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Self-expanding metal stents for the palliation of malignant gastric outlet obstruction in patients with peritoneal carcinomatosis

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2016年第43期22卷 9554-9561页

作者： Christoph Rademacher Matthias Bechtler Steffen Schneider Bettina Hartmann Johannes Striegel Ralf Jakobs Medizinische Klinik C Klinikum der Stadt Ludwigshafen Department of Statistics/stiftung IHF Institut für Herzinfarktforschung

AIM To evaluate the efficacy of self-expanding metal stents(SEMS) for the palliation of malignant gastric outlet obstruction in patients with and without peritoneal carcinomatosis(PC).METHODS We performed a retrospective analysis of 62 patients who underwent SEMS placement for treatment of malignant gastroduodenal obstruction at our hospital over a six-year period. Stents were deployed through the scope under combined fluoroscopic and endoscopic guidance. Technical success was defined as successful stent placement and expansion. Clinical success was defined as an improvement in the obstructive symptoms and discharge from hospital without additional parenteral nutrition. According to carcinomatosis status, patients were assigned into groups with or without evidence of peritoneal *** In most cases, obstruction was caused by pancreatic(47%) or gastric cancer(23%). Technical success was achieved in 96.8%(60/62), clinical success in 79%(49/62) of all patients. Signs of carcinomatosis were identified in 27 patients(43.5%). The diagnosis was confirmed by pathology or previous operation in 7 patients(11.2%) and suspected by CT, MRI or ultrasound in 20 patients(32.2%). Presence of carcinomatosis was associated with a significantly lower clinical success rate compared to patients with no evidence of peritoneal disease(66.7% vs 88.6%, P = 0.036). There was no significant difference in overall survival between patients with or without PC(median 48 d vs 70 d, P = 0.21), but patients showed significantly longer survival after clinical success of SEMS placement compared to those experiencing clinical failure(median 14.5 d vs 75 d, P = 0.0003).CONCLUSION Given the limited therapeutic options and a clinical success rate of at least 66.7%, we believe that SEMS are a reasonable treatment option in patients with malignant gastric outlet obstruction with peritoneal carcinomatosis.

关键词： Gastric outlet obstruction Self-expanding metal stents Peritoneal carcinomatosis Palliation Endoscopy

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Influence of the Heating Parameters on the Distortion of Quench Hardened AISI 52100 Steel Bearing Rings

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金属热处理 2004年第10期29卷 56-61页

作者： Kessler O Surm H Hoffmann F Mayr P stiftung institut für Werkstofftechnik Bremen GermanyStiftung Institut für WerkstofftechnikBremen GermanyStiftung Institut für WerkstofftechnikBremen GermanyStiftung Institut für WerkstofftechnikBremen Germany

在协作研究中心 5 70“畸变工程”的“热处理过程中畸变协调加热”这一课题中 ,对加热过程中畸变发展机理进行了分析 ,并对影响热处理过程中畸变的奥氏体化参数进行了试验研究 ,并进行了计算机模拟。本文提出了不同加热参数对畸变的影... 详细信息

在协作研究中心 5 70“畸变工程”的“热处理过程中畸变协调加热”这一课题中 ,对加热过程中畸变发展机理进行了分析 ,并对影响热处理过程中畸变的奥氏体化参数进行了试验研究 ,并进行了计算机模拟。本文提出了不同加热参数对畸变的影响 ,并利用筛选法确定了其中的显著影响因素和它们对环状物 (AISI 5 2 10 0 ,EN 10 0Cr6轴承钢 )畸变的影响效果。装炉方式和加热速度对环的圆度及平面度的变化影响最大 ,加热过程中的奥氏体化温度。

关键词：淬火畸变热参数热处理过程奥氏体化温度加热轴承钢圆度影响效果 EN 环状

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“畸变工程”——生产过程中的畸变控制(英文)

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金属热处理 2004年第8期29卷 61-66页

作者： F.Hoffmann O.Kessler Th.Luebben P.Mayr stiftung institut für Werkstofftechnik BremenGermanyStiftung Institut für WerkstofftechnikBremenGermanyStiftung Institut für WerkstofftechnikBremenGermanyStiftung Institut für WerkstofftechnikBremenGermany

直到最近为止 ,人们认为淬火是造成零件畸变的一个主要工艺过程 ,特别是淬火的具体操作过程。而今 ,众所周知淬火过程只不过是释放了零件在整个加工过程的一系列操作中积累起来的畸变潜能。然而 ,迄今为止 ,还没有一个以系统的方式来研... 详细信息

