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Switch mode capacitive pressure sensors

Microsystems & Nanoengineering 2022年第6期8卷 47-60页

作者： Nabil Shalabi Kyle Searles Kenichi takahata Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of British ColumbiaVancouverBC V6T 1Z4Canada School of Biomedical Engineering University of British ColumbiaVancouverBC V6T 1Z3Canada

Switch mode capacitive pressure sensors are proposed as a new class of microfabricated devices that transform pressure into a mechanically switching capacitance to form an analog-to-digital signal with zero power,high sensitivity,and a high signal-to-noise ratio.A pressure-sensitive gold membrane suspended over a capacitive cavity makes ohmic contact with patterned gold leads on the substrate,closing circuits to fixed on-chip capacitors outside the cavity and leading to significant step *** function is achieved by allocating the switch leads on the part of the counter electrode area,while the remaining area is used for touch mode analog capacitive *** sensor microchip is prototyped through a novel design approach to surface micromachining that integrates micro-tesla valves for vacuum sealing the sensor cavity,showing an unprecedented response to applied *** a gauge pressure range of 0–120 mmHg,the sensor exhibits an increase of 13.21 pF with resultant switch events,each of which ranges from 2.53–3.96 pF every 12–38 mmHg,in addition to the touch mode linear capacitive increase between *** equivalent sensitivity is 80–240 fF/mmHg,which is 11–600×more than commercial and reported touch mode sensors operating in similar pressure *** sensor is further demonstrated for wireless pressure tracking by creating a resonant tank with the sensor,showing a 32.5–101.6 kHz/mmHg sensitivity with frequency jumps led by the switch *** developed sensor,with its promising performance,offers new application opportunities in a variety of device areas,including health care,robotics,industrial control,and environmental monitoring.

关键词： mode cavity sealing

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BiotRIZ Suggests Radiative Cooling of Buildings Can Be Done Passively by Changing the Structure of Roof Insulation to Let Longwave Infrared Pass

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Journal of Bionic Engineering 2008年第1期5卷 55-66页

作者： Salmaan Craig David Harrison Andrew Cripps Daniel Knott School of Engineering and Design Brunel UniversityLondon UB8 3PHUKBuro Happold LtdLondon W1T 1PDUK School of Engineering and Design Brunel UniversityLondon UB8 3PHUK Buro Happold Ltd London W1T 1PDUK

this paper demonstrates the application of a design tool called BiotRIZ. Its developers claim that it can be used to access biological strategies for solving engineering problems. Our aim is to design a roof for hot climates that gets free cooling through radiant coupling with the sky. the insulation in a standard roof stops the sun and convection from warming the thermal mass. But it also restricts the mass＇s longwave view of the cool sky. Different solutions to this conflict are offered by BiotRIZ. the chosen solution is to replace the standard insulation component with an open cell honeycomb. the vertical cells would allow longwave radiation to pass, while arresting convection. the solutions offered by BiotRIZ＇s technological counterpart include no such changes in structure. It is estimated that the thermal mass in the biomimetic roof would remain on average 4.5℃ cooler than in a standard roof over a year in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.

关键词： biomimetics tRIZ BiotRIZ radiative cooling building design passive design

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Vertebrate social communication： Ecological and evolution- ary insights from social signals

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Current Zoology 2012年第5期58卷 677-679页

作者： James E HARE Guest Editor Department of Biological Sciences University of Manitoba Winnipeg MB Canada R3T 2N2

1 Communication and Social Signals Wilson （1975） defines communication as ＂the action on the part of one organism （or cell） that alters the probability pattern of behavior in another organism （or cell） in a fashion adaptive to either one or both the par- ticipants＂. Only a definition this broad can capture all the term ＂communication＂ encompasses;

关键词：动物社会信号进化观生态脊椎行为模式有机体威尔逊

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Sperm nuclear histone H2B： correlation with sperm DNA denaturation and DNA stainability

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Asian Journal of Andrology 2008年第6期10卷 865-871页

作者： Armand Zini Xiaoyang Zhang Maria San Gabriel Division of Urology Department of Surgery Royal Victoria Hospital McGill University Montreal Quebec H3T 1M5Canada

