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Neural plasticity in Parkinson's disease: a neuroimaging perspective

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Neural Regeneration Research 2024年第6期19卷 1203-1205页

作者： Christina Andica Koji Kamagata department of radiology Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine Faculty of health Data Science Juntendo University

Parkinson’s disease(PD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder characterized primarily by classical motor signs of bradykinesia,rigidity,tremors,and postural instability usually manifesti ng unilate rally or at least *** disease involves a loss of dopaminergic neurons projecting from the substantia nigra pars compacta to the dorsal striatum,

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Self-fueling ferroptosis-inducing microreactors based on p H-responsive Lipiodol Pickering emulsions enable transarterial ferro-embolization therapy

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National Science Review 2024年第1期11卷 74-85页

作者： Chunjie Wang Lei Zhang Zhijuan Yang Dongxu Zhao Zheng Deng Jialu Xu Yumin Wu Yu Hao Ziliang Dong Liangzhu Feng Zhuang Liu institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM) Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials & Devices Soochow University Center of Interventional radiology & Vascular Surgery Department of Radiology Zhongda Hospital Medical School Southeast University department of Interventional radiology The First Afflliated Hospital of Soochow University

Lipiodol chemotherapeutic emulsions remain one of the main choices for the treatment of unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC) via transarterial chemoembolization(TACE). However, the limited stability of Lipiodol chemotherapeutic emulsions would lead to rapid drug diffusion, which would reduce the therapeutic benefit and cause systemic toxicity of administrated chemotherapeutics. Therefore, the development of enhanced Lipiodol-based formulations is of great significance to enable effective and safe TACE treatment. Herein, a stable water-in-oil Lipiodol Pickering emulsion(LPE) stabilized by pH-dissociable calcium carbonate nanoparticles and hemin is prepared and utilized for efficient encapsulation of lipoxygenase(LOX). The obtained LOX-loaded CaCO3&hemin-stabilized LPE(LHCa-LPE) showing greatly improved emulsion stability could work as a pH-responsive and self-fueling microreactor to convert polyunsaturated fatty acids(PUFAs), a main component of Lipiodol, to cytotoxic lipid radicals through the cascading catalytic reaction driven by LOX and hemin, thus inducing ferroptosis of cancer cells. As a result, such LHCa-LPE upon transcatheter embolization can effectively suppress the progression of orthotopic N1S1 HCC in rats. This study highlights a concise strategy to prepare pH-responsive and stable LPE-based self-fueling microreactors, which could serve as bifunctional embolic and ferroptosis-inducing agents to enable proof-of-concept transarterial ferro-embolization therapy of HCC.

关键词： CaCO3 nanoparticles Pickering emulsion ferroptosis lipid peroxidation transarterial ferro-embolization

The clinical,radiological,and surgical characteristics of anterior perforated substance glioma:a retrospective study

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Chinese Neurosurgical Journal 2024年第1期10卷 28-34页

作者： Zhiliang Wang Lianwang Li Zheng Wang Xuzhu Chen Zhong Zhang department of Neurosurgery Beijing Tiantan HospitalCapital Medical UniversityNo.119 South 4th Ring West RoadBeijing 100070People’s Republic of China department of Molecular Neuropathology Beijing Neurosurgical InstituteCapital Medical UniversityBeijingChina department of radiology Beijing Neurosurgical InstituteCapital Medical UniversityBeijingChina department of radiology Beijing Tiantan HospitalCapital Medical UniversityNo.119 South 4th Ring West RoadBeijing 100070People’s Republic of China

Background To explore the clinical,radiological,and surgical characteristics of anterior perforated substance(APS)*** Twenty patients with APS glioma who were treated with surgery between March 2019 and January 2022 from Tiantan hospital were retrospectively *** clinical,histological and radiological data were *** Twenty patients,including 7 males(55%)and 13 females(45%),with a mean age at diagnosis of 37.9 years(range,28-53 years)underwent operative intervention for *** and dizziness were the most common preoperative symptoms in the majority patients(14,70%).Based on radiological features of MRI,the APS was classified into two subtypes,type A and type *** patients(40%)in type A indicated a clear tumor margin,while 13 patients(60%)in type B showed an ill-defined *** surgical approach including frontal,temporal,and coronal frontal incisions for type A and type B tumors,*** patients in type A received total resection,while one patient in type B were total ***,12 cases(60%,12/20)were diagnosed as astrocytoma and 8 cases(20%,8/20)were ***,17 cases(85%,17/20)had MGMT promotor *** In this study,we performed the first systematic research of patients with APS *** of patients with APS presented headaches and dizziness *** APS glioma was further divided into two major radiological subtypes with relevant different surgical *** APS glioma in type A were more likely to receive total resection.