直到最近为止 ,人们认为淬火是造成零件畸变的一个主要工艺过程 ,特别是淬火的具体操作过程。而今 ,众所周知淬火过程只不过是释放了零件在整个加工过程的一系列操作中积累起来的畸变潜能。然而 ,迄今为止 ,还没有一个以系统的方式来研究和精确测定整个过程以及每一个加工步骤对零件的几何尺寸、成分偏析、显微组织和残余应力分布的影响。从 2 0 0 1年开始 ,由DeutscheForschungsgemeinschaft(德国研究基金 )在不来梅大学成立了“畸变工程”(SFB 5 70 )合作研究中心。

关键词：淬火成分偏析显微组织残余应力 “畸变工程” 畸变控制热处理

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Separating polydisperse particles using electrostatic precipitators with wire and spiked-wire discharge electrode design

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Particuology 2018年第3期16卷 10-17页

作者： Soren Sander Steffen Gawor Udo Fritsching Process Engineering Stiftung Institut ffir Werlcstofftechnik Badgasteiner Strasse 3 28359 Bremen Germany Particles and Process Engineering University of Bremen Bibliothekstrasse 1 28359 Bremen. Germany

Numerical simulations of electrostatic precipitators featuring wire and spiked electrode designs were performed to determine particle behavior and separation efficiency. The applied-voltage mechanism that alters the flow structure of particles through ionic winds and mean electric fields are revealed. Numeri- cal studies throughout the past years have shown these structures for channel and pipe configurations. However, less attention was given to field averaging for the ni,~r-product and electric field. Our study focuses on this averaging and illustrates relevant differences between multidimensional setups concern- ~ng these fields. Turbulence was modeled using the Reynolds-averaged Navier-Stokes equations with a second-order Reynolds-stress-model closure. A high three-dimensionality of the ionic wind-induced turbulence is presented. This leads to an increase in the submicron-particle precipitation rate. The results confirm the dependence of separation efficiency on particle density and permittivity, thereby showing the advantages of spiked wires compared with wire-plate setups used in electrostatic precipitators.

关键词： Electro-hydrodynamic CFD simulation Electrostatic particle precipitation Electrode design Collection efficiency

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Effects of temperature and sodium carboxylate additives on mineralization of calcium oxalate in silica gel systems

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Science China Chemistry 2004年第4期47卷 311-319页

作者： Bernd Tieke institut fur Physikalische Chemie Universitt zu Kln Luxemburgerstr. 116 D-50939 Kln Germany

The effects of temperature and multifunctional sodium carboxylate additives on the phase composition and morphology of calcium oxalate (CaOxa) crystals grown in silica gel system were systematically investigated using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), powder X-ray diffraction (XRD), and Fourier-transform infrared spectra (FT-IR). The sodium carboxylates investigated include: monocarboxylate sodium acetate (NaAc), disodium tartrate (Na2tart), trisodium citrate (Na3cit), and the disodium salt of ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (Na2edta). The temperature range was from 7°C to 67°C. The crystallization temperature affects the phase compositions, the growth rate, and the morphology of CaOxa. First, the logarithm of the percentage of calcium oxalate dihydrate (COD) formed at a certain temperature (T) is proportional to the reciprocal of temperature (1/T). Second, the weight of CaOxa crystals decreases as decreasing the temperature. At a given temperature, the ability of the sodium carboxylates to induce COD follows the order: Na2edta Na3cit Na2tart NaAc. Third, the multicarboxylates can decrease the surface area of calcium oxalate monohydrate (COM). It makes the edges and tips of COM crystals blunt and oval. All the three changes, an increase of the content of COD, a decrease of the weight of CaOxa crystals, and a decrease of the surface area of COM crystals, can inhibit the formation of CaOxa stones. These results support the clinical use of citrates and may be helpful in elucidating the mechanisms of the formation of CaOxa calculus. Keywords calcium oxalate - sodium carboxylate - gel - urinary calculi - crystallization - biomineralization

关键词： calcium oxalate sodium carboxylate gel urinary calculi crystallization biomineralization

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Flavonol Glycoside from Psorospermum androsaemifofium

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Chinese Journal of Chemistry 2011年第1期29卷 85-88页

