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宝石和宝石学杂志（中英文） 2024年第2期26卷 48-55页

作者： Ting Fang Jifu Liu Mingxing Yang Gemmological Institute China University of GeosciencesWuhan 430074China Hubei Key Research Base of Humanities and Social Sciences--Center for Jewelry heritage and Innovation Wuhan 430074China

Jade ware Jue is one of the most fashionable ornament in ancient China from the Neolithic Age to the Han *** this study,the remnants of jade ware Jue,from Lijiashan ancient tomb group have been tested and analyzed *** samples through a light etch surface showing glass luster and those with a severe etch surface showing earthen *** the aid of X-ray fluorescence Spectrometer(X-ray Fluorescence)test and X-ray diffraction(XRD)detection,the results show that tremolite is not the main mineral of the *** main components of the tested samples with light erosion are antigorite and talc,although the main components of the samples with severe erosion are calcite containing calcium carbonate ***,the research on jade ware Jue in Yunnan culture has not only contributed to our further understanding of the jade objects from Yunnan culture and the variety of jade material located in the Yunnan *** also provides a basis for the trace of the history and culture through the distribution and evolution of burial hierarchy *** the same time,the microscopic observation of the tested samples manifested a residual trace of“string”at the perforation,which has played a critical role in restoring the wearing of jade ware Jue from the tombs of the ancient Yunnan State and the handicraft skills at that time.

关键词： Dian culture jade Jue corroded ancient jade XRD erosion mechanism Yunnan,China

Preliminary results of lithological and palynological study of Svobodny, ancient man's parking relic in Amur region, Russia

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Global Geology 2024年

作者： Kovalenko S.V. Kezina T.V. Kryuchko E.I. Mironov M.A. Amur State University Center for the Preservation of Historical and Cultural heritage of the Amur Region

Asingle-layermonumentSvobodny,ancientman’sparkinglot-1,discoveredin2021aspart of archaeological work to study the zone of economic development of the Amur region was investigated lithologically and palynologically. Based on the results of geomorphological analysis of the territory, the study of artifacts, palynological data, as well as analogy with previously identified and sufficiently studied relics in the region, the existence of the Osinoozersk late Neolithic culture in this territory is assumed. The time of its expansion in the Amur region is determined within the framework of the second half of the IV millennium BC to the first half of the II millennium BC. The preliminary results of palynological analysis suggest the existence of a temperate climate here, was close to the modern one, which does not contradict the reconstructed paleoclimate and environments of the region during the Holocene period.

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Preliminary results of lithological and palynological study of Svobodny,ancient man’s parking relic in Amur region,Russia

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Global Geology 2024年第3期27卷 121-131页

作者： Kovalenko S.V. Kezina T.V. Kryuchko E.I. Mironov M.A. Center for the Preservation of Historical and Cultural heritage of the Amur Region Blagoveshchensk 675000Russia Amur State University Blagoveshchensk 675027Russia

A single-layer monument Svobodny,ancient man's parking lot-1,discovered in 2021 as part of archaeological work to study the zone of economic development of the Amur region was investigated lithologically and *** on the results of geomorphological analysis of the territory,the study of artifacts,palynological data,as well as analogy with previously identified and sufficiently studied relics in the region,the existence of the Osinoozersk late Neolithic culture in this territory is *** time of its expansion in the Amur region is determined within the framework of the second half of the IV millennium BC to the first half of the II millennium *** preliminary results of palynological analysis suggest the existence of a temperate climate here,was close to the modern one,which does not contradict the reconstructed paleoclimate and environments of the region during the Holocene period.

关键词： Osinoozersk culture palynological spectra Zeya River paleoclimate

Origin of celiac disease:How old are predisposing haplotypes?

