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Epidemiological characteristics of tuberculosis incidence and its macro-influence factors in Chinese mainland during 2014–2021

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贫困所致传染病(英文) 2024年第3期13卷 43-57页

作者： Deng Le-le Zhao Fei Li Zhuo-wei Zhang Wei-wei He Guang-xue Ren Xiang National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention Beijing China Department of Pharmacy Beijing Hospital National Center of Gerontology Institute of Geriatric Medicine Chinese Academy of Medical Science Beijing Key Laboratory of Drug Clinical Risk and Personalized Medication Evaluation Beijing China Miyun District Center for Disease Control and Prevention Beijing China School Of Public Health Binzhon Medical University Yantai China Division of Infectious Disease Key Laboratory of Surveillance and Early-Warning On Infectious Disease Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention Beijing China

Background Tuberculosis (tb) remains a pressing public health issue, posing a significant threat to individuals'' well-being and lives. This study delves into the tb incidence in Chinese mainland during 2014–2021, aiming to gain deeper insights into their epidemiological characteristics and explore macro-level factors to enhance control and *** tb incidence data in Chinese mainland from 2014 to 2021 were sourced from the National Notifiable Disease Reporting System (NNDRS). A two-stage distributed lag nonlinear model (DLNM) was constructed to evaluate the lag and non-linearity of daily average temperature (℃, Atemp), average relative humidity (%, ARH), average wind speed (m/s, AWS), sunshine duration (h, SD) and precipitation (mm, PRE) on the tb incidence. A spatial panel data model was used to assess the impact of demographic, medical and health resource, and economic factors on tb *** A total of 6,587,439 tb cases were reported in Chinese mainland during 2014–2021, with an average annual incidence rate of 59.17/100,000. The tb incidence decreased from 67.05/100,000 in 2014 to 46.40/100,000 in 2021, notably declining from 2018 to 2021 (APC =-8.87%, 95%CI: -11.97, -6.85%). tb incidence rates were higher among males, farmers, and individuals aged 65 years and older. Spatiotemporal analysis revealed a significant cluster in Xinjiang, Qinghai, and Xizang from March 2017 to June 2019 (RR= 3.94,P tb onset to diagnosis shortened from 26 days (IQR: 10–56 days) to 19 days (IQR: 7–44 days). Specific meteorological conditions, including low temperature ( 71.73%), low sunshine duration (tb incidence, while extreme low wind speed (tb incidence rates and se

关键词： Tuberculosis surveillance Epidemiological characteristics Incidence Influence factor Distributed lag nonlinear model (DLNM) Spatial panel model China

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Toward tuberculosis elimination by understanding epidemiologic characteristics and risk factors in Hainan Province, China

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Infectious Diseases of Poverty 2024年第1期13卷 107-108页

作者： Changqiang Zhou Tao Li Jian Du Dapeng Yin Xiujun Li Shixue Li Department of Biostatistics School of Public Health Cheeloo College of Medicine Shandong University Jinan People’s Republic of China National Center for Tuberculosis Control and Prevention Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention Beijing People’s Republic of China Clinical Center On tb Control Beijing Chest Hospital Capital Medical University/Beijing Tuberculosis and Thoracic Tumor Research Institute Beijing People’s Republic of China Hainan Center for Disease Control and Prevention Haikou People’s Republic of China Research Center for Tuberculosis Control Shandong University Jinan People’s Republic of China

