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TRADE-OFFS IN THE DESIGN OF sustainable cropping systems AT A REGIONAL LEVEL:A CASE STUDY ON THE NORTH CHINA PLAIN

Frontiers of Agricultural Science and Engineering 2022年第2期9卷 295-308页

作者： Jeroen C.J.GROOT Xiaolin YANG Farming systems Ecology Wageningen University&ResearchP.O.Box 4306700 AK Wageningenthe Netherlands International Maize and Wheat Improvement Center(CIMMYT) Sustainable Intensification ProgramCarretera México-VeracruzKm.45El Batán56237 TexcocoMéxico Alliance of Bioversity International and CIAT PerformanceInnovation and Strategic Analysis for Impact unitVia di San Domenico 100153 RomeItaly College of Water Resources&Civil Engineering China Agricultural UniversityBeijing 100193China

Since the Green Revolution cropping systems have been progressively homogenized and intensified with increasing rates of inputs such as fertilizers,pesticides and *** has resulted in higher crop productivity but also a high environmental burden due to increased pollution and water *** identify opportunities for increasing the productivity and reducing the environmental impact of cropping systems,it is crucial to assess the associated *** paper presents a model-based analysis of how 30 different crop rotations practiced in the North China Plain could be combined at the regional level to overcome trade-offs between indicators of economic,food security,and environmental *** model uses evolutionary multi-objective optimization to maximize revenues,livestock products,dietary and vitamin C yield,and to minimize the decline of the groundwater *** modeling revealed substantial trade-offs between objectives of maximizing productivity and profitability versus minimizing ground water decline,and between production of livestock products and vitamin C *** strategies each defining a specific combination of cropping systems and contributing to different extents to the various objectives were *** of these six strategies could be used to find opportunities to mitigate the tradeoffs between *** was concluded that a holistic analysis of the potential of a diversity cropping systems at a regional level is needed to find integrative solutions for challenges due to conflicting objectives for food production,economic viability and environmental protection.

关键词： crop rotation food security multi-objective optimization water use

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Harnessing the Streptomyces-originating type I-E CRISPR/Cas system for efficient genome editing in Streptomyces

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Science China Life Sciences 2025年

作者： Yuhui Xie Xiaoyan Liu Tingting Wu Yunzi Luo Frontiers Science Center for Synthetic Biology and Key Laboratory of systems Bioengineering (Ministry of Education) School of Chemical Engineering and TechnologyTianjin University Department of Gastroenterology State Key Laboratory of BiotherapyWest China HospitalSichuan University Georgia Tech Shenzhen Institute Tianjin University Haihe Laboratory of sustainable Chemical Transformations

Since their discovery,CRISPR/Cas systems have significantly expanded the genetic toolbox,aiding in the exploration and enhanced production of natural products across various *** these,class 2 CRISPR/Cas systems are simpler and more broadly used,but they frequently fail to function effectively in many Streptomyces *** this study,we present an engineered class 1 type I CRISPR/Cas system derived from Streptomyces avermitilis,which enables efficient gene editing in phylogenetically distant Streptomyces *** a plasmid interference assay,we identified the effective protospacer adjacent motif as 5′-AAN-3′.Utilizing this system,we achieved targeted chromosomal deletions ranging from 8 bp to 100 kb,with efficiencies exceeding 92%.We further utilized this system to insert DNA fragments into different Streptomyces genomes,facilitating the heterologous expression of exogenous genes and the activation of endogenous natural product biosynthetic gene ***,we established a type I CRISPR/Cas-based gene-editing methodology that significantly advances the exploration of Streptomyces,known for their rich natural product *** is the first report of a gene editing tool developed based on the endogenous class 1 type I CRISPR/Cas system in Streptomyces *** work enriches the Streptomyces gene manipulation toolbox and advances the discovery of valuable natural products within these organisms.

