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Using Natural Radionuclides to Trace Sources of Suspended Particles in the Lower Reaches of the Yellow River

Journal of Ocean University of China 2024年第1期23卷 99-108页

作者： ZHANG Han BURNETT CWilliam ZHANG Xiaojie ZHAO Shibin YANG Disong NAN Haiming YU Zhigang XU Bochao Frontiers Science Center for Deep Ocean Multispheres and Earth System and Key Laboratory of Marine Chemistry Theory and TechnologyMinistry of EducationOcean University of ChinaQingdao 266100China laboratory for Marine Ecology and environmental Science Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and TechnologyQingdao 266071China College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Ocean University of ChinaQingdao 266100China Department of Earth Ocean and Atmospheric ScienceFlorida State UniversityTallahasseeFL 32306USA North China Sea environmental Monitoring Center State Oceanic AdministrationKey Laboratory of Ecological Prewarning and Protection of Bohai SeaMNRQingdao 266033China Shandong Provincial key laboratory of Marine ecological environment and Disaster Prevention and Mitigation Qingdao 266033China

Natural radionuclides are powerful tools for understanding the sources and fate of suspended particulate matter(SPM).Particulate matter with different particle sizes behaves differently with respect to adsorption and desorption.We analyzed the activi-ties and distribution characteristics of multiple natural radionuclides(238U,226Ra,40K,228Ra,7Be and 210Pbex)on size-fractionated SPM at the Lijin Hydrographic Station(Huanghe or Yellow River)every month over a one-year period.Results showed that medium silt(16–32µm)was the main component.As expected,the activity of each radionuclide decreased with an increase of particle size.We examined the sources of SPM with different particle sizes using activity ratios of 226Ra/238U,228Ra/226Ra,40K/238U and 7Be/210Pbex,and concluded that SPM with different particle sizes originated from different sources.Our results indicate that fine SPM(32µm)was mainly derived from resuspension of riverbed sediment.During high runoff periods,the concentration of SPM increased significantly,and the pro-portion of fine particles originating upstream increased.Naturally occurring radioactive isotopes,especially on size-fractionated par-ticles,are therefore seen as useful tracers to understand the sources and behaviors of riverine particles transported from land to sea.

关键词： the Yellow River suspended particulate matter size-fractions radionuclides sediment sources water elutriator

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Characterization and prediction of tailpipe ammonia emissions from in-use China 5/6 light-duty gasoline vehicles

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Frontiers of environmental Science & Engineering 2024年第1期18卷 71-81页

作者： Lewei Zeng Fengbin Wang Shupei Xiao Xuan Zheng Xintong Li Qiyuan Xie Xiaoyang Yu Cheng Huang Qingyao Hu Yan You Ye Wu College of Chemistry and environmental Engineering Shenzhen UniversityShenzhen 518060China state key laboratory of Engines Tianjin UniversityTianjin 300072China China Automotive Technology and Research Center Co.Ltd. Tianjin 300300China CATARC Automotive Test Center(Guangzhou)Co.Ltd. Guangzhou 511300China state environmental Protection key laboratory of Cause and Prevention of Urban Air Pollution Complex Shanghai Academy of Environmental SciencesShanghai 200233China National Observation and Research Station of coastal ecological environments in Macao Macao Environmental Research InstituteMacao University of Science and TechnologyMacao SAR 999078China School of environment State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution ControlTsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China

