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CO_(2),N_(2),and CO_(2)/N_(2)mixed gas injection for enhanced shale gas recovery and CO_(2)geological storage

Frontiers in Energy 2023年第3期17卷 428-445页

作者： Jianfa WU Haoran HU Cheng CHANG Deliang ZHANG Jian ZHANG Shengxian ZHAO Bo WANG Qiushi ZHANG Yiming CHEN Fanhua ZENG Shale gas research Institute Petro-China Southwest Oil and Gas-field CompanyChengdu 610051China Faculty of Engineering and Applied Science University of ReginaSK S4S 0A2Canada Department of Petroleum and Natural gas Engineering Liaoning Petrochemical UniversityFushun 113001China

In this work,using fractured shale cores,isothermal adsorption experiments and core flooding tests were conducted to investigate the performance of injecting different gases to enhance shale gas recovery and CO_(2)geological storage efficiency under real reservoir *** adsorption process of shale to different gases was in agreement with the extended-Langmuir model,and the adsorption capacity of CO_(2)was the largest,followed by CH_(4),and that of N_(2)was the smallest of the three pure *** addition,when the CO_(2)concentration in the mixed gas exceeded 50%,the adsorption capacity of the mixed gas was greater than that of CH4,and had a strong competitive adsorption *** the core flooding tests,pure gas injection showed that the breakthrough time of CO_(2)was longer than that of N_(2),and the CH_(4)recovery factor at the breakthrough time(Rch,)was also higher than that of N_(2).The RcH of CO_(2)gas injection was approximately 44.09%,while the RcH,of N_(2)was only 31.63%.For CO_(2)/N_(2)mixed gas injection,with the increase of CO_(2)concentration,the RcH,increased,and the RcH,for mixed gas CO_(2)/N_(2)=8:2 was close to that of pure CO_(2),about 40.24%.Moreover,the breakthrough time of N_(2)in mixed gas was not much different from that when pure N_(2)was injected,while the breakthrough time of CO_(2)was prolonged,which indicated that with the increase of N_(2)concentration in the mixed gas,the breakthrough time of CO_(2)could be ***,an abnormal surge of N_(2)concentration in the produced gas was observed after N_(2)*** regards to CO_(2)storage efficiency(S_(Storage-CO_(2)),as the CO_(2)concentration increased,S storage-co_(2)also *** S storage-co_(2),of the pure CO_(2)gas injection was about 35.96%,while for mixed gas CO_(2)/N_(2)=8:2,S sorage-co,was about 32.28%.

关键词： shale gas gas injection competitive adsorption enhanced shale gas recovery CO_(2)geological storage

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Controlling Factors on Organic Matter Accumulation of Marine Shale across the Ordovician–Silurian Transition in South China: Constraints from Trace-Element Geochemistry

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Journal of Earth Science 2021年第4期32卷 887-900页

作者： Zhen Qiu Huifei Tao Bin Lu Zhenhong Chen Songtao Wu Hanlin Liu Junli Qiu research Institute of Petroleum Exploration and Development CNPCBeijing 100083China National Energy Shale gas research and Development(Experiment)center Langfang 065007China Oil and gas research center Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and ResourcesChinese Academy of SciencesLanzhou 730000China Key Laboratory of Oil and gas Reservoirs CNPCBeijing 100083China National Energy Tight Oil and gas R&D center Beijing 100083China Institute of Oil and gas Peking UniversityBeijing 100871China

