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australian sugarcane soldier fly’s salivary gland transcriptome in response to starvation and feeding on sugarcane crops

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Insect Science 2020年第4期27卷 708-720页

作者： Kayvan Etebari Karel R.Lindsay Andrew L.Ward Michael J.Furlong School of Biological Sciences The University of QueenslandBrisbaneQLDAustralia sugar research australia Te KowaiQLDAustralia sugar research australia IndooroopillyQLDAustralia

The soldier fly is an endemic pest of sugarcane in *** numbers of larvae can cause significant damage to roots and reduce the crop *** is known about the composition and function of the soldier fly salivary gland,its secretions,and their roles in insect—plant *** this study,we performed transcriptome analysis of the salivary glands of starved and sugarcane root-fed soldier fly larvae.A total of 31119 highly expressed assembled contigs were identified in the salivary glands and almost 50%of them showed high levels of similarity to known proteins in Nr *** all the obtained contigs,only 9727 sequences contain an open reading frame of over 100 amino *** 31%of contigs were predicted to encode secretory proteins,including some digestive and detoxifying enzymes and potential *** known salivary secreted peptides such as serine protease,cysteine proteinase inhibitors,antimicrobial peptides and venom proteins were among the top 100 highly expressed *** gene expression analysis revealed significant modulation of 850 transcripts in salivary glands upon exposure to plant roots or starvation ***,we identified some venom proteins which were significantly upregulated in the salivary glands of soldier fly larvae exposed to sugarcane *** other insects and nematodes some of these proteins have been used to manipulate host plant defense systems and facilitate the invasion of the host *** findings provide a further insight into the identification of potential effector proteins involved in soldier fly-sugarcane interactions.

关键词： Inopus salivary gland soldier fly sugarcane pest transcriptome

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Past and recent advances in sugarcane cytogenetics

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The Crop Journal 2023年第1期11卷 1-8页

作者： Kai Wang Hui Zhang Haris Khurshid Ayman Esh Caiwen Wu Qinnan Wang Nathalie Piperidis School of Life Sciences Nantong UniversityNantong 226019JiangsuChina sugar research australia Mackay 4740Australia Institute of Nanfan&Seed Industry Guangdong Academy of SciencesGuangzhou 510316GuangdongChina sugarcane Institute Yunnan Academy of Agricultural SciencesKaiyuan 661600YunnanChina sugar Crops research Institute Agriculture Research CenterGiza 12111Egypt Oilseeds research Program National Agricultural Research CentreIslamabad 44000Pakistan

The Saccharum genus comprises species with large and variable chromosome numbers, leading to challenges in genomic studies and breeding improvement. Cytogenetics, including classical and molecular approaches, has played a central role in deciphering the genome structure, classification, and evolution of the genus Saccharum. The application of fluorescence in situ hybridization using oligonucleotide probes significantly improved our understanding of the complex genomes of Saccharum species. This paper reviews the application and progress of cytogenetic techniques in Saccharum. Future applications of cytogenetics are discussed, as they could benefit both genomic studies and breeding of sugarcane as well as other plants with complex genomes.

关键词： Cytogenetics sugarcane FISH Chromosome Oligo-FISH

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Cryopreservation of strip spawned sperm using programmable freezing technique in the blue mussel Mytilus galloprovincialis

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Journal of Oceanology and Limnology 2018年第6期36卷 2351-2357页

作者： LIU Yibing LIU Shiwen LIU Bingli QIN Jianguang XU Tong LI Xiaoxu Liaoning Ocean and Fisheries Science research Institute Dalian 116023China College of Science and Engineering The Flinders University of South AustraliaAdelaideSouth Australia 5042Australia College of Fisheries and Life Science Dalian Ocean UniversityDalian 116023China South australian research and Development Institute West BeachSouth Australia 5024Australia

In this study, a programmable freezing technique has been developed for strip spawned sperm in the blue mussel, M ytilus galloprovincialis. The optimized key parameters include cooling rate, endpoint temperature, thawing temperature, sugar addition and sperm to oocyte ratio. The sperm quality was assessed by the fertilization rate or the integrity of sperm component and organelle. The highest post-thaw sperm fertilization rate was 91%, which was produced with sperm cryopreserved in 8% dimethyl sulfoxide at the cooling rate of-4°C/min from 2°C to-30°C before being plunged into liquid nitrogen for at least 12 h, thawed in a 20°C seawater bath and fertilized at sperm to egg ratio of 50 000:1. The addition of glucose, sucrose or trehalose to 8% dimethyl sulfoxide could not further improve fertilization rates. The fluorescent assessments showed that the post-thaw sperm plasma membrane integrity and acrosome integrity were significantly damaged in comparison with fresh sperm.

