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Exploring the size of Andean condor foraging groups along an altitudinal and latitudinal gradient in the Tropical Andes: Ecological and conservation implications

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Current Zoology 2024年第2期70卷 225-232页

作者： Diego Mendez Felix Hernan Vargas JoséHernan Sarasola Pedro P.Oleaa departamento de Ecologia Universidad Autonoma de MadridCalle Darwin 228049MadridSpain Museo Nacional de Historia Natural Calle 26 s/nCota CotaLa PazBolivia The Peregrine Fund 5668 West Flying Hawk LaneBoiseID 83709USA Centro para el Estudio y Conservacion de Aves Rapaces en Argentina(CECARA) Universidad Nacional de La PampaAvda Uruguay 1516300 Santa RosaLa PampaArgentina Instituto de las Ciencias Ambientales y de la Tierra de la Pampa(INCITAP-CONICET) Avda.Uruguay 1516300 Santa RosaLa PampaArgentina Centro de investigacion en Biodiversidad y Cambio Global(CIBC-UAM) Universidad Autonoma de MadridMadridCalle Darwin 228049Madrid Snain

Patterns of variation in the size of vulture foraging groups,and their ecological causes and consequences,remain litle explored despite strong links with the carrion recycling service that this key functional group *** documented the group size-frequency pattern of Andean con-dors Vultur gryphus gathered to feed on 42 equine carcasses experimentally placed in Bolivia,between 2012 and 2019,along an elevation range of 1,300-4,500 m *** on the location(altitude and latitude)of the foraging groups,we examined the relationship between their size and species'population parameters(size and trend),habitat conditions,and livestock carcass availability and *** utilized a high frequency(93%)of carcasses forming groups that ranged from 1 to 80 individuals(mean=25,median=18)and shaped a"lazy-J curve"typical pattern of size-frequency distribution whereby few groups(5,12%)were large(>55 individuals)and most(21,50%)were relatively small(lated to altitude in that most larger groups formed at lower sites(below c.3,000 m asl),likely following an altitudinal gradient whereby larger groups are more likely to form around larger carcasses(i.e.,cattle),which are more likely to occur at lower *** of population size,group size could be an adaptive response of condors via local enhancement for improving individual scavenging *** information gaps on this topic still exist,thus we provide a set of questions to address them,especially amidst the unrestricted impacts of human activities that condition vulture survival globally.

关键词： condor andino fusion-fission dynamics group size scavenger social foraging vultures.

An unsupervised pattern recognition methodology based on factor analysis and a genetic-DBSCAN algorithm to infer operational conditions from strain measurements in structural applications

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Chinese Journal of Aeronautics 2021年第2期34卷 165-181页

作者： Juan Carlos PERAFAN-LOPEZ Julian SIERRA-PEREZ Grupo de investigacion en Ingenieria Aeroespacial Universidad Pontificia BolivarianaCircular 170-01Medellin 050031Colombia

Structural Health Monitoring(SHM) suggests the use of machine learning algorithms with the aim of understanding specific behaviors in a structural system. This work introduces a pattern recognition methodology for operational condition clustering in a structure sample using the well known density Based Spatial Clustering of Applications with Noise(DBSCAN) *** methodology was validated using a data set from an experiment with 32 Fiber Bragg Gratings bonded to an aluminum beam placed in cantilever and submitted to cyclic bending loads under 13 different operational conditions(pitch angles). Further, the computational cost and precision of the machine learning pipeline called FA + GA-DBSCAN(which employs a combination of machine learning techniques including factor analysis for dimensionality reduction and a genetic algorithm for the automatic selection of initial parameters of DBSCAN) was measured. The obtained results have shown a good performance, detecting 12 of 13 operational conditions, with an overall precision over 90%.

