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Free-ranging dogs match a human’s preference in a foraging task

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Current Zoology 2024年第3期70卷 343-349页

作者： Giulia Cimarelli Magdelena Juskaite Friederike Range Sarah Marshall-Pescini Domestication Lab Konrad Lorenz Institute of EthologyDepartment of Interdisciplinary Life SciencesUniversity of Veterinary Medicine ViennaVeterinärplatz 11210ViennaAustria Department of Biology Education Stockholm UniversityStockholmSweden

Social learning is a mechanism used by many species to effciently gain information about their *** many animals live in an environment where members of other species are present,little is known about interspecifc social *** and urbanized species provide the opportunity to investigate whether nonhuman animals can learn from heterospecifcs such as humans,who are integral parts of their social *** domestic dogs Canis familiaris have been intensively researched for their ability to learn from humans,most studies have focused on dogs living as ***,free-ranging dogs represent the majority of the world’s dog population,they live alongside humans,scavenge on human refuse,and are subject to natural and sexual ***,free-ranging dogs with extensive exposure to humans and their artifacts provide the opportunity to investigate interspecifc social learning in a naturalistic setting,where learning from humans might be a beneft for *** we tested individual free-ranging dogs in a between-subject design:Dogs in the control group could spontaneously choose between two novel and differently patterned food-delivering *** the experimental group,instead,dogs could frst observe an unfamiliar human approaching and eating from 1 of the 2 *** provide the frst evidence that free-ranging dogs match the choice of an unfamiliar *** results show that at least simple forms of interspecifc social learning might be involved in dogs’success in living alongside humans in a complex urbanized environment.

关键词： Canis familiaris dogs domestication foraging free-ranging dogs social learning urbanization.

What is required for better progress in clinical and scientific andrology involving sperm assessments?

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Asian Journal of Andrology 2024年第3期26卷 229-232页

作者： Lars Björndahl ANOVA Karolinska University Hospital and Karolinska Institutet Sweden Stockholm S-113 64

In scientific publications based on basicsemen examination,there is a generallack of consistency and transparencyregarding laboratory techniques *** support improvements in clinicaland scientific andrology,it is essential toincrease understanding of basic physiologyand biology,and enhance compliancewith existing recommendations andinternational *** designsneed to be improved as well as transparencyof laboratory methods used and openpublication of data obtained.

关键词： transparency consistency clinical

Regulation of Lithium-Ion Flux by Nanotopology Lithiophilic Boron-Oxygen Dipole in Solid Polymer Electrolytes for Lithium-Metal Batteries

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Energy & Environmental Materials 2024年第4期7卷 74-82页

作者： Manying Cui Hongyang Zhao Yanyang Qin Shishi Zhang Ruxin Zhao Miao Zhang Wei Yu Guoxin Gao Xiaofei Hu Yaqiong Su Kai Xi Shujiang Ding School of Chemistry Engineering Research Center of Energy Storage Materials and Devices Ministry of Education State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of Materials Xi'an Jiaotong University Department of Materials and Environmental Chemistry Stockholm University

Inhomogeneous lithium-ion （Li+） deposition is one of the most crucial problems,which severely deteriorates the performance of solid'State lithium metal batteries （LMBs）.Herein,we discovered that covalent organic framework （COF-1） with periodically arranged boron-oxygen dipole lithiophilic sites could directionally guide Li+even deposition in asymmetric solid polymer electrolytes.

关键词： covalent organic framework ion transport regulation lithium metal battery solid polymer electrolyte

World Literature and Decolonization

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Journal of Foreign Languages and Cultures 2024年第1期8卷 55-67页

作者： Stefan HELGESSON stockholm university

With remarkable force,"decolonization"re-entered the academic agenda some ten years *** been an ambivalent historical experience undergirding postcolonial studies in its emergence in the 1980s,"decolonization"today is wielded as a concept and a rallying *** of its rhetorical purposes is to set up an opposition between morally objectionable and morally progressive ways of constructing and sharing knowledge,yet the content of the term is often *** this context,world literature has much to contribute,both methodologically and ***,on the one hand,there is a decolonizing potential in the very ambition to make the world's literary cultures visible,the critical dimension of world literature scholarship makes us aware of its colonial *** Mazisi Kunene's epic poem from South Africa,Emperor Shaka the Great,as its key example,this article discusses how the dual potential of world literature might contribute to a"decolonized"'mode of literary reading.