关键词： blue mussel Mytilus galloprovincialis strip spawning sperm cryopreservation

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Molecular regulation of sucrose catabolism and sugar transport for development~ defence and phloem function

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Journal of Integrative Plant Biology 2017年第5期59卷 322-335页

作者： Jun Li Limin Wu Ryan Foster Yong-Ling Ruan australia-China research Centre for Crop Improvement and School of Environmental and Life Sciences The University of NewcastleNSW 2308 Australia CSIRO Agriculture Canberra ACT 26oi Australia

Sucrose （Suc） is the major end product of photosynthesis in mesophyll cells of most vascular plants. It is loaded into phloem of mature leaves for long-distance translocation to non-photosynthetic organs where it is unloaded for diverse uses. Clearly, Suc transport and metabolism is central to plant growth and development and the functionality of the entire vascular system. Despite vast information in the literature about the physiological roles of individual sugar metabolic enzymes and transporters, there is a lack of systematic evaluation about their molecular regulation from transcriptional to post-translational levels. Knowledge on this topic is essential for understanding and improving plant development, optimizing resource distri- bution and increasing crop productivity. We therefore focused our analyses on molecular control of key players in Suc metabolism and transport, including：（i） the identifica- tion of promoter elements responsive to sugars and hormones or targeted by transcription factors and micro- RNAs degrading transcripts of target genes; and （ii） modulation of enzyme and transporter activities through protein-protein interactions and other post-translational modifications. We have highlighted major remaining questions and discussed opportunities to exploit current understanding to gain new insights into molecular control of carbon partitioning for improving plant performance.

关键词： William J. Lucas University of California Davis USA

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sugar Input, Metabolism, and Signaling Mediated by Invertase： Roles in Development, Yield Potential, and Response to Drought and Heat

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Molecular Plant 2010年第6期3卷 942-955页

作者： Yong-Ling Ruan Ye Jin Yue-Jian Yang Guo-Jing Li John S. Boyer School of Environmental and Life Sciences University of Newcastle Callaghan NSW 2308 Australia australia-China research Centre for Crop Improvement University of Newcastle Callaghan NSW 2308 Australia College of Life Sciences Central China Normal University Wuhan 430079 China China-australia research Centre for Crop Improvement Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences Hangzhou 310021 China College of Earth Ocean and Environment and College of Agriculture and Natural Resources University of Delaware Lewes DE 19958 USA

Invertase （INV） hydrolyzes sucrose into glucose and fructose, thereby playing key roles in primary metabolism and plant development. Based on their pH optima and sub-cellular locations, INVs are categorized into cell wall, cytoplasmic, and vacuolar subgroups, abbreviated as CWlN, CIN, and VlN, respectively. The broad importance and implications of INVs in plant development and crop productivity have attracted enormous interest to examine INV function and regulation from multiple perspectives. Here, we review some exciting advances in this area over the last two decades, focusing on （1） new or emerging roles of INV in plant development and regulation at the post-translational level through interaction with inhibitors, （2） cross-talk between INV-mediated sugar signaling and hormonal control of development, and （3） sugar- and INV-mediated responses to drought and heat stresses and their impact on seed and fruit set. Finally, we discuss major questions arising from this new progress and outline future directions for unraveling mechanisms underlying INV-mediated plant development and their potential applications in plant biotechnology and agriculture.

关键词： Crop yield drought heat stress invertase reproductive development seed and fruit set sugar metabolism sugar signaling.

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Manufacturing of graded titanium scaffolds using a novel space holder technique

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Bioactive Materials 2017年第4期2卷 248-252页

作者： Yunhui Chen Damon Kent Michael Bermingham Ali Dehghan-Manshadi Gui Wang Cuie Wen Matthew Dargusch Queensland Centre for Advanced Materials Processing and Manufacturing(AMPAM) The University of QueenslandSt.Lucia4072Australia School of Science and Engineering University of the Sunshine CoastMaroochydore DCQLD4558Australia ARC research Hub for Advanced Manufacturing of Medical Devices Australia School of Engineering RMIT UniversityMelbourne3001Australia

To optimize both the mechanical and biological properties of titanium for biomedical implants,a highly flexible powder metallurgy approach is proposed to generate porous scaffolds with graded porosities and pore *** pellets acting as space holders were compacted with titanium powder and then removed by dissolution in water before *** morphology,pore structure,porosity and pore interconnectivity were observed by optical microscopy and *** results show that the porous titanium has porosity levels and pore size gradients consistent with their design with gradual and smooth transitions at the interfaces between regions of differing porosities and/or pore ***,the porous titanium has high interconnectivity between pores and highly spherical pore *** this article we show that this powder metallurgy processing technique,employing the novel sugar pellets as space-holders,can generate porous titanium foams with well-controlled graded porosities and pore *** method has excellent potential for producing porous titanium structures for hard tissue engineering applications.

