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Relationship between Natural Fracture and Structural Style and its Implication for Tight Gas Enrichment:A Case Study of Deep Ahe Formation in the Dibei–Tuzi Area,Kuqa Depression

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Acta Geologica Sinica(English Edition) 2024年第4期98卷 1086-1110页

作者： XIA Lu XI Kelai YANG Xianzhang HAN Zhanghua XU Zhenping ZHOU Lu YU Guoding WANG Daoshen WANG Weiyu School of petroleum Engineering Shandong Institute of Petroleum and Chemical TechnologyDongyingShandong 257061China National Key Laboratory of Deep Oil and Gas China University of Petroleum(East China)QingdaoShandong 266580China Research Institute of petroleum exploration and development PetroChina Tarim Oilfield CompanyKorlaXinjiang 841000China

The deep Lower Jurassic Ahe Formation(J_(1a))in the Dibei–Tuzi area of the Kuqa Depression has not been extensively explored because of the complex distribution of fractures.A study was conducted to investigate the relationship between the natural fracture distribution and structural *** J_(1a)fractures in this area were mainly high-angle shear fractures.A backward thrust structure(BTS)is favorable for gas migration and accumulation,probably because natural fractures are more developed in the middle and upper parts of a thick competent *** opposing thrust structure(OTS)was strongly compressed,and the natural fractures in the middle and lower parts of the thick competent layer around the fault were more *** vertical fracture distribution in the thick competent layers of an imbricate-thrust structure(ITS)differs from that of BTS and *** intensity of the fractures in the ITS anticline is similar to that in the *** density in monoclinic strata in a ITS is controlled by ***,the structural style controls the configuration of faults and anticlines,and the stress on the competent layers,which significantly affects deep gas reservoir *** enrichment of deep tight sandstone gas is likely controlled by two closely spaced faults and a fault-related anticline.

关键词： fracture distribution structural style deep tight sandstone electrical image logging Kuqa Depression tarim Basin

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CO_(2)flooding in shale oil reservoir with radial borehole fracturing for CO_(2)storage and enhanced oil recovery

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petroleum Science 2024年第1期21卷 519-534页

作者： Jia-Cheng Dai Tian-Yu Wang Jin-Tao Weng Kang-Jian Tian Li-Ying Zhu Gen-Sheng Li State Key Laboratory of petroleum Resources and Prospecting China University of PetroleumBeijing102249China China National Oil and Gas exploration and development company Limited Beijing100034China

This study introduces a novel method integrating CO_(2)flooding with radial borehole fracturing for enhanced oil recovery and CO_(2)underground storage,a solution to the limited vertical stimulation reservoir volume in horizontal well fracturing.A numerical model is established to investigate the production rate,reservoir pressure field,and CO_(2)saturation distribution corresponding to changing time of CO_(2)flooding with radial borehole fracturing.A sensitivity analysis on the influence of CO_(2)injection location,layer spacing,pressure difference,borehole number,and hydraulic fractures on oil production and CO_(2)storage is *** CO_(2)flooding process is divided into four *** in layer spacing will significantly improve oil production rate and gas storage ***,serious gas channeling can occur when the spacing is lower than 20 *** the pressure difference between the producer and injector,the borehole number,the hydraulic fracture height,and the fracture width can also increase the oil production rate and gas storage *** analysis shows that layer spacing and fracture height greatly influence gas storage and oil *** outcomes are expected to provide a theoretical basis for the efficient development of shale oil reservoirs in the vertical direction.

