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仪器仪表学报 2007年第8期28卷 1358-1366页

作者： WangWeijie Institute of Motion Analysis and research Department of Orthopedic and Trauma Surgery Dundee University Dundee DD1 9SY UK supported in part by the grants from the biotechnology and biological sciences research council the Leverhulme Trust and the Natural Environment Research Council U.K.

Modern human has different body proportion from early hominids and great *** with others,in general,modern human adults have relatively long lower limb and heavier body *** the lower limbs provide support to the whole body and play an important role in walking,it is proposed that the ratio of the lower limb to the whole body for modern human could be beneficial to bipedal *** study tried to estimate the muscle parameters of the lower limb in walking for the subjects with various body *** a simplified musculoskeletal model,some muscle parameters of the lower limb,*** force,stress,work and power,were estimated for modern human adult,child,AL 288-1(the fossil specimens of Australopithecus afarensis,3.18 million years old)and *** results show that with the body proportion modern human adult spends less muscle work and power in walking than other *** results imply that using the cost of transport(*** muscle work of the lower limb per unit of displacement)as the criteria,the early hominids,if their body proportions were structurally similar to AL 288-1,could evolve towards what modern human adult looks like,in order to save energy during bipedal walking.

关键词：人类进化原始人类猿直立行走下肢肌肉工作参数压力

Camouflaging attenuated Salmonella by cryo-shocked macrophages for tumor-targeted therapy

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Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy 2024年第2期9卷 709-723页

作者： Leyang Wu Zengzheng Du Lin Li Liyuan Qiao Shuhui Zhang Xingpeng Yin Xiaoyao Chang Chenyang Li Zichun Hua The State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical biotechnology and Department of Neurology of Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital School of Life Sciences and The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical SchoolNanjing UniversityNanjing 21008 JiangsuChina Nanjing Generecom biotechnology Co. LtdNanjing 210023China Changzhou High-Tech research Institute of Nanjing University and Jiangsu TargetPharma Laboratories Inc Changzhou 213164 JiangsuChina School of Biopharmacy China Pharmaceutical UniversityNanjing 210023 JiangsuChina

Live bacteria-mediated antitumor therapies mark a pivotal point in cancer ***,the difficulty in reconciling the safety and efficacy of bacterial therapies has limited their *** bacterial tumor-targeted delivery while maintaining biosafety is a critical hurdle for the clinical translation of live microbial therapy for ***,we developed“dead”yet“functional”Salmonella-loaded macrophages using liquid nitrogen cold shock of an attenuated Salmonella typhimurium VNP20009-contained macrophage cell *** obtained“dead”macrophages achieve an average loading of approximately 257 live bacteria per 100 *** engineered cells maintain an intact cellular structure but lose their original pathogenicity,while intracellular bacteria retain their original biological activity and are delay freed,followed by ***“Trojan horse”-like bacterial camouflage strategy avoids bacterial immunogenicity-induced neutrophil recruitment and activation in peripheral blood,reduces the clearance of bacteria by neutrophils and enhances bacterial tumor enrichment efficiently after systemic ***,this strategy also strongly activated the tumor microenvironment,including increasing antitumor effector cells(including M1-like macrophages and CD8+Teffs)and decreasing protumor effector cells(including M2-like macrophages and CD4+Tregs),and ultimately improved antitumor efficacy in a subcutaneous H22 tumor-bearing mouse *** cryo-shocked macrophage-mediated bacterial delivery strategy holds promise for expanding the therapeutic applications of living bacteria for cancer.

关键词： shock holds maintain

A rare inter-haplotypic recombination at the S-locus contributed to the loss of self-incompatibility in trifoliate orange

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Plant Communications 2024年第9期5卷 16-20页

作者： Jianbing Hu Furong Guo Zezhen Du Peng Chen Chunmei Shi Jinzhi Zhang Junli Ye Xiuxin Deng Robert M.Larkin Wenbiao Jiao Zongcheng Lin Maurice Bosch Lijun Chai National Key Laboratory for Germplasm Innovation and Utilization of Horticultural Crops College of Horticulture and Forestry SciencesHuazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhan 430070P.R.China Hubei Hongshan Laboratory Wuhan 430070P.R.China Horticultural Institute Hunan Academy of Agricultural SciencesChangsha 410125P.R.China Institute of biological Environmental and Rural Sciences(IBERS)Aberystwyth UniversityAberystwyth SY233FLUK

Dear Editor,In trans-specific S-haplotypes,crossover recombination at the S-locus,which controls self-incompatibility,has been thought to be highly ***,we discovered a previously unreported super S haplotype,derived from a rare inter-haplotypic recombination event,that contained two complete suites of functional S-RNase and SLF genes and could break the SI response in trifoliate orange through“self-recognition”within the same pollen.

