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Dry matter production and panicle characteristics of high yield and good taste indica hybrid rice varieties

Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2023年第5期22卷 1338-1350页

作者： LI Min ZHU Da-wei JIANG Ming-jin LUO De-qiang JIANG Xue-hai JI Guang-mei LI Li-jiang ZHOU Wei-jia Rice Research Institute Guizhou Academy of Agricultural SciencesGuiyang 550006P.R.China Rice Product Quality supervision and Inspection center Ministry of Agriculture and Rural AffairsChina National Rice Research InstituteHangzhou 310006P.R.China

Indica hybrid rice(Oryza sativa) production aims to achieve two crucial targets: high yield and good taste. This study selected three types of indica hybrid rice according to grain yield and taste value, including high yield and good taste(HYGT), low yield and good taste(LYGT), and high yield and poor taste(HYPT), to analyze yield components,corresponding growth characteristics, and rice taste quality. When values were averaged across varieties and years,there were almost no differences in taste value between HYGT and LYGT;HYGT showed a significant increase in yield,owing to a higher number of panicles and spikelets per panicle, with a respective increment of 16.2 and 20.6%. The higher grain yield of HYGT compared with LYGT was attributed to three key factors: a higher leaf area index(LAI) during heading, a higher ratio of grain to leaf, and a higher biomass accumulation at maturity. HYGT and HYPT achieved similar high yields;however, HYGT had more panicle numbers and lower grain weight. In addition, HYGT showed a significantly higher taste value than HYPT, attributed to its significantly lower protein and amylose contents, with reductions of 8.8and 15.7%, respectively. Lower protein and amylose contents might be caused by a proper matter translocation from vegetative organs to panicle. This study suggested that reasonable panicle characteristics and translocation efficiency from vegetative organs to panicle during heading to maturity are the key factors in balancing yield and rice taste *** results will provide valuable insights for rice breeders to improve the grain yield and quality of indica hybrid rice.

关键词： indica hybrid rice grain yield taste quality growth characteristics

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Numerical analysis of the influence of a river on tunnelling-induced ground deformation in soft soil

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Journal of Zhejiang University-Science A(Applied Physics & Engineering) 2022年第7期23卷 564-578页

作者： Jia-xin LIANG Xiao-wu TANG Tian-qi WANG Yu-hang YE Ying-jing LIU Research center of Coastal and urban Geotechnical Engineering Department of Civil EngineeringZhejiang UniversityHangzhou310058China Engineering Research center of urban Underground Space Development of Zhejiang Province Hangzhou310058China Zhongtian Construction Group Co. Ltd.Hangzhou310020China

When tunnels are constructed in coastal cities,they will inevitably undercross a *** the influence of rivers on tunnelling-induced deformation in costal soft soil is of great significance for controlling excessive settlement and protecting surrounding *** paper presents a case study of twin tunnels undercrossing a river in soft soil in hangzhou,*** soft soil of hangzhou refers to cohesive soil in a soft plastic or fluid plastic state with high natural water content,high compressibility,low bearing capacity,and low shear *** the influence of the river,the research region was divided into two parts,inside and outside the river-affected area,based on monitoring data of the Zizhi *** development law of surface settlement is divided into three *** the first and second stages,the surface settlement within and outside the river-affected area showed a similar trend:the settlement increased and the growth rate of settlement in the second stage was smaller within the river-affected *** the third stage,the surface settlement continued to increase within the river-affected area,while it converged outside the river-affected *** the river-affected area,there was an asynchronization of the sinking rate and stability of vault settlements and surface settlements.A numerical model was established by simulating different reinforcements of the *** numerical model revealed that the ground movement is influenced by the distribution and amount of the excess pore water *** excess pore pressure was concentrated mostly in the range of 1.0H_(t)-3.0H_(t)(H_(t) is the tunnel height)before the tunnel face,especially within the river-affected *** the river-affected area,the dissipation of excess pore water pressure needs more time,leading to slow stabilization of surface *** undercrossing a river,a cofferdam is necessary to reduce excessive ground deformation by dispersing the distribution o

关键词： Tunnelling Ground deformation Numerical analysis Reinforcement

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A Benzodithiophene-Based Fluorescence Probe for Rapid Detection of Fluoride Ion

