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A new perspective on ecological vulnerability and its transformation mechanisms

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Ecosystem Health and Sustainability 2022年第1期8卷 166-180页

作者： Kang Hou Wendong Tao Dan He Xuxiang Li School of environmental and Chemical Engineering Xi’an Polytechnic UniversityXi’anShaanxiChina college of environmental science and forestry State University of New YorkSyracuseNYUSA School of Human Settlements and Civil Engineering Xi’an Jiao tong UniversityXi’anChina

Ecological vulnerability refers to the degree of ecosystem disturbance,system damage,and the ability of system *** case-specific evaluations of ecological vulnerability are progressing rapidly,they have been carried out mainly in areas with intensive human activities or in harsh natural *** the Web of scienceTM core collection,this review paper summarized studies on ecological vulnerability published from 2000 to 2022 and analyzed in depth major case *** was found that traditional ecological vulnerability research has been addressed largely in terms of assessment models,data processing models,and analysis of influencing factors,however there was a lack of research on the process of vulnerability *** the vulnerability transformation in a hierarchical vulnerability index system is regulated by multiple factors in a heterogeneous region,it is urgent to understand how the ecological vulnerability in a region evolves from one level to another over *** this paper put forward the new perspective of research,i.e.,applying quantitative analysis to identification of regulating factors and exploring the mechanisms of ecological vulnerability *** new perspective could assist in monitoring the complex spatiotemporal changes in ecological vulnerability and taking necessary measures to prevent from decline of ecological stability.

关键词： Data processing model ecological vulnerability assessment ecological vulnerability index regulating factor transformation mechanism

Increased Benthic Algal Primary Production in Response to the Invasive Zebra Mussel (Dreissena polymorpha) in a Productive Ecosystem,Oneida Lake,new york

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Journal of Integrative Plant Biology 2008年第11期50卷 1452-1466页

作者： Rebecca K.Cecala Christine M.Mayer Kimberly L.Schulz Edward L.Mills Biology Department Syracuse University Biology Deptartment Department of environmental sciences and Lake Erie Center University of Toledo state university of new york School of Environmental Science and Forestry Cornell Biological Field Station and Department of Natural Resources Cornell University

Increased water clarity associated with zebra mussel （Dreissena polymorpha） populations may favor benthic algal primary production in freshwater systems previously dominated by pelagic phytoplankton production. While zebra mussel-mediated water clarity effects on benthic primary production have been implicated in published reports, few production estimates are available. This study estimates benthic primary production in Oneida Lake, NY before and after zebra mussel invasion （1992）, using measured photosynthetic parameters （P^Bmax, α^β and β） from sampled benthic algal communities. In the summers of 2003 and 2004, primary production was measured as O2 evolution from algal communities on hard （cobble） and soft （sediment） substrate from several depths. We also backcast estimates of benthic primary production from measurements of light penetration since 1975. Estimates of whole-lake epipelic and epilithic algal primary production showed a significant （4%） increase and exhibited significantly less interannual variability subsequent to the establishment of zebra mussels. We applied our model to two lakes of differing trophic status; the model significantly overestimated benthic primary production in a hypereutrophic lake, but there was no significant difference between the actual and predicted primary production values in the oligotrophic lake. The hypereutrophic lake had higher zebra mussel densities than Oneida （224 vs. 41 per sample respectively）. Though total community respiration （measured in total darkness） was factored into our model predictions of production, our model may need modification when heterotrophic respiration is a large portion of total community metabolism.

关键词： Dreissena ecosystem engineering nonindigenous species Oneida Lake periphyton primary production.

Response of soil respiration to a severe drought in Chinese Eucalyptus plantations

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Journal of forestry Research 2017年第4期28卷 841-847页

作者： Shaojun Wang Hong Wang Department of environmental science and Engineering Southwest Forestry University Co-Innovation Center for Sustainable forestry in Southern China College of Biology and the Environment Nanjing Forestry University

Extreme droughts can adversely affect the dynamics of soil respiration in tree plantations. We used a severe drought in southwestern China as a case study to estimate the effects of drought on temporal variations in soil respiration in a plantation of Eucalyptus globulus. We documented a clear seasonal pattern in soil respiration with the highest values (100.9 mg C-CO2 m(-2) h(-1)) recorded in June and the lowest values (28.7 mg C-CO2 m(-2) h(-1)) in January. The variation in soil respiration was closely associated with the dynamics of soil water driven by the drought. Soil respiration was nearly twice as great in the wet seasons as in the dry seasons. Soil water content accounted for 83-91% of variation in soil respiration, while a combined soil water and soil temperature model explained 90-99% of the variation in soil respiration. Soil water had pronounced effects on soil respiration at the moisture threshold of 6-10%. Soil water was strongly related to changes in soil parameters (i.e., bulk density, pH, soil organic carbon, and available nitrogen). These strongly influenced seasonal variation in soil respiration. We found that soil respiration was strongly suppressed by severe drought. Drought resulted in a shortage of soil water which reduced formation of soil organic carbon, impacted soil acid-base properties and soil texture, and affected soil nutrient availability.