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Quercus acutissima exhibits more adaptable water uptake patterns in response to seasonal changes compared to Pinus massoniana

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FOREST ECOsystems 2025年第1期12卷 29-37页

作者： Zhang, Suimeng Wang, Xiaodi Huang, Zhaowang Bao, Yitao Jiang, Jiang Liu, Ziqiang China Inst Water Resources & Hydropower Res Yinshanbeilu Grassland Ecohydrol Natl Observat & R Beijing 100038 Peoples R China Nanjing Forestry Univ Co Innovat Ctr Sustainable Forestry Southern China Nanjing 210037 Peoples R China

Background: Seasonal precipitation variability significantly affects water use in forests;however, whether water uptake is adapted to changes in precipitation, particularly whether it could affect the coexistence of tree species, has rarely been quantified in forest systems. Method: In this study, dual stable isotopes and the Li-6400 portable photosynthesis system were used to determine the water sources of a mixed conifer ( Pinus massoniana) ) and broadleaf ( Quercus acutissima) ) forest and changes in hydraulic characteristics during the dry and wet seasons in a southern hilly region of China. Results: Although the hydraulic characteristics of P . massoniana were lower than those of Q . acutissima, , it maintained a stable water source from the deep soil layer and a higher stomatal conductance (Gs), leading to a higher transpiration rate (Tr) during the growing seasons. Q. acutissima mainly absorbed water from deeper soil layers in the dry season and took up from shallow soil layers in the wet season. Its Gs values exhibited sensitivity to precipitation, while it maintained a lower Tr value during the growing seasons. The excessive water-use strategy observed in P. massoniana may confer weak drought-tolerance during higher frequency and more intense extreme precipitation events, whereas Q. acutissima may exhibit better ecological adaption to precipitation changes. Conclusions: The overlap of water niches in mixed forests did not appear to affect the coexistence of tree species. The present study provides insights into reforestation and water management in the southern hilly regions of China.

关键词： Water use Transpiration Stable isotope Hydraulic characteristics

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Phase equilibria of slag systems“FeO”−SiO_(2)−CaO−Al_(2)O_(3)and“FeO”−SiO_(2)−CaO−MgO at 1200℃and p(O_(2))of 10^(−7)kPa

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Transactions of Nonferrous Metals Society of China 2025年第1期35卷 338-348页

作者： Sui XIE Qin-meng WANG Xue-yi GUO Chun-fa LIAO Bao-jun ZHAO Faculty of Materials Metallurgy and ChemistryJiangxi University of Science and TechnologyGanzhou 341000China National Rare Earth Functional Material Innovation Center Ganzhou 341000China School of Metallurgy and Environment Central South UniversityChangsha 410083China sustainable Minerals Institute The University of QueenslandBrisbane 4072Australia

High-temperature experiments were carried out for the slag systems of“FeO”−SiO_(2)−CaO−Al_(2)O_(3)and“FeO”−SiO_(2)−CaO−MgO at 1200℃and p(O_(2))of 10^(−7)*** equilibrated samples were quenched,and the phase compositions were measured by electron probe microanalysis(EPMA).A series of pseudo-ternary and pseudo-binary phase diagrams are constructed to demonstrate their applications in copper smelting process and evaluation of the thermodynamic *** and tridymite are identified to be the major primary phases in the composition range related to the copper smelting *** is found that the operating window of the smelting slag is primarily determined by w_(Fe)/w_(SiO_(2))ratio in the *** MgO and Al_(2)O_(3)in the slag reduce the operating window which requires extra fluxing agent to keep the slag to be fully *** spinel solid solutions cause inaccurate predictions of the current thermodynamic database.

关键词： phase equilibrium “FeO”−SiO_(2)−CaO−Al_(2)O_(3)slag system “FeO”−SiO_(2)−CaO−MgO slag system oxygen partial pressure copper smelting slag FactSage

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Ozone risk assessment of common cypress(Cupressus sempervirens L.)clones and effects of Seiridium cardinale infection

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2025年第5期151卷 441-453页

作者： Jacopo Manzini Yasutomo Hoshika Roberto Danti Barbara Baesso Moura Elena Paoletti Gianni Della Rocca Institute of Research on Terrestrial Ecosystems(IRET) National Research Council of Italy(CNR)Via Madonna del Piano 10Sesto Fiorentino 50019Italy Department of agricultural foodenvironmental and forestry science and technology(DAGRI)University of FlorencePiazzale delle Cascine18Firenze 50144Italy Institute for sustainable Plant Protection(IPSP) National Research Council of Italy(CNR)Via Madonna del Piano 10Sesto Fiorentino 50019Italy