In recent years,significant progress in shale gas exploration has been achieved in the Upper Ordovician(Wufeng Formation)–Lower Silurian(Longmaxi Formation)shales in the Upper Yangtze area,South *** many studies have been carried out on the Upper Ordovician–Lower Silurian shales,the controlling factors causing organic matter accumulation of these shales remain *** study uses trace-element geochemistry and sedimentological methods to evaluate terrigenous input,redox conditions and primary productivity to explore the mechanisms of organic matter *** variation of terrigenous fraction elements(Al,Th and Sc)concentrations reflect a mixed influence of sea-level change and *** sea-level of the Upper Yangtze Sea went through two cycles of transgression to regression during the Ordovician–Silurian *** Linxiang Formation,Kuanyinchiao Bed and the upper part of Longmaxi Formation developed during the periods of regression,whereas the Wufeng Formation and the lower part of the Longmaxi Formation developed during the periods of *** paleo-productivity indexes of TOC content,ratios of Ba/Al and P/Al,and redox conditions proxies of Mo concentration,ratios of U/Th and V/Cr generally display similar variation patterns with respect to the sea-level *** TOC contents and Ba/Al and P/Al ratios indicate the paleo-productivity was high on the sea surface,as shown by relatively good positive correlations between Th ***,and Sc *** indicates that the paleo-productivity was controlled by the nutrients input through *** good positive correlations between redox conditions indexes(U/Th and V/Cr ratios)with TOC content reflects reductive preservation conditions(anoxic to euxinic),thus implying they were an important controlling factor for organic matter ***,redox conditions were closely associated with sea level change and organic matter ***,the sea-lev

关键词： productivity redox sea-level change shale gas Sichuan Basin Wufeng-Longmaxi shale

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Passive activity enhances residual control ability in patients with complete spinal cord injury

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Neural Regeneration research 2025年第8期20卷 2337-2347页

作者： Yanqing Xiao Mingming Gao Zejia He Jia Zheng Hongming Bai Jia-Sheng Rao Guiyun Song Wei Song Xiaoguang Li Beijing Key Laboratory for Biomaterials and Neural Regeneration Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Biomedical EngineeringSchool of Biological Science and Medical EngineeringBeihang UniversityBeijingChina Department of Rehabilitation Evaluation China Rehabilitation Research CenterBeijingChina Cardiac center Beijing Children’s HospitalCapital Medical UniversityBeijingChina The State Key Laboratory of Virtual Reality Technology and Systems Beihang UniversityBeijingChina Department of Rehabilitation Engineering China Rehabilitation Science InstituteBeijingChina

Patients with complete spinal cord injury retain the potential for volitional muscle activity in muscles located below the spinal injury ***,because of prolonged inactivity,initial attempts to activate these muscles may not effectively engage any of the remaining neurons in the descending pathway.A previous study unexpectedly found that a brief clinical round of passive activity significantly increased volitional muscle activation,as measured by surface *** this study,we further explored the effect of passive activity on surface electromyographic signals during volitional control tasks among individuals with complete spinal cord *** patients with chronic complete thoracic spinal cord injury were *** electromyography data from eight major leg muscles were acquired and compared before and after the passive activity *** results indicated that the passive activity led to an increased number of activated volitional muscles and an increased frequency of *** the cumulative root mean square of surface electromyography amplitude for volitional control of movement showed a slight increase after passive activity,the difference was not statistically *** findings suggest that brief passive activity may enhance the ability to initiate volitional muscle activity during surface electromyography tasks and underscore the potential of passive activity for improving residual motor control among patients with motor complete spinal cord injury.

关键词： complete spinal cord injury cycle training epidural electrical stimulation motor training passive activity physiological state spinal cord circuit surface electromyography volitional control task

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Study of the numerical simulation of tight sandstone gas molecular diffusion based on digital core technology

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Petroleum Science 2018年第1期15卷 68-76页

作者： Hong-Lin Zhu Shou-Feng Wang Guo-Jun Yin Qiao Chen Feng-Lin Xu Wei Peng Yan-Hu Tan Kuo Zhang Chongqing Institute of Green and Intelligent Technology Chinese Academy of Sciences State Key Laboratory of Oil and gas Reservoir Geology and Exploitation Southwest Petroleum University Oil and gas Engineering research Institute Jilin Oilfield Company PetroChina Shu’nan gas Mine Southwest Oil and Gas Field Branch Company PetroChina Co. Ltd