On-road tailpipe ammonia (NH3) emissions contribute to urban secondary organic aerosol formation and have direct or indirect adverse impacts on the environment and human health. To understand the tailpipe NH3 emission characteristics, we performed comprehensive chassis dynamometer measurements of NH3 emission from two China 5 and two China 6 light-duty gasoline vehicles (LDGVs) equipped with three-way catalytic converters (TWCs). The results showed that the distance-based emission factors (EFs) were 12.72 ± 2.68 and 3.18 ± 1.37 mg/km for China 5 and China 6 LDGVs, respectively. Upgrades in emission standards were associated with a reduction in tailpipe NH3 emission. In addition, high NH3 EFs were observed during the engine warm-up period in cold-start cases owing to the intensive emissions of incomplete combustion products and suitable catalytic temperature in the TWCs. Notably, based on the instantaneous NH3 emission rate, distinct NH3–emitting events were detected under high/extra high velocity or rapid acceleration. Furthermore, NH3 emission rates correlated well with engine speed, vehicle specific power, and modified combustion efficiency, which were more easily accessible. These strong correlations were applied to reproduce NH3 emissions from China 5/6 LDGVs. The predicted NH3 EFs under different dynamometer and real-world cycles agreed well with existing measurement and prediction results, revealing that the NH3 EFs of LDGVs in urban routes were within 8.55–11.62 mg/km. The results presented here substantially contribute to improving the NH3 emission inventory for LDGVs and predicting on-road NH3 emissions in China.

关键词： NH3 instantaneous emissions Catalytic temperature Vehicle specific power Combustion efficiency Emission prediction

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Impacts of Water-Sediment Regulation Scheme on Chromophoric Dissolved Organic Matter in the Lower Yellow River

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Journal of Ocean University of China 2024年第2期23卷 455-466页

作者： LIU Xiao JIANG Xueyan LIU Qian SUI Juanjuan ZOU Li key laboratory of Marine Chemistry Theory and Technology of Ministry of Education Ocean University of ChinaQingdao 266100China College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Ocean University of ChinaQingdao 266100China School of Earth Sciences University of BristolBristolBS81RJUK North China Sea environmental Monitoring Center State Oceanic AdministrationQingdao 266033China key laboratory of ecological Prewarning Protection and Restoration of Bohai SeaMinistry of Natural ResourcesQingdao 266033China key laboratory of Marine environment and Ecology of Ministry of Education Ocean University of ChinaQingdao 266100China College of environmental Science and Engineering Ocean University of ChinaQingdao 266100China

As a river with more than 3000 reservoirs in its watershed,the Yellow River has been affected by dams not only on the sediment load,but also on the water quality.Water-sediment regulation scheme(WSRS),which has been carried out annually in the Yellow River since 2002,is a typical human activity affecting river water quality.Chromophoric dissolved organic matter(CDOM)in river is susceptible to changes in ecological and environmental conditions as well as human activities.Here,we report variations in dissolved organic carbon concentrations,compositions and sources of CDOM in time series samples in the lower Yellow River during WSRS.In addition,a parallel factor fluorescence analysis(PARAFAC)method is applied to identify different fluorescent components in water samples during WRSR,showing four major components including tryptophan-like component(C1),microbial humic-like component(C2),terrestrial humic-like component(C3)and tyrosine-like component(C4).In general,C1 increased after water regulation,while C2 and C3 increased after sediment regulation,indicating that the water and sediment released by the dam have different effects on CDOM compositions.Under the impacts of the dam,source of CDOM in the lower Yellow River is mainly autochthonous related to microbial activities,and is regulated by the terrestrial input during WSRS period.Sediment resuspension inhibits microbial activities and reduces the production of autochthonous CDOM.Overall,human activities especially WSRS,as exemplified here,significantly alter the quality and quantity of CDOM in the lower Yellow River,affecting CDOM dynamics and biogeochemical processes in the estuarine environment.

关键词： chromophoric dissolved organic matter(CDOM) water-sediment regulation scheme(WSRS) Yellow River optical properties

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Geographical features and development models of estuarine cities

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Journal of Geographical Sciences 2024年第1期34卷 25-40页

作者： CHEN Mingxing XIAN Yue HUANG Yaohuan SUN Zhigang WU Chengbin key laboratory of Regional Sustainable Development Modeling Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources ResearchCASBeijing 100101China College of Resource and environment University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBejing 100049China state key laboratory of Resources and environmental Information System Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources ResearchCASBeijing 100101China key laboratory of Ecosystem Network Observation and Modeling Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources ResearchCASBeijing 100101China Zhongke Shandong Dongying Institute of Geography Dongying 257509ShandongChina CAs Engineering laboratory for Yellow River Delta Modern Agriculture Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources ResearchCASBeijing 100101China

