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Intensified warming suppressed the snowmelt in the Tibetan Plateau

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Advances in Climate Change research 2024年第3期15卷 452-463页

作者： Xiang LI Peng CUI Xue-Qin ZHANG Fang ZHANG Key lab of Land Surface Pattern and simulation Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources ResearchBeijing 100101China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China China‒Pakistan Joint research Center on Earth Sciences Chinese Academy of Sciences and Higher Education CommissionIslamabad 45320Pakistan

Understanding how hydrological factors interrelate is crucial when examining the impact of climate warming on ***,these connections are often overlooked,leading to an unclear relationship between temperature and *** study investigates the complex interplay between temperature and snowmelt in the Tibetan Plateau from 1961 to 2020,focusing on how extreme high-temperature events affect the frequency of extreme *** a structural equation model,we detected three temperature-related factors that predominantly influenced snowmelt and extreme *** annual average temperature was found to have a significant indirect impact on snowmelt,mediated by changes in snowfall,snow depth and snow *** contrast,high-temperature days(daily maximum temperatures exceeding the 90th percentile)and heat waves(at least three consecutive high-temperature days)negatively affected extreme snowmelt directly or *** direct effect of increasing extreme temperature events was associated with an earlier onset of high-temperature periods,which accelerated snowmelt and shortened the duration of extreme snowmelt ***,the reduction in snow cover owing to warming emerged as a main factor suppressing snowmelt and extreme snowmelt *** also revealed spatiotemporal variations in the temperature‒snowmelt relationship that highly depended on changes in snowmelt *** study elucidated why warming suppresses snowmelt and extreme snowmelt events in the Tibetan Plateau,highlighting the mediating roles of snow-related and phenological *** findings will provide scientific support for climate simulation and water management policymaking in alpine regions worldwide.

关键词： Climate change Extreme temperature Snowmelt Structural equation model Tibetan Plateau

Improving creep strength of the fine-grained heat-affected zone of novel 9Cr martensitic heat-resistant steel via modified thermo-mechanical treatment

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International Journal of Minerals,Metallurgy and Materials 2024年第5期31卷 1037-1047页

作者： Jingwen Zhang Liming Yu Yongchang Liu Ran Ding Chenxi Liu Zongqing Ma Huijun Li Qiuzhi Gao Hui Wang State Key lab of Hydraulic Engineering simulation and Safety Tianjin Key Lab of Composite and Functional MaterialsTianjin UniversityTianjin 300072China School of Resources and Materials Northeastern University at QinhuangdaoQinhuangdao 066004China School of Mechanical Engineering Chengdu UniversityChengdu 610106China

The infamous type Ⅳ failure within the fine-grained heat-affected zone (FGHAZ) in G115 steel weldments seriously threatens the safe operation of ultra-supercritical (USC) power *** this work,the traditional thermo-mechanical treatment was modified via the replacement of hot-rolling with cold rolling,i.e.,normalizing,cold rolling,and tempering (NCT),which was developed to improve the creep strength of the FGHAZ in G115 steel *** NCT treatment effectively promoted the dissolution of preformed M_(23)C_(6)particles and relieved the boundary segregation of C and Cr during welding thermal cycling,which accelerated the dispersed reprecipitation of M_(23)C_(6) particles within the fresh reaustenitized grains during post-weld heat *** addition,the precipitation of Cu-rich phases and MX particles was promoted evidently due to the deformation-induced *** a result,the interacting actions between precipitates,dislocations,and boundaries during creep were reinforced *** this strategy,the creep rupture life of the FGHAZ in G115 steel weldments can be prolonged by 18.6%,which can further push the application of G115 steel in USC power plants.