关键词： decolonization ecologies epic world literature Mazisi Kunene Emperor Shaka the Great

Elasto-inertial focusing and particle migration in high aspect ratio microchannels for highthroughput separation

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Microsystems & Nanoengineering 2024年第3期10卷 381-394页

作者： Selim Tanriverdi Javier Cruz Shahriar Habibi Kasra Amini Martim Costa Fredrik Lundell Gustaf Mårtensson Luca Brandt Outi Tammisola Aman Russom Division of Nanobiotechnology Department of Protein ScienceScience for Life LaboratoryKTH Royal Institute of TechnologySolna 17165Sweden Division of Microsystems Technology Department of Materials Science and EngineeringUppsala UniversityUppsala 75237Sweden FLOW and SeRC(Swedish e-Science Research Centre) Department of Engineering MechanicsRoyal Institute of TechnologyStockholm SE 10044Sweden FLOW and Fluid Physics Laboratory Department of Engineering MechanicsRoyal Institute of TechnologyStockholmSweden Wallenberg Wood Science Center Royal Institute of TechnologyStockholm SE 10044Sweden Department of Energy and Process Engineering Norwegian University of Science and Technology(NTNU)TrondheimNorway AIMES Center for the Advancement of Integrated Medical and Engineering Sciences at Karolinska Institutet and KTH Royal Institute of Technology StockholmSweden

The combination of flow elasticity and inertia has emerged as a viable tool for focusing and manipulating particles using *** there is considerable interest in the field of elasto-inertial microfluidics owing to its potential applications,research on particle focusing has been mostly limited to low Reynolds numbers(Re<1),and particle migration toward equilibrium positions has not been extensively *** this work,we thoroughly studied particle focusing on the dynamic range of flow rates and particle migration using straight microchannels with a single inlet high aspect *** initially explored several parameters that had an impact on particle focusing,such as the particle size,channel dimensions,concentration of viscoelastic fluid,and flow *** experimental work covered a wide range of dimensionless numbers(0.05

关键词： particle separation straight

Small molecular decoys in Alzheimer's disease

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Neural Regeneration Research 2024年第8期19卷 1658-1659页

作者： Sho Oasa Valentina L.Kouznetsova Igor F.Tsigelny Lars Terenius Department of Clinical Neuroscience Center for Molecular MedicineKarolinska InstitutetStockholmSweden San Diego Supercomputer Center University of California San DiegoLa JollaCAUSA Department of Neurosciences University of California San DiegoLa JollaCAUSA Department of Clinical Neuroscience Karolinska University HospitalKarolinska InstitutetStockholmSweden

Recent progress in the treatment of Alzheimer’s disease(AD)using antibodies against amyloid sustains amyloid generation as a key process in *** formation starts with two amyloidbeta(Aβ)molecules interacting(dimer formation)followed by an accelerating build-up of socalled protofibrils,which turn into fibrils,which accumulate in the characteristic plaques.

关键词： Alzheimer decoy Aβ

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Patients Transportation in Surgery Scheduling Problem

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Journal of Systems Science & Complexity 2024年第3期37卷 1100-1113页

作者： CHIKHI Nacira DJEHICHE Boualem Department of Operations Research Faculty of MathematicsUniversity of Science and Technology USTHBBab-Ezzouar 161llAlgeria Department of Mathematics KTH Royal Institute of TechnologySE-10044 StockholmSweden

The scheduling problem in surgery is difficult because, in addition of the planning of the operating rooms which are the most expensive resources in hospitals, each surgery requires a combination of human and material resources. In this paper, the authors address a surgery scheduling problem which arises in operated health care facility. Moreover, the authors consider simultaneously materiel and human resources. This problem is a three-stages flow shop scheduling environment. The first stage(ward) contains a limited number of resources of the same type(beds);The second stage contains different resources with limited capacity(operating rooms, surgeons, nurses, anesthesiologists)and the third stage contains a limited number of recovery beds. There is also a limited number of transporters(porters) between the ward and the other stages. The objective of the problem is to minimize the completion time of the last patient(makespan). The authors formulate this NP-Hard problem in a mixed integer programming model and conduct computational experiments to evaluate the performance of the proposed model.