关键词： Drought Eucalyptus globulus Global change Soil respiration

Identifying the key N species for electrocatalytic oxygen reduction reaction on N-doped graphene

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Nano Research 2023年第5期16卷 6642-6651页

作者： Yiyin Peng Zhaoyong Bian Wenhai Zhang Hui Wang college of Water sciences Beijing Normal UniversityBeijing 100875China college of environmental science and Engineering Beijing Forestry UniversityBeijing 100083China

The state of nitrogen in nitrogen-doped graphene(NG)promoting the conversion of molecular oxygen to hydrogen peroxide was *** oxygen reduction reaction(ORR)reactivity of graphitic-N,pyrrolic-N,pyridinic-N in NG was predicted by density functional theory(DFT).A series of NG samples with different contents of these doped nitrogen types were prepared by the low-temperature thermal reduction method and used for the ORR *** H_(2)O_(2)yield,2e−ORR current efficiency,H_(2)O_(2)selectivity,electron transfer number(n)were systematically *** 2e−ORR selectivity was positively correlated with the N content,approaching 100%with increasing N content(0.40 V *** hydrogen electrode(RHE)),whereas the comparative energy efficiency showed a volcano-type trend related to N content,reaching a maximum of 94%.In addition,N species validation experiments proved the key role of pyrrolic-N in the synthesis of H_(2)O_(2).Compared with a pure graphene catalyst,further contaminant degradation studies on NG electrodes with different pyrrolic-N contents revealed that the lower pyrrolic-N the higher removal of p-nitrophenol(PNP).This work provides insight into the mechanism of ORR on metal-free catalysts and a facile approach to optimize this important environmental catalytic strategy.

关键词： oxygen reduction electrocatalysis nitrogen-doped graphene environmental remediation

Removal of Pb(Ⅱ) from aqueous solution by hydrous manganese dioxide:Adsorption behavior and mechanism

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Journal of environmental sciences 2013年第3期25卷 479-486页

作者： Meng Xu Hongjie Wang Di Lei Dan Qu Yujia Zhai Yili Wang college of environmental science and Engineering Beijing Forestry University Beijing Key Lab for Source Control Technology of Water Pollution

Hydrous manganese dioxide （HMO） synthesized by redox of potassium permanganate and hydrogen peroxide was used as an adsorbent for Pb（Ⅱ） *** specific surface area,pore volume and BJH pore diameter of the HMO were 79.31m2/g,0.07cm3/g and 3.38 nm,*** adsorption equilibrium at 298K could be well described by the Langmuir isotherm equation with q max value of 352.55mg/*** negative values of G and the positive values of H and S indicated the adsorption process was spontaneous and *** pseudo second-order equation could best fit the adsorption *** value of the calculated activation energy for Pb（Ⅱ） adsorption onto the HMO was 38.23 kJ/*** uptake of Pb（Ⅱ） by HMO was correlated with increasing surface hydroxyl group content and the main adsorbed speciation was PbOH＋.The final chemical state of Pb（Ⅱ） on the surface of HMO was similar to *** was a promising candidate for Pb（Ⅱ） removal from aqueous solution.

关键词： adsorption mechanism heavy metal manganese dioxide

Increased biotic metabolism of the biosphere inferred from observed data and models

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science China Chemistry 2000年第1期43卷 58-68页

作者：田汉勤 CharlesA.S.Hall 叶琦 The Ecosystems Center Marine Biological Laboratory Woods Hole MA 02543 USA college of environmental sciences and forestry State University of New York Syracuse NY 13210 USA Department of environmental science Policy and Management University of California Berkeley CA 94720 USA

A 35 year record of production and respiration in the Northern Hemisphere bas been derived from monthly records of atmospheric concentration, fossil fuel combustion, and oceanic absorption of carbon dioxide using a method developed by Hall et al. The original conclusion of Hall et al. that there was no significant change in biotic metabolism, is confirmed by measuring both production and respiration from 1958 to 1972. But the analysis of the subsequent record shows that both production and respiration have been enhanced since the early 1970s by some large scale global change, probably of human origin. Our results also show that high-latitude regions in the Northern Hemisphere are changing more than regions further south. Nevertheless, the ratio of production to respiration (P/R) remains unchanged during the time period examined. Thus, no argument can be made for net carbon storage of or release from the biosphere from this analysis, although the turnover rate of the biosphere appears to be enhanced.

关键词： biosphere carbon dioxide carbon cycle global change photosynthesis respiration seasonal amplitude.

