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Cytogenetic Profile in 7209 Indian Patients with de novo Acute Leukemia: A Single Centre Study from India

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Journal of Cancer Therapy 2016年第7期7卷 530-544页

作者： P. S. Kadam Amare H. Jain S. Kabre Y. Deshpande P. Pawar S. Banavali H. Menon M. Sengar B. Arora N. Khattry G. Narula D. Sarang S. Kaskar B. Bagal H. Jain Uma Dangi P. G. Subramanian S. Gujral Cancer Cytogenetics Department Tata Memorial Hospital Mumbai India Department of Medical Oncology Tata Memorial Hospital Mumbai India Hematopathology Laboratory Department of Pathology Tata Memorial Hospital Mumbai India

Background: Cytogenetics is one of the most important diagnostic parameters in the classification of acute leukemia. Recurrent chromosomal aberrations in acute leukemia have provided insights into the molecular mechanism of leukemogenesis. The variable frequencies of recurrent cytogenetic markers due to ethical/racial differences have been reported from Western and some Asian countries. Objective: We report cytogenetic data of largest cohort of 7209 adult and pediatric patients with de novo acute leukemia (AL) to determine the prevalence of various cytogenetic sub groups and compare with the Western and Asian population. Material & Methods: The AL patients included 2609 AML (adult: 2042, pediatric: 567), 3708 B-cell-precursor (BCP)-ALL (adult: 1300, pediatric: 2408) and 892 cases of T-ALL (adult: 480, pediatric: 412). Cytogenetic studies included conventional karyotyping and FISH using panel of probes. Results: The incidence of t(8;21) was high, comparable to other Asian countries. In comparison to our series and Western population, t(15;17) was more prevalent in Chinese population. Cytogenetic profiling of BCP-ALL revealed low prevalence of ETV6/RUNX1 in ours as well as other Asian population. The MLL aberrations in BCP-ALL and TLX1 & TLX3 aberrations in T-ALL occurred less frequently in our series as compared with Western population. Conclusion: The present study with a large cohort showed the heterogeneity of AL that involved various factors, such as age, gender and prevalence of distinct cytogenetic subgroups. Our data in comparison with other population based studies revealed differential distribution of some cytogenetic sub-groups indicating geographic heterogeneity due to differential environmental exposure which probably influenced underlying genetic susceptibility.

关键词： Cytogenetics Acute Leukemia Incidence Asian Population Geographic Heterogeneity

Characterization of Genomic Events Other than Ph and Evaluation of Prognostic Influence on Imatinib in Chronic Myeloid Leukemia (CML): A Study on 1449 Patients from India

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Journal of Cancer Therapy 2016年第4期7卷 285-296页

作者： P. S. Kadam Amare H. Jain S. Kabre D. Walke H. Menon M. Sengar N. Khatri B. Bagal U. Dangi H. Jain P. G. Subramanian S. Gujral Cancer Cytogenetics Department Tata Memorial Hospital Mumbai India Department of Medical Oncology Tata Memorial Hospital Mumbai India Hematopathology Laboratory Department of Pathology Tata Memorial Hospital Mumbai India

Background: Analysis of Philadelphia (Ph) chromosome, a hallmark of chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) plays an important role in disease monitoring of the targeted drug Imatinib. Apart from Ph, genomic imbalances such as additional chromosomal abnormalities (ACAs) of major route occur during transformation of the disease and show negative impact on prognosis. Objective: The present study was carried out to investigate frequencies of ACAs, genomic deletions, complex Ph variants and their prognostic influences in a large cohort of newly diagnosed CML-CP (chronic phase) and CML-AP/BP (accelerated/blast phase). Material & Methods: Retrospective, single institutional study on 1367 cases of CML-CP and 82 cases of CML-AP/BP between 2009 and 2015, using conventional cytogenetics along with fluorescence in situ hybridization. Results: Of the 1367 patients in CML-CP, 1041 patients who completed 12 - 18 months of Imatinib therapy showed complete cytogenetic remission (CCyR) rates of 76% and 82% at 12 and 18 months respectively. Imatinib induced 81% and 33% CCyR in CML-AP and CML-BP respectively. Frequencies of ACAs in CML-CP, AP and BP were 2%, 27% and 67% respectively. Patients in chronic and AP/BP phase with ACAs showed resistance to Imatinib (p < 0.0005). The incidence of genomic deletions and complex Ph variants was 21% and 6.3% respectively with no comparable difference of cytogenetic response to Imatinib (p p < 0.210 respectively). In a cohort of 112 patients in CCyR, development of new clonal abnormalities, more frequently trisomy 8 was detected in Ph negative clone. Conclusion: Our data demonstrated that Imatinib as a frontline therapy had significantly improved management of CML. However, ACAs play an important role in resistance to Imatinib, both in chronic and acute phase, which may limit sole ABL targeted therapy.

