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Nanoparticles for the treatment of spinal cord injury

Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第6期20卷 1665-1680页

作者： Qiwei Yang Di Lu Jiuping Wu Fuming Liang Huayi Wang Junjie Yang Ganggang Zhang Chen Wang Yanlian Yang Ling Zhu Xinzhi Sun Department of Orthopedic Surgery The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou UniversityZhengzhouHenan ProvinceChina CAS Key Laboratory of Standardization and Measurement for Nanotechnology CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and NanosafetyCAS Center for Excellence in NanoscienceNational Center for Nanoscience and TechnologyBeijingChina University of Chinese Academy of Sciences BeijingChina Department of Neurosurgery The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical UniversityChongqingChina

Spinal cord injuries lead to significant loss of motor, sensory, and autonomic functions, presenting major challenges in neural regeneration. Achieving effective therapeutic concentrations at injury sites has been a slow process, partly due to the difficulty of delivering drugs effectively. Nanoparticles, with their targeted delivery capabilities, biocompatibility, and enhanced bioavailability over conventional drugs, are garnering attention for spinal cord injury treatment. This review explores the current mechanisms and shortcomings of existing treatments, highlighting the benefits and progress of nanoparticle-based approaches. We detail nanoparticle delivery methods for spinal cord injury, including local and intravenous injections, oral delivery, and biomaterial-assisted implantation, alongside strategies such as drug loading and surface modification. The discussion extends to how nanoparticles aid in reducing oxidative stress, dampening inflammation, fostering neural regeneration, and promoting angiogenesis. We summarize the use of various types of nanoparticles for treating spinal cord injuries, including metallic, polymeric, protein-based, inorganic non-metallic, and lipid nanoparticles. We also discuss the challenges faced, such as biosafety, effectiveness in humans, precise dosage control, standardization of production and characterization, immune responses, and targeted delivery in vivo. Additionally, we explore future directions, such as improving biosafety, standardizing manufacturing and characterization processes, and advancing human trials. Nanoparticles have shown considerable progress in targeted delivery and enhancing treatment efficacy for spinal cord injuries, presenting significant potential for clinical use and drug development.

关键词： antioxidants axon regeneration biocompatible materials drug carriers nanoparticles nerve regeneration neuroinflammatory diseases neuroprotection spinal cord injury stem cells

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Ultra-compact graphene plasmonic filter integrated in a waveguide

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Chinese Physics B 2018年第9期27卷 108-113页

作者： Baoxin Liao Xiangdong Guo Hai tlu Ning Liu Ke Chen Xiaoxia Yang Qing Dail, division of Nanophotonics CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience National Center for Nanoscience and Technology Beijing 100190 China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 China

Graphene plasmons have become promising candidates for deep-subwavelength nanoscale optical devices due to their strong field confinement and low damping. Among these nanoscale optical devices, band-pass filter for wavelength selection and noise filtering are key devices in an integrated optical circuit. However, plasmonic filters are still oversized because large resonant cavities are needed to perform frequency selection. Here, an ultra-compact filter integrated in a graphene plasmonic waveguide was designed, where a rectangular resonant cavity is inside a graphene nanoribbon waveguide. The properties of the filter were studied using the finite-difference time-domain method and demonstrated using the analytical model. The results demonstrate the band-pass filter has a high quality factor（20.36） and electrically tunable frequency response. The working frequency of the filter could also be tuned by modifying the cavity size. Our work provides a feasible structure for a graphene plasmonic nano-filter for future use in integrated optical circuits.

关键词： graphene plasmons plasmonic filter

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Nested hollow architectures of nitrogen-doped carbon-decorated Fe,Co,Ni-based phosphides for boosting water and urea electrolysis

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Nano Research 2022年第3期15卷 1916-1925页

作者： Jie Zhang Shoushuang Huang Ping Ning Peijun Xin Zhiwen Chen Qing Wang Kajsa Uvdal Zhangjun Hu Shanghai Applied Radiation Institute School of Environmental and Chemical EngineeringShanghai UniversityShanghai 200444China division of Molecular surface Physics&nanoscience Department of PhysicsChemistry and BiologyLinköping UniversityLinköping 58183Sweden

