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Tailoring alloy-reaction-induced semi-coherent interface to guide sodium nucleation and growth for long-term anode-less sodium-metal batteries

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Science China Materials 2024年第11期67卷 3648-3657页

作者： Pei Ma Yaoyang Zhang Wenbin Li Jun Luo Longfei Wen Guochuan Tang Jingjing Gai Qingbao Wang Lingfei Zhao Junmin Ge Weihua Chen College of Chemistry Zhengzhou UniversityZhengzhou 450001China 2 Institute for Superconducting&Electronic MaterialsUniversity o f Wollongong Innovation CampusSquires WayNorth WollongongNSW 2500Australia State Key Laboratory of Structural Analysis Optimization and CAE Software for Industrial EquipmentZhengzhou UniversityZhengzhou 450002China

Sodium metal batteries are emerging as promising energy storage technologies owing to their high-energy density and rich ***,the challenge of achieving continuous operation at high areal capacity hinders the application of this ***,a robust two-dimensional tin/sodium‒tin alloy interface was introduced onto an Al substrate as an anode via an industrial electroplating *** the widely accepted in situ formation of Na15Sn4 alloys,the formation of Na_(9)Sn_(4)alloys results in a semi-coherent interface with sodium due to low lattice mismatch(20.84%),which alleviates the lattice stress of sodium deposition and induces subsequent dense sodium deposition under high areal *** addition,the strong interaction of Sn with anions allows more PF6−to preferentially participate in the interfacial solvation structure,thereby facilitating the formation of a thin(10 nm)NaF-rich solid electrolyte ***,the substrate can withstand a high areal capacity of 5 mA h cm^(-2),exhibiting a high average Coulombic efficiency of 99.7%.The full battery exhibits long-term cycling performance(600 cycles)with a low decay rate of 0.0018%per cycle at 60 mA g^(-1).

关键词： sodium-metal batteries semi-coherent interface solid-electrolyte interface areal capacity cycle life

Convective amplification of stimulated Raman rescattering in a picosecond laser plasma interaction regime

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Matter and Radiation at Extremes 2021年第1期6卷 54-63页

作者： Yu Ji Chang-Wang Lian Rui Yan Chuang Ren Dong Yang Zhen-Hua Wan Bin Zhao Chen Wang Zhi-Heng Fang Jian Zheng Department of Modern Mechanics University of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei 230026China Department of Plasma Physics and Fusion Engineering University of Science and Technology of ChinaHefeiAnhui 230026China Laser Fusion Research Center China Academy of Engineering PhysicsSichuanMianyang 621900China Collaborative Innovation Center of IFSA(CICIFSA) Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200240China Department of Mechanical Engineering and Department of Physics and Astronomy University of RochesterRochesterNew York 14627USA Department of Mathematics and Physics NanJing Institute of TechnologyNanjingJiangSu 211167China Shanghai institute of Laser Plasma China Academy of Engineering PhysicsShanghai 201800China CAS Center for Excellence in Ultra-intense Laser Science Shanghai 201800China

We present particle-in-cell(PIC)simulations of laser plasma instabilities(LPIs)with a laser pulse duration of a few *** simulation parameters are appropriate to the planar-target LPI experimental conditions on *** this regime,the plasmas are characterized by a long electron density scale length and a large electron density *** is found that when the incident laser intensity is well above its backward stimulated Raman scattering(backward SRS,BSRS)threshold,the backscattered light via the primary BSRS is intense enough to excite secondary SRS(Re-SRS)in the region below one-ninth of the critical density of the incident *** daughter light wave via the secondary BSRS(Re-BSRS)is amplified as it propagates toward the higher-density region in the bath of broadband light generated through the primary BSRS process.A higher intensity of the incident laser not only increases the amplitude of the BSRS light but also increases the convective amplification lengths of the Re-BSRS modes by broadening the spectrum of the BSRS *** amplification of Re-BSRS causes pump depletion of the primary BSRS light and may lead to an underestimate of the primary BSRS level in SP-LPI *** fraction of the generation of energetic electrons is strongly correlated with the Re-BSRS modes and should be considered as a significant energy loss.

