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Emission and optical characteristics of brown carbon in size-segregated particles from three types of Chinese ships

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Journal of environmental Sciences 2024年第8期142卷 248-258页

作者： Fengqin Yang Fan Zhang Zeyu Liu Yingjun Chen Yan Zhang Can Wu Yali Lei Shijie Liu Binyu Xiao Xinyi Wan Yubao Chen Yong Han Min Cui Cheng Huang Gehui Wang key Lab of Geographic Information Science of the Ministry of Education School of Geographic SciencesEast China Normal UniversityShanghai 200241China Institute of Eco-Chongming 20 Cuiniao Rd.ChongmingShanghai 202150China state environmental protection key laboratory of formation and prevention of the urban air Pollution complex Shanghai Academy of Environmental SciencesShanghai 200233China Shanghai key laboratory of Atmospheric Particle Pollution and prevention(LAP3) Department of Environmental Science and EngineeringFudan UniversityShanghai 200438China Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security Shanghai 200092China Department of Civil and environmental Engineering and state key laboratory of Marine Pollution The Hong Kong Polytechnic UniversityKowloon 100872Hong KongChina College of environmental Science and Engineering Yangzhou UniversityYangzhou 225009China

Brown carbon(BrC)is one of the important light absorption substances that have high light absorption ability under short wavelength light.However,limit studies have focused on the BrC emission from ships.In this study,size-segregated particulate matters(PM)were collected from three different types of ships,light absorption characteristics and size distribution of methanol-soluble BrC and water-soluble BrC in PM from ship exhausts were investigated.Results showed that four-stroke low-power diesel fishing boat(4-LDF)had the highest mass concentrations of methanol-soluble organic carbon(MSOC)and water-soluble organic carbon(WSOC),followed by 2-stroke high-power heavy-fuel-oil vessel(2-HHV),and fourstroke high-power marine-diesel vessel(4-HMV).While 2-HHV had obviously higher light absorption coefficients of methanol-soluble BrC(Abs365,M)and water-soluble BrC(Abs365,W)in unit weight of PM than the other two types of ships.The tested ships presented comparable or higher absorption efficiency of BrC in water extracts(MAE365,W)compared with other BrC emission sources.Majority of BrC was concentrated in fine particles,and the particle size distributions of both Abs365,Mand Abs365,Wshowed bimodal patterns,peaking at0.43–0.65μm and 4.7–5.8μm,respectively.However,different particle size distributions were found for MAE365,Mbetween diesel and heavy fuel oil ships.Besides,different wavelength dependence in particles with different size were also detected.Ship exhaust could be confirmed as a non-ignorable BrC emission source,and complex influencing factor could affect the light absorption characteristics of ship emissions.Particle size should also be considered when light absorption ability of BrC was evaluated.

关键词： Ship emission Brown carbon Light absorption Size distribution

Green manufacturing for achieving carbon neutrality goal requires innovative technologies:A bibliometric analysis from 1991 to 2022

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Journal of environmental Sciences 2024年第6期140卷 255-269页

作者： Sheng Zhang Xintian Wang Jiayu Xu Qinqin Chen Meng Peng Jiming Hao School of Environment Tsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China School of Environment&Natural Resources Renmin University of ChinaBeijing 100872China state environmental protection key laboratory of Sources and Control of air Pollution complex Beijing 100084China

Recent years have seen a significant increase in interest in green manufacturing as a key driver of global carbon-neutral efforts and sustainable development.To find the research hotspots of green manufacturing and reveal future research trends,this study reviewed and analyzed research articles from the Web of Science database on green manufacturing from1991 to 2022 using a bibliometric method.The findings indicate a significant rise in the number of articles related to green manufacturing since the 2010s.Moreover,there has been an increase in the involvement of scholars from developing countries such as China and India in this field.Based on the literature review and bibliometric cluster analysis on green manufacturing,we believed that future research may continue following the lines of intelligent technology integration,adoption of frontier engineering techniques,and industry development in line with carbon reduction targets.A framework for future green manufacturing development is proposed,with a focus on Chinese policies.The framework could provide policy implications for developing countries looking to pursue opportunities for development in green manufacturing.