Cupressus sempervirens is a relevant species in the Mediterranean for its cultural,economic and landscape *** species is threatened by Seiridium cardinale,the causal agent of the cypress canker disease(CCD).The effects of biotic stressors on O_(3)risk assessment are unknown and a comprehensive O_(3)risk assessment in *** is *** fill these gaps,two clones of ***,one resistant(Clone R)and one susceptible to CCD(Clone S),were subjected to three levels of O_(3)(Ambient Air-AA;1.5×AA;2.0×AA)for two consecutive years in an O_(3)-free-air controlled exposure facility and artificially inoculated with *** the exposure-(AOT40)and flux-based(PODy)indices were *** found that PODy performed better than AOT40 to assess O_(3)effects on biomass and the critical level for a 4%biomass loss was 2.51 mmol/m^(2)***,significant O_(3)dose-response relationships were not found for the inoculated cypresses because the combination of middle level O_(3)(1.5×AA)and inoculation stimulated a biomass growth in Clone S as hormetic ***,we found a different inter-clonal response to both stressors with a statistically significant reduction of total and belowground biomass following O_(3),and lower root biomass in Clone S than in Clone R following pathogen *** summary,Clone R was more resistant to O_(3),and inoculation altered O_(3)risk via an hormetic effect on *** results warrant further studies on how biotic stressors affect O_(3)responses and risk assessment.

关键词： Abiotic stress Air pollution Ozone risk assessment Plant pathology PODy Stomatal conductance model

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A Multifunctional Hydrogel with Multimodal Self-Powered Sensing Capability and Stable Direct Current Output for Outdoor Plant Monitoring systems

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Nano-Micro Letters 2025年第4期17卷 1-24页

作者： Xinge Guo Luwei Wang Zhenyang Jin Chengkuo Lee Department of Electrical&Computer Engineering National University of Singapore4 Engineering Drive 3Singapore 117576Singapore Center for Intelligent Sensors and MEMS(CISM) National University of Singapore5 Engineering Drive 1Singapore 117608Singapore NUS Graduate School-Integrative Sciences and Engineering Program(ISEP) National University of SingaporeSingapore 119077Singapore Research Center for sustainable Urban Farming(SUrF) National University of SingaporeSingapore 117558Singapore

Smart farming with outdoor monitoring systems is critical to address food shortages and sustainability *** systems facilitate informed decisions that enhance efficiency in broader environmental *** outdoor systems equipped with energy harvesters and self-powered sensors often struggle with fluctuating energy sources,low durability under harsh conditions,non-transparent or non-biocompatible materials,and complex ***,a multifunctional hydrogel is developed,which can fulfill all the above requirements and build selfsustainable outdoor monitoring systems solely by *** can serve as a stable energy harvester that continuously generates direct current output with an average power density of 1.9 W m^(-3)for nearly 60 days of operation in normal environments(24℃,60%RH),with an energy density of around 1.36×10^(7)J m^(-3).It also shows good self-recoverability in severe environments(45℃,30%RH)in nearly 40 days of continuous ***,this hydrogel enables noninvasive and self-powered monitoring of leaf relative water content,providing critical data on evaluating plant health,previously obtainable only through invasive or high-power consumption *** potential extends to acting as other self-powered environmental *** multifunctional hydrogel enables self-sustainable outdoor systems with scalable and low-cost production,paving the way for future agriculture.

关键词： Self-powered sensor Hydrogel Energy harvester Outdoor farming Self-sustainable IoT

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Using Digital Elevation Model to Improve Soil pH Prediction in an Alpine Doline

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Pedosphere 2011年第2期21卷 259-270页

作者： A. CASTRIGNANO G. BUTTAFUOCO R. COMOLLI A. CASTRIGNANO CRA-Research Unit for cropping systems in Dry Environments Bari 70125 (Italy) CNR Institute for Agricultural and Forest systems in the Mediterranean Rende (CS) 87036 (Italy) Department of Environmental Sciences (DISAT) University of Milano-Bieocca Milano 20126 (Italy)

Among spatial interpolation techniques,geostatistics is generally preferred because it takes into account the spatial correlation between neighbouring observations in order to predict attribute values at unsampled locations.A doline of approximately 15 000 m 2 at 1 900 m above sea level (North Italy) was selected as the study area to estimate a digital elevation model (DEM) using geostatistics,to provide a realistic distribution of the errors and to demonstrate whether using widely available secondary data provided more accurate estimates of soil pH than those obtained by univariate *** was measured at 467 randomly distributed points that were converted into a regular DEM using ordinary ***,110 pits were located using spatial simulated annealing (SSA) *** interpolation techniques were multi-linear regression analysis (MLR),ordinary kriging (OK),regression kriging (RK),kriging with external drift (KED) and multi-collocated ordinary cokriging (CKmc).A cross-validation test was used to assess the prediction performances of the different algorithms and then evaluate which methods performed *** and KED yielded better results than the more complex CKmc and *** choice of the most appropriate interpolation method accounting for redundant auxiliary information was strongly conditioned by site specific situations.