关键词： CML ACAs CCyR Genomic Deletions Imatinib

Light Induced Green Synthesis of Silver Nanoparticles Using Aqueous Extract of Prunus amygdalus

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Green and Sustainable Chemistry 2016年第1期6卷 26-33页

作者： Sista Kameswara Srikar Deen Dayal Giri Dan Bahadur Pal Pradeep Kumar Mishra Siddh Nath Upadhyay Department of Chemical Engineering & Technology Indian Institute of Technology (BHU) Varanasi Varanasi Uttar Pradesh India tata steel Jamshedpur Jharkhand India Department of Botany IFTM University Moradabad Uttar Pradesh India

Light driven, photon mediated green synthesis of silver nano-particles (AgNPs) was carried out using aqueous silver nitrate solution (1 mM) and aqueous extract of almond (Prunus amygdalus). Experiments were carried out in dark, diffused sunlight and direct sunlight to study the influence of light intensity as well as by wrapping the reaction tubes with colored cellophane filters (violet, green, yellow and red) to investigate the effect of light color on AgNP synthesis. It was observed that the violet filter enhanced the AgNPs synthesis appreciably. The FTIR spectroscopic analysis confirmed participation of bio-molecules with hydroxyl and amide groups present in the almond extract as reducing and capping or stabilizing agents, respectively. Dynamic light scattering (DLS) studies revealed the particle size distribution of nano-particles as 2 – 400 nm, and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) confirmed their spherical shape with an average size of about 20 nm. Growth analysis of AgNPs revealed an increase in number of nano-particles with time, whereas their rate of growth decreased gradually. The AgNP suspension was stable even beyond 3 weeks.

关键词： AgNPs Nano-Particles Green Synthesis Prunus amygdalus

Green Synthesis of Silver Nanoparticles: A Review

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Green and Sustainable Chemistry 2016年第1期6卷 34-56页

The bio-molecules from various plant components and microbial species have been used as potential agents for the synthesis of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs). In spite of a wide range of bio-molecules assisting in the process, synthesizing stable and widely applicable AgNPs by many researchers still poses a considerable challenge to the researchers. The biological agents for synthesizing AgNPs cover compounds produced naturally in microbes and plants. More than 100 different biological sources for synthesizing AgNPs are reported in the past decade by various authors. Reaction parameters under which the AgNPs were being synthesized hold prominent impact on their size, shape and application. Available published information on AgNPs synthesis, effects of various parameters, characterization techniques, properties and their application are summarised and critically discussed in this review.

关键词： AgNPs Green Synthesis Silver Nano Plant Extract Microbe

Comprehensive Genetic Analysis by Integration of Conventional Karyotyping and Interphase FISH Helps Refinement of Biological Subclasses with Clinical Impact in Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia

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Journal of Cancer Therapy 2016年第6期7卷 427-438页

作者： P. S. Kadam Amare S. Kakade K. Chopra M. Sengar H. Menon H. Jain B. Bagal P. G. Subramanian S. Gujral Cancer Cytogenetics Department Tata Memorial Hospital Mumbai India Department of Medical Oncology Tata Memorial Hospital Mumbai India Hematopathology Laboratory Department of Pathology Tata Memorial Hospital Mumbai India

Background: Various genetic technologies have been employed in the identification of genomic complexity and refinement of prognostic classification of clinically heterogeneous disease of chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL). Objective: The present study of interphase cytogenetics and conventional karyotyping was undertaken to perform comprehensive analysis of CLL genetics with an approach to refine early prognostication of disease. Material & Methods: Retrospective analysis by fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) was carried out on total 671 patients of CLL at diagnosis between 2008 and 2015. Conventional cytogenetics studies were performed in 50 of 671 patients using CPG Oligonucleotide + IL-2 and TPA (12-O-Tetradecanyl Phorbol 13-acetate) for stimulation of lymphocytes cultures. Results: Interphase cytogenetics could detect recurrent abnormalities such as del(13q14), +12, del(17p13), del(11q22), del(6q23) in 71% of cases. The incidence of del(13q) was higher in Rai stage 0, I, II (p = 0.0005);whereas patients with ≥2 aberrations were more common in advance stage III, IV (p = 0.001). Frequency of IgH translocation was 7%. Morphology and immunophenotypic analysis revealed atypical CLL with higher frequency of t(14;19) than t(14;18). Conventional karyotype could detect abnormal karyotype in 97% of cases which displayed targeted FISH abnormalities along with additional non-targeted chromosomal abnormalities. Patients with negative FISH markers showed clonal non-recurrent numerical and structural changes. The complex karyotype was identified in 24% cases which included targeted FISH aberrations as well as non-targeted numerical and structural abnormalities like deletions, and unbalanced translocations. A significant association was observed between complex karyotype and coexistence of ≥2 FISH markers (p = 0.009) and del(11q22) &/or del(17p) (p = 0.03). Conclusion: Our data of interphase FISH with integration of conventional karyotyping revealed genomic complexity th