Diffusion is an important mass transfer mode of tight sandstone gas. Since nano-pores are extensively developed in the interior of tight sandstone, a considerable body of research indicates that the type of diffusion is mainly molecular diffusion based on Fick＇s law. However, accurate modeling and understanding the physics of gas transport phenomena in nanoporous media is still a challenge for researchers and traditional investigation（analytical and experimental methods） have many limitations in studying the generic behavior. In this paper, we used Nano-CT to observe the pore structures of samples of the tight sandstone of western of Sichuan. Combined with advanced image processing technology, threedimensional distributions of the nanometer-sized pores were reconstructed and a tight sandstone digital core model was built, as well the pore structure parameters were analyzed quantitatively. Based on the digital core model, the diffusion process of methane molecules from a higher concentration area to a lower concentration area was simulated by a finite volume method. Finally, the reservoir＇s concentration evolution was visualized and the intrinsic molecular diffusivity tensor which reflects the diffusion capabilities of this rock was calculated. Through comparisons, we found that our calculated result was in good agreement with other empirical results. This study provides a new research method for tight sandstone digital rock physics. It is a foundation for future tight sandstone gas percolation theory and numerical simulation research.

关键词： Tight sandstone gas Nano-CT Digital core Molecular diffusion Numerical simulation

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Analysis of Influencing Factors on NO_x emission in gas-Fired Heating and Hot Water Combi-Boilers Based on Orthogonal Method

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Journal of Thermal Science 2021年第3期30卷 1088-1095页

作者： ZHOU Weiye LIU Wenbo WANG Yan LYU Xinyu YANG Lin Urban gas&Heat research Institute North China Municipal Engineering Design&Research Institute Co.LtdTianjin 300381China China Quality Supervising and Test center for gas Appliances Tianjin 300384China

In order to determine the sensitivity of influencing factors on NOx emission in gas-fired heating and hot water combi-boilers,the orthogonal method was adopted in this *** predominant factors affecting the formation of NOx and four levels were selected to be analyzed,including the diameter of flue restrictor,power of fan,ejection distance of nozzle,aperture of nozzle and relative humidity of *** test plan was designed by employing L16(45)orthogonal array,and 16 groups of experiments were *** test results were analyzed with range analysis and variance *** results indicated that the power of fan has the greatest influence on the formation of NOx of the gas-fired combi-boilers,followed by the diameter of flue restrictor and the relative humidity of air,while the ejection distance of nozzle and aperture of nozzle have little effect on the formation of *** addition,with the selected optimal combination of five factors,a minimum NOx volume fraction is obtained,which confirms the superiority of the orthogonal *** research finding has a certain guiding significance for the reduction of NOx formation of gas-fired heating and hot water combi-boiler.

关键词： gas-fired heating and hot water combi-boilers nitrogen oxides orthogonal method flue restrictor diameter fan power nozzle ejection distance nozzle aperture air relative humidity

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On the photoevaporation,dust polarization and kinematics of two nebulae in Sh2-236

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research in Astronomy and Astrophysics 2021年第4期21卷 157-167页

作者： Archana Soam SOFIA Science center Universities Space Research AssociationNASA Ames Research CenterM.S.N232-12Moffett FieldCA 94035USA

In the work presented here,the impact of magnetic field on the dynamical evolution of cometary globules Sim 129 and Sim 130 in the Sh2-236 HⅡregion and the ionized gas streaming out of their surfaces is *** magnetic field morphology in the region associated with these globules is inferred using optical polarization measurements with the Sampurnanand Telescope at *** nebular emission is probed through radio continuum mapping at 1.4 GHz with the archival National Radio Astronomy Observatory(NRAO)Very Large Array(VLA)Sky Survey(NVSS)*** correlation of these measurements suggests that photoevaporated gas from the surfaces of Sim 129 and Sim 130 accumulates in clouds and starts streaming along the magnetic field *** ^(12)CO(J=1-0)molecular line observations are performed towards NGC 1893 from the 14-m single dish radio telescope in Taeduk Radio Astronomy Observatory(TRAO).The velocity dispersion in the ^(12)CO(J=1-0)molecular line and the dispersion in polarization angles are considered in the Davis-Chandrasekhar-Fermi formulation to estimate the magnetic field strength towards two Sim *** average value of field strength is found to be~60μG with uncertainty of 0.5 times the estimated value.