关键词： scattering laser pump

An in-situ spectroscopy investigation of alkali metal interaction mechanism with the imide functional group

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Nano Research 2020年第12期13卷 3224-3229页

作者： Xu Lian Zhirui Ma Zhonghan Zhang Jinlin Yang Shuo Sun Chengding Gu Yuan Liu Honghe Ding Jun Hu Xu Cao Junfa Zhu Shuzhou Li Wei Chen Department of Chemistry National University of SingaporeSingapore117543Singapore Centre for Advanced 2D Materials National University of SingaporeSingapore117546Singapore School of Materials Science and Engineering Nanyang Technological UniversitySingapore639798Singapore National University of Singapore(Suzhou)Research institute Suzhou215123China Joint School of National University of Singapore and Tianjin University International Campus of Tianjin UniversityFuzhou350207China National Synchrotron Radiation Laboratory Department of Chemical PhysicsUniversity of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei230029China Department of Physics National University of SingaporeSingapore117542Singapore

Organic anode materials have attracted considerable interest owing to their high tunability by adopting various active functional ***,the interaction mechanisms between the alkali metals and the active functional groups in host materials have been rarely studied ***,a widely used organic semiconductor of perylene-3,4,9,10-tetracarboxylic diimide(PTCDI)was selected as a model system to investigate how alkali metals interact with imide functional groups and induce changes in chemical and electronic structures of *** interaction at the alkali/PTCDI interface was probed by in-situ X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy(XPS),ultraviolet photoelectron spectroscopy(UPS),synchrotron-based near edge X-ray absorption fine structure(NEXAFS),and corroborated by density functional theory(DFT)*** results indicate that the alkali metal replaces the hydrogen atoms in the imide group and interact with the imide nitrogen of *** transfer induced gap states and downward band-bending like effects are identified on the alkali-deposited PTCDI *** was found that Na shows a stronger electron transfer effect than *** a model study of alkali insertion/intercalation in PTCDI gives insights for the exploration of the potential host materials for alkali storage applications.

关键词： perylene-3,4,9,10-tetracarboxylic diimide(PTCDI) lithium storage organic anode imide electron transfer

Cutting edge preparation of microdrills by shear thickening polishing for improved hole quality in electronic PCBs

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Frontiers of Mechanical Engineering 2024年第2期19卷 99-107页

作者： Jiahuan WANG Mingfeng KE Jiepei LIAO Yu ZHOU Saurav GOEL Jaya VERMA Xu WANG Weigang GUO Julong YUAN Binghai LYU College of Mechanical Engineering Zhejiang University of TechnologyHangzhou 310000China Ultra-precision Machining Center Key Laboratory of Special Purpose Equipment and Advanced Manufacturing TechnologyZhejiang University of TechnologyHangzhou 310000China School of Engineering London South Bank UniversityLondon SE10AAUK Shenzhen Jinzhou Precision Technology Corporation Shenzhen 518116China Department of Mechanical Engineering University of Petroleum and Energy StudiesDehradun 248007India Special Equipment institute Hangzhou Vocational&Technical CollegeHangzhou 310018China

