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Dietary eubiotics of microbial muramidase and glycan improve intestinal villi,ileum microbiota composition and production trait of broiler

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Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2024年第4期15卷 1723-1736页

作者： Sungbo Cho Shanmugam Suresh Kumar Santiago Ramirez Rolando Valientes In Ho Kim Department of Animal Resource and Science Dankook UniversityCheonanChungnam 31116Korea Smart Animal Bio Institute Dankook University CheonanKorea DSM Nutritional Products asia pacific Mapletree Business CitySingapore 117440Singapore

Background Optimal gut health is important to maximize growth performance and feed efficiency in broiler chickens.A total of 1,365 one-day-old male Ross 308 broiler chickens were randomly divided into 5 treatments groups with 21 replicates,13 birds per *** present research investigated effects of microbial muramidase or a precision glycan alone or in combination on growth performance,apparent total tract digestibility,total blood carotenoid content,intestinal villus length,meat quality and gut microbiota in broiler *** included:NC:negative control(basal diet group);PC:positive control(basal diet+0.02%probiotics);MR:basal diet+0.035%microbial muramidase;PG:basal diet+0.1%precision glycan;and MRPG:basal diet+0.025%MR+0.1%PG,*** MRPG group increased the body weight gain and feed intake(P<0.05)compared with NC ***,it significantly increased total serum carotenoid(P<0.05)and MRPG altered the microbial diversity in ileum *** MRPG treatment group increased the abundance of the phylum Firmicutes,and family Lachnospiraceae,Ruminococcaceae,Oscillospiraceae,Lactobacillaceae,Peptostreptococcaceae and decreased the abundance of the phylum Campilobacterota,Bacteroidota and family *** with the NC group,the chickens fed MRPG showed significantly increased in duodenum villus length at end the *** In this study,overall results showed that the synergetic effects of MR and PG showed enhancing growth performance,total serum carotenoid level and altering gut microbiota composition of *** current research indicates that co-supplementation of MR and PG in broiler diets enhances intestinal health,consequently leading to an increased broiler production.

关键词： Broiler Intestinal morphology Microbial muramidase Precision glycan Probiotics

Improving photochemical indicators for attributing ozone sensitivities in source apportionment analysis

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2024年第9期143卷 235-246页

作者： Xiaohui Du Wei Tang Zhongzhi Zhang Yang Yu Yang Li Ling Huang Greg Yarwood Fan Meng Atmospheric Environment Institute Chinese Research Academy of Environmental SciencesBeijing 100012China College of Water Sciences Beijing Normal UniversityBeijing 100857China asia Center for Air Pollution Research United Nations Environment Programme Asia and the Pacific OfficeNishi-kuNiigata-shi 9502144Japan School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering Shanghai UniversityShanghai 200444China Ramboll NovatoCalifornia 94945USA

Comprehensive Air Quality Model with extensions(CAMx)-Decoupled Direct Method(DDM)simulations of first-order ozone(O_(3))sensitivity to nitrogen oxides(NO_(x))and volatile organic compounds(VOCs)emissions were performed and combined with modelled P_(H_(2)O_(2))/P_(HNO_(3))ratios to obtain a range of thresholds for determining O_(3)-sensitivity regimes for different areas of *** the new threshold ranges for photochemical indicators,the method for determining O_(3)formation in the Ozone Source Apportionment Technology(OSAT)module within CAMx was improved by a dynamically varied threshold of P_(H_(2)O_(2))/P_(HNO_(3))*** O_(3)concentration contributions in the newly added transition regime were apportioned to NO_(x)and VOCs emissions in proportion to the relationship between the P_(H_(2)O_(2))/P_(HNO_(3))ratio and first-order O_(3)*** source contributions of O_(3)concentrations from different emission sectors from June to September 2019 were compared using the original and improved *** results showed that the O_(3)concentration contributions changed significantly in the NO_(x)-limited regime,with a maximum decrease of 21.89%,while the contributions increased by up to 7.57%in the VOC-limited regime,and were within 15μg/m^(3)in the transition *** modified OSAT module enabled a more sophisticated attribution of O_(3)to precursor emissions and may have far-reaching implications for informing O_(3)pollution control policy.