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Chinese Journal of Chemistry 2016年第8期34卷 809-813页

作者： Wenbin Tan Taohua Leng Guoqiao Lai Zhifang Li JiefeiWu Yongjia Shen Chengyun Wang Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials and Institute of Fine Chemicals East China University of Science and Technology Shanghai 200237 China National Food Quality supervision and Inspection center (Shanghai)/Shanghai Institute of Quality Inspection and Technical Research Shanghai 200233 China Key Laboratory of Organosilicon Chemistry and Material Technology of Ministry of Education Hangzhou Nor- mal University Hangzhou Zhejiang 310012 China

A novel and simple fluorescence probe was synthesized from benzo[1,2‐ b :4,5‐ b ′]dithiophene (BDT) and trimethylsilylethyne via Sonogashira reaction, and showed highly selective and sensitive fluorescence decreasing response towards F − . The probe molecule turned to a weakly fluorescent terminal alkyne moiety because its trimethylsilyl (TMS) group was cleaved by fluoride, which was proved by 1 H NMR titration. Whereas no distinct fluorescent changes were observed with the addition of other anions, such as Cl − , Br − , I − , AcO − and H 2 PO 4 − . Upon the addition of F − , the maximum fluorescence emission wavelength shifted from 460 nm to 450 nm with a decrease of fluorescence intensity by 40% within 20 s. Moreover, the detection limit towards F − was calculated to be as low as 73.5 nmol/L.

关键词： fluorescent probe benzodithiophene fluoride anion trimethylsilylethynyl group

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Effects of Planting Methods on Levels of Common Pesticides and Heavy Metals in Dendrobium officinale

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Journal of Northeast Agricultural University(English Edition) 2017年第2期24卷 7-13页

作者： Zheng Xiao-long Zhou Jing-qing Hu Xian-qiao Zhu Zhi-wei Zhang Lin-ping Rice Product Quality supervision and Inspection center Ministry of Agriculture Hangzhou 310006 China National Rice Research Institute Hangzhou 310006 China Zhejiang Environmental Monitoring Engineering Co. Ltd. Hangzhou 310006 China

The levels of common pesticides and heavy metals in Dendrobium officinale grown from 2012 to 2014 were measured, and three planting methods were used in 2014. The quality of plant husbandry improved during the study period. Thirteen types of pesticides were detected in D. officinale grown in 2014 and antimicrobials, including carbendazim, difenoconazole and azoxystrobin, were evident in 61.53% of plants. These three pesticides constituted 72.33% of all the antimicrobials detected. Planting methods affected the levels of pesticides and heavy metals. Trellising in plastic sheds was optimal, being associated with the lowest amounts of both pesticides and heavy metals. Both cadmium（Cd） and lead（Pb） levels were high in treed plants, whereas Cr, As and Cu levels were the highest in potted plants.

关键词： Dendrobium officinale planting pattern pesticide and heavy metal

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Investigation of iodine concentration in salt,water and soil along the coast of Zhejiang,China

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Journal of Zhejiang University-Science B(Biomedicine & Biotechnology) 2005年第12期6卷 1200-1205页

作者：陆颖理王宁荐朱岚王国兴吴晖匡琳朱文明 Department of Endocrinology Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital School of Medicine Zhejiang University Hangzhou 310016 China Disease Control center Hangzhou 310006China

Objective: We aim to describe the environment iodine concentration in salt, water and soil along Zhejiang Province coast in the China foreland. It will be helpful for us to judge whether this area is insufficient in iodine and universal iodized salt is necessary or not. Methods: We collected iodized salt samples, drinking water samples (tap water in the towns, and well water or spring water in the villages), water samples from different sources (ditches, lakes, rivers) and soil samples through random sampling in June, 2005. Salt, water and soil iodine was detected by arsenic-cerium redox method. Statistical analysis was expressed as mean±SEMby Windows SPSS 13.0. Results: (1) The iodine concentration in salt was 27.9±4.33 mg/kg (n=108). (2) Seventy-five water samples were collected. The water iodine value was 0.6～84.8 μg/L (mean of 11.66 μg/L). The watershed along the Qiantang River has significantly higher iodine content than the water in Lin'an in mountain area (P＜0.01). The iodine content and mean iodine content of tap water, well or spring water and natural water sources were 4.30±2.43 μg/L (n=34), 23.59±27.74 μg/L (n=19)and 12.72±10.72 μg/L (n=22) respectively. This indicated that among environmental water sources, the ditch iodine content was the highest with river water iodine being the lowest (P＜0.01). (3) Soil iodine value was 0.11～2.93 mg/kg (mean of 1.32 mg/kg).Though there was no statistical difference of soil iodine in different districts (P=0.131), soil iodine content correlated positively with water iodine content. Conclusion: Iodine concentration in salt accords with national policy of adding iodine in salt. Foreland has more iodine in water than mountain area. The data reflected that water and soil iodine in foreland area was not high, which suggests universal iodized salt should be necessary. Environment iodine has relatively close association with pollution.