关键词： Shale oil Radial borehole fracturing Embedded discrete fracture model Enhanced oil recovery Carbon storage

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Fracturing timing of Jurassic reservoirs in the Dibei-Tuziluoke gas field,Kuqa foreland basin:Evidence from petrography,fluid inclusions,and clumped isotopes

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Energy Geoscience 2024年第2期5卷 129-140页

作者： Guoding Yu Wenfang Yuan Kelai Xi Yin Liu Shuai Wang Zhenping Xu Jing Yuan Lu Zhou Keyu Liu Key Laboratory of Deep Oil and Gas China University of PetroleumQingdaoShandong266580China Research Institute of petroleum exploration and development Tarim Oil FieldCNPCKorla841000China

Determining the timing of fracturing is crucial for understanding reservoir evolution and hydrocarbon accumulation in foreland *** fracturing data from cores,borehole images,and outcrops,combined with the clumped isotope(D47)and fluid inclusion analyses of carbonate minerals filled in pores and fractures,this study ascertained the fracturing timing of the Jurassic reservoirs in the Dibei-Tuziluoke Gas Field,Kuqa Foreland *** from outcrops and borehole images show two dominant fracture sets in the study area:W-E and NE-SW striking *** W-E striking fractures are carbonate-filled,while NE-SW striking fractures lack mineral *** veins,not easy to be identified in borehole images,are prevalent in *** petrographic analysis reveals that these bitumen veins formed before the calcite cementation in pores and display high viscosity and low *** temperatures(T_(h))from primary fluid inclusion assemblages in two representative calcite vein samples were notably lower than T△_(47) values from corresponding *** suggests the △_(47) signature underwent alteration due to partial reordering during ***,△_(47)-derived temperatures(apparent temperatures)may not faithfully represent the mineral precipitation *** plotting these apparent temperatures *** burial history,only the possible latest ages of fracturing *** ages were further refined by considering petroleum charging,tectonic evolution,and stress ***-filled fractures likely resulted from the Late Cretaceous uplift,marking the migration of low-maturity hydrocarbons in the study ***-filled E-W striking fractures emerged during the late Miocene(~13e6.5 Ma)alongside fold ***-striking fractures that crosscut W-E ones possibly formed recently due to stress reorientation.

关键词： Fracture Borehole imaging Bitumen vein Clumped isotope Fracturing timing

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Research on Quantitative Identification of Three-Dimensional Connectivity of Fractured-Vuggy Reservoirs

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Energy Engineering 2024年第5期121卷 1195-1207页

作者： Xingliang Deng Peng Cao Yintao Zhang Yuhui Zhou Xiao Luo Liang Wang exploration and development Research Institute PetroChina Tarim Oilfield CompanyKorla841000China PetroChina Hangzhou Research Institute of Geology Hangzhou310023China School of petroleum Engineering Yangtze UniversityWuhan430100China

The fractured-vuggy carbonate oil resources in the western basin of China are extremely *** connectivity of carbonate reservoirs is complex,and there is still a lack of clear understanding of the development and topological structure of the pore space in fractured-vuggy ***,effective prediction of fractured-vuggy reservoirs is *** view of this,this work employs adaptive point cloud technology to reproduce the shape and capture the characteristics of a fractured-vuggy *** identify the complex connectivity among pores,fractures,and vugs,a simplified one-dimensional connectivity model is established by using the meshless connection element method(CEM).Considering that different types of connection units have different flow characteristics,a sequential coupling calculation method that can efficiently calculate reservoir pressure and saturation is *** automatic history matching,the dynamic production data is fitted in real-time,and the characteristic parameters of the connection unit are *** results show that the three-dimensional connectivity model of the fractured-vuggy reservoir built in this work is as close as 90%of the fine grid model,while the dynamic simulation efficiency is much higher with good accuracy.

关键词： Fractured-vuggy reservoir three-dimensional connectivity connection unit dynamic prediction automatic history matching

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Microscopic experiment on efficient construction of underground gas storages converted from water-invaded gas reservoirs

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petroleum exploration and development 2024年第1期51卷 203-212页

作者： JIANG Tongwen QI Huan WANG Zhengmao LI Yiqiang WANG Jinfang LIU Zheyu CAO Jinxin PetroChina company Limited Beijing 100007China National Key Laboratory of petroleum Resources and Engineering China University of Petroleum(Beijing)Beijing 102249China College of petroleum Engineering China University of Petroleum(Beijing)Beijing 102249China PetroChina petroleum&New Energies company Beijing 100007China PetroChina Research Institute of petroleum exploration&development Beijing 100083China