关键词： G115 steel fine-grained heat-affected zone creep strength element segregation nano-sized precipitates

Analysis of the Flow Field and Impact Force in High-Pressure Water Descaling

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Fluid Dynamics & Materials Processing 2024年第1期20卷 165-177页

作者： Yue Cui Liyuan Wang Jian Wu Haisheng Liu Di Wu Key lab of Intelligent Equipment Digital Design and Process simulation Hebei ProvinceTangshan UniversityTangshan063000China Department of Intelligent Manufacturing Tangshan Vocational College of Science and TechnologyTangshan063001China

This study aims to improve the performances of the high-pressure water descaling technology used in steel hot rolling *** particular,a 2050 mm hot rolling line is considered,and the problem is investigated by means of a fluid–structure interaction(FSI)method by which the descaling effect produced by rolling coils with different section sizes is *** a flat fan-shaped nozzle at the entrance of the R1R2 roughing mill,the outflow field characteristics and the velocity distribution curve on the strike line(at a target distance of 30–120 mm)are *** is found that the velocity in the center region of the water jet with different target distances is higher than that in the boundary *** the target distance increases,the velocity of the water jet in the central region *** comparison with experimental results,it is shown that the simulation model can accurately predict the impact position of the high-pressure water on the impact plate,thereby providing a computational scheme that can be used to optimize the nozzle space layout and improve the slabs’descent effect for different rolling specifications.

关键词： High pressure water descaling flow field analysis FSI target distance strike range

Spatially resolved investigation of flame particle interaction in a two dimensional model packed bed

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Particuology 2024年第2期85卷 167-185页

作者： Mohammadhassan Khodsiani Reza Namdar Fathollah Varnik Frank Beyrau Benoit Fond Institute of Fluid Dynamics and Thermodynamics Universitaetsplatz 2Magdeburg39106Saxony-AnhaltGermany Interdisciplinary Centre for Advanced Materials simulation(ICAMS) Ruhr-University BochumBochum44801Germany ONERA The French Aerospace lab Department of AerodynamicsAeroelasticity and Acoustics(DAAA)Paris-Saclay UniversityMeudon92190France

This study investigates the interaction between a premixed methane-air flame and particles inside a model packed *** opacity of the spherical packed beds to visible light poses a major barrier to the implementation of highly resolved optical diagnostics,so that no detailed experimental data were so far available for the validation of numerical ***,a two-dimensional cylindrical packed bed design is set up,which enables direct line-of-sight optical measurements without loss of spatial reso-lution over the fluid region between the *** this study,the case of cold metallic cylindrical particles(T=377 K)relevant to start-up of a reactor is investigated using internal particle cooling,which also allows cylinder specific heat transfer rate measurements by differential temperature measurements on the coolant *** two dimensional assumption is first verified by measuring the inflow ve-locity and cylinder temperature profile along the *** imaging is then per-formed using a telecentric lens to observe the position and geometry of the two-dimensional flame front with respect to the surrounding cylinders without loss of ***,the cylinder-specific flame to cylinder heat transfer rates and cylinder surface temperature are *** the flame is closely surrounded by the three cooled cylinders,intense heat transfer is observed in this region corresponding to 25±2.5%of the flame thermal *** were stabilised at different positions depending on inflow velocity and equivalence ratio,and a direct correlation between flame to cylinder stand-off distance and the heat transfer rate normalised to the flame thermal power was found for both top and side ***,sidewall quenching distances to the curved cylinder surfaces were evaluated,and seem to be influenced by the presence of a warm recirculation zone behind the *** investigation provides fully resolved flame front position and heat tra

关键词： Packed beds Flame-particle interaction Optical diagnostics Sidewall quenching

Deer antler stem cell niche: An interesting perspective

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World Journal of Stem Cells 2024年第5期16卷 479-485页

作者： Claudia Cavallini Elena Olivi Riccardo Tassinari Chiara Zannini Gregorio Ragazzini Martina Marcuzzi Valentina Taglioli Carlo Ventura National laboratory of Molecular Biology and Stem Cell Engineering National Institute of Biostructures and Biosystems-Eldor LabBologna 40128Italy Eldor lab Bologna 40128Italy Department of Medical and surgical Sciences(DIMEC) University of BolognaBologna 40138Italy

In recent years,there has been considerable exploration into methods aimed at enhancing the regenerative capacity of transplanted and/or tissue-resident ***,in particular,have garnered significant interest for their potential to serve as natural scaffolds for *** this editorial,we provide commentary on the study by Wang et al,in a recently published issue of World J Stem Cells,which investigates the use of a decellularized xenogeneic extracellular matrix(ECM)derived from antler stem cells for repairing osteochondral defects in rat knee *** focus lies specifically on the crucial role of biological scaffolds as a strategy for augmenting stem cell potential and regenerative capabilities,thanks to the establishment of a favorable microenvironment(niche).Stem cell differen-tiation heavily depends on exposure to intrinsic properties of the ECM,including its chemical and protein composition,as well as the mechanical forces it can ***,these physicochemical cues contribute to a bio-instructive signaling environment that offers tissue-specific guidance for achieving effective repair and *** interest in mechanobiology,often conceptualized as a form of“structural memory”,is steadily gaining more validation and momen-tum,especially in light of findings such as these.