关键词： Makespan patient scheduling surgery transport

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Cancer-associated fibroblasts express CD1d and activate invariant natural killer T cells under cellular stress

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Cellular & Molecular Immunology 2024年第1期21卷 91-94页

作者： Shengduo Pei Jonas Sjölund Yueyun Pan Kristian Pietras Mikael C.I.Karlsson Department of Microbiology Tumor and Cell BiologyKarolinska InstitutetStockholmSweden Division of Translational Cancer Research Department of Laboratory MedicineLund University Cancer CentreLund UniversityLundSweden

Invariant natural killer T(iNKT)cells are part of the family of unconventional T cells,and they recognize glycolipid antigens presented on the MHC class I like molecule CD1^([1]).In humans there are five CD1 molecules named CD1a to CD1e,whereas mice use only CD1d for lipid ***,iNKT cells can elicit both cytotoxicity similarly to conventional CD8 T cells and secrete cytokines that influence the adaptive immune response including providing direct T cell help to B cells^([2]).In the context of tumors,they can use both release of granzyme B and use Fas-mediated mechanisms for killing of tumor *** iNKT cells use a restricted TCR repertoire and CD1 molecules are non-heterogenous the risk of graft vs host disease is limited and thus these T cells have been an attractive option for off the shelf immunotherapy to treat cancer^([3]).

关键词： killer CD1d Cancer

Emerging strategies and developments in oxygen reduction reaction using high-performance platinum-based electrocatalysts

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Nano Research 2024年第5期17卷 3516-3532页

作者： Asad Ali Aatto Laaksonen Guo Huang Shahid Hussain Shuiping Luo Wen Chen Pei Kang Shen Jinliang Zhu Xiaoyan Ji Energy Engineering Division of Energy ScienceLuleåUniversity of Technology97187 LuleåSweden Department of Materials and Environmental Chemistry Arrhenius LaboratoryStockholm UniversitySE-10691 StockholmSweden Center of Advanced Research in Bionanoconjugates and Biopolymers “Petru Poni”Institute of Macromolecular ChemistryIasi 700469Romania State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented and Chemical Engineering Nanjing Tech UniversityNanjing 211816China College of Materials Science and Engineering Shenzhen UniversityShenzhen 518060China School of Resources Environment and MaterialsState Key Laboratory of Processing for Non-ferrous Metal and Featured MaterialsGuangxi UniversityNanning 530004China

The global practical implementation of proton exchange membrane fuel cells(PEMFCs)heavily relies on the advancement of highly effective platinum(Pt)-based electrocatalysts for the oxygen reduction reaction(ORR).To achieve high ORR performance,electrocatalysts with highly accessible reactive surfaces are needed to promote the uncovering of active positions for easy mass *** this critical review,we introduce different approaches for the emerging development of effective ORR electrocatalysts,which offer high activity and *** strategies,including morphological engineering,geometric configuration modification via supporting materials,alloys regulation,core-shell,and confinement engineering of single atom electrocatalysts(SAEs),are discussed in line with the goals and requirements of ORR performance *** review the ongoing development of Pt electrocatalysts based on the syntheses,nanoarchitecture,electrochemical performances,and *** eventually explore the obstacles and research directions on further developing more effective electrocatalysts.

关键词： oxygen reduction reaction(ORR) Pt-based electrocatalysts proton exchange membrane fuel cells(PEMFCs) morphology and alloys strategies single atom electrocatalysts(SAEs)