Biosorption of cadmium(Ⅱ) from aqueous solutions by industrial fungus Rhizopus cohnii

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Transactions of Nonferrous Metals Society of China 2010年第6期20卷 1104-1111页

作者：罗金明肖潇罗胜联 Faculty of Life science and Technology Central South University of Forestry and Technology college of environmental science and Engineering Hunan University Key Laboratory of environmental Biology and Pollution Control of Ministry of Education Hunan University state Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics Hunan University

An important filamentous industrial fungus,Rhizopus cohnii(***),was used as an efficient biosorbent for removing cadmium from *** sorption conditions,such as pH,the dose of biomass and the initial concentration of cadmium were *** kinds of adsorption models were applied to simulate the biosorption *** uptake of cadmium was higher in weak acid condition than in strong acid *** no sorption of cadmium occurred when the pH value was lower than 2.0. Biosorption isothermal data could be well simulated by both Langmuir and Freundlich *** simulation of the biosorption showed that the maximum uptake of cadmium was 40.5 mg/g(0.36 mmol/g)in the optimal conditions,which was higher than many other adsorbents,including biosorbents and activated *** addition,the reusability results showed that after five times of sorption and desorption process,the sorption capacity of *** could still maintain nearly 80%,confirming its practical application in cadmium *** transform infrared spectrum revealed that carboxyl,amino and hydroxyl groups on biosorbent *** surface were responsible for the biosorption of cadmium.

关键词： biosorption Rhizopus cohnii biosorbent cadmium

A critical review of on-site inorganic arsenic screening methods

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Journal of environmental sciences 2023年第3期125卷 453-469页

作者： Yi He Jingyu Liu Yanhua Duan Xiaofei Yuan Lulu Ma Ratan Dhar Yan Zheng Department of sciences John Jay College and the Graduate CenterThe City University of New YorkNY 10019USA state environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Integrated Surface Water-Groundwater Pollution Control School of Environmental Science and EngineeringSouthern University of Science and TechnologyShenzhen 518055China Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Soil and Groundwater Pollution Control School of Environmental Science and EngineeringSouthern University of Science and TechnologyShenzhen 518055China Queensland Alliance for environmental Health sciences(QAEHS) The University of QueenslandQLD 4102Australia Department of Earth and Physical sciences York CollegeThe City University of New YorkNY 11451USA

Approximately 94 to 220 million people worldwide are at risk of drinking well water containing arsenic > 10 μg/L, the WHO guideline value. To identify non-compliant domestic wells, assess health risks and reduce exposure, accurate and rapid on-site inorganic arsenic screening methods are desirable because all domestic wells worldwide need to be ***, the principles, advantages and limitations of commonly used colorimetry, electrochemistry, and biosensing methods are critically reviewed, with the performance compared with laboratory-based benchmark methods. Most commercial kits are based on the classic Gutzeit reaction. Despite being semi-quantitative, the more recent and more expensive products display improved and acceptable accuracy and shorter testing time (~10 min). Carried out by trained professionals, electrochemical methods are also feasible for on-site analysis, although miniaturization is desirable yet challenging. Biosensing using whole bacterial cells or bio-engineered materials such as aptamers is promising, if incorporated with function specific nanomaterials and biomaterials. Since arsenic is frequently found as arsenite in reducing groundwater and subject to oxidation during sampling, transportation and storage, on-site separation and sample preservation are feasible but the specific methods should be chosen based on sample matrix and tested before use. To eliminate arsenic exposure among hundreds of millions of mostly rural residents worldwide, we call for concerted efforts in research community and regulatory authority to develop accurate, rapid, and affordable tests for on-site screening and monitoring of arsenic in drinking water. Access to affordable testing will benefit people who are socioeconomically disadvantaged.

关键词： Inorganic arsenic On-site analysis Drinking water Groundwater Field test

Urban Growth Prediction: A Review of Computational Models and Human Perceptions

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Journal of Geographic Information System 2012年第6期4卷 555-587页

作者： Dimitrios Triantakonstantis Giorgos Mountrakis state university of new york college of environmental science and forestry Syracuse USA

Human population continues to aggregate in urban centers. This inevitably increases the urban footprint with significant consequences for biodiversity, climate, and environmental resources. Urban growth prediction models have been extensively studied with the overarching goal to assist in sustainable management of urban centers. Despite the extensive body of research, these models are not frequently included in the decision making process. This review aims on bringing this gap by analyzing results from a survey investigating developer and user perceptions from the modeling and planning communities, respectively. An overview of existing models, including advantages and limitations, is also provided. A total of 156 manuscripts is identified. Analysis of aggregated statistics indicates that cellular automata are the prevailing modeling technique, present in the majority of published works. There is also a strong preference for local or regional studies, a choice possibly related to data availability. The survey found a strong recognition of the models’ potential in decision making, but also limited agreement that these models actually reach that potential in practice. Collaboration between planning and modeling communities is deemed essential for transitioning models into practice. Data availability is considered a stronger restraining factor by respondents with limited algorithmic experience, which may indicate that model input data are becoming more specialized, thus significantly limiting wide-spread applicability. This review assesses developer and user perceptions and critically discusses existing urban growth prediction models, acting as a reference for future model development. Specific guidelines are provided to facilitate transition of this relatively mature science into decision making

关键词： Urban Models Urbanization Prediction Survey GIS Modeling Urban Planning