关键词： ISM:general polarization:nebulae

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Analysis of mechanical strengths of extreme line casing joint considering geometric, material, and contact nonlinearities

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Petroleum Science 2024年第3期21卷 1992-2004页

作者： Ji-Yun Zhang Chi Peng Jian-Hong Fu Quan Cao Yu Su Jian-Yun Pang Zi-Qiang Yu Petroleum Engineering School Southwest Petroleum UniversityChengdu610500SichuanChina Engineering Technology research Institute of CNPC Southwest Oil and gas field Company Chengdu610017SichuanChina

To address the challenges associated with difficult casing running,limited annular space,and poor cementing quality in the completion of ultra-deep wells,the extreme line casing offers an effective solution over conventional ***,due to its smaller size,the joint strength of extreme line casing is reduced,which may cause failure when running in the *** address this issue,this study focuses on the CST-ZTΦ139.7 mm×7.72 mm extreme line casing and employs the elastic-plastic mechanics to establish a comprehensive analysis of the casing joint,taking into account the influence of geometric and material nonlinearities.A finite element model is developed to analyze the forces and deformations of the extreme line casing joint under axial tension and external collapse *** model investigates the stress distribution of each thread tooth subjected to various tensile forces and external ***,the tensile strength and crushing strength of the extreme line casing joint are determined through both analytical and experimental *** findings reveal that,under axial tensile load,the bearing surface of each thread tooth experiences uneven stress,with relatively high equivalent stress at the root of each thread *** end thread teeth are valuable spots for *** is observed that the critical fracture axial load of thread decreases linearly with the increase of thread tooth *** external pressure,the circumferential stress is highest at the small end of the external thread,leading to yield *** tensile strength of the joint obtained from the finite element model exhibits a relative error of less than 7%compared to the analytical and experimental values,proving the reliability of the finite element *** tensile strength of the joint is 3091.9 k ***,in terms of anti-collapse capability,the joints demonstrate higher resistance to collapse compared to the casing body,which is consistent with the test resul

关键词： Extreme line casing Elastic-plastic mechanics Finite element analysis Tensile strength Collapse strength

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The Citron homology domain of MAP4Ks improves outcomes of traumatic brain injury

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Neural Regeneration research 2025年第11期20卷 3233-3244页

作者： Xiaoling Zhong Wenjiao Tai Meng-Lu Liu Shuaipeng Ma Tianjin Shen Yuhua Zou Chun-Li Zhang Department of Molecular Biology University of Texas Southwestern Medical CenterDallasTXUSA Hamon center for Regenerative Science and Medicine University of Texas Southwestern Medical CenterDallasTXUSA Peter O’Donnell Jr.Brain Institute University of Texas Southwestern Medical CenterDallasTXUSA

The mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase kinase kinases(MAP4Ks)signaling pathway plays a pivotal role in axonal regrowth and neuronal degeneration following *** targeting this pathway is beneficial to brain injury remains *** this study,we showed that adeno-associated virus-delivery of the Citron homology domain of MAP4Ks effectively reduces traumatic brain injury-induced reactive gliosis,tauopathy,lesion size,and behavioral *** inhibition of MAP4Ks replicated the ameliorative effects observed with expression of the Citron homology ***,the Citron homology domain acted as a dominant-negative mutant,impeding MAP4K-mediated phosphorylation of the dishevelled proteins and thereby controlling the Wnt/β-catenin *** findings implicate a therapeutic potential of targeting MAP4Ks to alleviate the detrimental effects of traumatic brain injury.

