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Mechanisms of nucleus accumbens deep brain stimulation in treating mental disorders

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Fundamental Research 2025年第1期5卷 48-54页

作者： Ruan, Hanyang Tong, Geya Jin, Minghui Koch, Kathrin Wang, Zhen Shanghai Mental Health center Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine TUM-Neuroimaging center (TUM-NIC) Technical University of Munich Department of Neuroradiology School of Medicine Klinikum Rechts Der Isar Technical University of Munich School of Psychology Shanghai Jiao Tong University Shanghai Key Laboratory of Psychotic Disorders

Growing evidence supports the effectiveness of deep brain stimulation (DBS) in treating various psychiatric disorders. DBS has the potential to selectively stimulate specific subcortical brain areas thus providing high-frequency electric stimulation of these regions. The nucleus accumbens (NAc), a frequent DBS target, has shown promise in treating psychiatric conditions like depression, obsessive-compulsive disorder, and addiction. In this review, we provide an overview across studies investigating the effects of NAc DBS in humans and animals and discuss potential mechanisms underlying its clinical efficacy. We address the anatomical properties of NAc and discuss, in particular, the frequently reported differential effects of NAc shell and NAc core DBS. Moreover, by outlining the various NAc cell types, transmitter systems (i.e., predominantly GABAergic and dopaminergic systems) and anatomical pathways that have been shown to be relevant for NAc DBS stimulation effects, we aim to further elucidate the neurobiological determinants of NAc DBS efficacy. Finally, since treatment effects of NAc DBS are most probably also related to alterations in NAc connected circuits or networks, we review studies focusing on the investigation of NAc DBS network effects. By examining these various components that are assumed to be of relevance in the context of NAc DBS, this review will hopefully contribute to increasing our knowledge about the mechanisms underlying NAc DBS and optimizing future selection of optimal DBS targets. © 2024

关键词： Deep brain stimulation Mental disorder Neuromodulation Neurophysiology Nucleus accumbens

Success of intravenous immunoglobulin and steroids in managing severe COVID-19 following lung transplantation:A case report

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World Journal of Transplantation 2025年第1期15卷 178-184页

作者： Yen-Shou Kuo Kuan-Hsun Lin Ying-Yi Chen Yuan-Ming Tsai Ti-Hui Wu Hsu-Kai Huang Tsai-Wang Huang Division of Thoracic Surgery Department of SurgeryTri-Service General HospitalNational Defense Medical CenterTaipei 114202Taiwan

BACKGROUND Coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)pneumonia with severe septic shock and acute respiratory distress syndrome(ARDS)are critical illnesses for patients following *** immunoglobulin(IVIG)plays a role in both immune support and inflammation control,especially in immunocompromised *** case report describes the first successful experience using IVIG and pulse steroids to manage this critical condition following lung *** SUMMARY A 65-year-old male patient reported a history of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and poor lung function and received bilateral sequential lung ***,he developed COVID-19 pneumonia,severe septic shock,and *** recovered from this critical condition after empirical antibiotics administration and veno-venous extracorporeal membrane oxygenation,in addition to IVIG and pulse *** IVIG is a valuable adjunct in managing severe sepsis in lung transplant recipients after COVID-19 *** aim,for the first time,to report the success of such a management approach for COVID-19 ARDS and sepsis in the post-lung transplant *** further investigations,this is a starting point for wider analysis of such an approach in this setting and consequently helps guide clinical practice for such a challenging patient population moving forward.

关键词： COVID-19 Septic shock Intravenous immunoglobulin Lung transplantation Post-transplant complications Case report

Na_(2)B_(6)SO_(13) with unprecedented [B_(6)SO_(13)]_(∞) double chains and largest birefringence among borosulfates induced by the uniform arrangement of [B_(3)O_(7)] units

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Science China Chemistry 2025年第2期68卷 475-480页

作者： Jinbin Fan Ziting Yan Zilong Chen Huimin Li Zhihua Yang Fangfang Zhang Shilie Pan Research center for Crystal Materials State Key Laboratory of Functional Materials and Devices for Special Environmental ConditionsXinjiang Key Laboratory of Functional Crystal MaterialsXinjiang Technical Institute of Physics and ChemistryChinese Academy of SciencesUrumqi 830011China center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China