关键词： Anterior perforated substance Glioma Magnetic resonance imaging Operation

A nitroreductase-responsive nanoprobe with homogeneous composition and high loading for preoperative non-invasive tumor imaging and intraoperative guidance

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Chinese Chemical Letters 2024年第7期35卷 313-318页

作者： Jingqi Xin Shupeng Han Meichen Zheng Chenfeng Xu Zhongxi Huang Bin Wang Changmin Yu Feifei An Yu Ren institute of Medical Engineering Department of BiophysicsSchool of Basic Medical ScienceHealth Science CenterXi'an Jiaotong UniversityXi'an 710061China School of Public health Health Science CenterXi'an Jiaotong UniversityXi'an 710061China Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics(KLOFE)&institute of Advanced Materials(IAM) Nanjing Tech UniversityNanjing 211816China department of Breast Surgery the First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong UniversityXi'an 710061China

Tumor microenvironment(TME)-activatable probes have been proven to effectively increase signal-tobackground ratios(SBRs)and improve the success rate of complete tumor ***,many fluorescence probes have to be loaded into a nanocarrier for tumor targeted delivery,which consequently encounters poor drug loading,heterogeneous composition and non-encapsulated drug aggregates occurred during nanoformulation ***,a nitroreductase(NTR)-activated“OFF-ON”near-infrared fluorescence nanoprobe,named Nano Bodipy,was synthesized by the spontaneous self-assembling of NTRresponsive dye-polyethylene glycol(PEG)amphiphilic polymer in *** NTR-responsive dye acted as the hydrophobic segment in the amphiphilic polymer,yielding a homogeneous composition and a high loading of 12.2 wt%(according to calculation)in the synthesized Nano *** synthesized Nano Bodipy can efficiently accumulate in tumors via the enhanced permeability and retention(EPR)effect,enabling non-invasive tumor-targeted fluorescence imaging and guiding complete tumor *** the synthesized Nano Bodipy entered the tumor cells,they dissociated and were activated by overexpressed *** the real-time fluorescence guide of Nano Bodipy,complete tumor resection surgery was performed successfully.

关键词： Nitroreductase Tumor diagnosis Intraoperative guidance Self-assembly Nanoprobe

Nomogram prediction of vessels encapsulating tumor clusters in small hepatocellular carcinoma≤3 cm based on enhanced magnetic resonance imaging

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Oncology 2024年第5期16卷 1808-1820页

作者： Hui-Lin Chen Rui-Lin He Meng-Ting Gu Xing-Yu Zhao Kai-Rong Song Wen-Jie Zou Ning-Yang Jia Wan-Min Liu School of health Science and Engineering University of Shanghai for Science and TechnologyShanghai 200093China department of radiology The Third Affiliated Hospital of Shanghai Naval Military Medical UniversityShanghai 200438China department of radiology Tongji University Affiliated Tongji HospitalShanghai 200065China