Background The disease burden of tuberculosis(tb)was heavy in Hainan Province,China,and the information on transmission patterns was limited with few *** atudy aims to further explore the epidemiological charac-teristics and influencing factors of tb in Hainan Province,and thereby contribute valuable scientific evidences for tb elimination in Hainan *** The tb notification data in Hainan Province from 2013 to 2022 were collected from the Chinese National Disease Control Information System Tuberculosis surveillance System,along with socio-economic *** spatial-temporal and population distributions were analyzed,and spatial autocorrelation analysis was conducted to explore tb notification rate *** addition,the epidemiological characteristics of the cases among in-country migrants were described,and the delay pattern in seeking medical care was ***,a geographically and tem-porally weighted regression(GTWR)model was adopted to analyze the relationship between tb notification rate and socio-economic *** tailored control suggestions in different regions for tb elimination was provided by understanding epidemiological characteristics and risk factors obtained by *** From 2013 to 2022,64,042 cases of tb were notified in Hainan *** estimated annual percent-age change of tb notification rate in Hainan Province from 2013 to 2020 was-6.88%[95%confidence interval(CI):-5.30%,-3.69%],with higher rates in central and southern *** majority of patients were males(76.33%)and farmers(67.80%).Cases among in-country migrants primarily originated from Sichuan(369 cases),Heilongjiang(267 cases),Hunan(236 cases),Guangdong(174 cases),and Guangxi(139 cases),accounting for 53%.The majority(98.83%)of tb cases were notified through passive case finding approaches,with delay in seeking *** GTWR analysis showed that gross domestic product per capita,the number of medical institutions and health personnel

关键词： Tuberculosis Elimination Hainan Province China Epidemiological characteristics Geographically Temporally weighted regression

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Tuberculosis in the mines of Zambia:A case for intervention

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Biomedicine 2016年第9期6卷 803-807页

作者： Pascalina Chanda-Kapata Doris Osei-Afriyie Connrad Mwansa Nathan Kapata Department of Disease surveillance Control and Research Ministry of Health Department of Occupational Health Occupational Health and Safety Institute Department of Diseases surveillance Control and Research National TB/Leprosy Control ProgramMinistry of Health

Zambia is among the sub-Saharan countries highly burdened with tuberculosis(tb) and has an estimated prevalence rate of 638 per 100 000 population in those aged 15 years and *** mining industry is the main contributor to the country's gross national product,although it is associated with public health challenges,with tb in the mines being among the occupational health diseases having a negative economic impact and threatening to delay the control of tb in the *** reviewed available evidence on the extent of the burden of tb in the mines so as to inform the development of targeted interventions for the post-2015 End tb *** was a review of published data from Medline/Pubmed,Cochrane Library and Embase,including unpublished "grey"literature on the burden of tb and the risk factors of tb in the mines of *** is limited research in Zambia to fully understand the burden of tb and risk factors associated with tb in the ***,the few studies and data available have shown that tb is a significant health problem requiring interventions to improve the quality of life of miners,ex-miners and surrounding *** is a potential problem in the mines of Zambia and the actual burden needs to be *** to silica as a risk factor needs further investigation.

关键词： Tuberculosis Zambia Occupational health diseases Silica Mines

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Assessment of risk factors associated with oral polio vaccine refusal in Rahim Yar Khan District,Pakistan(2017)

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Journal of Biosafety and Biosecurity 2020年第1期2卷 27-30页

作者： Ambreen Chaudhry Najma Javed Muhammad Muhsan Wattoo surveillance Coordinator National Institute of HealthIslamabadPakistan Pakistan Health Research Council IslamabadPakistan Technical Support officer Field Epidemiology and Laboratory Training ProgramIslamabadPakistan

Objective:This study aimed to determine the risk factors associated with oral polio vaccine(OPV)***:A case-control study was conducted in Rahim Yar Khan(RYK)District,Pakistan.A case was defined as‘‘any child aged1 km from a healthcare facility was significantly associated(OR,2.5;95%CI,1.4–4.4;p<0.05)with OPV refusal,while prior visits by healthcare workers(OR,0.11;95%CI,0.06–0.22;p<0.05)and mother’education above primary level(OR,0.42;95%CI,0.24–0.73;p<0.05)were inversely associated with OPV ***:On the basis of our recommendations,door-to-door social mobilization visits by healthcare workers to alleviate fear,misconception,and fatigue of repeated campaigns and strict accountability mechanism were developed by district government at pre-and intra-campaign levels.

