIU Yu-shuo CHEN Ji-zu Qilian Shan Station of Glaciology and Ecologic Environment State Key Laboratory of Cryospheric ScienceNorthwest Institute of Eco-Environment and ResourcesChinese Academy of SciencesLanzhou 730000China CAS center for Excellence in Tibetan Plateau Earth Sciences Beijing 100101China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China College of Population Resources and EnvironmentShandong Normal UniversityJinan 250014China

High-resolution ice core records covering long time spans enable reconstruction of the past climatic and environmental conditions allowing the investigation of the earth system's evolution. Preprocessing of ice cores has direct impacts on the data quality control for further analysis since the conventional ice core processing is time-consuming, produces qualitative data, leads to ice mass loss, and leads to risks of potential secondary pollution. However, over the past several decades, preprocessing of ice cores has received less attention than the improvement of ice drilling, the analytical methodology of various indices, and the researches on the climatic and environmental significance of ice core records. Therefore, this papers reviews the development of the processing for ice cores including framework, design as well as materials, analyzes the technical advantages and disadvantages of the different systems. In the past, continuous flowanalysis(CFA) has been successfully applied to process the polar ice cores. However, it is not suitable for ice cores outside polar region because of high level of particles, the memory effect between samples, and the filtration before injection. Ice core processing is a subtle and professional operation due to the fragility of the nonmetallic materials and the random distribution of particles and air bubbles in ice cores, which aggravates uncertainty in the measurements. The future developments of CFA are discussed in preprocessing, memory effect, challenge for brittle ice, coupling with real-time analysis and optimization of CFA in the field. Furthermore, non-polluting cutters with many different configurations could be designed to cut and scrape in multiple directions and to separate inner and outer portions of the core. This system also needs to be coupled with streamlined operation of packaging, coding, and stacking that can be implemented at high resolution and rate, avoiding manual intervention. At the same time, information

关键词：预处理技术冰核评论地球系统数据质量控制优化操作高分辨率时间跨度

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The role of green manure nitrogen use by corn and sugarcane crops in Brazil

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Agricultural Sciences 2013年第12期4卷 89-108页

作者： Edmilson José Ambrosano Heitor Cantarella Gláucia Maria Bovi Ambrosano Fábio Luis Ferreira Dias Fabrício Rossi Paulo Cesar Ocheuze Trivelin Takashi Muraoka APTA Regional Center South PolePiracicabaBrazil APTA Agronomic Institute of Campinas(IAC)CampinasBrazil Department of Social Dentistry State University of Campinas(UNICAMP)PiracicabaBrazil College of Animal Science and Food Engineering University of São Paulo(USP)PirassunungaBrazil center for Nuclear Energy in Agriculture(CENA/USP) PiracicabaBrazil

Three assays were developed from April 3, 1995 to October 10, 2005. The work with corn was conducted in a greenhouse, using velvet bean (Mucuna aterrima) and sunn hemp (Crotalaria juncea) as green manure with 15N labeling of either shoots or roots, in two soils with contrasting textural classes. The mineralization of N from legume plants incorporated into the two soils was investigated too. This work included two green manures: velvet bean and sunn hemp, and the common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris) residues. Nitrogen from the velvet bean accounted for a greater proportion of the soil inorganic N;shoots were responsible for most of N accumulated. Common bean residues caused immobilization of inorganic N. The leguminous species added were intensively and promptly mineralized, preserving the soil native nitrogen. One hundred days after emergence of the corn, velvet bean provided higher accumulation of nitrogen in the soil, higher absorption by corn plants and accumulation in the aerial part. The green manure decomposition was more intense in the medium textured soil. In this soil, highest nitrogen losses were also observed. The sugarcane (Saccharum spp.) was cultivated for five years in the field and was harvested three times;15N recovery was evaluated in the first two harvests. The combination of inorganic fertilizer and green manure resulted in higher sugarcane yields than either N source applied separately;however, in the second cutting the yields were higher where sunn hemp was used than in plots with ammonium sulfate. The recovery of N by the first two consecutive harvests accounted for 19% to 21% of the N applied as sunn hemp and 46% to 49% of the N applied as ammonium sulfate. Very little inorganic N was present in the 0-40 cm soil layer with both N sources.