关键词： Clustering DBSCAN Factor analysis FBGs Pattern recognition Strain field

Pulsatile electroosmotic flow of a Maxwell fluid in a parallel flat plate microchannel with asymmetric zeta potentials

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Applied Mathematics and Mechanics(English Edition) 2018年第5期39卷 667-684页

作者： M.PERALTA O.BAUTISTA F.MENdeZ E.BAUTISTA Seccion de Estudios de Posgrado e investigacion ESIME Azcapotzalco Instituto Politecnico NacionalCiudad de Mexico 02250Mexico Facultad de Ingeniería Universidad Nacional Autonoma de MexicoCiudad de Mexico 04510Mexico

The pulsatile electroosmotic flow （PEOF） of a Maxwell fluid in a parallel flat plate microchannel with asymmetric wall zeta potentials is theoretically analyzed. By combining the linear Maxwell viscoelastic model, the Cauchy equation, and the electric field solution obtained from the linearized PoissomBoltzmann equation, a hyperbolic par- tial differential equation is obtained to derive the flow field. The PEOF is controlled by the angular Reynolds number, the ratio of the zeta potentials of the microchannel walls, the electrokinetic parameter, and the elasticity number. The main results obtained from this analysis show strong oscillations in the velocity profiles when the values of the elas- ticity number and the angular Reynolds number increase due to the competition among the elastic, viscous, inertial, and electric forces in the flow.

关键词： pulsatile electroosmotic flow (PEOF) flat plate microchannel asymmetric zeta potential Maxwell fluid

Comparative transcriptomics reveals hidden issues in the plant response to arthropod herbivores

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Journal of Integrative Plant Biology 2021年第2期63卷 312-326页

作者： M.Estrella Santamaria Alejandro Garcia Ana Amaiz Irene Rosa-Diaz Gara Romero-Hernandez Isabel Diaz Manuel Martinez Centro de Biotecnologia y Genomica de Plantas Instituto Nacional de Investigacion y Tecnologia Agraria y AlimentariaUniversidad Politecnica de MadridMadridSpain departamento de Biotecnologia-Biologia Vegetal Escuela Tecnica Superior de Ingenierfa AgronomicaAlimentaria y de BiosistemasUniversidad Politecnica de MadridMadridSpain

Plants experience different abiotic/biotic stresses,which trigger their molecular machinery to cope with them. Besides general mechanisms prompted by many stresses, specific mechanisms have been introduced to optimize the response to individual threats. However, these key mechanisms are difficult to identify. Here, we introduce an in-depth species-specific transcriptomic analysis and conduct an extensive meta-analysis of the responses to related species to gain more knowledge about plant responses. The spider mite Tetranychus urticae was used as the individual species, several arthropod herbivores as the related species for meta-analysis, and Arabidopsis thaliana plants as the common host. The analysis of the transcriptomic data showed typical common responses to herbivory, such as jasmonate signaling or glucosinolate biosynthesis. Also, a specific set of genes likely involved in the particularities of the Arabidopsis-spider mite interaction was discovered. The new findings have determined a prominent role in this interaction of the jasmonateinduced pathways leading to the biosynthesis of anthocyanins and tocopherols. Therefore, tandem individual/general transcriptomic profiling has been revealed as an effective method to identify novel relevant processes and specificities in the plant response to environmental stresses.

关键词： Arabidopsis thaliana arthropod herbivore comparative transcriptomics plant defense Tetranychus urticae

Role of systemic inflammation in cirrhosis:From pathogenesis to prognosis

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World Journal of Hepatology 2015年第16期7卷 1974-1981页

作者： Melisa Dirchwolf Andres Eduardo Ruf Hepatopatias Infecciosas Hospital Francisco J Muniz Fundacion para la Docencia e investigacion de las Enfermedades del Higado (FUNDIEH) Liver Transplant Unit British Hospital of Buenos Aires