Tailoring the nanostructure/morphology and chemical composition is important to regulate the electronic configuration of electrocatalysts and thus enhance their performance for water and urea ***,the nitrogen-doped carbon-decorated tricomponent metal phosphides of FeP4 nanotube@Ni-Co-P nanocage(NC-FNCP)with unique nested hollow architectures are fabricated by a self-sacrifice template *** from the multi-component synergy,the modification of nitrogen-doped carbon,and the modulation of nested porous hollow morphology,NC-FNCP facilitates rapid electron/mass transport in water and urea ***-FNCP-based anode shows low potentials of 248 mV and 1.37 V(*** hydrogen electrode)to attain 10 mA/cm^(2) for oxygen evolution reaction(OER)and urea oxidation reaction(UOR),*** addition,the overall urea electrolysis drives 10 mA/cm^(2) at a comparatively low voltage of 1.52 V(***)that is 110 mV lower than that of overall water electrolysis,as well as exhibits excellent stability over 20 *** work strategizes a multi-shell-structured electrocatalyst with multi-compositions and explores its applications in a sustainable combination of hydrogen production and sewage remediation.

关键词： tri-metal phosphides nested hollow nano-architecture oxygen evolution reaction urea oxidation reaction

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Transport mechanism in chemically reactive hybrid nanofluid flow containing gyrotactic micro-organisms over a curved oscillatory surface

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Applied Mathematics and Mechanics(English Edition) 2025年第1期46卷 177-192页

作者： M.NAVEED M.IMRAN T.ASGHAR Z.ABBAS Department of Mathematics Division of Science and TechnologyUniversity of Education Department of Mathematics The Islamia University of Bahawalpur

This paper examines the transport analysis, including both heat transfer and mass transfer, in hybrid nanofluid flow containing gyrotactic microorganisms towards a curved oscillatory surface. The influence of magnetic fields is also inspected in terms of their physical characteristics. To depict the phenomena of transport, modified versions of both Fick's and Fourier's laws are used. Additionally, the characteristics of both heterogeneous and homogeneous chemical reactions are also incorporated. Utilizing a curvilinear coordinate system, the flow problem is formulated as partial differential equations(PDEs)for momentum, concentration, microorganism field, and energy. An analytical solution to the obtained flow equations is achieved utilizing the homotopy analysis method(HAM).The effects of significant flow parameters on the pressure and microorganism fields, velocity, oscillation velocity, concentration, and temperature distributions are shown via graphs. Furthermore, the variations in skin friction, mass transfer rate, heat transfer rate, and local motile number due to different involved parameters are presented in tables and are analyzed in detail. Graphical results indicate that the curves of velocity and temperature fields are enhanced as the values of the solid volume fraction variables *** is also verified that the concentration rate field decreases as the values of the homogeneous reaction strength parameter and the radius of curvature parameter increase, and it increases with the Schmidt number and the heterogeneous reaction strength *** outcomes show a favorable response of the motile number to advanced values of the Peclet number, the Schmidt number, the microorganism difference parameter, and the bio-convective Lewis number.

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Mechanical,Microstructural and Tribological Properties of Reactive Magnetron Sputtered Cr-Mo-N Films

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Journal of Materials Science & Technology 2015年第1期31卷 55-64页

作者： Dongli Qi Hao Lei Tiegang Wang Zhiliang Pei Jun Gong Chao Sun surface Engineering of Materials division Institute of Metal ResearchChinese Academy of Sciences

The Cr-Mo-N films were deposited on high speed steel（HSS） substrates by a DC reactive magnetron sputtering equipment coupled with two horizontal magnetron *** effects of substrate negative bias voltage（Vb）,substrate temperature（Ts） and gas flow ratio（R= N2/（N2+ Ar）） on the microstructure,morphology,as well as the mechanical and tribological properties of the Cr-Mo-N films were investigated by virtue of X-ray diffraction（XRD） analysis,X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy（XPS）,field emission scanning electron microscopy（FESEM）,atomic force microscopy（AFM）,nano-indentation test,ball-on-disk tribometer,and Rockwell indenter et *** increasing Vbto-100 V,the preferred orientation of the films changed from（111） to（200） and their mechanical and tribological properties were improved gradually,*** was also found that Tsgave a significant effect on mechanical property *** the Tsreached 300 ℃,the film obtained the highest hardness and effective elastic modulus of approximately 30.1 and 420.5 GPa,respectively and its critical load increased to about 54 *** increasing R,the phase transformation from body-centered-cubic（bcc） Cr and hexagonal CrMoNxmultiphase to single face-centered-cubic（fcc） solid solution phase was *** correlations between values of hardness（H）,effective elastic modulus（E*）,HIE*,H3/E*2,elastic recovery（1/14） and tribological properties of the films were also *** results showed that the elastic recovery played an important role in the tribological behavior.