Aim： to examine the relationship between sperm DNA damage and sperm nuclear histone （H2B） staining. Methods： We evaluated sperm samples from 14 consecutive asthenoteratozoospermic infertile men and six consecutive fertile controls. Sperm nuclear histone （H2B） staining and sperm chromatin integrity （assessed by sperm chromatin structure assay and expressed using the percentage of （i） DNA fragmentation index [%DFI] and （ii） high DNA stainability [%HDS）]） were evaluated. Results： Histone H2B immunocytochemistry demonstrated two nuclear staining patterns：（i） focal punctate staining; and （ii） diffuse staining. Infertile men had a higher mean percentage of spermatozoa exhibiting diffuse H2B staining than did fertile men （7.7%± 4.6% vs. 1.6% ±1.2%, respectively, P 〈 0.01）. We observed significant relationships between the proportion of spermatozoa with diffuse nuclear histone staining and both sperm %DFI （r = 0.63, P 〈 0.01） and sperm %HDS （r = 0.63, P 〈 0.01）. Conclusion： the data demonstrate that infertile men have a higher proportion of spermatozoa with diffuse histone H2B than do fertile men and suggest that sperm DNA damage might, at least in part, be due to abnormally high histone H2B levels.

关键词： spermatozoa sperm DNA histones male infertility DNA fragmentation

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Electrical Power Generation Using Dynamic Piezoelectric Shear Deformation Under Friction

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Acta Mechanica Solida Sinica 2021年第6期34卷 977-988页

作者： Peng Wang Yu Xiao Nan Wu Department of Mechanical Engineering Northeastern UniversityShenyang 110819China Department of Mechanical Engineering University of ManitobaWinnipeg R3T 2N2Canada

A new electrical power generation device based on high-frequency dynamic piezoelectric shear deformation under friction is *** the operation of a moving plate compressed and sliding on the top of a piezoelectric patch with constant velocity,dynamic shear deformation of the elastic piezoelectric patch is excited by periodic friction force and status(sliding and stick)*** dynamic piezoelectric shear strain can then generate continuous electrical power for energy absorbing and harvesting *** design of the piezoelectric couple device is first provided,and its mechanism,dynamic response and electric power generation under friction are described by a detailed iteration *** comparing with previous experimental results,the accuracy of the proposed model is *** numerical studies,the influences of the equivalent mass of the system,the velocity of the sliding object,the static friction coefficient and its lower limit,as well as the friction force delay rate on the power generation are obtained and *** numerical results show that with the proposed design,up to 50-Watt maximum electrical power could be generated by a piezoelectric patch with a dimension of 20×2×6 cm under continuous friction with the moving plate at the velocity of 15 m/*** possible bi-linear elastic stiffness variation of the system is also introduced,and the threshold of bi-linear elastic deformation,where the system stiffness changes,can be optimized for obtaining the highest power generation.

关键词： Electrical power generation Friction Piezoelectric shear deformation Sliding and stick Bi-linear

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Combining Polarization-Division Multiplexing and Ferromagnetic Nonreciprocity to Achieve In-Band Ultra-High Isolation for Full-Duplex Wireless Systems

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Engineering 2024年第9期40卷 179-187页

作者： Amir Afshani Ke Wu Poly-Grames Research Center Department of Electrical EngineeringÉcole Polytechnique de MontréalMontrealQC H3T 1J4Canada

the in-band full-duplex(IBFD)wireless system is a promising candidate for 6G and beyond,as it can double data throughput and enormously lower transmission latency by supporting simultaneous in-band transmission and reception of *** IBFD systems requires a substantial mitigation of a transmitter(tx)’s strong self-interference(SI)signal into the receiver(Rx)***,current state-ofthe-art approaches to tackle this challenge are inefficient in terms of performance,cost,and complexity,hindering the commercialization of IBFD *** this work,we devise and demonstrate an innovative approach to realize IBFD systems that exhibit superior performance with a low-cost and lesscomplex architecture in an all-passive *** scheme is based on meticulously combining polarization-division multiplexing(PDM)with ferromagnetic nonreciprocity to achieve ultra-high isolation between tx and Rx *** an unprecedented conception has become feasible thanks to a concurrent dual-mode circulator—a new component introduced for the first time—as a key feature of our module,and a dual-mode waveguide that transforms two orthogonally polarized waves into two orthogonal waveguide *** addition,we propose a unique passive tunable secondary SI cancellation(SIC)mechanism,which is embedded within the proposed module and boosts the isolation over a relatively broad *** report,solely in the analog domain,experimental isolation levels of 50,70,and 80 dB over 340,101,and 33 MHz bandwidth at the center frequency of interest,respectively,with excellent tuning ***,the module is tested in two real IBFD scenarios to assess its performance in connection with tx-to-Rx leakage and modulation error in the presence of a tx’s strong interference signal.