The natural history of cirrhosis can be divided into an initial stage, known as compensated cirrhosis, and an advanced stage which encompasses both decompensated cirrhosis and acute-on-chronic liver failure(ACLF). The latter syndrome has been recently described as an acute deterioration of liver function in patients with cirrhosis, which is usually triggered by a precipitating event and results in the failure of one or more organs and high short-term mortality rates. Each stage is characterized by distinctive clinical manifestations and prognoses. One of the key elements involved in cirrhosis physiopathology is systemic inflammation, recently described as one of the components in the cirrhosis-associated immune dysfunction syndrome. This syndrome refers to the combination of immune deficiency and exacerbated inflammation that coexist during the course of cirrhosis and relates to the appearance of clinical complications. Since systemic inflammation is often difficult to assess in cirrhosis patients, new objective, reproducible and readily-available markers are needed in order to optimize prognosis and lengthen survival. Thus, surrogate serum markers and clinical parameters of systemic inflammation have been sought to improve disease follow-up and management, especially in decompensated cirrhosis and ACLF. Leukocyte counts(evaluated as total leukocytes, total eosinophils or neutrophil:lymphocyte ratio) and plasma levels of procalcitonin or C-reactive protein have been proposed as prognostic markers, each with advantages and shortcomings. Research and prospective randomized studies that validate these and other markers are clearly warranted.

关键词： Immune dysfunction Cirrhosis Acute-onchronic liver failure Prognosis Systemic inflammation

Gradient analysis of saline groundwater dynamics along spatial transects in the Chaco

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Gradient analysis of saline groundwater dynamics along spati...

RNAi technology targeting PbGP43 and PbP27 in paracoccidioides brasiliensis

ⅩⅪ International Grassland Congress and the Ⅷ International Rangeland Congress

作者： A.Glatzle L.Reimer G.Roth J.Cobo Nunez Iniciativa para la investigacion y Trans ferencia de Tecnologia Agraria Sostenible（INTTAS） Loma Plata 1045 C.d.c.883 AsuncionParaguay

＜正＞Introduction The transitional zone between the dry and the semi-humid Chaco is characterized by a high table of saline *** salinity is commonly observed at the edges of seasonally inundated grasslands in landscape depressions without external runoff（so called water camps） surrounded by native drought deciduous thorn *** far,little information had been available on groundwater characteristics（depth and conductivity） as related to soil salinity.

关键词： dryland salinity groundwater grassland bushland electrical conductivity soil humidity Chaco

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Open Journal of Genetics 2013年第2期3卷 1-8页

作者： Isaura Torres Gomez Orville Hernandez Ruiz Jose F.Munoz Ana Maria Garcia Angela Restrepo Juan G.McEwen Unidad de Biologia Celular y Molecular Corporacion para Investigaciones Biologicas(CIB)MedellinColombia Instituto de Biologia Universidad de AntioquiaMedellinColombia Grupo de investigacion en Biociencias Facultad de Ciencias de la SaludInstitucion Universitaria Colegio Mayor de AntioquiaMedellinColombia Facultad de Medicina Universidad de AntioquiaMedellinColombia

Efficient technologies for gene silencing would be important to carry out functional analysis with P. brasiliensis genes, as well as for a better understanding of the biology and pathogenesis of this pathogenic fungus. Due to the fact that homologous recombination is unusual in P. brasiliensis, the development of knockout isolates is currently non-feasible. The goal of this work was to assess RNA interference (RNAi) technology as an alternative tool for gene silencing previously employed successfully in H. capsulatum. For this purpose, we built different inverted repeat transgenic hairpin constructs to down-regulate the PbGP43 and PbP27 genes known to codify for two fungal immunogenic proteins that elicit a strong immune response during experimental paracoccidioidomycosis. Using the RNAi strategy, a reduction in the mRNA levels of the PbGP43 and PbP27 genes was observed during the first 20 days after selection;however, in the transformed yeast cells, the gene silencing status proved non-stable through the assay. We demonstrated that electrotransformation was suitable to transform P. brasiliensis yeast cells and integrate the hairpin constructions;nonetheless, gene silencing was not stable along the experimental time. A detailed analysis of the underlying molecular RNAi machinery may provide further insights into the intracellular mechanism that governs this reverse genetic tool.