关键词： Extracellular matrix Antler stem cells Stem cell niche Regenerative medicine Decellularized scaffolds Cell memory

A novel electro-Fenton hybrid system for enhancing the interception of volatile organic compounds in membrane distillation desalination

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2024年第4期138卷 189-199页

作者： Hongxin Liu Kuiling Li Kunpeng Wang Zhiyong Wang Zimou Liu Sichao Zhu Dan Qu Yu Zhang Jun Wang State Key laboratory of Environmental Aquatic Chemistry Research Center for Eco-Environmental SciencesChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100085China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China State Key laboratory of Environment simulation and Pollution Control School of Environment Tsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China School of Chemical and Environmental Engineering Beijing CampusChina University of Mining and TechnologyBeijing 100083China Beijing Key lab for Source Control Technology of Water Pollution College of Environmental Science and EngineeringBeijing Forestry UniversityBeijing 100083China

Membrane distillation(MD)is a promising alternative desalination technology,but the hydrophobic membrane cannot intercept volatile organic compounds(VOCs),resulting in aggravation in the quality of *** term of this,electro-Fenton(EF)was coupled with sweeping gas membrane distillation(SGMD)in a more efficient way to construct an advanced oxidation barrier at the gas-liquid interface,so that the VOCs could be trapped in this layer to guarantee the water quality of the *** the so-called EF-MD process,an interfacial interception barrier containing hydroxyl radical formed on the hydrophobic membrane *** contributed to the high phenol rejection of 90.2% with the permeate phenol concentration lower than 1.50 mg/*** interceptions can be achieved in a wide temperature range,even though the permeate flux of phenol was also *** EF-MD system was robust to high salinity and could electrochemically regenerate ferrous ions,which endowed the long-term stability of the *** novel EF-MD configuration proposed a valuable strategy to intercept VOCs in MD and will broaden the application of MD in hypersaline wastewater treatment.

关键词： Membrane distillation VOC interception Interfacial oxidation Electro-Fenton Hypersaline wastewater

Numerical study of convective heat transfer in static arrangements of particles with arbitrary shapes:A monolithic hybrid lattice Boltzmann-finite difference-phase field solver

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Particuology 2024年第2期85卷 186-197页

作者： Reza Namdar Mohammadhassan Khodsiani Hesameddin Safari Tanya Neeraj Seyed Ali Hosseini Frank Beyrau Benoit Fond Dominique Thevenin Fathollah Varnik Interdisciplinary Centre for Advanced Materials simulation(ICAMS) Ruhr-University BochumBochum44801Germany laboratory of Technical Thermodynamics University of Magdeburg"Otto von Guericke"Magdeburg39106Germany laboratory of Fluid Dynamics and Technical Flows University of Magdeburg"Otto von Guericke"MagdeburgD-39106Germany Department of Mechanical and Process Engineering ETH ZurichZurich8092Switzerland ONERA The French Aerospace lab Department of AerodynamicsAeroelasticity and Acoustics(DAAA)Paris-Saclay UniversityMeudon92190France

A compressible lattice Boltzmann-finite difference method is extended by the phase-field approach into a monolithic scheme to study fluid flow and heat transfer through regular arrangements of solid bodies of circular,elliptical and irregular *** advantage of using the phase-field method is demon-strated both in its simplicity of accounting for flow and thermal boundary conditions at solid surfaces with irregular shapes and in the capability of generating such complex-shaped *** an array of discs,numerical results for the overall solid-to-gas heat transfer rate are validated via experiments on flow through arrays of hot *** thus validated compressible LB-FD-PF hybrid scheme is used to study the dependence of heat transfer on flow and thermal boundary conditions(Reynolds number,temperature difference between the hot solid bodies and the inlet gas),porosity as well as on the shape of solid *** are rationalized in terms of the residence time of the gas close to the solid body and downstream variations of gas velocity and *** for further applications of the proposed methodology are also discussed.