关键词： Oral polio vaccine Refusals Rahim Yar Khan Refusal rate National Immunization Days

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Decliners of provider-initiated HIV testing and counselling: Characteristics of participants who refused HIV testing in a population survey in Zambia

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Biomedicine 2015年第8期5卷 669-672页

作者： Pascalina Chanda-Kapata William Ngosa Albertina Ngomah Moraes Nicole Maddox Nathan Kapata Department of Disease surveillance Control and ResearchMinistry of Health Center of Tropical Medicine and Travel Medicine Amsterdam Medical Centre University of Amsterdam National tb/Leprosy Control Programme Ministry of Community DevelopmentMother and Child Health

Objective: To assess the prevalence of HIV infection, to highlight HIV-testing refusal rates among participants in a population-based tuberculosis survey and to assess the implication for programme ***: This cross-sectional study on the characteristics of participants who refused HIV testing was conducted in a national survey in Zambia. All eligible participants were aged above 15 years and included in the ***: Out of the 44 791 tuberculosis survey participants, 14 164(31.6%) refused to participate in HIV testing. The unemployed, rural dwellers, married, and those aged 15-24 years were associated with higher refusal ***: Strategies to improve HIV testing acceptance are necessary. Qualitative research is recommended to understand the reasons for testing refusals so that remedial interventions can be implemented.

关键词： HIV/AIDS Zambia Testing Refusals Population survey

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Prevalence of Human Immune Deficiency among Registered Tuberculosis Patients across Pakistan during 2013-2015<br/>—Prevalence of tb-HIV Co-Infection in Pakistan

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Journal of Tuberculosis Research 2018年第1期6卷 96-103页

作者： Muhammad Aamir Safdar Razia Fatima Nasir Mahmood Khan Aashifa Yaqoob Afshan Khurshid Mahboob Ul Haq Ahmad Wali National tb Control Program Ministry of National Health Services Regulation & Coordination Islamabad Pakistan Provincial tb Control Program Sindh Pakistan Provincial tb Control Program Balochistan Pakistan

The problem of Tuberculosis (tb) and Human Immune Deficiency Virus (HIV) co-infection becomes vital when it is seen in the context of under developed countries like Pakistan. Pakistan ranks 5th high burden countries for drug-susceptible and 6th among drug-resistant tb patients [1]. Objectives of the study were to assess the prevalence of tb-HIV Co-infection at the designated Sentinel Sites across Pakistan. A cross-sectional study is based on retrospective record review of routinely maintained tb program data at all 17 designated sentinel sites of tb Control Program from 2013-15. Among the screened tb patients 145 (0.66%) were found HIV reactive. The prevalence of HIV was higher (1.02%) in extra-pulmonary and male tb patients (1.23 %) as compared to pulmonary (0.55%) and female patients (0.09%). Scale up tb surveillance activities, integrating tb-HIV care services, active case finding among key affected populations will have a positive impact on tb-HIV co-infection and disease control.

关键词： Tuberculosis HIV Co-Infection Pakistan

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Occult hepatitis B virus infection among Egyptian blood donors

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World Journal of Hepatology 2013年第2期5卷 64-73页

作者： Zeinab N Said Manal H El Sayed Iman I Salama Enas K Aboel-Magd Magda H Mahmoud Maged El Setouhy Faten Mouftah Manal B Azzab Heidi Goubran Amal Bassili Gamal E Esmat Microbiology and Immunology Department Faculty of Medicine(for Girls)AlAzhar University11511 CairoEgypt Pediatric Department Hematology/Oncology DivisionFaculty of MedicineAin Shams University11511 CairoEgypt Community Medicine Department National Research Center12411 GizaEgypt Ain-Shams Maternity and Women's University Hospital 11511 CairoEgypt Community Enviromental and Occupational Medicine DepartmentFaculty of MedicineAin Shams University11511 CairoEgypt National Blood Transfusion Center 11511 CairoEgypt tb surveillance officer STB/WHO/EMRO.Focal pointTropical Disease Research11511 CairoEgypt Tropical Medicine Department Faculty of Medicine-Cairo University11511 CairoEgypt