关键词： Green manufacturing Carbon neutrality Sustainable development Innovative technologies China

Source apportionment and suitability evaluation of seasonal VOCs contaminants in the soil around a typical refining-chemical integration park in China

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Journal of environmental Sciences 2024年第3期137卷 651-663页

作者： Xu Zhao Jing Meng Qianqian Li Guijin Su Qifan Zhang Bin Shi Lingwen Dai Yong Yu key laboratory of environmental Nanotechnology and Health Effects State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and EcotoxicologyResearch Center for Eco-Environmental SciencesChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100085China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China state environmental protection key laboratory of Quality Control in environmental Monitoring China National Environmental Monitoring CenterBeijing 100012China

Accurate source apportionment of volatile organic compounds(VOCs)in soil nearby petrochemical industries prevailing globally,is critical for preventing pollution.However,in the process,seasonal effect on contamination pathways and accumulation of soil VOCs is often neglected.Herein,Yanshan Refining-Chemical Integration Park,including a carpet,refining,synthetic rubber,and two synthetic resin zones,was selected for traceability.Season variations resulted in a gradual decrease of 31 VOCs in soil from winter to summer.A method of dry deposition resistance model coupling partitioning coefficient model was created,revealing that dry deposition by gas phase was the primary pathway for VOCs to enter soil in winter and spring,with 100 times higher fux than by particle phase.Source profiles for five zones were built by gas sampling with distinct substance indicators screened,which were used for positive matrix factorization factors determination.Contributions of the five zones were 14.9%,20.8%,13.6%,22.1%,and 28.6%in winter and 33.4%,12.5%,10.7%,24.9%,and 18.5%in spring,respectively.The variation in the soil sorption capacity of VOCs causes inter-seasonal differences in contribution.The better correlation between dry deposition capacity and soil storage of VOCs made root mean square and mean absolute errors decrease averagely by 8.8%and 5.5%in winter compared to spring.This study provides new perspectives and methods for the source apportionment of soil VOCs contamination in industrial sites.

关键词： Dry deposition resistance model Positive matrix factorization model Partitioning coefficient model Contamination pathway Source profile

A probe into the acid deposition mitigation path in China over the last four decades and beyond

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National Science Review 2024年第4期11卷 84-92页

作者： Qian Yu Xiaodong Ge Haotian Zheng Jia Xing Lei Duan Dongwei Lv Dian Ding Zhaoxin Dong Yisheng Sun Posch Maximilian Danni Xie Yu Zhao Bin Zhao Shuxiao Wang Jan Mulder Thorj?rn Larssen Jiming Hao state key laboratory of environmental Simulation and Pollution Control School of EnvironmentTsinghua University state key laboratory of Pollution Control &Resource Reuse and School of the Environment Nanjing University state environmental protection key laboratory of Sources and Control of air Pollution complex School of EnvironmentTsinghua University International Institute for Applied System Analysis(IIASA) School of Land Engineering Chang'an University Faculty of environmental Sciences and Natural Resource Management Norwegian University of Life Sciences Norwegian Institute for Water Research

China currently has the highest acid deposition globally, yet research on its status, impacts, causes and controls is lacking. Here, we compiled data and calculated critical loads regarding acid deposition. The results showed that the abatement measures in China have achieved a sharp decline in the emissions of acidifying pollutants and a continuous recovery of precipitation p H, despite the drastic growth in the economy and energy consumption. However, the risk of ecological acidification and eutrophication showed no significant decrease. With similar emission reductions, the decline in areas at risk of acidification in China(7.0%) lags behind those in Europe(20%) or the USA(15%). This was because, unlike Europe and the USA, China's abatement strategies primarily target air quality improvement rather than mitigating ecological impacts. Given that the area with the risk of eutrophication induced by nitrogen deposition remained at 13%of the country even under the scenario of achieving the dual targets of air quality and carbon dioxide mitigation in 2035, we explored an enhanced ammonia abatement pathway. With a further 27% reduction in ammonia by 2035, China could largely eliminate the impacts of acid deposition. This research serves as a valuable reference for China's future acid deposition control and for other nations facing similar challenges.

关键词： acid deposition critical loads acidification eutrophication ammonia abatement

A global perspective on microbial risk factors in effluents of wastewater treatment plants

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Journal of environmental Sciences 2024年第4期138卷 227-235页

作者： Kejing Chen Jinsong Liang Yuhan Wang Yechen Tao Yun Lu Aijie Wang School of Civil and environmental Engineering Harbin Institute of TechnologyShenzhen 518055China Shenzhen Guohuan environmental protection Technology Development Co. LTD.Shenzhen 518055China state key Joint laboratory of environmental Simulation and Pollution Control State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Microorganism Application and Risk ControlSchool of EnvironmentTsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China

Effective monitoring and management of microbial risk factors in wastewater treatment plants(WWTPs)effluents require a comprehensive investigation of these risks.A global survey on microbial risk factors in WWTP effluents could reveal important insights into their risk features.This study aims to explore the abundance and types of antibiotic resistance genes(ARGs),virulence factor genes(VFGs),the vector of ARG/VFG,and dominant pathogens in global WWTP effluents.We collected 113 metagenomes of WWTP effluents from the Sequence Read Archive of the National Center for Biotechnology Information and characterized the microbial risk factors.Our results showed that multidrug resistance was the dominant ARG type,while offensive virulence factors were the most abundant type of VFGs.The most dominant types of ARGs in the vector of plasmid and phage were both aminoglycoside resistance,which is concerning as aminoglycosides are often a last resort for treating multi-resistant infections.Acinetobacter baumannii was the most dominant pathogen,rather than Escherichia coli,and a weak negative correlation between Escherichia coli and two other dominant pathogens(Acinetobacter baumannii and Bacteroides uniformis)suggests that using Escherichia coli as a biological indicator for all pathogens in WWTP effluents may not be appropriate.The Getah virus was the most dominant virus found in global WWTP effluents.Our study presents a comprehensive global-scale investigation of microbial risk factors in WWTP effluents,providing valuable insights into the potential risks associated with WWTP effluents and contributing to the monitoring and control of these risks.