关键词： Saccharum spp. Biological Nitrogen Fixation 15N Isotope Technique N-Mineralization Mineral Nitrogen

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Cloud-based storage and computing for remote sensing big data:a technical review

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International Journal of Digital Earth 2022年第1期15卷 1417-1445页

作者： Chen Xu Xiaoping Du Xiangtao Fan Gregory Giuliani Zhongyang Hu Wei Wang Jie Liu Teng Wang Zhenzhen Yan Junjie Zhu Tianyang Jiang Huadong Guo Key Lab of Digital Earth Sciences Aerospace Information Research InstituteChinese Academy of SciencesBeijingPeople’s Republic of China International Research center of Big Data for Sustainable Development Goals BeijingPeople’s Republic of China College of Resources and Environment University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijingPeople’s Republic of China Institute for Environmental Sciences/GRID-Geneva University of GenevaGenevaSwitzerland Institute for Marine and Atmospheric research Utrecht (IMAU) Utrecht UniversityUtrechtThe Netherlands State Key Laboratory of Computer Science Institute of SoftwareChinese Academy of SciencesBeijingPeople’s Republic of China Tianyi Cloud People’s Republic of China Telecom Co.LtdGuangzhouPeople’s Republic of China Department of Computer Science and Technology Tsinghua UniversityBeijingPeople's Republic of China

The rapid growth of remote sensing big data(RSBD)has attracted considerable attention from both academia and *** the progress of computer technologies,conventional computing implementations have become technically inefficient for processing *** computing is effective in activating and mining large-scale heterogeneous data and has been widely applied to RSBD over the past *** study performs a technical review of cloud-based RSBD storage and computing from an interdisciplinary viewpoint of remote sensing and computer ***,we elaborate on four critical technical challenges resulting from the scale expansion of RSBD applications,*** storage,metadata management,data homogeneity,and computing ***,we introduce state-of-the-art cloud-based data management technologies for RSBD *** unit for manipulating remote sensing data has evolved due to the scale expansion and use of novel technologies,which we name the RSBD data *** data models are suggested,***,ARD,data cubes,and composite ***,we summarize recent research on the application of various cloud-based parallel computing technologies to RSBD computing ***,we categorize the architectures of mainstream RSBD *** research provides a comprehensive review of the fundamental issues of RSBD for computing experts and remote sensing researchers.

关键词： Remote sensing big data cloud computing data cube analysis ready data parallel computing data model

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Caudal Anesthesia: Experience in the Post-Operative Analgesia in Pediatric Ambulatory Surgery at the University Hospital of Treichville

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Open Journal of Anesthesiology 2017年第12期7卷 400-406页

作者： P. D. Ango K. L. Kohou N. Koné A. Kouamé A. M. Y. Tchimou A. Akremy S. R. Bamkolé N. Boua Y. Brouh Departmentof Resuscitation and Anesthesia University Hospital Center of Treichville (CHUT) Abidjan Cote d’Ivoire Department of Resuscitation and Anesthesia Heart Institute Department of Abidjan (ICA) Abidjan Cote d’Ivoire Pediatric Surgery Department Abidjan Cote d’Ivoire Department of Resuscitation and Anesthesia University Hospital Center of Cocody (CHUC) Abidjan Cote d’Ivoire

