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World Journal of Hepatology 2021年第11期13卷 1568-1583页

作者： Abhiram Natu Anjali Singh Sanjay Gupta Epigenetics and Chromatin Biology Group Gupta LaboratoryCancer Research InstituteAdvanced Centre for TreatmentResearch and Education in CancerTata Memorial CentreKhargharNavi Mumbai 410210MaharashtraIndia Homi Bhabha National Institute Training School ComplexAnushakti NagarMumbai 400085MaharashtraIndia

Liver cancer is the sixth most commonly occurring cancer and costs millions of lives per *** diagnosis of hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)has relied on scanning techniques and serum-based markers such asα-*** measures have limitations due to their detection limits and asymptomatic conditions during the early stages,resulting in late-stage cancer diagnosis where targeted chemotherapy or systemic treatment with sorafenib is ***,the aid of conventional therapy for patients in the advanced stage of HCC has limited ***,it is essential to seek a new treatment strategy and improve the diagnostic techniques to manage the *** have used the omics profile of HCC patients for sub-classification of tissues into different groups,which has helped us with *** these efforts,a promising target for treatment has not been *** hurdle in this situation is genetic and epigenetic variations in the tumor,leading to disparities in response to *** reversible epigenetic changes along with clinical traits help to define new markers for patient categorization and design personalized *** clinical trials of inhibitors of epigenetic modifiers(also known as epi-drugs)are in ***-drugs like azacytidine or belinostat are already approved for other cancer ***,epigenetic changes have also been observed in drug-resistant HCC *** such cases,combinatorial treatment of epi-drugs with systemic therapy or trans-arterial chemoembolization might re-sensitize resistant cells.

关键词： Hepatocellular carcinoma Diagnosis Treatment Epigenetics Epi-drugs Drug resistance

End-to-end computational approach to the design of RNA biosensors for detecting miRNA biomarkers of cervical cancer

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Synthetic and Systems Biotechnology 2022年第2期7卷 802-814页

作者： Priyannth Ramasami S.Baabu Shivaramakrishna Srinivasan Swetha Nagarajan Sangeetha Muthamilselvan Thamarai Selvi Raghavv R.Suresh Ashok Palaniappan Department of Bioinformatics School of Chemical and BiotechnologySASTRA Deemed UniversityThanjavurTamil Nadu 613401India Department of Bioengineering School of Chemical and BiotechnologySASTRA Deemed UniversityThanjavurTamil Nadu613401India School of Advanced Materials Science and Engineering Sungkyunkwan University(SKKU)Suwon16419Republic of Korea Life Sciences Division TCS ResearchTata Consultancy ServicesChennaiTamil Nadu600042India

Cervical cancer is a global public health subject as it affects women in the reproductive ages,and accounts for the second largest burden among cancer patients worldwide with an unforgiving 50%mortality *** scant awareness and limited access to effective diagnosis have led to this enormous disease burden,calling for point-of-care,minimally invasive diagnosis ***,an end-to-end quantitative unified pipeline for diagnosis has been developed,beginning with identification of optimal biomarkers,concurrent design of toehold switch sensors,and finally simulation of the designed diagnostic circuits to assess *** miRNA expression data in the public domain,we identified miR-21-5p and miR-20a-5p as blood-based miRNA biomarkers specific to early-stage cervical cancer employing a multi-tier algorithmic *** riboregulators called toehold switches specific to the biomarker panel were then *** predict the dynamic range of toehold switches for use in genetic circuits as biosensors,we used a generic grammar of these switches,and built a neural network model of dynamic range using thermodynamic features derived from mRNA secondary structure and ***-generation toehold switches were used to overcome the design challenges associated with miRNA *** resultant model yielded an adj.R^(2)~0.71,outperforming earlier models of toehold-switch dynamic *** kinetics modelling was performed to predict the sensitivity of the second-generation toehold switches to the miRNA *** showed a linear response between 10 nM and 100 nM before *** study demonstrates an end-to-end computational workflow for the efficient design of genetic circuits geared towards the effective detection of unique genomic/nucleic-acid *** approach has the potential to replace iterative experimental trial and error,and focus time,money,and *** software including the toehold grammar parser,neu

关键词： Cervical cancer biosensor miRNA biomarker Synthetic toehold switches Genetic circuit design Reaction network modelling Toehold efficacy modelling Toehold switch grammar Machine learning