关键词： O_(3) modeling O_(3)-sensitivity regimes Ozone source apportionment technology Photochemical indicators

Small but big leaps towards neuroglycomics:exploring N-glycome in the brain to advance the understanding of brain development and function

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Neural Regeneration Research 2024年第3期19卷 489-490页

作者： Boyoung Lee Hyun Joo An Center for Cognition and Sociality Institute for Basic Science(IBS)DaejeonSouth Korea asia-pacific Glycomics Reference Site DaejeonSouth Korea Graduate School of Analytical Science&Technology Chungnam National UniversityDaejeonSouth Korea

Glycosylation is a process that involves the addition of sugar moieties or glycans to different types of molecules,including proteins,lipids,and nucleic *** these,protein glycosylation is one of the most prevalent forms of post-translational modification,playing a crucial role in biological *** more than ten monosaccharides identified within mammalian brain cells and more than 1×1012 possible combinations,the heterogeneity of glycosylation is extensive(Conroy et al.,2021).The diversity of glycans and the complexity of their structures allow for a wide range of protein functions.N-glycans are one of the most abundant forms of glycans and are involved in various cellular functions.N-glycans can be added to proteins at specific sequons,Asn-X-Ser/Thr,and are classified into three main types in mature glycoproteins:high mannose,complex,and *** mannose N-glycans consist of 5-9 mannose residues linked to a chitobiose core and undergo processing into complex or hybrid forms in the Golgi apparatus(Varki et al.,2017).Complex N-glycans are more diverse and contain various branched structures such as antennae with fucose,galactose,and sialic acid *** N-glycans contain one or more complex branches in conjunction with an oligomannose branch(Fisher and Ungar,2016).Understanding the specific functions of these different types of N-glycans in protein regulation,folding,and function is an active area of research in the life sciences,including glycobiology.

关键词： functions function apparatus

Post-Newtonian binary dynamics in the effective field theory of Horndeskigravity

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Chinese Physics C 2024年第3期48卷 180-190页

作者：武文浩汤勇 School of Astronomy and Space Science University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China School of Fundamental Physics and Mathematical Sciences Hangzhou Institute for Advanced StudyChinese Academy of SciencesHangzhou 310024China International Center for Theoretical Physics asia-pacific Beijing 100049China

General relativity has been very successful since its proposal more than a century ***,various cosmological observations and theoretical consistency still motivate us to explore extended gravity *** gravity stands out as one attractive theory by introducing only one scalar *** we formulate the post-Newtonian effective field theory of Horndeski gravity and investigate the conservative dynamics of inspiral compact binary *** calculate the leading effective Lagrangian for a compact binary and obtain the periastron advance per *** particular,we apply our analytical calculation to two binary systems,PSR B 1534+12 and PSR J0737-3039,and constrain the relevant model *** theoretical framework can also be systematically extended to higherorders.

关键词： effective field theory modified gravity pulsar

In the Middle of Global Governance Indonesia is actively participating in global governance reform through the MIKTA middle power grouping

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China Report ASEAN 2024年第1期9卷 45-47页

作者： Ding Gong Institute of asia-pacific and Global Strategy under the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences

In March 2023,Indonesia took over the chairmanship of MIKTA from Turkiye,marking the second time Indonesia has served as the rotating chair of a global governance mechanism,following the Bali G20 Summit in 2022.

关键词： Middle rotating participating

Primordial black holes and curvature perturbations from false vacuum islands

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Science China(Physics,Mechanics & Astronomy) 2024年第9期Mechanics & Astronomy) .卷 62-76页

作者： Rong-Gen Cai Yu-Shi Hao Shao-Jiang Wang School of Physical Science and Technology Ningbo University CAS Key Laboratory of Theoretical Physics Institute of Theoretical PhysicsChinese Academy of Sciences School of Physical Sciences University of Chinese Academy of Sciences asia pacific Center for Theoretical Physics