关键词： Iodine Salt Water Soil Coast

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Research progress on international rivers in Asia

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Journal of Geographical Sciences 2006年第3期16卷 271-276页

作者： FENG Yan HE Daming Asian International rivers center Yunnan University Kunming 650091 China

With the regional population growth, socioeconomic development, more and more attention has been paid to issues on the shared water allocation and the transboundary eco-security conservation during the development of water resources in the international rivers. In this paper, the existing major problems on transboundary waters in different sub-regions of Asia, such as water shortage, transboundary waters pollution, fragile eco-environment are discussed. Then, the key scientific issues to be concerned in the next study progress on the basis of the analyses of the new research directions and focus fields are raised：（1） unpredicted changes of the hydrologic and water system, and their impacts on the allocation of the sharing waters by global changes; （2） models of the international cooperation on the international rivers on the studies of international and national water laws or regulations, policies, the relative experiences and the case studies; （3） quantificational assessment on environmental flow, available water, and the comprehensive functions and values of the international watercourse system; （4） studies on transboundary aquatic bio-diversity maintenance, transboundary pollution supervision and treatment under the rules and principles accepted by the riparian states; （5） issues on transboundary compensation at the rules of ＂payments for using＂, ＂payments for harm＂ and ＂compensation for benefit＂; （6） using advanced 3S techniques to promote the integrated watershed development and management; and so on.

关键词： research progress international rivers Asia

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Validation of an operational forecasting system of sea dike risk in the southern Zhejiang Province, South China

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Journal of Oceanology and Limnology 2019年第6期37卷 1929-1940页

作者： LI Tao WANG Fangdong HOU Jingming CHE Zhumei DONG Jianxi National Marine Environmental Forecasting center Beijing 100081China Key Laboratory of Research on Marine Hazards Forecasting of State Oceanic Administration Beijing 100081China Beijing Space Flight Control center Beijing 100094China Marine Monitoring and Forecasting center of Zhejiang Province Hangzhou 310007China

In this study,an operational forecasting system of sea dike risk in the southern Zhejiang Province,South China was developed based on a coupled storm-surge and wave *** forecasting system is important because of the high cost of storm-surge damage and the need for rapid emergency planning.A comparison with astronomical tides in 2016 and the validation of storm surges and high water marks of 20 typhoons verified that the forecast system has a good simulation *** system can forecast relatively realistic water levels and wave heights as shown under the parametric atmospheric forces simulated in a case study;the sea dikes in credible high risk were mainly located in the estuaries,rivers,and around the islands in the southern ***,the forecast system is applicable in the southern Zhejiang with a support to the effective prevention from typhoon storm-surge damage.

关键词： storm surge sea dike operational forecast southern Zhejiang Province risk calculation

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Rapid Determination of Silicon Content in Rice

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Rice science 2005年第2期12卷 145-147页

作者： DAI Wei-min ZHANG Ke-qin DUAN Bin-wu SUN Cheng-xiao ZHENG Kang-le CAI Run ZHUANG Jie-yun Chinese National center for Rice Improvement and State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology China National Rice Research InstituteHangzhou 310006 Plant Science Department Shanghai Jiaotong University Shanghai 201101 China Rice Product Quality Inspection and Supervision Center Chinese Ministry of Agriculture China National Rice Research Institute Hangzhou 310006 China

A method for rapid determination of silicon content in rice was introduced. The reliability of this method was verified by using a recombinant inbred line （RIL） population of rice cross Zhenshan 97B / Milyang 46. Two hundred and forty-nine RILs were transplanted in two replications. Simple correlation coefficients on the silicon content in the hull, flag leaf and stern in rice between duplicate samples of 498 rice materials were 0.97954, 0.97026 and 0.98848, respectively. Ten representative samples were selected for measurement using the high-temperature alkaline fusion method. Simple correlation coefficient between the silicon contents determined by the high-temperature alkaline fusion method and by the present method is 0.9993.