作者： Poumale, Poumale Herve Martiat Krebs, Hans Christoph Amadou, Dawe Shiono, Yoshihito Guedem, Alphonsine Nkapwa1 Komguem, Justin Ngadjui, Bonaventure Tchaleu Randrianasolo, RivoarisonI Department of Bioresource Engineering Faculty of Agriculture Yamagata University Tsuruoka Yamagata 997-8555 Japan institut fur Lebensmitteltoxikologie and Chemische Analytik Chemische Analytik and Endokrinologie Stiftung Tierurztliche Hochschule Bischofsholer Damm 15/123 D-30173 Hannover Germany Department of Organic Chemistry Faculty of Science University of Yaounde I P.O. Box 812 Yaounde Cameroon Department of Organic Chemistry Faculty of Science University of Antananarivo Madagascar P.O. Box 906 Antananarivo 101 Madagascar

A new flavonol glycoside, 3＇-（4＇＂-（3＇＂＇,4＇＂＇-dihydroxyphenoxy）-2＇＂-hydroxyphenoxy）acanthophorin B （la） to- gether with 3＇-（2＇＂,4＂＇-dihydroxyphenoxy）acanthophorin B （1）, acanthophorin B （2）, vismiaquinone （3）, rheochrysidin （3a）, lupeol acetate and fatty acid were isolated from the chloroform extract of the stem bark of Psorospermum androsaemifolium Baker （Clusiaceae）. The structure of la was determined on the basis of detailed spectroscopic analysis and comparison with the literature. Compounds la and 3a showed moderate antimicrobial activity.

关键词： Psorospermum androsaemifolium natural products flavonol glycoside clusiaceae hydrolysis acanthophorin B

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Influence of Substrate Bias Voltage on the Properties of Sputtered Aluminum-Scandium Thin Sheets

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Journal of Surface Engineered Materials and Advanced Technology 2012年第2期2卷 115-119页

作者： Julien Kovac Heinz-Rolf Stock Hans-Werner Zoch Oberflaechentechnik Stiftung Institut für Werkstofftechnik (IWT) Bremen Germany.

Thin sheets (20 μm - 30 μm) of an aluminum-scandium alloy were manufactured by magnetron sputtering with a homogeneous thickness distribution. The influence of bias voltage on the sheet properties was investigated. Steel sheets of 100 μm were employed as substrate and were coated in a dc magnetron sputtering unit fitted with a rectangular target of aluminum 2.0 w% scandium master alloy. After deposition, the substrates were dissolved in an oxidizing medium and thus freestanding aluminum-scandium thin films were obtained. The homogeneous thickness was achieved by a reciprocal movement of the substrate. The influence of a radio frequency bias voltage on the coating properties was investigated. The bias voltage resulted in an important coarsening of the columnar structure as well as an increase of the roughness and hardness. Additionally, a low bias voltage could intensively reduce the coating defect density without altering too much the sheet properties.

关键词： Aluminum-Scandium Alloy Magnetron Sputtering Freestanding Thin Films Bias Voltage

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Opportunities and challenges of clinical trials in cardiology using composite primary endpoints

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World Journal of Cardiology 2015年第1期7卷 1-5页

作者： Geraldine Rauch Bernhard Rauch Svenja Schüler Meinhard Kieser institute of Medical Biometry and Informatics University of HeidelbergD-69120 HeidelbergGermany institut für herzinfarktforschung D-67063 LudwigshafenGermany

In clinical trials, the primary efficacy endpoint often corresponds to a so-called "composite endpoint". Composite endpoints combine several events of interest within a single outcome variable. Thereby it is intended to enlarge the expected effect size and thereby increase the power of the study. However, composite endpoints also come along with serious challenges and problems. On the one hand, composite endpoints may lead to difficulties during the planning phase of a trial with respect to the sample size calculation, asthe expected clinical effect of an intervention on the composite endpoint depends on the effects on its single components and their correlations. This may lead to wrong assumptions on the sample size needed. Too optimistic assumptions on the expected effect may lead to an underpowered of the trial, whereas a too conservatively estimated effect results in an unnecessarily high sample size. On the other hand, the interpretation of composite endpoints may be difficult, as the observed effect of the composite does not necessarily reflect the effects of the single components. Therefore the demonstration of the clinical efficacy of a new intervention by exclusively evaluating the composite endpoint may be misleading. The present paper summarizes results and recommendations of the latest research addressing the above mentioned problems in the planning, analysis and interpretation of clinical trials with composite endpoints, thereby providing a practical guidance for users.