Birefringence is crucial for birefringent crystals to modulate polarized light and nonlinear optical crystals to enable *** is closely related to the arrangement of advantageous functional groups with large microcosmic polarizability anisotropy in the ***,designing crystals with large birefringence by modulating the arrangement of advantageous functional groups is still a *** this work,the arrangement of the advantageous[B_(3)O_(7)]groups is optimized by introducing rigid tetrahedral[SO_(4)]groups,resulting in a novel boron-rich borosulfate,Na_(2)B_(6)SO_(13) ,which exhibits unprecedented[B_(6)SO_(13)]_(∞)double chain and an enhanced birefringence(Δn=0.07 at 589.3 nm)against the borate parent *** calculations confirm that the birefringence is mainly attributable to the uniform alignment of[B_(3)O_(7)]***_(2)B_(6)SO_(13) also possesses a deep ultraviolet(DUV)cutoff edge(λ<185 nm).This work provides a feasible method to design DUV birefringent crystals with large birefringence by inducing the arrangement of advantageous functional groups.

关键词： borosulfate deep ultraviolet birefringence modulated groups

Ship detection based on improved SDD algorithm

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Instrumentation 2025年

作者： Hong-cheng Chu Tian-hu Wang Qian-nian Miao Ze-ran Chen Rong Wang Wen-jie Li Tao Huang School of Electrical Information Engineering Jiangsu University of Technology Changzhou High-tech Technology Innovation and Entrepreneurship service center technical Development Department CRRC Nanjing Puzhen Rolling Stock Co. Ltd.

To address the issue of inadequate detection performance for small and mediumsized densely packed vessels in ship target detection, this paper proposes an improved Single Shot Multibox Detector(SSD) model to achieve more accurate detection. The algorithm redesigns the anchor boxes to fit the ship target detection dataset better and integrates the Squeeze-and-Excitation(SE) module into the Visual Geometry Group(VGG)network to enhance the channel features of the input feature maps. Additionally, the network's ability to perceive and represent important features is further enhanced by introducing the Convolutional Block Attention Module(CBAM), which is responsible for channel and spatial attention mechanisms. Finally, the feature pyramid module is employed to fuse six layers of features from the original network, thereby improving the SSD network's capability to detect small and occluded densely packed vessel targets. The experimental results show that the model's target recognition ability for fishing vessels improved from 58.07% to 65.87%; for patrol boats, the ability increased from 94.6% to 96.03%; and for inflatable boats, it rose from 72.08% to 74.93%. The overall mean Average Precision(mAP) also increased from the original model's 80.04% to 81.22%. Additionally, by clustering prior boxes, more suitable prior boxes for vessel detection were obtained, enhancing the model's perception capabilities for both large and small vessels.

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Ingenious construction of a magnetic-recyclable photo-Fenton catalyst ZnFe_(2)O_(4)@MIL-88A(Fe)and its adsorption-degradation activity toward levofloxacin

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2025年第5期151卷 677-691页

作者： Xichen Mi Tingwei Wang Yitong Chen Dan Cao Na Ma Wei Dai Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Advanced Catalysis Materials College of Chemistry and Materials ScienceZhejiang Normal UniversityJinhua 321004China Jinhua Customs Comprehensive Technology service center Jinhua 321004China College of Geography and Environmental Sciences Zhejiang Normal UniversityJinhua 321004China

Monotonic pore size and particles inseparability of metal-organic frameworks(MOFs)caused serious effects on its light absorption ability and charge separation,restricting its application for antibiotic such as levofloxacin(LEV)degradation in *** this study,a magnetically detachable nano-photocatalyst(ZnFe_(2)O_(4)@MIL-88A(Fe))was synthesized using a simple two-step hydrothermal *** morphology and microstructure analyses showed that n-type ZnFe_(2)O_(4)catalyst particleswere efficiently assembled onto the surface of MIL-88A(Fe)*** activity studies indicated that the ZnFe_(2)O_(4)@MIL-88A(Fe)plus H_(2)O_(2)exhibiting a significantly boosted photo-Fenton activity toward LEV at visible light irradiation,compared to the pure ZnFe_(2)O_(4)and MIL-88A(Fe),the degradation efficiency accordingly reached up to nearly 82%and 25%within 60 *** excellent photocatalytic performance was ascribed to the synergistic effects of the heterogeneous structure of ZnFe_(2)O_(4)and MIL-88A(Fe),whereby the efficient separation of charge carriers in the catalytic system is mutually reinforced with the efficient reduction of Fe^(3+)and Fe^(2+).Meanwhile,the degradationmechanism and intermediates of LEV during the photo-Fenton reaction process were also studied in depth through free radical burst,electron paramagnetic resonance,and mass spectrometry analyses,***,the ZnFe_(2)O_(4)@MIL-88A(Fe)composite catalyst displayed significant stability and ease of separation,indicating potential for the photooxidative degradation of organic pollutants.