AIM:To identify blood donors with occult hepatitis B virus(HBV) infection(OBI) to promote safe blood ***:Descriptive cross sectional study was conducted on 3167 blood donors negative for hepatitis B surface antigen(HBsAg),hepatitis C antibody(HCV Ab) and human immunodeficiency virus *** were subjected to the detection of alanine aminotransferase(ALT) and aspartate transaminase(AST) and screening for anti-HBV core antibodies(total) by two different techniques;[Monoliza antibodies to hepatitis B core(Anti-HBc) Plus-Bio-Rad] and(ARC-HBc total-ABBOT).Positive samples were subjected to quantitative detection of antibodies to hepatitis B surface(anti-HBs)(ETI-AB-AUK-3,Dia Sorin-Italy).Serum anti-HBs titers > 10 IU/L was considered *** HBV DNA by real time polymerase chain reaction(PCR)(QIAGEN-Germany) with 3.8 IU/mL detection limit was estimated for blood units with negative serum anti-HBs and also for 32 whose anti-HBs serum titers were > 1000 IU/***,265 recipients were included,34 of whom were followed up for 3-6 *** were investigated for ALT and AST,HBV serological markers:HBsAg(ETI-MAK-4,Dia Sorin-Italy),anti-HBc,quantitative detection of anti-HBs and ***:525/3167(16.6%) of blood units were positive for total anti-HBc,64% of those were antiHBs *** by ARCHITECT anti-HBc assay were carried out for 498/525 anti-HBc positive samples,where 451(90.6%) confirmed *** for anti-HBc was considered confirmed only if two positive results were obtained for each sample,giving an overall prevalence of 451/3167(14.2%) for total *** DNA was quantified by real time PCR in 52/303(17.2%) of anti-HBc positive blood donors(viral load range:5 to 3.5 x 105 IU/mL) with a median of 200 IU/mL(mean:1.8 x 104 ± 5.1 x 104 IU/mL).AntiHBc was the only marker in 68.6% of *** and multivariate logistic analysis for identifying risk factors associated with anti-HBc and HBV-DNA positivity a

关键词： Hepatitis B virus Total anti-HBc Occult hepatitis B virus infection Hepatitis B surface antigen Hepatitis B virus-DNA

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A Culturally-Sensitive Model for CME Distance Learning Demonstratesa Way Forward： Kenya＇s Experience with ACME-IT （Advancing Continuing Medical Education Through Information Technology）

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Journal of Health Science 2014年第6期2卷 291-299页

作者： Gregory Alonso Pirio Joseph Sitienei Ronald Ng'iela Jane Onteri Victor Ajuoga Crystal WatleyKigoni President of EC Associates and coordinated the A CME-IT pilot Sterling VA20164 United States Division of Communicable Disease Prevention and Control Ministry of Health At the time of the ACME-1T pilot Division ofLeprosy TB and Lung Disease Nairobi 00202 Kenya tb HIV Integration Technical Advisor PATH Nairobi 00508 Kenya DLTLD Program officer ACSM Unit Ministry of Health Nairobi 00202 Kenya Post-graduate Degree in Telecommunication Management Chief Technical Officer for the Kenya-based IT firm Ultinet Nairobi00202 Kenya Hospital Administrator of Mwanza Mwanza 1903 Tanzania

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Can Non-Polio Enteroviruses Be Tamed with a Vaccine to Minimize Paralysis Caused by Them?