Printed circuit boards(PCBs)are representative composite materials,and their high-quality drilling machining remains a persistent challenge in the *** finishing of the cutting edge of a microdrill is crucial to drill performance in machining fine-quality holes with a prolonged tool *** miniature size involving submicron scale geometric dimensions,a complex flute shape,and low fracture toughness makes the cutting edge of microdrills susceptible to breakage and has been the primary limiting factor in edge preparation for *** this study,a newly developed cutting edge preparation method for microdrills was tested experimentally on electronic printed circuit *** proposed method,namely,shear thickening polishing,limited the cutting edge burrs and chipping on the cutting edge,and this in turn transformed the cutting edge’s radius from being sharp to ***,the edge–edge radius could be regulated by adjusting the processing *** drilling experiments were conducted to investigate the influence of different cutting edge radii on wear,hole position accuracy,nail head value,and hole wall *** proposed approach showed 20%enhancement in hole position accuracy,33%reduction in the nail head value,and 19%reduction in hole wall roughness compared with the original ***,a threshold is needed;without it,excessive shear thickening polishing will result in a blunt edge,which may accelerate the wear of the *** was identified as the primary factor that reduced hole *** study indicates that in printed circuit board machining,microdrills should effectively eliminate grinding defects and maintain the sharpness of the cutting edge as much as possible to obtain excellent drilling ***,shear thickening polishing is a promising method for cutting edge preparation of *** research and optimization can lead to additional improvements in microdrill performance and contribute to the conti

关键词： microdrill shear thickening polishing cutting edge preparation electronic printed circuit boards hole quality

Changes in the epigenome and transcriptome of rice in response to Magnaporthe oryzae infection

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The Crop Journal 2021年第4期9卷 843-853页

作者： Na Cui Xiaofeng Chen Yan Shi Meirong Chi Jiantuan Hu Kunlong Lai Zonghua Wang Haifeng Wang State Key Laboratory of Ecological Pest Control for Fujian and Taiwan Crops College of Plant ProtectionFujian Agriculture and Forestry UniversityFuzhou 350002FujianChina Marine and Agricultural Biotechnology Laboratory Institute of OceanographyMinjiang UniversityFuzhou 350108FujianChina Fujian Province Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Fungi and Mycotoxins Fujian Agriculture and Forestry UniversityFuzhou 350002FujianChina State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources Guangxi Key Lab of Sugarcane BiologyCollege of AgricultureGuangxi UniversityNanning 530004GuangxiChina

DNA methylation participates in regulating the expression of coding and non-coding regions in plants. To investigate the association between DNA methylation and pathogen infection, we used whole-genome bisulfite sequencing to survey temporal DNA methylation changes in rice after infection with the rice blast fungus Magnaporthe oryzae. In contrast to previous findings in Arabidopsis, global DNA methylation levels in rice increased slightly after rice blast infection. We identified over 38,000 differentially methylated regions(DMRs), and hypermethylated DMRs far outnumbered hypomethylated DMRs. Most DMRs were located in transposable element regions. Using transcriptome analysis, we identified 8830 differentially expressed genes(DEGs) after 1, 3, and 5 days of infection. Over one-third of DEGs, most of which were CHH-type DMRs, were associated with DMRs. Functional analysis of the CHH DMR-DEGs indicated their involvement in many important biological processes, including cell communication and response to external stimulus. The transcription of many NBS-LRR family genes was affected by changes in DNA methylation, suggesting that DNA methylation plays essential roles in the response of rice to M. oryzae infection. More broadly, the DNA methylation analysis presented here sheds light on epigenomic involvement in plant defense against fungal pathogens.

关键词： DNA methylation Epigenome Magnaporthe oryzae Rice Transcriptome

Multiple unpinned Dirac points in group-Va single-layers with phosphorene structure

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npj Computational Materials 2016年第1期2卷 142-148页

作者： Yunhao Lu Di Zhou Guoqing Chang Shan Guan Weiguang Chen Yinzhu Jiang Jianzhong Jiang Xue-sen Wang Shengyuan A Yang Yuan Ping Feng Yoshiyuki Kawazoe Hsin Lin School of Materials Science and Engineering Zhejiang UniversityHangzhouChina State Key Laboratory of Silicon Materials Zhejiang UniversityHangzhouChina Centre for Advanced 2D Materials and Graphene Research Centre National University of SingaporeSingaporeSingapore Department of Physics National University of SingaporeSingaporeSingapore Research Laboratory for Quantum Materials Singapore University of Technology and DesignSingaporeSingapore College of Physics and Electronic Engineering Zhengzhou Normal UniversityZhengzhouChina New Industry Creation Hatchery Center Tohuku UniversitySendaiJapan institute of Thermophysics Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of SciencesNovosibirskRussia