Introduction: The caudal anesthesia is used by many authors for postoperative analgesia. The purpose of this study was to report our experience in the practice of caudal block as post operative analgesia method in ambulatory surgery in a context of limited technical equipment. Patients and Method: Over a period of 5 months, a prospective study was conducted on 39 children aged 3 to 5 years weighing on average 15.12 kg. Children classified ASA I and II were selected. After premedication with midazolam (0.3 mg/kg) by intra rectal route, the inhalation induction was made with sevoflurane 8%, conveyed by fresh gas (50% O2 and 50% air). The caudal block was obtained with the levobupivacaine 0.25% at a dose of 1 ml/kg. The hemodynamic parameters (systolic and diastolic blood pressure, heart rates) and respiratory parameters (respiratory frequency) pre-, per- and post-operative were measured. Post-operative pain was assessed with the Objective Pain Scale (OPS). The date of first use of analgesia was noted. The adverse effects of caudal block (meningitis, respiratory disorders, acute urinary retention, cardiac disorders) have been assessed. Results: The average duration of the procedure was 55.2 minutes. The use of analgesia was made 4 hours after skin closure, when the OPS Broadmann score was greater than 3. An agitation was observed in 6 children. Haemodynamic parameters have not significantly varied from the pre- to the post-operative. No infectious complications or intolerance to local anesthetics were observed. Allthe children were able to drink 4 hours after the end of the intervention and issued their first urine later than 3 hours after surgery. Conclusion: This type of anesthesia has been found very suitable for ambulatory surgery of the child, and is always helpful. It assured a post operative analgesia of good quality, and a reduction in consumption of morphine intraoperatively.

关键词： Caudal Anesthesia Postoperative Analgesia Ambulatory Surgery Children

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A bridge for accelerating materials by design

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npj Computational Materials 2015年第1期1卷 56-66页

作者： Bobby G Sumpter Rama K Vasudevan Thomas Potok Sergei V Kalinin center for Nanophase Materials Sciences Oak Ridge National LaboratoryOak RidgeTNUSA Computer Science and Mathematics Division Oak Ridge National LaboratoryOak RidgeTNUSA Institute for Functional Imaging of Materials Oak Ridge National LaboratoryOak RidgeTNUSA Computer Science and Engineering Division Oak Ridge National LaboratoryOak RidgeTNUSA

Recent technical advances in the area of nanoscale imaging,spectroscopy and scattering/diffraction have led to unprecedented capabilities for investigating materials structural,dynamical and functional *** addition,recent advances in computational algorithms and computer capacities that are orders of magnitude larger/faster have enabled large-scale simulations of materials properties starting with nothing but the identity of the atomic species and the basic principles of quantum and statistical mechanics and *** with these advances,an explosion of high-resolution data has *** confluence of capabilities and rise of big data offer grand opportunities for advancing materials sciences but also introduce several *** this perspective,we identify challenges impeding progress towards advancing materials by design(e.g.,the design/discovery of materials with improved properties/performance),possible solutions and provide examples of scientific issues that can be addressed using a tightly integrated approach where theory and experiments are linked through big-deep data.

关键词： bridge starting materials

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Finance infrastructure through blockchain-based tokenization

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Frontiers of Engineering Management 2020年第4期7卷 485-499页

作者： Yifeng TIAN Zheng LU Peter ADRIAENS R.Edward MINCHIN Alastair CAITHNESS Junghoon WOO School of Construction Management University of FloridaGainesvilleFL 32603USA center for Buildings Infrastructureand Public SpaceColumbia UniversityNew YorkNY 10025USA center for Smart Infrastructure Finance Department of Civil and Environmental EngineeringUniversity of MichiganAnn ArborMI 48109USA Ziyen Inc. CheyenneWY 82001USA

The infrastructure finance gap has long-standing implications for economic and social *** to low efficiency,high transaction costs,and long transaction time,conventional infrastructure financing instruments are considered to be major contributors to the increasing mismatch between the need for infrastructure development and available *** through smart contracts,blockchain tokenization has shown characteristics that are poised to change the capital stack of infrastructure *** study analyzed the first SEC-compliant energy asset security token,Ziyen-Coin,from the perspective of the key participants,relevant regulations,and token offering *** show that tokenization can improve infrastructure assets liquidity,transaction efficiency,and transparency across *** infrastructure financing instruments were compared with blockchain tokenization by reviewing the literature on infrastructure *** benefits and barriers of tokenizing infrastructure assets were thoroughly discussed to devise ways of improving infrastructure *** study also found that the potential of tokenization has not yet been fully realized because of the limited technical infrastructures,regulation uncertainties,volatilities in the token market,and absence of the public *** study contributes to the present understanding of how blockchain technology can be implemented in infrastructure finance and the role of tokenization in the structure of public-private partnership and project finance.