关键词： orange crossover trifolia

Central functions of the orexinergic system

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Neuroscience Bulletin 2013年第3期29卷 355-365页

作者： Xiao-Yang Zhang Lei Yu Qian-Xing Zhuang Jing-Ning Zhu Jian-Jun Wang Department of biological Science and Technology and State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical biotechnology School of Life Sciences Nanjing University

The neuropeptide orexin is synthesized by neurons exclusively located in the hypothalamus. However, these neurons send axons over virtually the entire brain and spinal cord and therefore constitute a unique central orexinergic system. It is well known that central orexin plays a crucial role in the regulation of various basic non-somatic and somatic physiological functions, including feeding, energy homeostasis, the sleep/wake cycle, reward, addiction, and neuroendocrine, as well as motor control. Moreover, the absence of orexin results in narcolepsy-cataplexy, a simultaneous somatic and non-somatic dysfunction. In this review, we summarize these central functions of the orexinergic system and associated diseases, and suggest that this system may hold a key position in somatic-non-somatic integration.

关键词： orexin sleep/wake cycle motor control narcolepsy-cataplexy integration of somatic-non-somaticresponses

Overexpression of tonoplast Ca^(2+)-ATPase in guard cells synergistically enhances stomatal opening and drought tolerance

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Journal of Integrative Plant Biology 2024年第8期66卷 1587-1602页

作者： Jinghan Su Bingqing He Peiyuan Li Baiyang Yu Qiwen Cen Lingfeng Xia Yi Jing Feibo Wu Rucha Karnik Dawei Xue Michael R.Blatt Yizhou Wang Institute of Crop Science Zhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310058China Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biophysics University of GlasgowGlasgow G128QQUK BGI research Sanya 572025China College of Life and Environmental sciences Hangzhou Normal UniversityHangzhou 311121China Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Crop Germplasm Zhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310058China

Stomata play a crucial role in plants by controlling water status and responding to drought ***,simultaneously improving stomatal opening and drought tolerance has proven to be a significant *** address this issue,we employed the OnGuard quantitative model,which accurately represents the mechanics and coordination of ion transporters in guard *** the guidance of OnGuard,we successfully engineered plants that overexpressed the main tonoplast Ca^(2+)-ATPase gene,ACA11,which promotes stomatal opening and enhances plant ***,these transgenic plants also exhibited improved drought tolerance due to reduced water loss through their ***,OnGuard assisted us in understanding the mechanism behind the unexpected stomatal behaviors observed in the ACA11 overexpressing *** study revealed that the overexpression of ACA11 facilitated the accumulation of Ca^(2+)in the vacuole,thereby influencing Ca^(2+)storage and leading to an enhanced Ca^(2+)elevation in response to abscisic *** regulatory cascade finely tunes stomatal responses,ultimately leading to enhanced drought *** findings underscore the importance of tonoplast Ca^(2+)-ATPase in manipulating stomatal behavior and improving drought ***,these results highlight the diverse functions of tonoplast-localized ACA11 in response to different conditions,emphasizing its potential for future applications in plant enhancement.

关键词： ACA11 drought guard cells modeling stomata

Orexin Directly Enhances the Excitability of Globus Pallidus Internus Neurons in Rat by Co-activating OX1 and OX2 Receptors

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Neuroscience Bulletin 2017年第4期33卷 365-372页

作者： He-Ren Gao Qian-Xing Zhuang Yong-Xiao Zhang Zhang-Peng Chen Bin Li Xiao-Yang Zhang Yi-Ting Zhong Jian-Jun Wang Jing-Ning Zhu State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical biotechnology and Department of biological Science and Technology School ofLife SciencesNanjing UniversityNanjing 210023China

Orexin, released from the hypothalamus, has been implicated in various basic non-somatic functions including feeding, the sleep-wakefulness cycle, emotion,and cognition. However, the role of orexin in somatic motor control is still little known. Here, using whole-cell patch clamp recording and immunostaining, we investigated the effect and the underlying receptor mechanism of orexin-A on neurons in the globus pallidus internus（GPi）,a critical structure in the basal ganglia and an effective target for deep brain stimulation therapy. Our results showed that orexin-A induced direct postsynaptic excitation of GPi neurons in a concentration-dependent *** orexin-A-induced excitation was mediated via co-activation of both OX1 and OX2 receptors. Furthermore, the immunostaining results showed that OX1 and OX2 receptors were co-localized in the same GPi neurons. These results suggest that the central orexinergic system actively modulates the motor functions of the basal ganglia via direct innervation on GPi neurons and presumably participates in somatic-non-somatic integration.