关键词： Porous scaffolds Titanium Powder metallurgy Space holder Graded porosity

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An investigation on the best-fit models for sugarcane biomass estimation by linear mixedeffect modelling on unmanned aerial vehicle-based multispectral images:A case study of australia

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Information Processing in Agriculture 2023年第3期10卷 361-376页

作者： Sharareh Akbarian Chengyuan Xu Weijin Wang Stephen Ginns Samsung Lim School of Civil and Environmental Engineering University of New South WalesSydney 2052Australia School of Health Medical and Applied SciencesCentral Queensland UniversityBundaberg 4670Australia Science&Technology Division Department of Environment and ScienceQueensland 4017Australia Queensland Department of Agriculture and Fisheries Brisbane 4000Australia

Due to the worldwide population growth and the increasing needs for sugar-based products,accurate estimation of sugarcane biomass is critical to the precise monitoring of sugarcane *** research aims to find the imperative predictors correspond to the random and fixed effects to improve the accuracy of wet and dry sugarcane biomass estimations by integrating ground data and multi-temporal images from Unmanned Aerial Vehicles(UAVs).The multispectral images and biomass measurements were obtained at different sugarcane growth stages from 12 plots with three nitrogen fertilizer *** spectral bands and different combinations of the plots,growth stages,and nitrogen fertilizer treatments were investigated to address the issue of selecting the correct fixed and random effects for the modelling.A model selection strategy was applied to obtain the optimum fixed effects and their proportional *** results showed that utilizing Green,Blue,and Near Infrared spectral bands on models rather than all bands improved model performance for wet and dry biomass ***,the combination of plots and growth stages outperformed all the candidates of random *** proposed model outperformed the Multiple Linear Regression(MLR),Generalized Linear Model(GLM),and Generalized Additive Model(GAM)for wet and dry sugarcane biomass,with coefficients of determination(R2)of 0.93 and 0.97,and Root Mean Square Error(RMSE)of 12.78 and 2.57 t/ha,*** study indicates that the proposed model can accurately estimate sugarcane biomasses without relying on nitrogen fertilizers or the saturation/senescence problem of Vegetation Indices(VIs)in mature growth stages.

关键词： sugarcane biomass estimation Unmanned Aerial Vehicle(UAV) Random effects Nitrogen fertilizer treatment Model selection Vegetation Index(VI)

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Quantification and Remediation of Soil Chemical Degradation in Tropical australia,China and Thailand

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Pedosphere 2003年第1期13卷 31-39页

作者： A.D.NoBLE P.MOODY 等 CSIROLandandWater DaviesLaboratoryPMBPOAitkenvaleQLD4814（Australia DepartmentofNaturalResoucesandMines 80MeiersRoadIndooroopillyQLD4068（Australia）

Soil and land degradation in the tropics can be identified and described interms of physical, chemical, and biological changes from its pristine state brought about by naturaland anthropogenic influences. A characteristic of these ecosystems is their capacity to recyclenutrients through soil organic matter (SOM). Following disturbance through changed land management,SOM is rapidly mineralized and there is a corresponding decline in fertility and the variable chargecomponent of the cation exchange capacity. As these ecosystems are strongly dependent on SOM fortheir functionality, changed land use can have irreversible impacts on the productivity of thesesystems. The paper focuses on quantifying chemical degradation through 'benchmarking' using datafrom paired sites in tropical China and Thailand using surface charge fingerprinting. Using valuestaken from the fingerprint of an undisturbed soil, an index of chemical degradation from 'ideality'was calculated. Various management strategies that attempt to reverse degradative trends or improvepoor quality soils in their natural condition are discussed, such as the addition of natural claysand silicated materials. Results are present to show the effect of each of the aforementionedstrategies on surface charge characteristics and associated increases in plant productivity.