Emergent Dirac fermion states underlie many intriguing properties of graphene,and the search for them constitutes one strong motivation to explore two-dimensional(2D)allotropes of other ***,the ultrathin layers of black phosphorous,has been a subject of intense investigations recently,and it was found that other group-Va elements could also form 2D layers with similar puckered lattice ***,by a close examination of their electronic band structure evolution,we discover two types of Dirac fermion states emerging in the low-energy *** pair of(type-I)Dirac points is sitting on high-symmetry lines,while two pairs of(type-II)Dirac points are located at generic k-points,with different anisotropic dispersions determined by the reduced symmetries at their *** fully-unpinned(type-II)2D Dirac points are discovered for the first *** the absence of spin-orbit coupling(SOC),we find that each Dirac node is protected by the sublattice symmetry from gap opening,which is in turn ensured by any one of three point group *** SOC generally gaps the Dirac nodes,and for the type-I case,this drives the system into a quantum spin Hall insulator *** suggest possible ways to realise the unpinned Dirac points in strained phosphorene.

关键词： structure spectrum Dirac

Single copper sites dispersed on hierarchically porous carbon for improving oxygen reduction reaction towards zinc-air battery

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Nano Research 2021年第4期14卷 998-1003页

作者： Wenjie Wu Yan Liu Dong Liu Wenxing Chen Zhaoyi Song Ximin Wang Yamin Zheng Ning Lu Chunxia Wang Junjie Mao Yadong Li State Key Laboratory of Heavy Oil Processing College of New Energy and MaterialsChina University of PetroleumBeijing 102249China Key Laboratory of Functional Molecular Solids Ministry of EducationAnhui Province Key Laboratory of Optoelectric Materials Science and Technology and Anhui Laboratory of Molecule-Based MaterialsAnhui Normal UniversityWuhu 241002China State key Lab of Organic-Inorganic Composites Beijing University of Chemical TechnologyBeijing 100029China Beijing Key Laboratory of Construction Tailorable Advanced Functional Materials and Green Applications School of Materials Science and EngineeringBeijing Institute of TechnologyBeijing 100081China Department of Chemistry Tsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China

The demand for high-performance non-precious-metal electrocatalysts to replace the noble metal-based catalysts for oxygen reduction reaction(ORR)is intensively ***,single-atomic copper sites supported on N-doped three-dimensional hierarchically porous carbon catalyst(Cu_(1)/NC)was prepared by coordination pyrolysis ***,the Cu_(1)/NC-900 catalyst not only exhibits excellent ORR performance with a half-wave potential of 0.894 V(***)in alkaline media,outperforming those of commercial Pt/C(0.851 V)and Cu nanoparticles anchored on N-doped porous carbon(CuNPs/NC-900),but also demonstrates high stability and methanol ***,the Cu_(1)/NC-900 based Zn-air battery exhibits higher power density,rechargeability and cyclic stability than the one based on Pt/*** experimental and theoretical investigations demonstrated that the excellent performance of the as-obtained Cu_(1)/NC-900 could be attributed to the synergistic effect between copper coordinated by three N atoms active sites and the neighbouring carbon defect,resulting in elevated Cu d-band centers of Cu atoms and facilitating intermediate desorption for ORR *** study may lead towards the development of highly efficient non-noble metal catalysts for applications in electrochemical energy conversion.