关键词： Wastewater treatment plant Microbial risk factor Effluent Pathogen Antibiotic resistance gene Virulence factor gene

Field-based evidence for the enrichment of intrinsic antibiotic resistome stimulated by plant-derived fertilizer in agricultural soil

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Journal of environmental Sciences 2024年第1期135卷 728-740页

作者： Shihai Liu Ziming Han Dong Zhu Xiao Luan Liujie Deng Liping Dong Min Yang Yu Zhang state key laboratory of environmental Aquatic Chemistry Research Center for Eco-Environmental SciencesChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100085China state key laboratory of urban and Regional Ecology Research Center for Eco-Environmental SciencesChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100085China state environmental protection Engineering Center for Harmless Treatment and Resource Utilization of Antibiotic Residues Khorgos 835007China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China

Animal manures have been demonstrated to enhance antibiotic resistance in agricultural soils.However,little is known about the effects of plant-derived fertilizer on soil antibiotic resistome.Herein,metagenomic sequencing was used to investigate the effects of a plantderived fertilizer processed from sugarcane and beet on soil antibiotic resistance genes(ARGs)in a soybean field along crop growth stages.ARG profiles in the soils amended by plant-derived fertilizer were compared with those in the soils amended by chicken manure.The abundance and diversity of total ARGs in the soils amended by plant-derived fertilizer were significantly(P<0.05)elevated at the sprout stage,to a level comparable to that in the manured soils.Whereas,unlike chicken manure mainly introducing manure-borne ARGs to soil,the plant-derived fertilizer was indicated to mainly enrich multidrug resistance genes in soil by nourishing indigenous bacteria.ARGs with abundances in amended soils significantly(P<0.05)higher than in unamended soils at the sprout stage of soybean were considered as enriched ARGs.Decrease in the abundance of the enriched ARGs was observed in both the amended soils from the sprout to the harvest.Network analysis further identified Proteobacteria and Bacteroidetes as the primary bacterial taxa involved in the temporal variation of the enriched ARGs in the soils amended by plant-derived fertilizer,while in manured soils were Firmicutes and Actinobacteria.As revealed by multivariate statistical analyses,variation of the enriched ARGs in the soils amended by plant-derived fertilizer was majorly attributed to the response of co-occurred bacteria to depleting nutrients,which was different from the failed establishment of manure-borne bacteria in the manured soils.Our study provided field-based evidence that plant-derived fertilizer stimulated the intrinsic antibiotic resistome,and proposed attention to the un-perceived risk since some clinically relevant ARGs originate and evolve from natural resistome.

关键词： Organic fertilizer Intrinsic antibiotic resistance Indigenous bacteria Metagenomic sequencing

Optimal mining sequence for coal faces under a bedding slope:insight from landslide prevention

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Journal of Mountain Science 2024年第5期21卷 1775-1798页

作者： LI Qingmiao ZHAO Jianjun LI Zhichao DENG Jie ZUO Jing LAI Qiyi state key laboratory of Geohazard prevention and Geoenvironment protection Chengdu University of TechnologyChengdu 610059China

Repetitive mining beneath bedding slopes is identified as a critical factor in geomorphic disturbances, especially landslides and surface subsidence. Prior research has largely concentrated on surface deformation in plains due to multi-seam coal mining and the instability of natural bedding slopes, yet the cumulative impact of different mining sequences on bedding slopes has been less explored. This study combines drone surveys and geological data to construct a comprehensive three-dimensional model of bedding slopes. Utilizing FLAC3D and PFC2D models, derived from laboratory experiments, it simulates stress, deformation, and failure dynamics of slopes under various mining sequences. Incorporating fractal dimension analysis, the research evaluates the stability of slopes in relation to different mining sequences. The findings reveal that mining in an upslope direction minimizes disruption to overlying strata. Initiating extraction from lower segments increases tensile-shear stress in coal pillar overburdens, resulting in greater creep deformation towards the downslope than when starting from upper segments, potentially leading to localized landslides and widespread creep deformation in mined-out areas. The downslope upward mining sequence exhibits the least fractal dimensions, indicating minimal disturbance to both strata and surface. While all five mining scenarios maintain good slope stability under normal conditions, recalibrated stability assessments based on fractal dimensions suggest that downslope upward mining offers the highest stability under rainfall, contrasting with the lower stability and potential instability risks of upslope downward mining. These insights are pivotal for mining operations and geological hazard mitigation in multi-seam coal exploitation on bedding slopes.