关键词： kriging with external drift multi-collocated ordinary cokriging multi-linear regression ordinary kriging regression kriging

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Introduction of atomic H into Si_3N_4/SiO_2/Si stacks

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Rare Metals 2006年第z1期25卷 150-152页

作者： WEBER K.J. BLAKERS A.W. Centre for sustainable Energy systems Faculty of Engineering and Information Technology The Australian National University Canberra ACT 0200 Australia

Atomic H generated by a plasma NH3 source at 400 ℃ was demonstrated to passivate dehydrogenated Si3N4/SiO2/Si stacks effectively by bonding with defects in the Si3N4 film and at the Si-SiO2 interface. A subsequent anneal in N2 after atomic H reintroduction was demonstrated to further improve passivation of the Si-SiO2 interface. Isothermal and isochronal anneals in N2 were carried out in order to determine the optimized annealing conditions.

关键词： LPCVD SiO2 passivation anneal

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Feature selection for energy system modeling: Identification of relevant time series information

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Energy and AI 2021年第2期4卷 16-29页

作者： Inga M.Muller Chair of Renewable and sustainable Energy systems Technical University of MunichAccisstrasse 21Munich 80333Germany

Heuristic or clustering based time series aggregation methods are often used to reduce temporal complexity of energy system models by selecting representative ***,these methods potentially neglect relevant information of time series(e.g.,distribution parameters).To identify relevant time series parameters,feature selection algorithms can be *** present research contributes by(a)developing a new feature selection approach based on clustering,nested modeling and regression(CNR)which is designed for applications requiring high selectivity and using different data sets,(b)comparing and evaluating CNR with feature selection methods available from the literature(e.g.,LASSO)and(c)identifying relevant information of the time series applied in energy system models,in particular those of demand,photovoltaic and *** show that CNR achieves on average up to 101%lower mean absolute errors when methods are directly ***,CNR better identifies relevant information when the number of selected features is *** disadvantage of CNR,however,is its high computational effort.A potential remedy to counter this is the combination with another method(e.g.,as pre-feature selection).In terms of relevant information,energy systems including photovoltaic are mainly characterized by the correlation between demand and photovoltaic time series as well as the range and the 35%quantile of *** energy systems include wind power,the minimum and mean of wind as well as the correlation between demand and wind time series are relevant *** implications of these findings are discussed.

关键词： Energy system modeling Feature selection Time series analysis Nested modeling Clustering Regression Intermittent renewable energies

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Iterative static modeling of channelized reservoirs using history-matched facies probability data and rejection of training image

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Petroleum Science 2019年第1期16卷 127-147页

作者： Kyungbook Lee Sungil Kim Jonggeun Choe Baehyun Min Hyun Suk Lee Petroleum and Marine Research Division Korea Institute of Geoscience and Mineral Resources Department of Climate and Energy systems Engineering Division of Sustainable Systems Engineering Ewha Womans University Department of Energy systems Engineering Seoul National University

Most inverse reservoir modeling techniques require many forward simulations, and the posterior models cannot preserve geological features of prior models. This study proposes an iterative static modeling approach that utilizes dynamic data for rejecting an unsuitable training image(TI) among a set of TI candidates and for synthesizing history-matched pseudo-soft data. The proposed method is applied to two cases of channelized reservoirs, which have uncertainty in channel geometry such as direction, amplitude, and width. Distance-based clustering is applied to the initial models in total to select the qualified models efficiently. The mean of the qualified models is employed as a history-matched facies probability map in the next iteration of static models. Also, the most plausible TI is determined among TI candidates by rejecting other TIs during the iteration. The posterior models of the proposed method outperform updated models of ensemble Kalman filter(EnKF) and ensemble smoother(ES) because they describe the true facies connectivity with bimodal distribution and predict oil and water production with a reasonable range of uncertainty. In terms of simulation time, it requires 30 times of forward simulation in history matching, while the EnKF and ES need 9000 times and 200 times, respectively.

关键词： History-matched facies probability map Training image rejection Iterative static modeling Channelized reservoirs Multiple-point statistics History matching

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