关键词： Orexin OX1 receptor OX2 receptor Globus pallidus internus Basal ganglia

Identification and Analysis of Genes Present in Leptospira interrogans serovar lai but Absent in L. biflexa serovar monvalerio

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Acta Biochimica et Biophysica Sinica 2004年第12期36卷 832-839页

作者： Ping HE, Xiang-Yan ZHANG, Xiao-Kui GUO*, Bao-Yu HU, Xiao-Tian HUANG, Yang YANG, and Guo-Ping ZHAO1,2* Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, Shanghai Second Medical University, Shanghai 200025, China 1 research Center of biotechnology, Institutes for biological sciences, Chinese Academy of sciences, Shanghai 200031, China 2Chinese National Human Genome Center at Shanghai, Zhangjiang High Tech Park, Shanghai 201203, China Department of Microbiology and Parasitology Shanghai Second Medical UniversityShanghai 200025 China research Center of biotechnology Institutes for Biological Sciences Chinese Academy of SciencesShanghai 200031 China Chinese National Human Genome Center at ShanghaiZhangjiang High Tech Park Shanghai 201203 China

Genes present in virulent bacterial strains but absent in avirulent close relatives can be of great biologic and clinical interest. This project aimed to identify strain specific DNA sequences of Leptospira interrogans serovar lai, which is absent in the saprophytic L. biflexa serovar monvalerio, via suppression subtractive hybridization with the former as the tester while the latter as the driver. The mixture of PCR amplified DNA fragments from two subtractive hybridization experiments were cloned into pMD18-T vector and the positive clones were identified by dot blotting against the chromosome DNA of the two strains individually. After DNA sequencing and analysis, the distribution of these genomic fragment sequences in a panel of pathogenic and nonpathogenic leptospires was investigated employing dot blot analysis. Among the 188 positive clones randomly chosen, 24 contained the tester strain specific genomic regions, of which, 5 were non-coding fragments while the others contained 23 distinct protein coding sequences. Besides 9 genes encoding functional proteins, 12 genes encode unknown proteins and the rest two genes encode proteins with recognizable domain structures, one for a putative leucine-rich repeats (LRR) family protein while the other as an outer-membrane protein. Our experiment results indicated that suppression subtractive hybridiza- tion is effective for screening specific DNA sequences between two leptospiral strains, and some of these sequences might be responsible for virulence determination. Further analysis of these DNA sequences will provide important information on the pathogenesis of Leptospira.

关键词： Leptospira interrogans serovar lai suppression subtractive hybridization (SSH) specific genes

Three-dimensional reconstruction and comparison of vacuolar membranes in response to viral infection

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Journal of Integrative Plant Biology 2021年第2期63卷 353-364页

作者： Xueting Wang Juncai Ma Xuejiao Jin Ning Yue Peng Gao Keith Ka Ki Mai Xian-Bing Wang Dawei Li Byung-Ho Kang Yongliang Zhang State Key Laboratory of Agro-biotechnology and Ministry of Agriculture Key Laboratory of Soil Microbiology College of Biological SciencesChina Agricultural UniversityBeijing 100193China State Key Laboratory of Agro-biotechnology School of Life SciencesThe Chinese University of Hong KongHong Kong 999077China

The vacuole is a unique plant organelle that plays an important role in maintaining cellular homeostasis under various environmental stress conditions. However, the effects of biotic stress on vacuole structure has not been examined using three-dimensional(3D) visualization. Here, we performed 3D electron tomography to compare the ultrastructural changes in the vacuole during infection with different viruses. The 3D models revealed that vacuoles are remodeled in cells infected with cucumber mosaic virus(CMV) or tobacco necrosis virus A Chinese isolate(TNV-AC), resulting in the formation of spherules at the periphery of the vacuole. These spherules contain neck-like channels that connect their interior with the cytosol. Confocal microscopy of CMV replication proteins 1 a and 2 a and TNV-AC auxiliary replication protein p23 showed that all of these proteins localize to the *** microscopy revealed that the expression of these replication proteins alone is sufficient to induce spherule formation on the tonoplast, suggesting that these proteins play prominent roles in inducing vacuolar membrane remodeling. This is the first report of the 3D structures of viral replication factories built on the tonoplasts. These findings contribute to our understanding of vacuole biogenesis under normal conditions and during assembly of plant(+) RNA virus replication complexes.