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2012年第37期18卷 5300-5304页

作者： Giovanni Gasbarrini Olga Rickards Cristina Martínez-Labarga Elsa Pacciani Filiberto Chilleri Lucrezia Laterza Giuseppe Marangi Franco Scaldaferri Antonio Gasbarrini Ricerca in Medicina Foundation NGO Falcone and Borsellino Gallery Center of Molecular Anthropology for Ancient DNA Studies Department of BiologyUniversity of Rome Tor Vergata superintendence for the archaeological heritage of tuscany Division of Gastroenterology Department Internal MedicineCatholic University of Sacred Heart Institute of Genetics Catholic University of Sacred Heart

We recently presented the case of a first century AD young woman, found in the archaeological site of Cosa, showing clinical signs of malnutrition, such as short height, osteoporosis, dental enamel hypoplasia and cribra orbitalia, indirect sign of anemia, all strongly suggestive for celiac disease (CD). However, whether these findings were actually associated to CD was not shown based on genetic parameters. To investigate her human leukocyte antigen (HLA) class Ⅱ polymorphism, we extracted DNA from a bone sample and a tooth and genotyped HLA using three HLA-tagging single nucleotide polymorphisms for DQ8, DQ2.2 and DQ2.5, specifically associated to CD. She displayed HLA DQ 2.5, the haplotype associated to the highest risk of CD. This isthe first report showing the presence of a HLA haplotype compatible for CD in archaeological specimens.

关键词：单倍型 HLA基因分型起源疾病腹腔人白细胞抗原考古遗址骨骼标本

The δ15N values of foxtail millet （Setaria italica） and common millet （Panicum miliaceum） are reliable indicators of manuring practices

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Science China Earth Sciences 2024年第9期67卷 2910-2923页

作者： Jishuai YANG Xiaoyan YANG Ting YOU Fahu CHEN Key Scientific Research Base of Bioarchaeology in Cold and Arid Regions (National Cultural heritage Administration) Key Laboratory of Western China's Environmental Systems (Ministry of Education)College of Earth and Environmental SciencesLanzhou University Group of Alpine Paleoecology and Human Adaptation (ALPHA) State Key Laboratory of Tibetan Plateau Earth SystemResources and Environment (TPESRE)Institute of Tibetan Plateau ResearchChinese Academy of Sciences State Key Laboratory of Herbage Improvement and Grassland Agro-ecosystems College of Pastoral Agriculture Science and TechnologyLanzhou University

Millet agriculture, which originated in northern China, alongside rice agriculture, have nurtured the Chinese civilization. Prehistoric manuring practices likely promoted and maintained sustainable millet agricultural production in the loess area of northern China. However, ongoing controversy exists regarding the indicators of prehistoric manuring intensity of foxtail millet（Setaria italica） and common millet（Panicum miliaceum）. Here, we present the results of pot and field fertilization experiments on two millet types. Our findings suggest that manuring can significantly increase the δ15N values of foxtail millet,and its δ15N values increase with increasing manuring levels. The δ15N values of foxtail millet leaves are systematically greater than those of grains by approximately 1.6‰. Manuring could have a long-term residual impact on increasing the δ15N values of soil and millet crops. Combined with previous crop fertilization experiment results, we propose that the impact of manuring on the δ15N values of non-nitrogen-fixing crops is roughly consistent. The δ15N value and amount of manure are key factors determining the extent of change in plant δ15N values. The millet grain δ15N values can serve as reliable indicators of manuring practices. Finally, we provide an interpretive framework for assessing the correlation between manuring levels and the δ15N values of archaeological millet remains. The δ15N values of ancient millet grains suggest widespread and intensive manuring practices in prehistoric millet agriculture in northern China, spanning from the early Yangshao period to the Longshan period.

关键词： Millet farming Manuring experiment Farming system Archaeobotany North China

The δN values of foxtail millet（Setaria italica） and common millet（Panicum miliaceum） are reliable indicators of manuring practices

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Science China Earth Sciences 2024年

作者： Jishuai YANG Xiaoyan YANG Ting YOU Fahu CHEN Key Scientific Research Base of Bioarchaeology in Cold and Arid Regions (National Cultural heritage Administration) Key Laboratory of Western China's Environmental Systems (Ministry of Education) College of Earth and Environmental Sciences Lanzhou University Group of Alpine Paleoecology and Human Adaptation (ALPHA) State Key Laboratory of Tibetan Plateau Earth System Resources and Environment (TPESRE) Institute of Tibetan Plateau Research Chinese Academy of Sciences State Key Laboratory of Herbage Improvement and Grassland Agro-ecosystems College of Pastoral Agriculture Science and TechnologyLanzhou University