关键词： infrastructure asset blockchain tokenization security token offering smart contract public private partnership project finance

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Targeting Notch and EGFR signaling in human mucoepidermoid carcinoma

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Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy 2021年第2期6卷 531-541页

作者： Wei Ni Zirong Chen Xin Zhou Rongqiang Yang Mu Yu Jianrong Lu Frederic JKaye Lizi Wu Department of Molecular Genetics and Microbiology University of FloridaGinsille FL 32610USA UF Health Cancer center University of FloridaGinesilleFL 32610USA UF Genetics Institute University of FloridaGainesilleFL 32610USA Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology University of FloridaGainesillFL 32610USA Department of Medicine University of FloridaGainesilleFL 32610.USA

Mucoepidermoid carcinoma(MEC)is the most common type of salivary gland cancers and patients with advanced,metastatic,and recurrent MECS have limited therapeutic options and poor treatment *** is commonly associated with a chromosomal translocation t(11;19)(q14-21:p12-13)that encodes the CRTC1-MAML2 oncogenic *** CRTC1-MAML2 fusion is required for MEC growth in part through inducing autocrine AREG-EGFR *** evidence suggests that MEC malignancy is maintained by cancer stem-like *** this study,we aimed to determine critical signaling for maintaining MEC stem-like cells and the effect of combined targeting of stem cell signaling and CRTC1-MAML2 induced EGFR signaling on blocking MEC ***,we evaluated the significance of Notch signaling in regulating MEC stem-like *** activated Notch signaling was detected in human fusion-positive MEC *** inhibition of Notch signaling with genetic or pharmacological inhibitors reduced oncosphere formation and ALDH-bright population in vitro and blocked the growth of MEC xenografts in ***,we investigated the effect of co-targeting Notch signaling and EGFR signaling,and observed enhanced inhibition on MEC growth in ***,this study identified a critical role of Notch signaling in maintaining MEC stem-like cells and tumor growth,and revealed a novel approach of co-targeting Notch and EGFR signaling as a potential effective anti-MEC treatment.

关键词： Notch salivary maintained

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Directly patterned substrate-free plasmonic “nanograter” structures with unusual Fano resonances

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Light(Science & Applications) 2015年第1期4卷 295-300页

作者： Ajuan Cui Zhe Liu Jiafang Li Tiehan H Shen Xiaoxiang Xia Zhiyuan Li Zhijie Gong Hongqiang Li Benli Wang Junjie Li Haifang Yang Wuxia Li Changzhi Gu Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics Institute of PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China Joule Physics Laboratory School of ComputingScience and EngineeringUniversity of SalfordSalfordM54WTUK School of Physics Science and Engineering Tongji UniversityShanghai200092China Collaborative Innovation center of Quantum Matter Beijing200092China

The application of three-dimensional(3D)plasmonic nanostructures as metamaterials(MMs),nano-antennas,and other devices faces challenges in producing metallic nanostructures with easily definable orientations,sophisticated shapes,and smooth surfaces that are operational in the optical regime and ***,we demonstrate that complex 3D nanostructures can be readily achieved with focused-ion-beam irradiation-induced folding and examine the optical characteristics of plasmonic“nanograter”structures that are composed of free-standing Au *** 3D nanostructures exhibit interesting 3D hybridization in current flows and exhibit unusual and well-scalable Fano resonances at wavelengths ranging from 1.6 to 6.4 *** the introduction of liquids of various refractive indices to the structures,a strong dependence of the Fano resonance is observed,with spectral sensitivities of 1400 nm and 2040 nm per refractive index unit under figures of merit of 35.0 and 12.5,respectively,for low-order and high-order resonance in the near-infrared *** work indicates the exciting,increasing relevance of similarly constructed 3D free-standing nanostructures in the research and development of photonics and MMs.