关键词： Composite endpoint Competing risks Multiple testing Time-to-event Adaptive designs

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Age-Dependency of Clinical Characteristics of Patients Participating Cardiovascular Rehabilitation Results from the German

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Open Journal of Therapy and Rehabilitation 2014年第4期2卷 207-216页

作者： Roland Nebel Michael Marx Michael Geier Brigitte Buran-Kilian Taoufik Ouarrak Manju Guha Gregor Sauer Gerd Bonner Harry Hahmann Ralf Jordan Michaela Julia Engelhard Bernhard Rauch Birna Bjarnason-Wehrens Medicos.Osnabrück GmbH OsnabruckGermany Zentrum fur Gefaßmedizin Bonn KaRO GmbH WaldbrolBonnGermany Ambulante Rehabilitation für Herzpatienten Evangelisches Krankenhaus Bergisch GladbachBergisch GladbachGermany SchwerpunktReha Ambulante kardiologische RehabilitationBonnGermany stiftung institut fur herzinfarktforschung LudwigshafenGermany Reha-Klinik am Sendesaal BremenGermany Helios Rhein Klinik DuisburgGermany Freiburg im Breisgau Germany Klinik Schwabenland IsnyGermany 1 Kardiologische Gemeinschaftspraxis an der Rheinklinik DuisburgGermany 1 Deutsche Sporthochschule Koln CologneGermany

Background: Cardiovascular rehabilitation in Germany traditionally is offered as inpatient service often located far from patient’s residence, and ambulatory rehabilitation still represents a minority. The German Registry of Ambulatory Cardiac Rehabilitation (KARREE) was designed to contribute to rehabilitation quality assurance and to evaluate clinical characteristics of patients participating in ambulatory rehabilitation centers. Methods: In four ambulatory rehabilitation centers 2989 patients were consecutively registered from 2008 to 2011 and evaluated with respect to social status, cardiovascular diagnoses and risk factors, psychological status, medication and short term clinical and social outcome. Results: Most patients referred to the ambulatory cardiac rehabilitation had an acute cardiovascular event, with patients after acute coronary syndrome representing the majority (59.9%). Female were strongly underrepresented (16.7%). Patient’s clinical characteristics varied with the age groups evaluated ( 70 years). Whereas the reported physical inactivity, overweight and cigarette smoking was declining with age, diabetes and hypertension significantly increased. furthermore the reported and evaluated psychosocial stress was declining with age. Regarding the group of patients still employed, 43.5 % were estimated as fit for work directly at the end of the rehabilitation program, whereas a stepwise reintegration into employment was performed in 16.7%. The majority of patients were transferred to ambulatory heart groups or other forms of after care for stabilizing regular physical activity. Conclusions: The large variation of the characteristics of patients participating cardiac rehabilitation underscore the need of an individualized approach for a successful implementation of secondary prevention and reintegration of these patients into their social life.

关键词： Ambulatory Cardiac Rehabilitation Cardiovascular Risk Factors Acute Coronary Syndrome

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磁控溅射Al-Zr薄膜在微拉深成形中的拉深性能(英文)

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中国有色金属学会会刊：英文版 2012年第S2期22卷 268-274页

作者： Gerrit BEHRENS Julien KOVAC Bernd KHLER Frank VOLLERTSEN Heinz-Rolf STOCK BIAS-Bremer institut für Angewandte Strahltechnik GmbH Klagenfurter Str. 2 D-28359 Bremen Germany IWT-stiftung institut für Werkstofftechnik Badgasteiner Str. 3 D-28359 Bremen Germany

拉深成形可以用来制备形状复杂的零部件,甚至可达微加工水平。采用磁控溅射方法,在基底温度分别为310K和433K下,制备了厚度约为15μm的两种不同的AlZr薄膜。将这两种薄膜做为坯料,采用冲头直径为0.75mm的微拉深设备研究其拉深性能。虽... 详细信息

拉深成形可以用来制备形状复杂的零部件,甚至可达微加工水平。采用磁控溅射方法,在基底温度分别为310K和433K下,制备了厚度约为15μm的两种不同的AlZr薄膜。将这两种薄膜做为坯料,采用冲头直径为0.75mm的微拉深设备研究其拉深性能。虽然这两种材料在拉伸试验中显示出较小的最大应变,但还是成功地实现了微拉深成形。在基底温度为310K和433K制备的两种材料的极限拉深比分别为1.8和1.7。这些结果比先前采用AlSc合金的结果要好,与采用传统轧制方法所得纯铝薄膜的拉深结果相似。结果表明,采用磁控溅射方法制备的薄膜可以用来进行微拉深成形。

关键词： Al-Zr薄膜微拉深成形成形极限磁控溅射

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