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High adsorption selectivity of activated carbon and carbon molecular sieve boosting CO_(2)/N_(2) and CH_(4)/N_(2) separation

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Chinese Journal of Chemical engineering 2024年第3期67卷 282-297页

作者： Siang Chen Wenling Wu Zhaoyang Niu Deqi Kong Wenbin Li Zhongli Tang Donghui Zhang The research center of Chemical engineering School of Chemical Engineering and TechnologyTianjin UniversityTianjin 300072China

Flue gas and coal bed methane are two important sources of greenhouse *** swing adsorption process has a wide range of application in the field of gas separation,and the selection of adsorbent is *** this regard,in order to assess the better adsorbent for separating CO_(2) from flue gas and CH_(4) from coal bed methane,adsorption isotherms of CO_(2),CH_(4) and N_(2) on activated carbon and carbon molecular sieve are measured at 303.15,318.15 and 333.15 K,and up to 250 *** experimental data fit better with Langmuir 2 compared to Langmuir 3 and Langmuir-Freundlich models,and Clausius-Clapeyron equation was used to calculate the isosteric *** the order of the adsorbed amount and the adsorption heat on the two adsorbents are CO_(2)>CH_(4)>N_(2).The adsorption kinetics are calculated by the pseudo-first kinetic model,and the order of adsorption rates on activated carbon is N_(2)-CH_(4)>CO_(2),while on carbon molecular sieve,it is CO_(2)-N_(2)>CH_(4).It is shown that relative molecular mass and adsorption heat are the primary effect on kinetics for activated carbon,while kinetic diameter is the main resistance factor for carbon molecular ***,the adsorption selectivity of CH_(4)/N_(2) and CO_(2)/N_(2) were estimated with the ideal adsorption solution theory,and carbon molecular sieve performed best at 318.15 K for both CO_(2) and CH_(4) *** study suggested that activated carbon is a better choice for separating flue gas and carbon molecular sieve can be a strong candidate for separating coal bed methane.

关键词： Activated carbon Carbon molecular sieve Adsorbent evaluation Adsorption equilibrium and kinetics Heat of adsorption Selectivity

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Compositional tuning of A2B7-type La0.7-xYxMg0.3Ni3.5 alloys for gaseous hydrogen storage

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Journal of Rare Earths 2024年第10期42卷 1912-1919页

作者： Junkun Du Hui Wang Renheng Tang Jiangwen Liu Liuzhang Ouyang Min Zhu School of Materials Science and engineering Guangdong Engineering Technology Research Center of Advanced Energy Storage MaterialsSouth China University of Technology

Rare earth-based superlattice alloys have great potential for gaseous hydrogen storage,as well as successful application as nickel-metal hydride batteries *** this work,Y substitution was carried out to adjust the gaseous hydrogen storage properties of A2B7-type *** results indicate a multiphase structure in the alloys comprised of the main rhombohedral Gd2Co7and PuNi3phases,with a small amount of ***,the Y substitution results in higher abundance of the *** alloy La0.42Y0.28Mg0.3Ni3.5exhibits a hydrogen storage cap acity of 1.55 wt% at 298 K and a desorption plateau pressure of 0.244 *** addition,this alloy demonstrates a stable cycle life by a capacity retention of 94.2% after 50 cycles,with the main capacity degradation occurring during the initial 20 *** work accentuates the potential of the La-Y-Mg-Ni-based superlattice alloys for applications in solid-state hydrogen storage.

关键词： A2B7-type La–Mg–Ni alloys Cycle performance Desorption plateau pressure Hydrogen storage Rare earths Y substitution

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Enrichment of anammox biomass during mainstream wastewater treatment driven by achievement of partial denitrification through the addition of bio-carriers

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2024年第3期137卷 181-194页

作者： Yuqing Ma Bo Wang Xiaodi Li Shuo Wang Wen Wang Yongzhen Peng National engineering Laboratory for Advanced Municipal Wastewater Treatment and Reuse technology Engineering Research Center of BeijingBeijing University of TechnologyBeijing 100124China