Millet agriculture, which originated in northern China, alongside rice agriculture, have nurtured the Chinese civilization. Prehistoric manuring practices likely promoted and maintained sustainable millet agricultural production in the loess area of northern China. However, ongoing controversy exists regarding the indicators of prehistoric manuring intensity of foxtail millet(Setaria italica) and common millet(Panicum miliaceum). Here, we present the results of pot and field fertilization experiments on two millet types. Our findings suggest that manuring can significantly increase the δ15N values of foxtail millet,and its δ15N values increase with increasing manuring levels. The δ15N values of foxtail millet leaves are systematically greater than those of grains by approximately 1.6‰. Manuring could have a long-term residual impact on increasing the δ15N values of soil and millet crops. Combined with previous crop fertilization experiment results, we propose that the impact of manuring on the δ15N values of non-nitrogen-fixing crops is roughly consistent. The δ15N value and amount of manure are key factors determining the extent of change in plant δ15N values. The millet grain δ15N values can serve as reliable indicators of manuring practices. Finally, we provide an interpretive framework for assessing the correlation between manuring levels and the δ15N values of archaeological millet remains. The δ15N values of ancient millet grains suggest widespread and intensive manuring practices in prehistoric millet agriculture in northern China, spanning from the early Yangshao period to the Longshan period.

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Restoring ancient civilizations with “Herit-Materials”:Technological advances in its studies

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Science China(Technological Sciences) 2023年第7期66卷 1952-1974页

作者： MA Xiao LI WeiDong HAN Jing HUANG Xiao LUO HongJie Institute for the Conservation of Cultural heritage School of Cultural Heritage and Information ManagementShanghai UniversityShanghai 200444China School of Materials Science and Engineering Shanghai UniversityShanghai 200444China Shanghai Institute of Ceramics Chinese Academy of SciencesShanghai 200050China

Cultural relics are man-made objects left from ancient times,with historical,artistic,and scientific ***-interdisciplinary research of cultural relics would enable people to obtain a variety of information associated with them,from which the restoration of ancient civilization was *** to natural weathering,many cultural relics are in a fragile state,and conservation treatments that can prolong their lifetime are important,which may involve the use of conservation *** this paper,we define the new term “Herit-Materials” as two types of materials,including ancient cultural relics themselves and novel functional materials for conservation *** the first type of Herit-Materials-cultural relics themselves,as one type of ancient materials,the concept of the relationship between the structure,composition,performance,and technology of them was *** research paradigm for ancient cultural relics is also *** such a paradigm,the way how analysis and research were performed on ancient cultural relics are illustrated in detail with examples of ancient ceramics and textile ***,as the second type of Herit-Materials,three categories of conservation materials,such as emergent conservation materials on archaeological sites,consolidation materials,and cleaning materials were reviewed in detail,including basic concepts,criteria for choosing appropriate materials for conservation purposes,evaluation of the conservation effects after application,along with the application methods of those conservation ***,as Herit-Materials’ studies have attracted more and more researchers and have also created new inter-disciplinary research fields,the following research directions are recommended for scholars who have an interest,including the development of the advanced and comprehensive analytical technique of Herit-Materials,non-destructive and in-situ characterization & testing of Herit-Materials,the database of comp

关键词： cultural relics conservation materials Herit-Materials ancient civilization menthol ancient ceramics

Analysis of plant remains at the Neolithic Yangjia Site, Wuxi City, Jiangsu Province (East China)

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Science China Earth Sciences 2016年第9期59卷 1803-1816页

作者： QIU ZhenWei LIU BaoShan LI YiQuan SHANG Xue JIANG HongEn Department of Archaeology and Anthropology University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 China Research Center of Field Archaeology National Museum of China Beijing 100006 China Wuxi Institute of Cultural heritage Conservation and archaeological Research Wuxi 214001 China