关键词： comparison cucumber mosaic virus electron tomography spherules tobacco necrosis virus A vacuole viral replication

Biofabrication of nanocomposite-based scaffolds containing human bone extracellularmatrix for the differentiation of skeletal stem and progenitor cells

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Bio-Design and Manufacturing 2024年第2期7卷 121-136页

作者： Yang-Hee Kim Janos M.Kanczler Stuart Lanham Andrew Rawlings Marta Roldo Gianluca Tozzi Jonathan I.Dawson Gianluca Cidonio Richard O.C.Oreffo Faculty of Medicine Bone and Joint Research GroupCentre for Human DevelopmentStem Cells and RegenerationInstitute of Developmental SciencesUniversity of SouthamptonSouthampton SO166YDUK School of Pharmacy and Biomedical Science University of PortsmouthPortsmouth PO12DTUK School of Engineering Faculty of Engineering and ScienceUniversity of GreenwichGreenwich ME44TBUK Center for Life Nano-and Neuro-Science(CLN2S) Italian Institute of Technology00161 RomeItaly

Autograft or metal implants are routinely used in skeletal ***,they fail to provide long-term clinical resolution,necessitating a functional biomimetic tissue engineering *** use of native human bone tissue for synthesizing a biomimeticmaterial inkfor three-dimensional(3D)bioprintingof skeletal tissueis anattractivestrategyfor ***,human bone extracellular matrix(bone-ECM)offers an exciting potential for the development of an appropriate microenvironment for human bone marrow stromal cells(HBMSCs)to proliferate and differentiate along the osteogenic *** this study,we engineered a novel material ink(LAB)by blending human bone-ECM(B)with nanoclay(L,Laponite®)and alginate(A)polymers using extrusion-based *** inclusion of the nanoﬁller and polymeric material increased the rheology,printability,and drug retention properties and,critically,the preservation of HBMSCs viability upon *** composite of human bone-ECM-based 3D constructs containing vascular endothelial growth factor(VEGF)enhanced vascularization after implantation in an ex vivo chick chorioallantoic membrane(CAM)*** inclusion of bone morphogenetic protein-2(BMP-2)with the HBMSCs further enhanced vascularization and mineralization after only seven *** study demonstrates the synergistic combination of nanoclay with biomimetic materials(alginate and bone-ECM)to support the formation of osteogenic tissue both in vitro and ex vivo and offers a promising novel 3D bioprinting approach to personalized skeletal tissue repair.

关键词： Extracellular matrix Nanoclay Bone 3D bioprinting

Antifungal activity of plant extracts with potential to control plant pathogens in pineapple

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Biomedicine 2016年第1期6卷 26-31页

作者： Maria Diana Cerqueira Sales Helber Barcellos Costa Patrícia Machado Bueno Fernandes José Aires Ventura Debora Dummer Meira Center for biotechnology Federal University of Espírito Santo-UFES Campus Maruípe Vitória Laboratory of research Development and Innovation in Natural Products and Biotechnology-College of Santa Casa de Misericórdia de Vitória Capixaba Institute of research Technical Assistance and Rural Extension-Incaper Department of biological sciences Federal University of Espírito Santo-UFES Campus Maruípe

Objective:To evaluate the in vitro antifungal activity of extracts,resins,oils and mother tinctures from plants against the filamentous fungi Fusarium guttiforme(***)and Chalara paradoxa,and to evaluate the control of the pineapple fusariosis in situ using mother ***:The screening of the antifungal potential of 131 extract forms from 63 plant species was performed in vitro by using plate-hole *** control pineapple fusariosis in situ,preventive and post-infection treatments were performed on detached pineapple leaves of ***(susceptible).Results:The quantitative study indicated that among the 49 mother tincture samples analyzed,46% were effective against *** and 29% for the Chalara *** natural plant extracts,mother tincture of Glycyrrhiza glabra(MTGG1),mother tincture of Myroxylon balsamum(MTBT2),mother tincture of Aloe vera(MTAV3),mother tincture of Allium sativum(MTAS4),resin of Protium heptaphyllum(RESAM5) and crude extracts of Rhizophora mangle(CEMV6),exhibited an antifungal activity against *** the preventive treatment against pineapple fusariosis,MTAV3,MTAS4 and MTGG1 were statistically similar to the treatment with tebuconazol *** curative treatments with MTAV3,MTAS4,MTGG1 and MTBT2 presented similar activity to fungicide(P < 0.05).Conclusions:The findings of the present study concluded that mother tinctures can effectively control *** mother tincture extract of Myroxylon balsamum showed antifungal activity and was used here for the first time for inhibition of phytopathogenic *** study paves the way for the development of bioactive natural products with phytosanitary applications,with the added benefits of an environmentally safe and economically viable product.

关键词： Ananas comosus var.comosus Bioassay Fungi Natural plant products Mother tincture