An Analysis and Prediction of Health Insurance Costs Using Machine Learning-Based Regressor Techniques

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Journal of Data Analysis and Information Processing 2024年第4期12卷 581-596页

作者： Gagan Kumar Patra Chandrababu Kuraku Siddharth Konkimalla Venkata Nagesh Boddapati Manikanth Sarisa Mohit Surender Reddy tata Consultancy Services Charlotte NC USA Mitaja Corportaion Woodlawn MD USA Adobe Seattle WA USA Microsoft Charlotte NC USA Ally Financial Inc Charlotte NC USA

One of the most significant annual expenses that a person has is their health insurance coverage. Health insurance accounts for one-third of GDP, and everyone needs medical treatment to varying degrees. Changes in medicine, pharmaceutical trends, and political factors are only a few of the many factors that cause annual fluctuations in healthcare costs. This paper describes how a system may analyse a person’s medical history to display their insurance plans and make predictions about their health insurance premiums. The performance of four ML models—XGBoost, Lasso, KNN, and Ridge—is evaluated using R2-score and RMSE. The analysis of medical health insurance cost prediction using Lasso regression, Ridge regression, and K-Nearest Neighbours (KNN), and XGBoost (XGB) highlights notable differences in performance. KNN has the lowest R2-score of 55.21 and an RMSE of 4431.1, indicating limited predictive ability. Ridge Regression improves on this by an R2-score of 78.38 but has a higher RMSE of 4652.06. Lasso Regression slightly edges out Ridge with an R2-score of 79.78, yet it suffers from an advanced RMSE of 5671.6. In contrast, XGBoost excels with the highest R2-score of 86.81 and the lowermost RMSE of 4450.4, demonstrating superior predictive accuracy and making it the most effective model for this task. The best method for accurately predicting health insurance premiums was XGBoost Regression. The findings beneficial for policymakers, insurers, and healthcare providers as they can use this information to allocate resources more efficiently and enhance cost-effectiveness in the healthcare industry.

关键词： Medical Cost Health Insurance Cost Prediction Medical Cost Personal Datasets Machine Learning

The Surgical Treatment and Outcome of Nonmetastatic Extremity Osteosarcoma with Pathological Fractures

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Chinese Medical Journal 2015年第19期128卷 2605-2608页

作者： Zhi-Ping Deng Yi Ding Ajay Puri Edward H M Wang Ashish Gulia Claire Durban Xiao-Hui Niu Department of Orthopaedic Oncology Surgery Beijing Ji Shui Tan HospitalPeking UniversityBeijing 100035China Department of Orthopaedic Oncology Tata Memorial HospitalMumbaiMaharashtra 400012India Department of Orthopaedics Philippine General HospitalUniversity of the PhilippinesManila 1000Philippines

Background：Recent studies have suggested that the presence of a pathological fracture does not impact on oncologic outcomes and the feasibility of limb salvage surgery （LSS） in appropriately selected patients when combined with neoadjuvant *** have largely been single institutional studies with limited *** Eastern Asian Musculoskeletal Oncology Group reviewed the data from three large volume Asian orthopedic oncology centers to determine whether the presence of a pathologic fracture affected outcomes in osteosarcoma ***：A retrospective review of the data was ***-five cases ofnonmetastatic extremity osteosarcoma with a pathological fracture and 887 cases without fracture treated during the same period were ***：In the fracture group,the LSS rate was 62.1％,and the rate of amputation was 37.9％.In the nonfracture group,the LSS rate was 74.7％,and the amputation was 25.3％.In patients with a pathologic fracture,the rate of local recurrence for LSS and amputation groups was 8.5％ and 2.8％,*** this group,the 5-year survival in the LSS group was 66％ as against.46.8％ in the amputation ***：Our study suggests that surgically treated patients with pathologic fractures in osteosarcoma have adequate local control and do not have a poorer outcome compared to patients without a *** osteosarcoma with a pathologic fracture is not a contraindication for limb salvage,appropriate case selection is important when deciding local control options to ensure adequate oncologic clearance.