关键词： CLL FISH Complex Karyotype Biological Subclasses Prognostic Groups

Time-course data prediction for repeatedly measured gene expression

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International Journal of Biomathematics 2019年第4期12卷 39-54页

作者： Atanu Bhattacharjee Gajendra K.Vishwakarma Section of Biostatistics Centre for Cancer Epidemiology Tata Memorial Centre Navi Mumbai 410210India Department of Applied Mathematics Indian Institute of Technology (ISM) Dhanbad-826004India

Variability in time course gene expression data is a natural phenomenon. The intention of this work is to predict the future time point data through observed sample data point. The Bayesian inference is carried to serve the objective. A total of 6 replicates 3 time point's data of 218 genes expression is adopted to illustrate the method. The estimates are found consistent with HPD interval to predict the future time point gene expression value. This proposed method can be adopted in other gene expression data setup to predict the future time course data.

关键词： Crossover trial Bayesian algorithm multiple imputation three arms threeperiods

Spontaneous Quantum Gravity

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Journal of High Energy Physics, Gravitation and Cosmology 2021年第3期7卷 880-905页

作者： Tejinder P. Singh tata Institute of Fundamental Research Mumbai India

This article gives an elementary account of the recently proposed theory of spontaneous quantum gravity. It is argued that a viable quantum theory of gravity should be falsifiable, and hence it should dynamically expl... 详细信息

关键词： Quantum Gravity Trace Dynamics Non-Commutative Geometry Spontaneous Localisation General Relativity

Globalization and Socio-educational Inequalities： A Study of Privatization of Higher Education in India

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Sociology Study 2011年第2期1卷 121-142页

作者： Dhaneswar Bhoi tata Institute of Social Sciences Mumbai India

India is the world＇s largest democracy. The preamble of the constitution enshrines the values of a socialist, secular and equality. The aim was to create a society, based on fair and equitable distribution of resources and bringing the weaker sections to the mainstream of the society. However with the entry of globalization rapid changes were being made in the structural policy. Markets started taking over from where the state left off. it has been two decades and half since the liberalization, privatization and globalization phase was ushered in. Subsequently, privatization of education is rampant in each part of education system of India. The main objective of this paper is to find out socio-educational inequality at higher education level and to explore the educational participation, attainment and performance of scheduled castes at higher education level. Basically, this study is an empirical and exploratory research. Data collection and analysis were done through the data triangulation methods in this research process.

关键词： Globalization higher educational inequality scheduled castes privatization of education

Study the Removal of Fluoride from Aqueous Medium by Using Nano-Composites

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Journal of Encapsulation and Adsorption Sciences 2015年第1期5卷 38-52页

作者： Tapan K. Rout Reeta Verma Robert V. Dennis Sarbajit Banerjee Research & Development Tata Steel Ltd. Jamshedpur India Department of Environment Birla Institute of Technology (BIT) Mesra Ranchi India Department of Chemistry Texas A&M University College Station TX USA

Endemic fluorosis disease has become a major geo-environmental health care issue caused by fluoride ion. High-efficiency and low-cost materials to uptake fluoride from water have been a chal-lenge for scientists and engineers. Here, we report a low-cost process by utilising low-cost starting materials to develop nanocomposite adsorbents for fluoride uptake from water. Bermuda grass as a starting source material converted into nanocomposite carbon fibers upon heat treatment at 800°C for one hour in Nitrogen atmosphere in the presence of metal oxides. Iron oxide-based nanocomposite (IBNC) is performing high (≈97%) removal of fluoride ion at a contact time of 60 minutes (pH 4) followed by titania-based nanocomposite (TBNC) (≈92%) and micro carbon fiber (≈88%) respectively. The phenomenon of fluoride ion uptake is realised by Freundlich adsorption model, and both adsorption capacity and adsorption intensity for IBNC are higher than those for TBNC and micro carbon fiber.

关键词： Adsorption Nano-Oxides Grafted Carbon Fiber Thermal CVD Fluoride