Based on the microfluidic technology,a microscopic visualization model was used to simulate the gas injection process in the initial construction stage and the bottom water invasion/gas injection process in the cyclical injection-production stage of the underground gas storage(UGS)rebuilt from water-invaded gas *** analysis of the gas-liquid contact stabilization mechanism,flow and occurrence,the optimal control method for lifecycle efficient operation of UGS was *** results show that in the initial construction stage of UGS,the action of gravity should be fully utilized by regulating the gas injection rate,so as to ensure the macroscopically stable migration of the gas-liquid contact,and greatly improve the gas sweeping capacity,providing a large pore space for gas storage in the subsequent cyclical injection-production *** the cyclical injection-production stage of UGS,a constant gas storage and production rate leads to a low pore space *** increasing the gas storage and production rate,that is,transitioning from small volume to large volume,can continuously break the hydraulic equilibrium of the remaining fluid in the porous media,which then expands the pore space and flow *** is conducive to the expansion of UGS capacity and efficiency for purpose of peak shaving and supply guarantee.

关键词： water-invaded gas-reservoir underground gas storage cyclical injection-production gas-water contact gas storage and production rate UGS capacity expansion control method

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Characteristics and genetic mechanism of the Mesoproterozoic rift system,Ordos Basin,China

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Energy Geoscience 2024年第1期5卷 141-152页

作者： Meng Li Xiangbin Yan Wei Zhang Yuanling Guo Chaoying Liu Lingling Fan Shuang Yang petroleum exploration and Production Research Institute SINOPECBeijing100083China exploration and development Research Institute SINOPEC North China CompanyZhengzhouHenan450006China

The Mesoproterozoic rifts are developed in the Ordos Basin located in the western margin of the North China *** on the latest 3D seismic data and previous research results,this study intends to discuss the zonal differential deformation characteristics and genetic mechanism of the Mesoproterozoic rifts in the Ordos ***-trending rifts are developed in the Mesoproterozoic in the south-central Ordos Basin,the main part of which are located near the western margin of the North China ***-trending rifts are developed in the north of the basin,while NW-NNW rifts in the Mesoproterozoic in Hangjinqi *** genetic mechanism of the Mesoproterozoic rifts is related to regional extensional stress field,plate boundary conditions and internal preexisting *** main extensional stress direction strikes NWW-SSE(120°)in the western margin of the North China Plate,based on the forward rift trend of the northern *** Hangjinqi area,the reactivation of the existing NWtrending Wulansu fault and NW-NW-trending Daolao fault,results in dextral shear stress *** boundary between the western margin of the North China Plate and its adjacent plates forms a nearly NS-trending preexisting basement tectonic belt,which intersects with the NWW-SSE(120°)extensional stress at an acute angle of 60°.Therefore,the western margin of the North China Plate is formed by oblique normal faults under oblique *** to the long time span of Columbia Supercontinent breakup(1.8e1.6 Ga),the oblique rift in the south-central Ordos Basin is formed under the continuous oblique extension at the western margin of the North China Plate.

关键词： Columbia Supercontinent Ordos Basin Rift system Mesoproterozoic Genetic mechanism

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Geochemical identification of a source rock affected by migrated hydrocarbons and its geological significance:Fengcheng Formation,southern Mahu Sag,Junggar Basin,NW China

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petroleum Science 2024年第1期21卷 100-114页

作者： Wen-Long Dang Gang Gao Xin-Cai You Ke-Ting Fan Jun Wu De-Wen Lei Wen-Jun He Yong Tang State Key Laboratory of petroleum Resource and Prospecting China University of Petroleum(Beijing)Beijing102249China School of GeoSciences China University of Petroleum(Beijing)Beijing102249China exploration&development Institute Xinjiang Oil Field CompanyKaramay834000XinjiangChina