关键词： Fracture Local Recurrence Osteosarcoma Survival

Potential of (18)~F-FDG-PET as a valuable adjunct to clinical and response assessment in rheumatoid arthritis and seronegative spondyloarthropathies

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World Journal of Radiology 2012年第12期4卷 462-468页

作者： Vishu Vijayant Manjit Sarma Hrushikesh Aurangabadkar Lata Bichile Sandip Basu Radiation Medicine Centre of Bhabha Atomic Research Centre Tata Memorial Centre Annexe Parel Mumbai 400012 India Department of Medicine Seth Gordhandas Sunderdas Medical College and King Edward Memorial Hospital Parel Mumbai 400012 India

AIM: To evaluate the role of fluorine-18-labeled fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography (18F-FDG PET) in various rheumatic diseases and its potential in the early assessment of treatment response in a limited number of patients. METHODS: This study involved 28 newly diagnosed patients, of these 17 had rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and 11 had seronegative spondyloarthropathy (SSA). In the SSA group, 7 patients had ankylosing spondylitis, 3 had psoriatic arthritis, and one had non-specific SSA. Patients with RA were selected as per the American College of Rheumatology criteria. One hour after FDG injection, a whole body PET scan was performed from the skull vertex to below the knee joints using a GE Advance dedicated PET scanner. Separate scans were acquired for both upper and lower limbs. Post-treatment scans were performed in 9 patients in the RA group (at 6-9 wk from baseline) and in 1 patient with psoriatic arthropathy. The pattern of FDG uptake was analysed visually and quantified as maximum standardized uptake value (SUVmax) in a standard region of interest. Metabolic response on the scan was assessed qualitatively and quantitatively and was correlated with clinical assessment. RESULTS: The qualitative FDG uptake was in agreement with the clinically involved joints, erythrocyte sedimentation rate, C-reactive protein values and the clinical assessment by the rheumatologist. All 17 patients in the RA group showed the highest FDG avidity in painful/swollen/tender joints. The uptake pattern was homogeneous, intense and poly-articular in distribution. Hypermetabolism in the regional nodes (axillary nodes in the case of upper limb joint involvement and inguinal nodes in lower limb joints) was a constant feature in patients with RA. Multiple other extra-articular lesions were also observed including thyroid glands (in associated thyroiditis) and in the subcutaneous nodules. Treatment response was better appreciated using SUVmax values than visual interpretation, w

关键词： Rheumatoid arthritis Ankylosing spondylitis Psoriatic arthritis Seronegative spondyloarthropathies Fluorine-18-labeled fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography Axillary node Treatment monitoring

Second-line treatment of advanced hepatocellular carcinoma:Time for more individualized treatment options?

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World Journal of Hepatology 2022年第6期14卷 1074-1086页

作者： Senthil Rajappa Kun-Ming Rau Palanki Satya Dattatreya Anant Ramaswamy Philana Fernandes Aarohan Pruthi Rebecca Cheng Mariusz Lukanowski Yi-Hsiang Huang Department of Medical Oncology Basavatarakam Indo-American Cancer Hospital and Research InstituteHyderabad 500034TelanganaIndia College of Medicine I-Shou UniversityKaohsiung 822Taiwan Department of Oncology Omega HospitalHyderabad 500034India Department of Oncology Tata Memorial HospitalMumbai 400012India Global Scientific Communications Eli Lilly and Company LtdCork 48006CorkIreland Medical Affairs Eli Lilly IndiaHaryana 122001India Medical Affairs Eli Lilly TaiwanTaipei 10543Taiwan Medical Affairs Eli LillyHerlev 2370Denmark Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Department of MedicineTaipei Veterans General HospitalInstitute of Clinical MedicineNational Yang-Ming Yang Ming Chiao Tung University School of MedicineTaipei 112Taiwan

Hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)is the most frequently diagnosed primary tumor of the liver and is usually detected as advanced *** is an aggressive disease that often progresses rapidly when it fails to respond to *** such,patients have limited opportunities to try different subsequent-line treatment *** the last 5 years,the number of agents and/or regimens available for the treatment of advanced HCC has significantly increased,which has made treatment choices for this patient population increasingly *** the secondline setting,several phase III trials of regorafenib(RESORCE),ramucirumab(REACH/REACH-2),and cabozantinib(CELESTIAL)have demonstrated clinically meaningful survival benefits in patients with the ***,the median overall survival of patients with advanced HCC remains unchanged at approximately 12 mo from the start of systemic second-line therapy,with a limited duration of *** from the REACH/REACH-2 trials demonstrated for the first time that baseline alpha-fetoprotein(AFP)levels can be used as an identification factor to select those who are likely to benefit the most from ramucirumab *** is both well tolerated and efficacious and has a clinically acceptable safety ***,it should be considered an option for patients with AFP levels≥400 ng/mL.