According to archaeological investigation and preliminary excavation, the Yangjia Site, located in the northern Taihu Lake region, at Wuxi City, Jiangsu Province, is a Neolithic archaeological site dominated by cultural remains attributed to the late Majiabang Culture(6270–5920 cal. a BP). Here a systematic archaeobotanical study was conducted to investigate vegetation landscape, environmental characteristics and rice agriculture in the prehistoric northern Taihu Lake area. The abundance, frequency and standard density of charred rice were the highest of all of the remains of the seed plants unearthed. In addition, a variety of wetland weeds, such as Haloragaceae, Cyperaceae, Carex sp., and Oxalis corniculata, were found. Pollen and phytoliths recorded that the evergreen-deciduous broadleaf mixed forest(represented by Quercus and Castanopsis) tends to decrease, while Poaceae was the most significant of the terrestrial herbs, water area expanded and water activities strengthened, indicating generally warm and humid conditions at the Yangjia Site during the late Majiabang Culture. All indicators of pollen, phytolith and macro-plant remains suggest that wild rice should be once distributed at or around the site before human occupation, after which rice agriculture progressed rapidly during the late Majiabang Culture.

关键词：新石器时代考古遗址种子植物无锡市江苏省常绿落叶阔叶混交林文化遗存中国

The Insurance Market of Natural Hazards for Residential Properties in Italy

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Open Journal of Earthquake Research 2016年第1期5卷 35-61页

作者： Fabrizio Terenzio Gizzi Maria Rosaria Potenza Cinzia Zotta Institute for archaeological and Monumental heritage (IBAM) National Research Council (CNR) Potenza Italy

Insurance is an effective complementary countermeasure for unexpected losses brought about by natural hazards. Coverage can be a useful tool considering in particular that public funds available to compensate for damages are limited and the consequences of catastrophes are becoming more severe over the time. Bearing this in mind, the authors performed a study aiming to clear up the main aspects and limits of the insurance market of natural hazards for residential properties in Italy. The opening sections of the paper give an overview of both the historical extreme events in Europe and Italy, and the reasons for the low insurance penetration rate in Italy. After that, the paper goes to the core of the research casting light upon the insurance market in Italy and examining the features and possible drawbacks of the available insurance covers. In this paper, the geophysical (seismic and volcanic) and hydrological (landslide and flood) hazards are analysed, and the residential stock is taken as a reference. After deepening in the local insurance market, the research focuses on the possible suggestions to stakeholders of how to increase the insurance penetration rate by taking advantage of the international experiences.

关键词： Natural Hazards Damages Risk Perception Risk Management European Insurance Schemes

Reconsideration of the origins of the pastoral nomadic economy in the Eurasian Steppe

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Science China Earth Sciences 2022年第11期65卷 2057-2067页

作者： Jianxin WANG Chen DENG Xiang WAN Central for Silk Road Archaeology Northwest UniversityXi'an 710127China School of Culural heritage Northwest UniversityXi'an710127China Institute of Silk Road Studies Northwest UniversityXi'an 710069China

archaeological discoveries indicate that a variety of economic models have operated in the inland areas of *** of these models,pastoral nomadism,differs from agriculture,agro-pastoral,and settled pastoralism in terms of cattle-breeding,cultivation and *** nomadism is a livestock-breeding management mode of production,in which the stock is fed by uninterrupted moving in a large geographical *** Eurasian Steppe,which includes the cold forest-steppe area in the north and the semi-arid desert-steppe in the south,is the major region in which the ancient nomadic population *** of the absence of both intrinsic motivation and external pressure for the transition to pastoral nomadism,early animal husbandry economy in the forest-steppe area could not have developed into the initial pastoral nomadic economy;instead,the pastoral nomadic economy emerged from the agro-pastoral economy in the semi-arid *** agro-pastoral people were forced to minimize the scale of agriculture and sedentary pastoralism and to turn to a nomadic lifestyle,with the internal cause being a shortage of feed resources caused by expansion of the human population and livestock,with the added external pressure of climatic and environmental *** archaeological findings,the eastern Tianshan area in Xinjiang,China,was a major region for the emergence of the early pastoral nomadic *** main evidence for this conclusion is a series of pastoral nomadic settlement sites in the northern and southern piedmonts of the Tianshan Mountains,which display settlement conditions,resources and environments entirely different from those of agricultural and agro-pastoral settlements elsewhere.

关键词： Eurasian Steppe Origins of pastoral nomadic economy Semi-arid desert-steppe Eastern Tianshan Mountains Nomadic settlements