关键词： rice silicon content determination method

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Mechanisms and assessment of water eutrophication

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Journal of Zhejiang University-Science B(Biomedicine & Biotechnology) 2008年第3期9卷 197-209页

作者： Xiao-e YANGt Xiang WU Hu-lin HAO Zhen-li HE MOE Key Laboratory of Polluted Environment Remediation and Ecological Health Zhejiang University Hangzhou 310029 China Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Subtropic Soil and Plant Nutrition Zhejiang University Hangzhou 310029 China Slnstitute of Food and Agricultural Sciences lndian River Research and Education Center University of Florida Fort Pierce FL 34945 USA

Water eutrophication has become a worldwide environmental problem in recent years,and understanding the mechanisms of water eutrophication will help for prevention and remediation of water *** this paper,recent advances in current status and major mechanisms of water eutrophication,assessment and evaluation criteria,and the influencing factors were *** eutrophication in lakes,reservoirs,estuaries and rivers is widespread all over the world and the severity is increasing,especially in the developing countries like *** assessment of water eutrophication has been advanced from simple individual parameters like total phosphorus,total nitrogen,etc.,to comprehensive indexes like total nutrient status *** major influencing factors on water eutrophication include nutrient enrichment,hydrodynamics,environmental factors such as temperature,salinity,carbon dioxide,element balance,etc.,and microbial and *** occurrence of water eutrophication is actually a complex function of all the possible influencing *** mechanisms of algal blooming are not fully understood and need to be further investigated.

关键词： Eutrophication mechanisms Influencing factors Nutrient enrichment Assessment criterion Water quality

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Tolerance and safety evaluation of sodium sulfate:A subchronic study in laying hens

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Animal Nutrition 2021年第2期7卷 576-586页

作者： Bing Liu Jiaming Zhu Qin Zhou Dongyou Yu College of Animal Sciences Zhejiang UniversityHangzhou310058China State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology and Synergetic Innovation Center of Food Safety and NutritionJiangnan UniversityWuxi214122China

Sodium sulfate(Na2SO4)is a readily available chlorine-free source of sodium,which could be used to reduce sodium chloride to maintain the ratio between chlorine and sodium in poultry *** supplementation with excessive levels of Na2SO4 might be detrimental to bird's health and per-formance.A subchronic study was carried out to investigate the potential adverse effects of an accidental oversupply of Na2SO4 in the diets of laying *** hundred and fifty 21-week-old Hy-Line White layers were randomly assigned to 5 treatments with 6 *** birds were fed diets supplemented with 0(control),0.3%,0.6%,1.5%,and 3.0%Na2SO4 for 8 *** perfor-mance,egg quality parameters,clinical blood parameters,histopathology,intestinal barrier func-tions,and intestinal microflora composition were *** clinical signs of intoxication or mortality were observed during the experimental *** results of this study showed that the optimal levels of Na2SO4(0.3%to 0.6%)significantly improved the laying rates,average daily egg mass,and eggshell quality of hens compared to the control(P<0.05).However,3.0%Na2SO4 produced negative effects on laying performance,eggshell quality,blood biochemistry,and partic-ularly on liver and kidney pathology,and intestinal morphology and barrier functions compared with the *** minor changes were observed in clinical blood parameters of hens receiving 1.5%Na2SO4,these were not considered to be of toxicological significance due to the absence of any organ pathological changes in *** conclusion,our results indicated that a Na2SO4 concentration of 1.5%was non-deleterious to laying hens after a daily administration for 56 d,namely that dietary supplementation of up to 5 times the maximum recommended dose is safely tolerated by laying hens.

关键词： Sodium sulfate Tolerance Histopathology Intestinal function Laying hen

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