关键词： extraordinary Fano resonances plasmonic nanostructures spatially oriented substrate-free three-dimensional

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Research on the resource utilization of Baosteel steel slag as concrete material

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Baosteel technical Research 2009年第4期3卷 9-13页

作者： JIN Qiang HE Hongzhu YANG Gang ZHANG Chao WANG Youqin Research center of Metallurgical Slag SBMCC Shanghai 200941 China Shanghai Building Material Market Administration Station Shanghai 200941 China

The utilization of steel slag has been a worldwide issue for a long time. Attention is increasingly being paid to the technological innovation and development of steel slag. Aiming at the development of environmentally friendly steel slag concrete materials and their use in a recyclable economy ,Baosteel has recently been conducting research on and using many new building materials, including steel slag powder concrete, steel slag pervious concrete, steel slag counter weight concrete and so on. In this way, steel slag has been turned from a kind of solid waste into a value-added material. The technology of steel slag utilization has been enriched and developed,while a new model of using Baosteel steel slag in a recyclable economy has also been explored and practised.

关键词： energy-saving environmentally friendly properties steel slag concrete resource utilization application research

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Risk Factors for Surgical Site Infections in Patients Operated at the University Clinic of Traumatology-Orthopedics and Restorative Surgery of the National Hospital and University center Hubert Koutoukou Maga in Cotonou

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Open Journal of Epidemiology 2023年第1期13卷 1-15页

作者： Comlan Cyriaque Dégbey Charles Patrick Makoutodé Narjolès Augustino Houngnandan Badirou Aguemon Regional Institute of Public Health University of Abomey-Calavi Ouidah Benin University Clinic of Hospital Hygiene National Hospital and University Center Hubert Koutoukou MAGA Cotonou Benin National Medical and Health Institute Higher School of Nurses University of Abomey-Calavi Cotonou Benin Department of Public Health Faculty of Health Sciences (FSS) University of Abomey Calavi (UAC) Cotonou Benin

Background: Operative site infections (ISO) are typically nosocomial. According to the WHO the incidence of ISO varies from 0.5% to 15% and exceeds 25% in developing countries. They result from the combined action of several factors and represent a concern for public health. To study the contributing factors of surgical site infections in patients operated at the University Clinic of Orthopedic Traumatology of CNHU-HKM of Cotonou. Method: This was an analytical cross-sectional study that involved 35 operated patients and ten nurses. Were included in our study: 1) All patients, without distinction of sex or age, having been operated on in the university clinic of orthopedic traumatology, during the survey period;2) Patients hospitalized for post-operative care during the survey period;3) The nursing staff on duty during our study period. The usual statistical measures were used according to the type of variables: means, standard deviations, percentages. Data analysis first involved calculating percentages for the qualitative variables and means followed by their standard deviations for the quantitative variables. Next, the Pearson Chi-square test was used to test the association between the dependent variable and the independent variables of interest. The significance level is set at p Results: The prevalence of surgical site infections was 28.58%. The main factors contributing to the occurrence of SSIs that were found were the patient’s level of education (p = 0.003) and the reuse of bandages used for dressing (p = 0.004). Other potential factors such as the economic status of the patient, the poor quality of technical dressings, and the preoperative stay were also highlighted. Conclusion: Surgical site infections remain a global concern. Risk factors were found on both the patient and nurse sides. It is urgent to address these various factors to minimize the occurrence of surgical site infections.

关键词： Surgical Site Infection Nosocomial Infections Risk Factors Patient Benin

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