关键词： ZnFe_(2)O_(4) MIL-88A(Fe) Magnetism Photo-Fenton Levofloxacin

Experiments and modeling of microstructural and mechanical behaviors of laser-welded Ni-based superalloy at high temperatures

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Chinese Journal of Aeronautics 2025年第1期38卷 99-114页

作者： Ting HOU Yong LI Degang WANG Yuelin WANG Marko VILOTIC School of Mechanical Engineering and Automation Beihang UniversityBeijing 100191China Department of Structure Shenyang Aircraft Designand Research InstituteShenyang 110000China Engineering center Shenyang Aircraft CorporationShenyang 110000China Faculty of technical Science University of Novi SadNovi Sad 21102Serbia

The performance of welded Ni-based superalloys at high temperatures is essential to be evaluated due to their particular service environment for aero-engines and high-speed *** tensile properties and related microstructural evolutions such as the carbide precipitate and grain of a laser-welded Ni-based alloy were experimentally and numerically investigated at different temperatures(20,300,500,800℃).The results show that at room temperature,the strength of the Base Material(BM)was slightly smaller,with a difference of less than 1%,than the Welded Material(WM),which can be attributed to the more uniformly distributed needle-shaped carbide precipitates in the WM than those nonuniformly coarser spherical ones in the *** at 300℃ and 500℃,the strength of WM decreased more obviously compared with that of BM due to the more apparent growth of grain:13.52%loss in yield strength in WM alloys as compared with BM alloys at 300℃,and 16.57% at 500℃.At 800℃,the strength of BM and WM both decreased to a similar level due to Dynamic Recrystallization(DRX).However,a much higher elongation was observed for the BM than WM(less than 50%of BM),which can be attributed to the enhanced dislocation accumulation capability of the large spherical carbides along grain boundaries on the fracture surface in ***,a unified model considering the welding effects on both microstructures(dislocation,carbides,and grain)and mechanical properties evolutions at different temperatures was developed and *** on this model,the key temperature ranges(20–600℃)where apparent weakening of strength and uniform plasticity occurs for welded structures were identified,providing a direct guidance for potential structure and process design.

关键词： Ni-based superalloy Microstructure Mechanical properties Constitutive model High temperature

Numerical Simulation of Gas-LiquId Flow in a Horizontal Elbow

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Fluid Dynamics & Materials Processing 2025年第1期21卷 107-119页

作者： Lihui Ma Wei Li Yuanyuan Wang Pan Zhang Lina Wang Xinying Liu Meiqin Dong Xuewen Cao Jiang Bian technical Inspection center Sionpec Shengli Oilfield CompanyDongying257000China College of Pipeline and Civil Engineering China University of Petroleum(East China)Qingdao266580China School of Petroleum Engineering Yangtze UniversityWuhan430100China

Gas-liquid flow(GLF),especially slug and annular flows in oil and gas gathering and transportation pipelines,become particularly complex inside elbows and can easily exacerbate pipeline corrosion and *** thisstudy,FLUENT was used to conduct 3D simulations of slug and annular flow in elbows for different velocitiesto assess the ensuing changes in terms of *** particular,the multifluid VOF(Volume of Fraction)modelwas *** results indicate that under both slug and annular flow conditions,the pressure inside the elbow islower than the *** the superficial velocity of liquid and gas increase,the pressure and liquid flow velocityat different positions of the elbow also increase,while the secondary flow *** annular flow conditions,the liquid film on the outer side of the elbow is thicker than that on the inner side,and the liquid velocityin the main liquid film zone is the lowest.