关键词： Hepatocellular carcinoma Alpha-fetoprotein Prognostic factor Ramucirumab Second-line treatment Survival

First-line atezolizumab monotherapy versus single-agent chemotherapy in patients with non-small-cell lung cancer ineligible for treatment with a platinum-containing regimen(IPSOS):a phase 3,global,multicentre,open-label,randomised controlled study

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四川生理科学杂志 2023年第8期45卷 1332-1332页

作者： Siow Ming Lee Christian Schulz Kumar Prabhash Department of Oncology University College London Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust CRUK Lung Cancer Centre of Excellence and UCL Cancer Institute London UK Bereich Pneumologie Klinik und Poliklinik für Innere Medizin II University Hospital Regensburg Regensburg Germany Department of Medical Oncology Tata Memorial Hospital Mumbai India Department of Lung Cancer and Thoracic Tumors Maria Sklodowska-Curie National Research Institute of Oncology Warsaw Poland Department of Lung Diseases Mazowieckie Centrum Leczenia Chorób Płuc i Gruźlicy Otwock Poland Department of Pulmonary Medicine Shanghai Chest Hospital Shanghai Jiao Tong University Shanghai China Department of Thoracic Oncology LKI Lungenfachklinik Immenhausen Immenhausen Germany Department of Oncology Royal Cornwall Hospitals NHS Trust Truro UK Medical Oncology Department Hospital Universitario Virgen Macarena Seville Spain Department of Medical Oncology The Christie NHS Foundation Trust and Division of Cancer Sciences University of Manchester Manchester UK Department of Medical Oncology AAST H S Gerardo Monza Monza Italy Cho Ray Cancer Centre Cho Ray Hospital Ho Chi Minh City Viet Nam Department of Thoracic Oncology National Clinical Research Centre for Cancer Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute & Hospital Tianjin China Medical Oncology and Hematology Princess Margaret Cancer Centre Toronto ON Canada Department of Oncology National Cancer Institute IRCCS Regina Elena Rome Italy Oncologico Potosino San Luis Potosí Mexico Department of Thoracic Oncology Lungen Clinic Grosshansdorf Airway Research Centre North German Centre for Lung Research Grosshansdorf Germany Department of Medical Oncology Catalan Institute of Oncology Hospital Duran i Reynals L'Hospitalet Barcelona Spain Department of Medical Oncology Instituto do Cancer do Estado de Sao Paulo Hospital das Clinicas da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de Sao Paulo Sao Paulo Brazil F Hoffmann-La Roche Basel Switzerland Centre Hospita

Background:Despite immunotherapy advancements for patients with advanced or metastatic non-small-cell lung cancer(NSCLC),pivotal first-line trials were limited to patients with an Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group performance status(ECOG PS)0-1 and a median age of 65 years or *** aimed to compare the efficacy and safety of first-line atezolizumab monotherapy with single-agent chemotherapy in patients ineligible for platinum-based ***:This trial was a phase 3,open-label,randomised controlled study conducted at 91 sites in 23 countries across Asia,Europe,North America,and South *** patients had stage IIIB or IV NSCLC in whom platinum-doublet chemotherapy was deemed unsuitable by the investigator due to an ECOG PS 2 or 3,or alternatively,being 70 years or older with an ECOG PS 0-1 with substantial comorbidities or contraindications for platinum-doublet *** were randomised 2:1 by permuted-block randomisation(block size of six)to receive 1200 mg of atezolizumab given intravenously every 3 weeks or single-agent chemotherapy(vinorelbine[oral or intravenous]or gemcitabine[intravenous];dosing per local label)at 3-weekly or 4-weekly *** primary endpoint was overall survival assessed in the intention-to-treat *** analyses were conducted in the safety-evaluable population,which included all randomised patients who received any amount of atezolizumab or *** trial is registered with ***,NCT03191786.

关键词： patients platinum random