Anammox is widely considered as the most cost-effective and sustainable process for nitrogen ***,how to achieve the enrichment of anammox biomass remains a challenge for its large-scale application,especially in mainstream wastewater *** this study,the feasibility of enrichment of anammox biomass was explored through the realization of partial denitrification and the addition of *** using ordinary activated sludge,a sequencing batch reactor(SBR)followed by an up-fow anaerobic sludge bed(UASB)was operated at 25±2℃ for 214 *** long-term operation was divided into five phases,in which SBR and UASB were started-up in Phases I and II,*** eliminating oxygen and adjusting the infow ratios in Phases III-V,advanced nitrogen removal was achieved with the effuent total nitrogen being 4.7 mg/L and the nitrogen removal efficiency being 90.5%in Phase *** in-situ and ex-situ activity tests demonstrated the occurrence of partial denitrification and ***,16S rRNA high-throughput sequencing analysis revealed that Candidatus Brocadia was enriched from below the detection limit to in biofilms(0.4%in SBR,2.2%in UASB)and the foc sludge(0.2%in SBR,1.3%in UASB),while Thauera was mainly detected in the foc sludge(8.1%in SBR,8.8%in UASB),which might play a key role in partial ***,this study provides a novel strategy to enrich anammox biomass driven by rapid achievement of partial denitrification through the addition of bio-carriers,which will improve large-scale application of anammox processes in mainstream wastewater treatment.

关键词： Enrichment Anammox biomass Bio-carriers Partial denitrification Mainstream wastewater

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Lattice Boltzmann simulation study of anode degradation in solid oxide fuel cells during the initial aging process

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International Journal of Minerals,Metallurgy and Materials 2024年第2期31卷 405-411页

作者： Shixue Liu Zhijing Liu Shuxing Zhang Hao Wu Hydrogen Energy Industrial technology Innovation center China Nuclear Power Technology Research InstituteShenzhen 518031China Shenzhen engineering research center for Hydrogen Safety Shenzhen 518031China

For present solid oxide fuel cells(SOFCs),rapid performance degradation is observed in the initial aging process,and the dis-cussion of the degradation mechanism necessitates quantitative ***,focused ion beam-scanning electron microscopy was em-ployed to characterize and reconstruct the ceramic microstructures of SOFC *** lattice Boltzmann method(LBM)simulation of multiphysical and electrochemical processes in the reconstructed models was *** samples collected from industrial-size cells were characterized,including a reduced reference cell and a cell with an initial aging *** parameters of the reconstructed microstructures revealed a significant decrease in the active triple-phase boundary and Ni connectivity in the aged cell compared with the reference *** LBM simulation revealed that activity degradation is dominant compared with microstructural degradation during the initial aging process,and the electrochemical reactions spread to the support layer in the aged *** microstructural and activity de-gradations are attributed to Ni migration and coarsening.

关键词： solid oxide fuel cell anode degradation focused ion beam-scanning electron microscopy lattice Boltzmann method

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Removal of rubidium from brine by an integrated film of sulfonated polysulfone/graphene/potassium copper ferricyanide

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Chinese Journal of Chemical engineering 2024年第5期69卷 112-121页

作者： Huanxi Xu Peihua Lin Pei-Jun Liu Hai-Gang Liu Hui-Bin Guo Chao-Xiang Wu Ming Fang Xu Zhang Guan-Ping Jin Anhui Province engineering research center of Flexible and Intelligent Materials School of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringHefei University of TechnologyHefei 230009China Chemical Design and research Institute Co. LTD of Qinghai ProvinceQinghai Engineering and Technology Research Center of Fine ChemicalXining 810008China

A novel integrated film of sulfonated polysulfone/graphene/potassium copper ferricyanide(KCuFC/SPSG)was used for selectively extracting rubidium ion(Rb^(+))from *** form KCuFC/SPSG,the precursor film of sulfonated polysulfone/graphene(SPSG)was synthesized by phase conversion process,which was alternately immersed in 0.1 mol·L^(-1)CuSO_(4)/K_(4)[Fe(CN)_(6)]by in-situ adsorption coupled co-precipitation *** data such as nuclear magnetic resonance spectrometer,Fourier transform infrared spectroscope,X-ray photoelectron spectroscope,X-ray diffraction,scanning electron microscope,and energy dispersive spectroscopy all verified that abundant KCuFC were uniformly located on the *** resulting KCuFC/SPSG was used in film separation *** the solution was fed into the system,the Rb^(+)could be selectively adsorption by KCuFC/*** the saturation adsorption,0.5 mol·L^(-1)NH_(4)Cl/HCl was fed into the film cell,Rb^(+)could be quickly desorbed by ion-exchange between Rb^(+)and NH_(4)^(+)in the lattice of *** purpose of separating and recovering Rb^(+)from the brine can be achieved after the repeated *** effects of pH,adsorption time,and interferential ions on the adsorption capacity of Rb^(+)were investigated by batch *** adsorption behavior fits the pseudo-second order kinetic process,while KCuFC has a higher adsorption capacity(Langmuir maximum sorption 165.4 mg·g^(-1)).In addition,KCuFC/SPSG shows excellent selectivity for Rb^(+)even in complex brine ***/SPSG could maintain 93.5%extraction efficiency after five adsorption/desorption cycles.