关键词： single atomic sites catalysts nitrogen-doped carbon materials oxygen reduction reaction carbon defect non-noble metal

A sharp-interface immersed smoothed point interpolation method with improved mass conservation for fluid-structure interaction problems

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Journal of Hydrodynamics 2020年第2期32卷 267-285页

作者： Bo-qian Yan Shuangqiang Wang Gui-yong Zhang Chen Jiang Qi-hang Xiao Zhe Sun State Key Laboratory of Structural Analysis for Industrial Equipment School of Naval ArchitectureDalian University of TechnologyDalian116023China Department of Fisheries and Oceans Bedford Institute of OceanographyDartmouthCanada Collaborative Innovation Center for Advanced Ship and Deep-Sea Exploration Shanghai200240China Key Laboratory of Traffic Safety on Track of Ministry of Education School of Traffic and Transportation EngineeringCentral South UniversityChangsha410076China Joint International Research Laboratory of Key Technology for Rail Traffic Safety Central South UniversityChangsha410076China National and Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Safety Technology for Rail Vehicle Central South UniversityChangsha410076China

To solve the problem of inaccurate boundary identification and to eliminate the spurious pressure oscillation in the previously developed immersed smoothed point interpolation method(IS-PIM),a new sharp-interface IS-PIM combining mass conservation algorithm,called Sharp-ISPIM-Mass,is proposed in this *** on the so called sharp-interface method,the technique of quadratic local velocity reconstruction has been developed by combining with the mass conservation algorithm,which enables the present method improve the accuracy of the velocity field and satisfy the mass conservation condition near the boundary *** the proposed method would not encounter the problem of spurious mass *** addition,a new form of FSI force evaluation considering pressure and viscous force to perform a whole function from the fluid domain to fictitious fluid domain is introduced,which makes the present method obtain more accurate results of FSI force than the original *** the numerical studies of a number of benchmark examples,the performance of the Sharp-ISPIM-Mass has been examined and illustrated.

关键词： Sharp-interface technique immersed type method mass conservation algorithm fluid-structure interaction(FSI)

Controlled Vertical Transfer of Individual Au Atoms Using a Surface Supported Carbon Radical for Atomically Precise Manufacturing

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Precision Chemistry 2023年第2期1卷 119-126页

作者： Pallavi Bothra Adam Z.Stieg James K.Gimzewski Philippe Sautet Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering Department University of CaliforniaLos AngelesLos AngelesCalifornia 90095United States California NanoSystems institute University of CaliforniaLos AngelesLos AngelesCalifornia 90095United States Chemistry and Biochemistry Department University of CaliforniaLos AngelesLos AngelesCalifornia 90095United States Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering Department and Chemistry and Biochemistry Department University of CaliforniaLos AngelesLos AngelesCalifornia 90095United States

To explore a proof-of-concept for atomically precise manufacturing(APM)using scanning probe microscopy(SPM),first principle theoretical calculations of atom-by-atom transfer from the apex of an SPM tip to an individual radical on a surfacebound organic molecule have been *** transfer is achieved by spatially controlled motion of a gold terminated tip to the *** molecular tools for SPM-based APM have been designed and investigated,each comprising an adamantane core,a radical end group,and trithiol linkers to enable strong chemisorption on the Au(111)surface:ethynyl-adamantanetrithiol and *** demonstrate the details of controlled Au atom abstraction during tip approach toward and retraction from the radical *** approach of the tip,the apical Au atom undergoes a transfer toward the carbon radical at a clearly defined threshold *** atomic displacement is accompanied by a net energy gain of the system in the range−0.5 to−1.5 eV,depending on the radical *** the case of a triangular pyramidal apex model,two tip configurations are possible after the tip atom displacement:(1)an Au atom is abstracted from the tip and bound to the C radical,not bound to the tip base anymore,and(2)apical tip atoms rearrange to form a continuous neck between the tip and *** the second case,subsequent tip retraction leads to the same final configuration as the first,with the abstracted Au atom bound to radical carbon atom of the molecular *** the less reactive adamantyl-trithiol radical molecular tool,Au atom transfer is less energetically favored,but this has the advantage of avoiding other apex gold atoms from rearrangement.

关键词： atomically precise manufacturing scanning probe microscopy density functional theory atom vertical transfer molecular radical