关键词： In-band full-duplex transceiver 6G Polarization-division multiplexing Dual-mode nonreciprocity

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Holistic perspective of the role of gut microbes in diabetes mellitus and its management

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World Journal of Diabetes 2021年第9期12卷 1463-1478页

作者： Kannayiram Alagiakrishnan tyler Halverson Department of Medicine University of AlbertaEdmonton T6G 2G3AlbertaCanada

the gut microbiota(GM)plays a role in the development and progression of type 1 and type 2 diabetes mellitus(DM)and its *** dysbiosis contributes to the pathogenesis of *** GM has been shown to influence the efficacy of different antidiabetic *** of gut biotics,like prebiotics,probiotics and synbiotics,can improve the glucose control as well as the metabolic profile associated with *** is some preliminary evidence that it might even help with the cardiovascular,ophthalmic,nervous,and renal complications of DM and even contribute to the prevention of *** large-scale research studies are needed before wide spread use of gut biotics in clinical practice as an adjuvant therapy to the current management of DM.

关键词： Probiotics Prebiotics Synbiotics Diabetes mellitus Microbial dysbiosis Antidiabetic drugs

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Assessment of risks, implications, and opportunities of waterborne neurotoxic pesticides

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2023年第3期125卷 735-741页

作者： Delaram Dara Andrei P.Drabovich Division of Analytical and Environmental toxicology Department of Laboratory Medicine and PathologyFaculty of Medicine and DentistryUniversity of AlbertaAlberta T6G 2G3Canada

Pesticides are a well-known family of chemicals that have contaminated water systems globally. Four common subfamilies of pesticides include organochlorines, organophosphates, pyrethroids, and carbamate insecticides which have been shown to adversely affect the human nervous system. Studies have shown a link between pesticide exposure and decreased viability, proliferation, migration, and differentiation of murine neural stem cells. Besides human exposure directly through water systems, additional factors such as pesticide bioaccumulation, biomagnification and potential synergism due to co-exposure to other environmental contaminants must be considered. A possible avenue to investigate the molecular mechanisms and biomolecules impacted by the various classes of pesticides includes the field of-omics. Discovery of the precise molecular mechanisms behind pesticidemediated neurodegenerative disorders may facilitate development of targeted ***, discovery of pesticide biodegradation pathways may enable novel approaches for water system bioremediation using genetically engineered microorganisms. In this minireview, we discuss recently established harmful impacts of various categories of pesticides on the nervous system and the application of-omics field for discovery, validation, and mitigation of pesticide neurotoxicity.

关键词： Neurotoxic pesticides Water pollution Neural stem cells Omics approaches Drug discovery

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Skin inflammation and psoriasis may be linked to exposure of ultrafine carbon particles

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2020年第10期32卷 206-208页

作者： Huyan Xiao Hongquan Zhang Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology Faculty of Medicine and DentistryUniversity of AlbertaEdmonton T6G 2G3Canada

Air pollution has become the largest environmental risk to human health,estimated to kill seven million people worldwide every *** from the World Health Organization (WHO)showed that 91%of the world population was exp... 详细信息

关键词： inflammation Skin pollution

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Validation of transverse Phase Space tomography at tRIUMF

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原子能科学技术 2022年第9期56卷 1760-1773页

作者： RAO Y N BAARtMAN R tRIUMF 4004 Wesbrook MallVancouver British ColumbiaV6T2A3Canada

Knowledge of the phase space density distribution in details is useful to understand subsequent evolution of the charged particle beam in a transport *** makes the beam tomography very useful in the application for beam *** application is not limited by the beam energy,as opposed to the emittance *** paper presented the simulations and measurements we undertook in tRIUMF beam-lines to validate the maximum entropy(MENt)technique for the tomographic reconstruction of beam density distribution in the 2-dimensional transverse phase *** profiles were taken with a single wire scanner while changing an upstream quadrupole’s ***,the phase space plots were directly measured with emittance scanner.A close comparison was made on the resulting phase space density distribution and the emittance value at the same location of the *** show good agreement.

关键词： beam tomography maximum entropy algorithm phase space emittance

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