The Fengcheng Formation is a crucial source rock and the primary reservoir for oil accumulation in the Mahu *** oils are distributed throughout the Fengcheng Formation,ranging from the edge to the interior of the sag in the southern Mahu *** crude oils originate from in-situ source rocks in shallowly buried areas and the inner deep *** migration,the crude oil from the inner deep sag affects the source rocks close to carrier beds,leading to changes in the organic geochemical characteristics of the source *** changes might alter source rock evaluations and oil-source *** on data such as total organic carbon(TOC),Rock-Eval pyrolysis of source rocks,and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry(GC-MS)of the saturated fraction,and considering the geological characteristics of the study area,we define the identification characteristics of source rock affected by migrated hydrocarbons and establish the various patterns of influence that migrated hydrocarbons have on the source rock of the Fengcheng Formation in the southern Mahu *** source rocks of the Fengcheng Formation are mostly fair to good,containing mainly Type II organic matter and being thermally mature enough to generate *** rocks affected by migrated hydrocarbons exhibit relatively high hydrocarbon contents(S1/TOC>110 mg HC/g TOC,Extract/TOC>30%,HC:hydrocarbon),relatively low Rock-Eval Tmax values,and relatively high tricyclic terpane contents with a descending and mountain-shaped ***,biomarker composition parameters indicate a higher thermal maturity than in-situ source *** a comparison of the extract biomarker fingerprints of adjacent reservoirs and mudstones in different boreholes,three types of influence patterns of migrated hydrocarbons are identified:the edge-influence of thin sandstone-thick mudstone,the mixed-influence of sandstone-mudstone interbedded,and the full-influence of thick sandstone-thin *** finding reminds

关键词： Organic geochemistry Source rock Influence of migrated hydrocarbons Fengcheng Formation Southern Mahu Sag

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Quantitative effect of kerogen type on the hydrocarbon generation potential of Paleogene lacustrine source rocks,Liaohe Western Depression,China

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petroleum Science 2024年第1期21卷 14-30页

作者： Sha-Sha Hui Xiong-Qi Pang Fu-Jie Jiang Chen-Xi Wang Shu-Xing Mei Tao Hu Hong Pang Min Li Xiao-Long Zhou Kan-Yuan Shi State Key Laboratory of petroleum Resources and Prospecting China University of Petroleum(Beijing)Beijing102249China College of Geosciences China University of Petroleum(Beijing)Beijing102249China exploration and development Research Institute PetroChina Liaohe Oilfield CompanyPanjin 124010LiaoningChina

Kerogen types exert a decisive effect on the onset and capacity of hydrocarbon generation of source *** source rocks in the Liaohe Western Depression are characterized by thick deposition,high total organic carbon(TOC)content,various kerogen types,and a wide range of thermal ***,their hydrocarbon generation potential and resource estimation can be *** this study,geochemical tests,numerical analysis,hydrocarbon generation kinetics,and basin modeling were integrated to investigate the differential effects of kerogen types on the hydrocarbon generation potential of lacustrine source *** hydrocarbon generation and expulsion(HGE)models of different kerogen types were established quantitatively upon abundant Rock-Eval/TOC/vitrinite reflectance(R_(o))*** sets of good-excellent source rocks deposited in the fourth(Es4),third(Es3),and first(Es1)members of Paleogene Shahejie Formation,are predominantly types I-II_(1),II_(1)-II_(2),and II-III,*** activation energy of types I-II_(2)kerogen is concentrated(180-230 kcal/mol),whereas that of type III kerogen is widely distributed(150-280 kcal/mol).The original hydrocarbon generation potentials of types I,II_(1),II_(2),and III kerogens are 790,510,270,and 85 mg/g TOC,*** Ro values of the hydrocarbon generation threshold for type I-III source rocks gradually increase from 0.42%to 0.74%,and Ro values of the hydrocarbon expulsion threshold increase from 0.49%to 0.87%.Types I and II_(1)source rocks are characterized by earlier hydrocarbon generation,more rapid hydrocarbon expulsion,and narrower hydrocarbon generation windows than types II_(2)and III source *** kerogen types also affect the HGE history and resource *** types(conventional,tight,and shale oil/gas)and three levels(realistic,expected,and prospective)of hydrocarbon resources of different members in the Liaohe Western Depression are *** suggest that t

关键词： Kerogen type Hydrocarbon generation potential Lacustrine source rocks Liaohe western depression