关键词： Cr-Mo-N films DC magnetron sputtering Hardness Cri

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Ferroelectric,dielectric,and optical properties of Nd-substituted Bi4Ti3O12 nanoparticles synthesized by sol-gel method

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Progress in Natural Science:Materials International 2016年第6期26卷 528-532页

作者： A.Marikani V.Selvamurugan G.Mangamma S.Ravi R.Krishnasharma P.V.Chandrasekar M.Kamruddin D.Madhavan Department of Physics Mepco Schlenk Engineering College surface & nanoscience division Materials Science GroupIndira Gandhi Centre for Atomic Research(IGCAR) Institute of Optoelectronic Technology Fuzhou University Department of Chemistry Mepco Schlenk Engineering College

This paper reports the synthesis of neodymium substituted bismuth titanate nanoparticles（BNdT） for ferroelectric random access memory（Fe RAM） based applications using sol-gel route. X-ray diffraction pattern showed that the BNdT nanoparticles exhibited perovskite structure with orthorhombic phase. The microstructure of the BNdT nanoparticles showed that the grains were in spherical structure with a bi-modal distribution of spheres. Dielectric constant and dielectric loss of BNdT nanoparticles were measured in the frequency range 100 Hz to 100 kHz. Nd-substituted BNdT nanoparticles showed the high remanent polarization（Pr=33.2 μC/cm2, Ec=62.5 kV/cm） than pure bismuth titanate（BT）(Pr=14.6 μC/cm2, Ec=182.8 kV/cm) ideal for FeRAM based applications. The occurrence of red shift in photoluminescence（PL） spectrum is considered to be due to the isomerisation that may occur from the heating of samples.

关键词： Nanostructures Sol-gel method X-ray diffraction Dielectric properties Photoluminescence Ferroelectric materials

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Enhanced electrical properties in bilayered ferroelectric thin films

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Science China(Physics,Mechanics & Astronomy) 2013年第3期56卷 551-555页

作者： ZHANG Hao LONG WeiJie CHEN YaQing GUO DongJie Institute of Bio-inspired Structure and surface Engineering Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics Institute of nanoscience Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics

Sr2Bi4Ti5O18(SBTi) single layered and Sr2Bi4Ti5O18 /Pb(Zr0.53Ti0.47)O3(SBTi/PZT) bilayered thin films have been prepared on Pt/TiO2/SiO2/Si substrates by pulsed-laser deposition(PLD).The related structural characterizations and electrical properties have been comparatively investigated.X-ray diffraction reveals that both films have crystallized into perovskite phases and scanning electron microscopy shows the sharp *** films show well-saturated ferroelectric hysteresis loops,however,compared with the single layered SBTi films,the SBTi/PZT bilayered films have significantly increased remnant polarization(Pr) and decreased coercive field(Ec),with the applied field of 260 kV/*** measured Pr and Ec of SBTi and SBTi/PZT films were 7.9 C/cm 2,88.1 kV/cm and 13.0 C/cm 2,51.2 kV/cm,*** addition,both films showed good fatigue-free characteristics,the switchable polarization decreased by 9% and 11% of the initial values after 2.2 10 9 switching cycles for the SBTi single layered films and the SBTi/PZT bilayered films,*** results may provide some guidelines for further optimization of multilayered ferroelectric thin films.