关键词： Rubidium extraction Potassium copper ferricyanide Sulfonated polysulfone Graphene oxide Adsorption

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Facet effects on bimetallic ZnSn hydroxide microcrystals for selective electrochemical CO2 reduction

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Green Energy & Environment 2024年第8期9卷 1314-1320页

作者： Liu Han Cheng-wei Wang Shan-shan Luo Ying-tang Zhou Bing Li Ming Liu School of Chemistry and Chemical engineering Harbin Institute of Technology National engineering research center for Marine Aquaculture Marine Science and Technology CollegeZhejiang Ocean University

Employing crystal facets to regulate the catalytic properties in electrocatalytic carbon dioxide reduction reaction（eCO2RR） has been well demonstrated on electrocatalysts containing single metals but rarely explored for bimetallic systems. Here, we synthesize Zn Sn（OH）6（ZSO）microcrystals（MCs） with distinct facets and investigate the facet effects in eCO2RR. Electrochemical studies and in situ Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy（in situ-FTIR） reveal that ZSO MCs produce mainly C1 products of HCOOH and CO. The {111} facet of the ZSO MCS exhibits higher selectivity and faradaic efficiency（FE） than that of the {100} facet over a wide range of potentials（-0.9 V ～-1.3 V versus RHE）. Density Functional Theory（DFT） calculations elucidate that the {111} facet is favorable to the adsorption/activation of CO2molecules,the formation of intermediate in the rate-determining step, and the desorption of C1 products of CO and HCOOH molecules.

关键词： ZnSn(OH) 6 Crystal facets Electrochemical carbon dioxide reduction C1 product Density functional theory

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Cooperative composites anchored with single atom Pb and carbon confined PbO nanoparticles for superior lead-carbon batteries

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2024年第10期97卷 486-497页

作者： Puqiang He Yi Yang Hui Huang Jing Huang Hongbiao Wang Yapeng He Zhongcheng Guo Faculty of Metallurgical and Energy engineering Kunming University of Science and Technology Metallurgical Electrode Material engineering technology research center of Yunnan Province Kunming Hendera technology Co.LTD.

The mitigation of sulphation and parasitic hydrogen evolution is considered as prominent research emphasis for the development of lead-carbon batteries（LCBs） in large-scale energy storage ***,cooperative Pb-C composites consisting of single atom Pb and carbon-encapsulated PbO nanoparticles were prepared by freeze-drying technique and pyrolytic reduction to address above *** innovative use of Pb2+to cross-link sodium alginate enabled a uniform distribution of Pb in the composites,generating Pb-C-PbO three-phase *** analysis and theoretical calculations revealed the synergistic interactions between single-atom Pb and PbO nanoparticles in suppressing parasitic hydrogen evolution and promoting the adsorption of Pb *** presence of monatomic Pb and PbO enhanced the affinity of the composites for the negative active materials and facilitated the transformation of the active materials from bulk into spherical shapes to enhance the specific surface area,thereby counteracting *** the coordinated integration of various functionalities offered by Pb@C-x,the cycle life of the battery at HRPSoC reaches 7025 cycles,which is two times for LCB with pure carbon ***,the discharge capacity increased from 3.52 to 3.79 *** study provides substantial insights into the construction of Pb-C composites for LCBs to inhibit negative sulphation and hydrogen evolution.

关键词： Hydrogen evolution Lead carbon composites Lead-carbon battery Negative sulphation Single-atom

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Microstructure evolution and strengthening mechanism of high -performance powder metallurgy TA15 titanium alloy by hot rolling

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International Journal of Minerals,Metallurgy and Materials 2024年第6期31卷 1426-1436页

作者： Ying Gao Ce Zhang Jiazhen Zhang Xin Lu Beijing Advanced Innovation center for Materials Genome engineering State Key Laboratory for Advanced Metals and MaterialsInstitute for Advanced Ma-terials and TechnologyUniversity of Science and Technology BeijingBeijing 100083China National engineering research center for Advanced Rolling technology National Engineering Research Center for Flat Rolling EquipmentInstitute of Engin-eering TechnologyUniversity of Science and Technology BeijingBeijing 100083China