关键词： adeno-associated virus Citron homology Citron homology domain gene therapy mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase kinase kinases traumatic brain injury

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Inhibitory gamma-aminobutyric acidergic neurons in the anterior cingulate cortex participate in the comorbidity of pain and emotion

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Neural Regeneration research 2025年第10期20卷 2838-2854页

作者： Lu Guan Mengting Qiu Na Li Zhengxiang Zhou Ru Ye Liyan Zhong Yashuang Xu Junhui Ren Yi Liang Xiaomei Shao Jianqiao Fang Junfan Fang Junying Du Department of Neurobiology and Acupuncture research Third School of Clinical MedicineZhejiang Chinese Medical UniversityHangzhouZhejiang ProvinceChina Key Laboratory for research of Acupuncture Treatment and Transformation of Emotional Diseases Third School of Clinical MedicineZhejiang Chinese Medical UniversityHangzhouZhejiang ProvinceChina Fuchun Community Health Service center of Fuyang District HangzhouZhejiang ProvinceChina

Pain is often comorbid with emotional disorders such as anxiety and *** of the anterior cingulate cortex has been implicated in pain and pain-related negative emotions that arise from impairments in inhibitory gamma-aminobutyric acid *** review primarily aims to outline the main circuitry(including the input and output connectivity)of the anterior cingulate cortex and classification and functions of different gamma-aminobutyric acidergic neurons;it also describes the neurotransmitters/neuromodulators affecting these neurons,their intercommunication with other neurons,and their importance in mental comorbidities associated with chronic pain *** understanding on their role in pain-related mental comorbidities may facilitate the development of more effective treatments for these ***,the mechanisms that regulate gamma-aminobutyric acidergic systems remain *** is also unclear as to whether the mechanisms are presynaptic or *** exploration of the complexities of this system may reveal new pathways for research and drug development.

关键词： anterior cingulate cortex anxiety chronic pain circuit communication comorbidity depression gamma-aminobutyric acidergic neurons parvalbumin neurons synaptic transmission

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Experimental Analysis on Influencing Factors of NO_(x)emission in gas-Fired Heating and Hot Water Combi-Boilers

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Journal of Thermal Science 2021年第4期30卷 1151-1159页

作者： ZHOU Weiye LIU Wenbo LONG Fei ZHANG Jianhai Urban gas&Heat research Institute North China Municipal Engineering Design&Research Institute Co.LtdTianjin 300384China China Quality Supervising and Test center for gas Appliances Tianjin 300384China

To study the influencing factors of NO_(x)emission in gas-fired heating and hot water combi-boilers,a boiler with the maximum heat input of 26.0 k W was selected,and influencing factors including flue restrictor diameter,fan power,nozzle aperture,nozzle ejection distance and air relative humidity on NO_(x)formation were *** NO_(x)test rig has been built and the concentration of NO_(x)at the rated heat input and the NO_(x)weight value(NO_(x))_(pond)with different heat input in the dry flue gas have been tested respectively according to the test methods in Chinese national standard GB *** results show that with the increase of the diameter of flue restrictor at exhaust outlet,the NO_(x)concentration at the rated heat input and the NO_(x)weight value(NO_(x))_(pond)with different heat input in the dry flue gas decreased by 26.9%and 5.9%;with the increase of the diameter of flue restrictor at air intake inlet,the NO_(x)and(NO_(x))_(pond)decreased by 36.5%and 16.0%;with the increase of fan power,the NO_(x)and(NO_(x))_(pond)can be decreased by 48.4%and 16.1%;with the increase of ejection distance of nozzle,the NO_(x)and(NO_(x))_(pond)decreased by 7.7%and 6.8%;with the increase of aperture of nozzle,the NO_(x)and(NO_(x))_(pond)increased by 5.2%and 2.3%;with the increase of air relative humidity,the NO_(x)decreased by 16.4%and the(NO_(x))_(pond)basically remains *** analysis of the influence factors of NO_(x)emission can be provided as reference for the optimization design of combi-boilers with low NO_(x)emission.

关键词： gas-fired combi-boilers nitrogen oxides excess air coefficient air relative humidity

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