关键词： paracoccidioides brasiliensis Interference RNA Gene Silencing PbGP43 PbP27 Gene Expression

Lesser kestrels of the same colony do not overwinter together

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Current Zoology 2024年第4期70卷 505-512页

作者： Jorge Garcia-Macia Munir Chaouni Sara Morollon Javier Bustamante Lina Lopez-Ricaurte Juan Martinez-Dalmau Beatriz Rodriguez-Moreno Vicente Urios Grupo de investigacion Zoologia de Vertebrados Universidad de AlicanteApdo.99E-03080 AlicanteSpain department of Wetland Ecology Estacion Biologica de Donana(CSIC)C/Americo Vespucio 2641092SevillaSpain GREFA C/MontedelPilarS/NE-28220MajadahondaMadridSpain

Migratory connectivity describes the linkage between breeding and nonbreeding sites,having major ecological implications in birds:1 season influence the success of an individual or a population in the following *** studies on migratory connectivity have used large-scale approaches,often considering regional populations,but fine-scale studies are also necessary to understand colony *** lesser kestrel Falco naumanni,an insectivorous migratory raptor which form colonies during the breeding period,was considered to have strong connectivity based on regional ***,no small-scale studies on migratory connectivity have been ***,we GPS(Global Positioning System)-tracked 40 adult lesser kestrels from 15 different Spanish breeding colonies,estimating the overlap index between home ranges and the distance between their *** was found that lesser kestrels from the same breeding colony placed their nonbreeding areas at 347±281 km(mean±standard deviation)away from each other(range=23-990),and their home ranges over-lapped by 38.4±23.6%.No differences between intra-colony and inter-colony metrics were found,which suggests that lesser kestrels from the same breeding cluster do not overwinter together,but they spread out and mixed independently of the colony belonging throughout the nonbreeding range of the ***,this study highlights the importance of performing connectivity studies using fine-scale approaches.

关键词： Falco naumanni GPS telemetry migratory connectivity nonbreeding raptor spatial ecology wintering.

Relation between Gastrointestinal Adverse Effects in Gaucher Disease Patients and Intestinal Disaccharidases Activity Evaluated by Methane Hydrogen Breath Test

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Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmacology 2017年第2期5卷 85-97页

作者： Blanca Medrano-Engay Marcio Andrade-Campos Maria Pilar Irun Miguel Pocovi Pilaf Giraldo Unidad de investigacion Traslacional Hospital Universitario Miguel Servet Zaragoza 50009 Spain Instituto de investigacion Sanitaria Aragon (IIS Aragon) Zaragoza 50009 Spain Centro de lnvestigacion Biomedica en Red de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER) ISCIII Zaragoza 50009 Spain departamento de Bioquimica y Biologia Molecular y Celular Universidad de Zaragoza Zaragoza 50009 Spain Fundacion Espanola para el Estudio y Terapeutica de la Enfermedad de Gaucher (FEETEG) Zaragoza 50008 Spain

The aim of this paper is to study the disaccharidase profile in GD （Gaucher disease） patients treated or not with miglustat and compare it with a healthy control group. Miglustat is an iminosugar used as substrate inhibitor in the therapy of some lysosomal disorders, its main side effects resembling carbohydrate maldigestion symptoms and cause more than 50% of medication discontinuation among GD patients. In-vitro studies have revealed that miglustat can act as an inhibitor of some digestive enzymes. An exploratory non-interventional study was designed to compare the disaccharidase profile assessed by MHBT （methane hydrogen breath test） and to analyze the correlation with the reported gastrointestinal symptoms in GD patients （40） and healthy subjects （20）. MHBT was performed following the ingestion of lactose, sucrose and maltose on different days. Each participant completed two detailed surveys about dietary habits, medications and gastrointestinal symptoms previous and during the test. Twenty-one GD were receiving miglustat, 10 （47.6%） of them reported gastrointestinal side effects, and 7/10 （70%） recorded a positive MHBT （lactose 5, maltose 2, and sucrose 1）. In 6/19 （31.6%） patients that never been exposed to miglustat and 7/20 （35%） controls a positive MHBT were detected. The comparison of the malabsorption phenotype between GD patients exposed and not exposed to miglustat （p = 0.028） and control group （p 〈 0.04） showed high statistical significance for the group of patients treated with miglustat. These results suggest that miglustat therapy induces persistent changes in digestive enzyme activity in GD patients.

关键词： Methane hydrogen breath test lactose intolerance sucrose intolerance maltose intolerance gastrointestinal disorders Gaucher disease miglustat.