Hot deformation of sintered billets by powder metallurgy(PM)is an effective preparation technique for titanium alloys,which is more significant for high-alloying *** this study,Ti–6.5Al–2Zr–Mo–V(TA15)titanium alloy plates were prepared by cold press-ing sintering combined with high-temperature hot *** microstructure and mechanical properties under different process paramet-ers were *** microscope,electron backscatter diffraction,and others were applied to characterize the microstructure evolution and mechanical properties strengthening *** results showed that the chemical compositions were uniformly dif-fused without segregation during sintering,and the closing of the matrix craters was accelerated by increasing the sintering *** block was hot rolled at 1200℃ with an 80%reduction under only two passes without *** strength and elongation of the plate at 20–25℃ after solution and aging were 1247 MPa and 14.0%,respectively,which were increased by 24.5%and 40.0%,respect-ively,compared with the as-sintered alloy at 1300℃.The microstructure was significantly refined by continuous dynamic recrystalliza-tion,which was completed by the rotation and dislocation absorption of the substructure surrounded by low-angle grain *** hot rolling combined with heat treatment,the strength and plasticity of PM-TA15 were significantly improved,which resulted from the dense,uniform,and fine recrystallization structure and the synergistic effect of multiple slip systems.

关键词： elemental powder powder metallurgy titanium alloy hot rolling strength and plasticity

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Near-field wideband beam training for ELAA with uniform circular array

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Science China(Information Sciences) 2024年第6期67卷 370-383页

作者： Yuhao CHEN Linglong DAI Department of Electronic engineering Tsinghua UniversityBeijing National Research Center for Information Science and Technology (BNRist)

Extremely large-scale antenna array(ELAA) at millimeter wave(mmWave) and Terahertz(THz)band has been considered a key technology for combating high attenuation in high-frequency bands in future6G communications. Uniform circular arrays(UCAs) have attracted much attention because of their ability to provide flat beamforming gain at all angles. To realize efficient beamforming, beam training is widely used to acquire channel state information. However, with a large antenna number, the beam training overhead in ELAA systems becomes overwhelming. Moreover, with a large bandwidth, the beam defocus effect severely degrades beam training accuracy. To address these issues, this paper proposes a frequency-dependent focusing(FDF)-based beam training scheme to realize effective beam training in near-field wideband ELAA systems with UCA. Specifically, we first analyze the FDF property of UCA, where signals at different subcarriers can simultaneously focus on different distances. Then, by exploiting the FDF property to search different distances using different subcarriers simultaneously, we design a hierarchical codebook and propose an FDFbased beam training scheme. To reveal the effectiveness of the proposed scheme, we compare its necessary beam training overhead with that of existing schemes. Finally, the simulation results demonstrate that the proposed scheme can achieve accurate beam training in near-field wideband UCA systems with a low beam training overhead.

关键词： extremely large-scale antenna array (ELAA) uniform circular array (UCA) near-field wideband beam training

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Observation of an upward lightning flash with 21 upward positive leaders initiated from different wind turbines in wind farm

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High Voltage 2024年第1期9卷 163-171页

作者： Li Cai Yifeng Ke Wenchao Fan Ruisheng Yan Mi Zhou Jianguo Wang Yadong Fan engineering research center of Ministry of Education for Lightning Protection and Grounding technology School of Electrical Engineering and AutomationWuhan UniversityWuhanChina

As the wind turbine height increases,the probability of multiple upward leaders flashes within the wind farm *** this study,an upward lightning flash containing 21 upward positive leaders(UPLs)initiated from different wind turbines in Zhangbei Wind Farm was *** average speed of the UPLs was 1.2×10^(5) m/s,which mostly decreased to zero before reaching the cloud *** four UPLs developed to cloud height,with prolonged periods of bright light on three of them and with a minimum duration of 126 ms.A total of nine return strokes occurred on the other two dissipated leader channels,and the numbers of strokes on the two channels was six and three,*** average interstroke interval for the return strokes was 10.5 *** of these nine return strokes had peak currents smaller than 10 *** high-speed video frames confirmed that competition does exist between the UPLs,and the range of shielding effects increases as the height of the ULs *** effect of fan rotation on the initiation of upward leaders and the shielding effect between the wind turbines and upward leaders are discussed.

关键词： flash return initiated

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