BACKGROUND Vessels encapsulating tumor clusters(VETC)represent a recently discovered vascular pattern associated with novel metastasis mechanisms in hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC).However,it seems that no one have focused on predicting VETC status in small HCC(sHCC).This study aimed to develop a new nomogram for predicting VETC positivity using preoperative clinical data and image features in sHCC(≤3 cm)*** To construct a nomogram that combines preoperative clinical parameters and image features to predict patterns of VETC and evaluate the prognosis of sHCC *** A total of 309 patients with sHCC,who underwent segmental resection and had their VETC status confirmed,were included in the *** patients were recruited from three different hospitals:Hospital 1 contributed 177 patients for the training set,Hospital 2 provided 78 patients for the test set,and Hospital 3 provided 54 patients for the validation *** predictors of VETC were identified through univariate and multivariate logistic *** independent predictors were then used to construct a VETC prediction model for *** model’s performance was evaluated using the area under the curve(AUC),calibration curve,and clinical decision ***,Kaplan-Meier survival analysis was performed to confirm whether the predicted VETC status by the model is associated with early recurrence,just as it is with the actual VETC status and early *** Alpha-fetoprotein_lg10,carbohydrate antigen 199,irregular shape,non-smooth margin,and arterial peritumoral enhancement were identified as independent predictors of *** model incorporating these predictors demonstrated strong predictive *** AUC was 0.811 for the training set,0.800 for the test set,and 0.791 for the validation *** calibration curve indicated that the predicted probability was consistent with the actual VETC status in all three ***,the decision curve analysis demonstr

关键词： Small hepatocellular carcinoma Vessels encapsulating tumor clusters Nomogram Magnetic resonance imaging Multicenter

Consilience and unity in ocular anterior segment research

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International Journal of Ophthalmology(English edition) 2024年第7期17卷 1173-1183页

作者： Houmam Araj department of health and Human Services National Eye Institute/National Institutes of Health(NEI/NIH)BethesdaMaryland 20892USA

In his beautiful book,Consilience:The Unity of Knowledge,the eminent biologist Edward O Wilson,advocates the need for integration and reconciliation across the *** defines consilience as“literally a‘jumping together’of knowledge with a linking of facts…to create a common groundwork of explanation”.It is the premise of this paper that as much as basic biomedical research is in need of data generation using the latest available techniques–unifying available knowledge is just as *** involves the necessity to resolve contradictory findings,reduce silos,and acknowledge *** take the cornea and the lens as case studies of our ***,in this perspective,we discuss the conflicting and fragmented information on protein aggregation,oxidative damage,and *** are fields of study that are integrally tied to anterior segment *** goal is to highlight the vital need for Wilson’s consilience and unity of knowledge which in turn should lead to enhanced rigor and reproducibility,and most importantly,to greater understanding and not simply knowing.

关键词： anterior segment ocular surface cornea lens cataract posterior capsular opacification protein aggregation oxidative damage antioxidants fibrosis wound healing consilience

Experimental and analytical investigation on friction resistance force between buried coated pressurized steel pipes and soil

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Frontiers of Structural and Civil Engineering 2024年第4期18卷 615-629页

作者： Shaurav ALAM Tanvir MANZUR John MATTHEWS Chris BARTLETT Erez ALLOUCHE Brent KEIL John KRAFT department of Civil Engineering and Construction Engineering technology Louisiana Tech UniversityRustonLA 71270USA department of Civil Engineering Bangladesh University of Engineering and TechnologyDhaka 1000Bangladesh Georgia tech Research institute AtlantaGA 30332USA Stantec Inc. Edmonton T5J0K4Canada North West Pipe Company VancouverWA 98684USA

This paper presents an analytical approach for estimating frictional resistance to pipe movement at soil and external pipe surface of buried coated pressurized steel pipes relative to the internal thrust *** proposed analytical method was developed based on 36 experiments,which involved three coating types(cement mortar(CM),polyurethane type-I(PT-I),prefabricated plastic tape(PPT))on pipes’surfaces,three different soils(pea-gravel(PG),sand(S),silty-clay(SC)),and four simulated over burden depths above the pipe’s *** showed frictional resistance decreased with increasing over burden depth above the pipe’s *** degree of frictional resistance at the pipe-soil interface was found to be in the order of PG>SC>S for all coating variations and overburden *** coated pipe buried in all three types of soil produced significantly higher frictional resistance as compared to other coating *** on experimental data,the developed analytical introduced a dimensionless factor“Z”,which included effects of types of coatings,soil,and overburden depths for simplified rapid *** showed that the method provided a better prediction of frictional resistance forces,in comparison to previous analytical methods,which were barely close in predicting friction resistance for different coating variations,soil types,and overburden *** resistance force values reported herein could be considered conservative.