关键词： Gas-liquid flow elbow CFD VOF model

Ozonolysis of ketoprofen in polluted water:Reaction pathways,kinetics,removal efficiency,and health effects

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2025年第1期147卷 451-461页

作者： Qiong Mei Zhaoxu Qiu Jinchan Jiang Mingxue Li Qizhao Wang Maoxia He School of Land Engineering Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Land ConsolidationChang’an UniversityXi’an 710064China School of Water and Environment Chang’an UniversityXi’an 710054China Environment Research Institute Shandong UniversityQingdao 266237China Weihai Water Conservancy service center Weihai 264200China

Ketoprofen(KET),as a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug frequently detected in aqueous environments,is a threat to human health due to its accumulation and low biodegradability,which requires the transformation and degradation of KET in aqueous *** this paper,the reaction process of ozone-initiated KET degradation in water was investigated using density functional theory(DFT)method at the M06-2X/6-311++g(3df,2p)//M06-2X/6-31+g(d,p)*** detailed reaction path of KET ozonation is *** thermodynamic results show that ozone-initiated KET degradation is *** ultraviolet irradiation,the reaction of ozone with water can also produce OH radicals(HO·)that can react with *** degradation reaction of KET caused by HO·was further *** kinetic calculation illustrates that the reaction rate(1.99×10-1(mol/L)^(-1)sec^(-1))of KET ozonation is relatively slow,but the reaction rate of HO·reaction is relatively high,which can further improve the degradation *** this basis,the effects of pollutant concentration,ozone concentration,natural organic matter,and pH value on degradation efficiency under UV/O3 process were *** ozonolysis reaction of KET is not sensitive to pH and is basically ***,the toxicity prediction of oxidation compounds produced by degradation reaction indicates that most of the degradation products are harmless,and a few products containing benzene rings are still toxic and have to be *** study serves as a theoretical basis for analyzing the migration and transformation process of anti-inflammatory compounds in the water environment.

关键词： Ozonolysis,Ketoprofen Degradation mechanisms OH radicals Aquatic toxicity Degradation efficiency

Dual Control of Macrolithotype and Coal Structure on the Pore Parameters of Middle Jurassic Coals in the Southern Junggar Basin,NW China

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Acta Geologica Sinica(English Edition) 2025年第1期99卷 194-211页

作者： HOU Haihai LIANG Guodong SHAO Longyi TANG Yue YAN Zhifeng College of Mining Liaoning Technical UniversityFuxinLiaoning 123000China College of Geoscience and Surveying Engineering China University of Mining and TechnologyBeijing 100083China Oil&Gas Resource Survey center China Geological SurveyMinistry of Natural ResourcesBeijing 100029China

Coal pore parameters are closely related to macrolithotypes and coal structures,having a large influence over the gas potential and productivity of coalbed methane(CBM).The Middle Jurassic Xishanyao Formation,located in the southern Junggar Basin of northwestern China,has geological conditions with rich CBM *** 46 Xishanyao coal samples gathered from the drilling cores and coal mines cover 4 types of macrolithotypes(bright coal 1,semi-bright coal 2,semi-dull coal 3,and dull coal 4)and 2 types of coal structures(primary coal I and cataclastic coal II).Based on a range of pore testing experiments and analytical methods,the dual effects of different macrolithotypes and coal structures on pore structures were intensely *** results showed that the specific surface area(SSA)and total pore volume(TPV)of coal samples increased gradually from bright to dull *** the same macrolithotypes,the SSA and TPV of the primary coals were lower than those of the cataclastic ***,the pore structures of bright and semi-bright coals are simpler when compared to semi-dull and dull coals with the same coal structure,whereas cataclastic coals have more complicated pore structure systems than primary coals with the same *** bright and semi-bright coals have higher vitrinite contents and more endogenous fractures,whereas well-developed structural fractures were identified in cataclastic ***,bright and semi-bright coals have better pore connectivity than semi-dull and dull coals with the same coal structure,the pore connectivity of cataclastic coals being slightly better than that of primary coals under the same *** terms of the CBM adsorption conditions,the eight type samples formed a descending order:Ⅱ-4>I-4>Ⅱ-3>Ⅰ-3>Ⅱ-2>Ⅰ-2>Ⅱ-1>Ⅰ-1,while they ranked as follows when consideration was given to the CBM seepage capacities:II-2>Ⅱ-1>Ⅰ-2>Ⅰ-1>Ⅰ-3>Ⅰ-4>Ⅱ-3>Ⅱ-*** a result,it could be determined that the bright and semi-bright

关键词： coalbed methane macrolithotype coal structure pore structure Southern Junggar Basin