关键词： Bedding rock landslides Mining-induced deformation Bedding slope stability Underground mining sequences Fractal-based strength reduction method

Effects of acid deposition control in China:a review based on responses of subtropical forests

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Frontiers of environmental Science & Engineering 2024年第6期18卷 115-126页

作者： Danni Xie Xiaodong Ge Lei Duan Jan Mulder School of Land Engineering Chang’an UniversityXi’an 710064China state key laboratory of environmental Simulation and Pollution Control School of EnvironmentTsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China state environmental protection key laboratory of Sources and Control of air Pollution complex Beijing 100084China Faculty of environmental Sciences and Natural Resource Management Norwegian University of Life SciencesBox 5003NO-1432ÅsNorway

For many decades,acid deposition used to pose a significant regional air pollution challenge in China.After substantial emission control of anthropogenically derived sulfur and nitrogen containing gasses,both sulfur and nitrogen deposition,as well as the acid rain-affected area,have significantly decreased compared to their peak levels.Forests,particularly in the humid subtropics,are sensitive to acid deposition,as evidenced by soil acidification,sulfate and nitrate leaching in stream water,and elevated soil nitrous oxide emission.Reduction in the total deposition of sulfur and nitrogen,caused a significant decline in sulfate and nitrate leaching from subtropical forest and subsequently in sulfate and nitrate concentrations in stream water,although there was about a 5-year delay.This delay may be attributed to the desorption of accumulated sulfate and continued elevated mineralization of accumulated nitrogen pools.Emissions of nitrous oxide,a potent greenhouse gas,also declined in nitrogen-saturated subtropical forest soils,as soil water nitrate concentration decreased.Therefore,subtropical forests in China suffering from elevated acid deposition have begun to recover.Yet,the current levels of sulfur and nitrogen deposition continue to exceed the critical loads,i.e.,the assigned threshold levels in accordance with emission control policies,in more than 10%of the country’s land area,respectively,indicating remaining risks of acidification and eutrophication.Thus,further emission reductions are urgently needed,also because they will help achieving goals related to air quality and nitrous oxide emissions.

关键词： Acidification Critical load Nitrous oxide Surface water chemistry Recovery

Multi-endpoint assays reveal more severe toxicity induced by chloraminated effluent organic matter than chloraminated natural organic matter

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Journal of environmental Sciences 2024年第1期135卷 310-317页

作者： Hai-Yan Wang De-Xiu Wu Ye Du Xiao-Tong Lv Qian-Yuan Wu state key laboratory of environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment Chinese Research Academy of Environmental SciencesBeijing 100012China environmental protection key laboratory of Microorganism Application and Risk Control Guangdong Provincial Engineering Research Center for Urban Water Recycling and Environmental SafetyTsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate SchoolTsinghua UniversityShenzhen 518055China College of Architecture and Environment Sichuan UniversityChengdu 610000China

Disinfection by chloramination produces toxic byproducts and the difference in toxicity of reclaimed and drinking water treated by chloramination remains unclear.This study investigated cytotoxic effects at the same concentrations of dissolved organic matter and showed that chloraminated effluent organic matter(EfOM)induced 1.7 times higher cytotoxicity than chloraminated natural organic matter(NOM)applied to simulate drinking water.Chloraminated EfOM induced more reactive nitrogen species than chloraminated NOM,and chloraminated EfOM and NOM induced similar and higher levels of reactive oxygen species than the negative control,respectively.Consequently,intracellular macromolecule damage indicated by DNA/RNA damage marker 8–hydroxy-(deoxy)guanosine and the intracellular protein carbonyl concentration induced by chloraminated EfOM was higher and slightly more than that induced by chloraminated NOM,respectively.These data were consistent with the effects on cell physiological processes.Cell cycle arrest mainly occurred in G2 phase by chloraminated EfOM and NOM.Early apoptotic cells,which could return to normal,increased upon exposure to high concentrations of chloraminated EfOM and NOM.Moreover,necrotic cells were significantly increased from 0.5%to 2.5%when the concentration increased from 20-to 60-fold chloraminated EfOM,but were not obviously changed by chloraminated NOM.These results indicated that the comprehensive intracellular changes induced by toxic substances in chloraminated EfOM were more irreversible and induced more cell death than chloraminated NOM.

关键词： Cytotoxicity Intracellular active nitrogen/oxygen Intracellular oxidative damage Cell necrosis Reclaimed water