关键词： degradation land use remediation soil

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Tomato Ovary-to-Fruit Transition is Characterized by a Spatial Shift of mRNAs for Cell Wall Invertase and its Inhibitor with the Encoded Proteins Localized to Sieve Elements

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Molecular Plant 2015年第2期8卷 315-328页

作者： William M. Palmer School of Environmental and Life Sciences The University of Newcastle NSW 2308 Callaghan Australia australia-China research Centre for Crop Improvement The University of Newcastle NSW 2308 Callaghan Australia Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences Chinese Academy of Sciences 300 Fenglin Road Shanghai 200032 China These authors contributed equally to the article. Present address: College of Life Sciences. Central China Normal University Wuhan 430079 China

Central to understanding fruit development is to elucidate the processes mediating a successful transition from pre-pollination ovaries to newly set fruit, a key step in establishing fruit yield potential. In tomato, cell wall invertase （CWIN） LIN5 and its inhibitor INH1 are essential for fruit growth. However, the molecular and cellular basis by which they exert their roles in ovary-to-fruit transition remains unknown. To address this issue, we conducted a study focusing on ovaries and fruitlets at 2 days before and 2 days after anthesis, respectively. In situ hybridization analyses revealed that LIN5 and INH1 exhibited a dispersed expression in ovaries compared with their phloem-specific expression in fruitlets. Remarkably, LIN5 and INH1 proteins were immunologically co-localized to cell walls of sieve elements （SEs） in ovaries immediately prior to anthesis and in young fruitlets, but were undetectable in provascular bundles of younger ovaries. A burst in CWlN activity occurred during ovary-to-fruit transition. Interestingly, the ovaries, but not the fruit- lets, exhibited high expression of a defective invertase, SldeCWIN1, an ortholog of which is known to enhance inhibition of INH on CWlN activity in tobacco. Imaging of a fluorescent symplasmic tracer indicated an apoplasmic phloem unloading pathway operated in ovaries, contrary to the previously observed symplasmic unloading pathway in fruit pericarp. These new data indicate that （1） a phloem-specific patterning of the CWIN and INH mRNAs is induced during ovary-to-fruit transition, and （2） LIN5 protein functions specifically in walls of SEs and increases its activity during ovary-to-fruit transition, probably to facilitate phloem unloading and to generate a glucose signal positively regulating cell division, hence fruit set.

关键词： fruit set invertase invertase inhibitor phloem unloading sugar signaling

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Characterization of Ion Contents and Metabolic Responses to Salt Stress of Different Arabidopsis AtHKT1;1 Genotypes and Their Parental Strains

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Molecular Plant 2013年第2期6卷 350-368页

作者： Camilla B. Hill Deepa Jha Antony Bacic Mark Tester Ute Roessner australian Centre for Plant Functional Genomics School of Botany University of Melbourne Victoria 3010 Australia australian Centre for Plant Functional Genomics University of Adelaide Waite Campus Glen Osmond 5064 SA Australia Metabolomics australia School of Botany University of Melbourne Victoria 3010 Australia Bio21 Molecular Science and Biotechnology Institute University of Melbourne Victoria 3010 Australia ARC Centre of Excellence in Plant Cell Walls School of Botany University of Melbourne Victoria 3010 Australia

Plants employ several strategies to maintain cellular ion homeostasis under salinity stress, including mediat-ing ion fluxes by transmembrane transport proteins and adjusting osmotic pressure by accumulating osmolytes. The HKT （high-affinity potassium transporter） gene family comprises Na^＋ and Na^＋/K^＋ transporters in diverse plant species, with HKT1,1 as the only member in Arabidopsis thaliana. Cell-type-specific overexpression of AtHKT1;1 has been shown to prevent shoot Na^＋ overaccumulation under salinity stress. Here, we analyzed a broad range of metabolites and elements in shoots and roots of different AtHKT1;1 genotypes and their parental strains before and after salinity stress, revealing a reciprocal relationship of metabolite differences between an AtHKT1;1 knockout line （hktl;1） and the AtHKT1;1 overex- pressing lines （E2586 UASGAL4：HKT1;1 and J2731＊UASGAL4：HKT1;1）. Although levels of root sugars were increased after salt stress in both AtHKTI,1 overexpressing lines, E2586 UASGAL4：HKT1;1 showed higher accumulation of the osmopro-tectants trehalose, gentiobiose, and melibiose, whereas J2731＊UASGAL4：HKT1;1 showed higher levels of sucrose and raffinose, compared with their parental lines, respectively. In contrast, the knockout line hktl,1 showed strong increases in the levels of the tricarboxylic acid （TCA） cycle intermediates in the shoots after salt treatment. This coincided with a significant depletion of sugars, suggesting that there is an increased rate of carbon influx into the TCA cycle at a constant rate of C-efflux from the cycle, which might be needed to support plant survival during salt stress. Using correlation analysis, we identified associations between the Na^＋ content and several sugars, suggesting that regulation of sugar metabolism is important in plant responses to salinity stress.

关键词： abiotic stress salinity salt tolerance HKT sodium transporter, metabolomics enhancer trap system.

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