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World Journal of Vaccines 2015年第1期5卷 54-59页

作者： Omesh Kumar Bharti Corporation Health officer Municipal Corporation Shimla India

Background: While we are inching towards global eradication of polio, the paralysis due to non-polio viruses (NPEV) poses greater challenge. Factors responsible for causing Acute Flaccid Paralysis (AFP) were studied in 3596 AFP patients in 64 districts of Uttar-Pradesh, India, to observe indirect relationship of AFP with wild polio as well as NPEV. A recent study suggests the need to investigate polio virus negative but NPEV positive AFP cases. Methods: The lab results of the stool samples of these children were line listed and analysed to observe the association of various factors with respect to presence of paralysis on 60 follow-up days. Taking zero OPV dose AFP cases as a biological base, we studied the relationship of presence of paralysis at 60 follow-up days to that of presence of NPEV in stool samples while polio virus was present or absent. Results: 70 of the 86 AFP cases (81%) with zero OPV dose and having only NPEV isolated in stool samples were having paralysis at 60 follow-up days. There were 4.54% (162) AFP cases, which did not carry any polio virus but were having NPEV isolated in the stool samples and paralysis at 60 follow-up days. 79% (75/95) of zero OPV dose children, who were having residual weakness at 60 follow-up days, were carrying both polio virus as well as NPEV in their stool samples. Total AFP cases, having residual weakness at 60 follow-up days and having NPEV in stool samples, decreased with increase in OPV doses;a behavior similar to what wild polio viruses (WPV) have to OPV. Conclusions: Maybe polio like NPEV is active for causing severe paralysis in children and is responding to the OPV. As is evident in the studies by M. Margalith, B. Fattal et al. [1] that there is an antibody response to the enteroviruses, we can think of coming out with a vaccine against the enteroviruses. Therefore, enterovirus vaccine can be produced on similar lines to that of OPV, as now we have enough isolates of NPEV. Effective NPEV surveillance system also

关键词： Polio Non-Polio Paralysis Enteroviruses Vaccine

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surveillance of chikungunya virus in Andhra Pradesh,Southern India

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine 2010年第11期3卷 860-865页

作者： CVM Naresh Kumar P Sangamithra M Rajasekhar DVR Saigopal Department of Virology College of SciencesSri Venkateswara UniversityTirupati-517502Andhra PradeshIndia Medical officer Mobile Medical UnitDistrict Medical Health OfficeKadapa-516001Andhra PradeshIndia

Objective:The study involved survey and screening of areas suspected of chikungunya virus (CHIKV) infection,characterizing the causative agent and identifying the circulating CHIKV ***:Acute phase samples were screened by the use of RTPCR using primer set DVRChk-F/DVRChk-R whereas convalescent samples were tested by CHIKV IgM strips. Results:Two hundred and seventy five acute phase samples were screened by *** which 149(54.18%) showed positivity for *** on 192 convalescent phase samples were tested for CHIKV specific antibodies in which 125(65.10%) samples were found to be *** CHIKV strains were selected and subjected to cloning followed by nucleotide sequencing and were submitted to the Genbank DMA database with the Accession numbers(GQ119362,GQ119363, GQl 19364,and FJ225403).The Sequence analysis of "CHIK-Kadapa" strain(GQ119362) with other CHIKV isolates suggested that the present CHIKV strain has(99.23±0.52)%and 100%identity with Central East South African isolates(CESA) at nucleotide and amino acid levels *** unique non synonymous mutations S168L and D183V were depicted in El gene of the selected strains of the present ***:The 14 months survey revealed the circulation of CHIKV in 2008-2009 in Andhra Pradesh and the causative agent is identified to be of Central East South African(CESA) *** importance of the non synonymous mutations(S168L and D183V) and their role in the mobility and strength of the El-El and E1-E2 interactions needs further *** study also urges the need for intensifying the epidemiological and entomological surveillance to combat any such CHIKV outbreak in the near future.

关键词： Chikungunya virus E1 gene RT-PCR Non synonymous mutations Screening

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