Recently, much attention has been focused on the false vacuum islands that are flooded by an expanding ocean of true-vacuum bubbles slightly later than most of the other parts of the world. These delayed decay regions will accumulate locally larger vacuum energy density by staying in the false vacuum longer than those already transited into the true vacuum. A false vacuum island with thus acquired density contrast of a super-horizon size will evolve locally from radiation dominance to vacuum dominance, creating a local baby Universe that can be regarded effectively as a local closed Universe. If such density contrasts of super-horizon sizes can ever grow large enough to exceed the threshold of gravitational collapse, primordial black holes will form similar to those collapsing curvature perturbations on super-horizon scales induced by small-scale enhancements during *** not, such density contrasts can still induce curvature perturbations potentially observable today. In this paper, we revisit and elaborate on the generations of primordial black holes and curvature perturbations from delayed-decayed false vacuum islands during asynchronous first-order phase transitions with fitting formulas convenient for future model-independent studies.

关键词： first-order phase transitions primordial black holes curvature perturbations

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Slowly rotating charges from Weyl double copy for Kerr black hole with Chern–Simons correction

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Communications in Theoretical Physics 2024年第8期76卷 141-148页

作者： Yi-Ran Liu Jing-Rui Zhang Yun-Long Zhang School of Fundamental Physics and Mathematical Sciences Hangzhou Institute for Advanced StudyUCAS CAS Key Laboratory of Theoretical Physics Institute of Theoretical Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences University of Chinese Academy of Sciences National Astronomy Observatories Chinese Academy of Science International Center for Theoretical Physics asia-pacific

The Weyl double copy builds the relation between gauge theory and gravity theory, in particular the correspondence between gauge solutions and gravity solutions. In this paper, we obtain the slowly rotating charge solutions from the Weyl double copy for the Kerr black hole with small Chern–Simons correction. Based on the Weyl double copy relation, for the Petrov type D solution in Chern–Simons modified gravity, we find the additional correction to the electromagnetic field strength tensor of the rotating charge. For the Petrov type I solution, we find that the additional electromagnetic field strength tensors have external sources, while the total sources vanish at the leading order.

关键词： Chern-Simons modified gravity Kerr black hole Weyl double copy

Observations on spontaneous chiral symmetry breaking and the mass gap of QCD in finite volume

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Communications in Theoretical Physics 2024年第9期76卷 44-49页

作者： Xiaolan Meng Bolun Hu Yi-Bo Yang University of Chinese Academy of Sciences School of Physical Sciences CAS Key Laboratory of Theoretical Physics Institute of Theoretical Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences School of Fundamental Physics and Mathematical Sciences Hangzhou Institute for Advanced StudyUCAS International Centre for Theoretical Physics asia-pacific

We present a lattice quantum chromodynamics(QCD) simulation with 2 + 1 + 1 flavor full QCD ensembles using near-physical quark masses and different spatial sizes L, at a ～ 0.055 *** results show that the scalar and pesudoscalar 2-point correlator with a valence pion mass of approximately 230 MeV become degenerated at L ≤ 1.0 fm, and such an observation suggests that the spontaneous chiral symmetry breaking disappears effectively at this point. At the same time, the mass gap between the nucleon and pion masses remains larger than ΛQCDin the entire L ∈ [0.2, 0.7] fm range.

关键词： chiral symmetry breaking confinement lattice QCD

Color-kinematics duality and dual conformal symmetry for a four-loop form factor in N=4 SYM

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Science China(Physics,Mechanics & Astronomy) 2024年第4期67卷 64-71页

作者： Guanda Lin Gang Yang Siyuan Zhang CAS Key Laboratory of Theoretical Physics Institute of Theoretical PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China School of Physical Sciences University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China School of Fundamental Physics and Mathematical Sciences Hangzhou Institute for Advanced StudyUCASHangzhou 310024China International Centre for Theoretical Physics asia-pacific Beijing/Hangzhou 310024China

We obtain the integrand of full-color four-loop three-point form factor of the stress-tensor supermultiplet in N=4 SYM,based on the color-kinematics(CK)duality and generalized unitarity *** result not only manifests all dual Jacobi relations via CK duality but also contains 133 free *** suggests the constructibility of the form factor at even higher loops via CK *** also find that the planar form factor has a hidden dual conformal symmetry in the lightlike limit of the operator momentum,which is checked up to four loops.

关键词： S-matrix supersymmetric model perturbative calculations

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