关键词： Lattice Boltzmann method Finite difference scheme Convective heat transfer Diffuse interface Thermal compressible flow

A survey on blockchain-enabled federated learning and its prospects with digital twin

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Digital Communications and Networks 2024年第2期10卷 248-264页

作者： Kangde Liu Zheng Yan Xueqin Liang Raimo Kantola Chuangyue Hu State Key lab on Integrated Services Network School of Cyber EngineeringXidian UniversityXi'anChina Department of Communications and Networking Aalto UniversityEspooFinland Yangtze Delta Region Blockchain Technology research Institute JiaxingChina

Digital Twin(DT)supports real time analysis and provides a reliable simulation platform in the Internet of Things(IoT).The creation and application of DT hinges on amounts of data,which poses pressure on the application of Artificial Intelligence(AI)for DT descriptions and intelligent *** Learning(FL)is a cutting-edge technology that enables geographically dispersed devices to collaboratively train a shared global model locally rather than relying on a data center to perform model ***,DT can benefit by combining with FL,successfully solving the"data island"problem in traditional ***,FL still faces serious challenges,such as enduring single-point failures,suffering from poison attacks,lacking effective incentive *** the successful deployment of DT,we should tackle the issues caused by *** from industry and academia have recognized the potential of introducing Blockchain Technology(BT)into FL to overcome the challenges faced by FL,where BT acting as a distributed and immutable ledger,can store data in a secure,traceable,and trusted ***,to the best of our knowledge,a comprehensive literature review on this topic is still *** this paper,we review existing works about blockchain-enabled FL and visualize their prospects with *** this end,we first propose evaluation requirements with respect to security,faulttolerance,fairness,efficiency,cost-saving,profitability,and support for ***,we classify existing literature according to the functionalities of BT in FL and analyze their advantages and disadvantages based on the proposed evaluation ***,we discuss open problems in the existing literature and the future of DT supported by blockchain-enabled FL,based on which we further propose some directions for future research.

关键词： Digital twin Artificial intelligence Federated learning Blockchain

Numerical study of the influence of the atmospheric pressure on the thermal environment in the passenger cabin

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Building simulation 2024年第2期17卷 253-265页

作者： Xin Su Yu Guo Zhengwei Long Yi Cao Tianjin Key lab.of Indoor Air Environmental Quality Control School of Environmental Science and EngineeringTianjin UniversityTianjin300072China Shanghai Aircraft Design and research Institute Jinke RoadPudong DistrictShanghai201210China

The cabin air pressure remains lower than the horizontal atmospheric pressure when the airplane is in *** pressure is one of the parameters that must be taken into consideration while studying the thermal environment of an airplane *** are still no reference values for aircraft cabins despite the fact that numerous studies on low pressure heat transfer have demonstrated the connection between convective heat transfer coefficient(CHTC)and air *** this paper,a correction method for CHTC under low pressure conditions was established by using the dummy heat dissipation in the low-pressure cabin *** this basis,a thermal environment simulation model was developed,then was applied to the simulation of a seven-row aircraft cabin containing 42 passengers,and the CHTC and heat loss of dummy surface in the cabin were ***,the results of PMV calculated by using heat dissipation and air parameters at sampling points were *** results show that the modified CHTC can accurately reflect the cabin thermal environment under low pressure conditions,and the correction of CHTC can be realized by adjusting the turbulent Prandtl number,which is nonlinear correlated with the *** simulation results of the thermal environment in the seven-row cabin show that the CHTC changes by about 42%before and after *** air pressure decreases during take-off,which reduces the average CHTC of the crew surface from 5.09 W/(m^(2)·K)to 4.56 W/(m^(2)·K),but the air temperature rises by about 0.2°C as a *** deviation of PMV results calculated by using simulated heat loss data and using air parameters of measuring points in space is up to 0.5,but the latter is representative for calculating the thermal comfort level of the whole cabin.

关键词： low pressure aircraft cabin simulation heat dissipation convective heat transfer coefficient