关键词： bilayered films X-ray diffraction scanning electron microscopy ferroelectric properties

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Observation of etch pits in Fe-36wt%Ni Invar alloy

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International Journal of Minerals,Metallurgy and Materials 2014年第7期21卷 682-686页

作者： Dong-zhu Lu Min-jie Wu division of surface Engineering of Materials Institute of Metal ResearchChinese Academy of Sciences

To indirectly investigate the dislocation behavior of Fe-36wt%Ni Invar alloy by the etch pit method, polished Invar specimens were etched by a solution containing 4 g copper sulfate, 20 mL hydrochloric acid, and 20 mL deionized water for 2 min. Etch pits in the etched surfaces were observed. All the etch pits in one specific grain exhibited similar shapes, which are closely related to the grain orienta-tions. These etch pits were characterized as dislocation etch pits. It was observed that etch pits arranged along grain boundaries, gathered at grain tips and strip-like etch pit clusters passed through a number of grains in the pure Invar specimens. After the addition of a small amount of alloying elements, the identification of a single dislocation etch pit is challenging compared with the pure Invar alloy. Thus, the observation of etch pits facilitates the investigation on the dislocation behavior of the pure Invar alloy. In addition, alloying elements may affect the densities and sizes of etch pits.

关键词： Invar alloy dislocations etch pit technique alloying elements

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Lock-up function of fluorine enhances photovoltaic performance of polythiophene

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Science China Chemistry 2017年第2期60卷 251-256页

作者： Na Jiao Dan He Liu Qian Zhongli Lei Liming Ding Key Laboratory of Applied surface and Colloid Chemistry Ministry of EducationShaanxi Normal UniversityXi'an 710062China National Center for nanoscience and Technology Beijing 100190China

Three model polythiophenes,PTCBT,PTCFBT and PFTCBT,have been synthesized to investigate the effect of fluorination on photovoltaic performance of *** with PTCBT,PFTCBT with F atom on TC unit shows a narrower optical bandgap(1.79 eV),higher crystallinity,and ideal morphology in the active layer,leading to a higher short-circuit current density(J_(SC))of 11.84 mA/cm^2 and a power conversion efficiency(PCE)of 5.93%.The lock-up function of fluorine enhances polythiophene backbone planarity and molecular packing.

关键词： polythiophene fluorination planarity photovoltaic performance

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An in vivo study of the biodistribution of gold nanoparticles after intervaginal space injection in the tarsal tunnel

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Nano Research 2016年第7期9卷 2097-2109页

作者： Xiaoli Shi Yuting Zhu Wenda Hua Yinglu Ji Qing Ha Xinxiao Han Yang Liu Jingwei Gao Qiang Zhang Sidi Liu Keli Ren Xiaochun Wu Hongyi Li Dong Han National Center for nanoscience and Technology Beijing 100190 China Cardiology division Beijing Hospital of the Ministry of Health Beijing 100730 China

The biodistribution of gold nanoparticles （AuNPs） is closely related to toxicological effects and is of great concern because of their potential application in diverse biomedical areas. However, with the discovery of novel anatomic and histological structures for fluid transport, the underlying mechanisms involved in the in vivo transport and biodistribution of AuNPs require further in-depth investigations. In the current study, we investigated the biodistribution of 10-nm AuNPs in rats after intervaginal space injection （ISI） in the tarsal tunnel, where a focal point of tendons, vessels, and nerve fibers may optimally connect to other remote connective tissues. The intravenous injection （IVI） of AuNPs served as a control. The blood and organs were collected at 5, 15, and 30 min and at 1, 4, 12, and 24 h after injection for quantitative analysis of Au distribution with inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry （ICP-MS）. IVI and ISI yielded significantly different results： The AuNP content in the blood after ISI was much lower than that after IVI; was similar in the lungs, heart, and intestines; and was higher in the skin and muscle. These findings were supported by the ratios of AuNP content and relative organ AuNP distribution proportions. Our results demonstrated a fast, direct, and the circulation-independent AuNP-organ transport pathway, which may improve our understanding of physiological and pathological biodistribution processes in biological systems. Furthermore, these results provide novel insights into the in vivo transport and biodistribution of AuNPs, which may lead to novel and efficient therapeutic and administration strategies.

关键词： gold nanospheres hierarchical multiphaseporous medium intervaginal space injection in vivo transport inductively coupled plasmamass spectrometry(ICP-MS)

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