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Genesis and Accumulation of Paleo-Oil Reservoir in Dabei Area,Kuqa Depression,Northwest China:Implications for Tight-Gas Accumulation

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Journal of Earth Science 2024年第2期35卷 655-665页

作者： Fujie Jiang Xiao Chen Pengwei Wang Xinghe Shao Haijun Yang State Energy Center for Shale Oil Research and development Beijing102206China National Key Laboratory of Oil and Gas Resources and Engineering Beijing102249China College of Geosciences China University of PetroleumBeijing102249China CNOOC International Ltd. Beijing100027China Research Institute of petroleum exploration&Production SINOPECBeijing100083China Research Institute of petroleum exploration and development Tarim OilfieldPetroChinaKorla841000China

Paleo-oil reservoir is of great importance to understand hydrocarbon enrichment mechanism and hydrocarbon exploration potential,but is yet poorly investigated in Kuqa *** occurrence of the paleo-oil reservoir in Dabei area was proved by quantitative grain fluorescence(QGF)and fluid inclusion *** history of the paleo-oil reservoir was reconstructed through:(1)oil-source correlation;(2)time coupling of source rock maturation,porosity evolution and migration *** impact of paleo-oil reservoir on tight-gas accumulation was consequently *** suggest that considerable oil was accumulated in the K_(1)bs reservoir with paleo oil-water contact in Dabei 2 Well and Dabei 201 Well at 5800 and 6040 m,*** oil was primarily sourced from Triassic source rocks with Jurassic source rocks of secondary importance,which was at oil generation window(0.7%–1.1%Ro)during 9–6 and 7.5–5 Ma,*** occurrence of K_(1)bs tight reservoir(porosity<12%)was about 25 Ma,while faults and associated fractures at Kelasue structural belt were developed approximately from 8 to 3.5 ***,the tight oil accumulation was formed during 8–5 *** paleo-oil reservoir in Dabei 1 gas field was destroyed by the evaporation fractionation in later stage.

关键词： Paleo-oil reservoir Dabei area Kuqa Depression Northwest China petroleum geology

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A semi-analytical model for coupled flow in stress-sensitive multi-scale shale reservoirs with fractal characteristics

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petroleum Science 2024年第1期21卷 327-342页

作者： Qian Zhang Wen-Dong Wang Yu-Liang Su Wei Chen Zheng-Dong Lei Lei Li Yong-Mao Hao Key Laboratory of Unconventional Oil&Gas development(China University of petroleum(East China)) Ministry of EducationQingdao266580ShandongChina School of petroleum Engineering China University of Petroleum(East China)Qingdao266580ShandongChina Shale Oil development Branch Changqing Oilfield CompanyPetroChinaQingyang745708GansuChina PetroChina Research Institute of petroleum exploration&development Beijing100083China

A large number of nanopores and complex fracture structures in shale reservoirs results in multi-scale flow of oil. With the development of shale oil reservoirs, the permeability of multi-scale media undergoes changes due to stress sensitivity, which plays a crucial role in controlling pressure propagation and oil flow. This paper proposes a multi-scale coupled flow mathematical model of matrix nanopores, induced fractures, and hydraulic fractures. In this model, the micro-scale effects of shale oil flow in fractal nanopores, fractal induced fracture network, and stress sensitivity of multi-scale media are considered. We solved the model iteratively using Pedrosa transform, semi-analytic Segmented Bessel function, Laplace transform. The results of this model exhibit good agreement with the numerical solution and field production data, confirming the high accuracy of the model. As well, the influence of stress sensitivity on permeability, pressure and production is analyzed. It is shown that the permeability and production decrease significantly when induced fractures are weakly supported. Closed induced fractures can inhibit interporosity flow in the stimulated reservoir volume (SRV). It has been shown in sensitivity analysis that hydraulic fractures are beneficial to early production, and induced fractures in SRV are beneficial to middle production. The model can characterize multi-scale flow characteristics of shale oil, providing theoretical guidance for rapid productivity evaluation.

关键词： Multi-scale coupled flow Stress sensitivity Shale oil Micro-scale effect Fractal theory

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