关键词： friction resistance force thrust force coated pressurized steel pipe soil type overburden depth

Computed tomography radiomic features and clinical factors predicting the response to first transarterial chemoembolization in intermediate-stage hepatocellular carcinoma

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Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Diseases International 2024年第4期23卷 361-369页

作者： Zhong-Xing Shi Chang-Fu Li Li-Feng Zhao Zhong-Qi Sun Li-Ming Cui Yan-Jie Xin Dong-Qing Wang Tan-Rong Kang Hui-Jie Jiang department of Interventional radiology the Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical UniversityHarbin 150086China department of Digestive Medicine Daqing Longnan HospitalDaqing 163453China department of radiology Daqing Longnan HospitalDaqing 163453China department of radiology the Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical UniversityHarbin 150086China

Background:According to clinical practice guidelines,transarterial chemoembolization(TACE)is the standard treatment modality for patients with intermediate-stage hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC).Early prediction of treatment response can help patients choose a reasonable treatment *** study aimed to investigate the value of the radiomic-clinical model in predicting the efficacy of the first TACE treatment for HCC to prolong patient ***:A total of 164 patients with HCC who underwent the first TACE from January 2017 to September 2021 were *** tumor response was assessed by modified response evaluation criteria in solid tumors(mRECIST),and the response of the first TACE to each session and its correlation with overall survival were *** radiomic signatures associated with the treatment response were identified by the least absolute shrinkage and selection operator(LASSO),and four machine learning models were built with different types of regions of interest(ROIs)(tumor and corresponding tissues)and the model with the best performance was *** predictive performance was assessed with receiver operating characteristic(ROC)curves and calibration ***:Of all the models,the random forest(RF)model with peritumor(+10 mm)radiomic signatures had the best performance[area under ROC curve(AUC)=0.964 in the training cohort,AUC=0.949 in the validation cohort].The RF model was used to calculate the radiomic score(Rad-score),and the optimal cutoff value(0.34)was calculated according to the Youden’s *** were then divided into a high-risk group(Rad-score>0.34)and a low-risk group(Rad-score≤0.34),and a nomogram model was successfully established to predict treatment *** predicted treatment response also allowed for significant discrimination of Kaplan-Meier *** Cox regression identified six independent prognostic factors for overall survival,including male[hazard ratio(HR)=0.500,95%confidence interva

关键词： Hepatocellular carcinoma Transarterial chemoembolization Radiomics Treatment response Prediction

Regulation of gene-edited plants in Europe:from the valley of tears into the shining sun?

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aBIOtech 2024年第2期5卷 231-238页

作者： Holger Puchta department of Molecular Biology Joseph Gottlieb Kolreuter Institute for Plant SciencesKarlsruhe Institute of Technology(KIT)Fritz-Haber-Weg 476131 KarlsruheGermany

Some 20 years ago,the EU introduced complex regulatory rules for the growth of transgenic crops,which resulted in a de facto ban to grow these plants in fields within most European *** the rise of novel genome editing technologies,it has become possible to improve crops genetically in a directed way without the need for incorporation of foreign ***,in 2018,the European Court of Justice ruled that such gene-edited plants are to be regulated like transgenic *** then,European scientists and breeders have challenged this decision and requested a revision of this outdated ***,after 5 years,the European Commission has now published a proposal on how,in the future,to regulate crops produced by new breeding *** proposal tries to find a balance between the different interest groups in *** one side,genetically modified plants,which cannot be discerned from their natural counterparts,will exclusively be used for food and feed and are-besides a registration step-not to be regulated at *** the other side,plants expressing herbicide resistance are to be excluded from this regulation,a concession to the strong environmental associations and NGOs in ***,edited crops are to be excluded from organic farming to protect the business interests of the strong organic sector in ***,if this law passes European parliament and council,unchanged,it will present a big step forward toward establishing a more sustainable European agricultural ***,it might soon be possible to develop and grow crops that are more adapted to global warming and whose cultivation will require lower amounts of ***,there is still a long way to go until the law is *** often,the storm of arguments raised by the opponents,based on irrational fears of mutations and a naive understanding of nature,has fallen on fruitful ground in Europe.

关键词： Genetically modified organism Cisgenesis Gene editing CRISPR/Cas Regulation