Cities are the key areas for human beings to achieve sustainable development goals in the future.Estuarine cities are a special type of coastal city in urgent need of a clear definition.This paper proposed that estuarine cities are cities developed on the coast where rivers and oceans meet and defined four connotations,including the intersection of rivers and marine water systems,the coordinated development of land and oceans,the location advantages of connecting rivers and seas,and the important fragility of the ecological environment.We used Hydro SHEDS,OSM,GPW,and urban socioeconomic statistics and selected 50 estuarine cities with large rivers as representatives to summarize the main geographical basis and socioeconomic characteristics.Cities are primarily found in low-altitude,flat regions with average annual temperatures that mainly vary from 10℃to 25℃,relatively abundant precipitation,and extensive biological resources.There are substantial variations in the socioeconomic features of estuarine cities.We proposed eight development patterns,including open and inclusive city spirit,high-quality livable cities,high-quality development driven by innovation,integration of internal and external communication with ports and cities,construction of an international financial center,ecological environment protection and restoration,active promotion of cultural tourism,and positive international exchanges.

关键词： estuarine cities great rivers development models sustainability physical geography socioeconomy

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互花米草有利于我国海岸带蓝碳功能提升（英文）

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Science Bulletin 2024年第12期 1991-2000页

作者：张靖凡毛德华刘纪化陈雅萍 Matthew Kirwan Christian Sanders 周金戈卢哲覃国铭黄幸运李慧焉恒琦焦念志苏纪兰王法明 Carbon Neutral Innovation Research Center and Fujian key laboratory of Marine Carbon Sequestration Xiamen University Second Institute of Oceanography State Oceanic Administration Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong laboratory (Zhuhai) School of Ecology and environment Hainan University Guangdong key laboratory of Applied Botany Xiaoliang Research Station of Tropical Coastal Ecosystems the CAS Engineering Laboratory for Ecological Restoration of Island and Coastal Ecosystems South China Botanical Garden Chinese Academy of Sciences University of Chinese Academy of Sciences South China National Botanical Garden Chinese Academy of Sciences key laboratory of Wetland Ecology and environment Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology Chinese Academy of Sciences Marine Research Institute Shandong University School of Ecology Shenzhen Campus of Sun Yat-sen University Virginia Institute of Marine Science National Marine Science Centre School of Environment Science and Engineering Southern Cross University Guangdong Eco-engineering Polytechnic

Spartina alterniflora has rapidly and extensively encroached on China's coastline over the past decades.Among the coastal areas invaded by S. alterniflora, at most 93% are mudflats. However, the effect of S.alterniflora invasion on soil organic carbon(SOC) stocks of coastal mudflats has not been systematically studied on a national scale. Here, we quantified the nationwide changes in SOC stocks in coastal mudflats associated with S. alterniflora invasion between 1990 and 2020. We found that S. alterniflora invasion significantly enhanced SOC stocks in coastal China. Nonetheless, the benefit of S. alterniflora invasion of coastal SOC stock may be weakened by continuing human intervention. We found that S. alterniflora invading mudflats added 2.3 Tg SOC stocks to China's coastal blue carbon, while 1.78 Tg SOC stocks were lost mainly due to human activities, resulted in a net SOC stock gain of 0.52 Tg C. These findings overturned the traditionally thought that S. alterniflora invasion would reduce ecosystem services by highlighting that the historical invasion of S. alterniflora has broadly and consistently enhanced blue carbon stock in coastal China.

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Methane emission via sediment and water interface in the Bohai Sea,China

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Journal of environmental Sciences 2022年第4期34卷 465-474页

作者： Kunpeng Zang Gen Zhang Xuemei Xu Nan Zheng Haoyu Xiong Haixiang Hong Kai Jiang Miao Liang College of environment Zhejiang University of TechnologyHangzhou 310014China state key laboratory of Severe Weather&key laboratory of Atmospheric Chemistry of China Meteorological administration Chinese Academy of Meteorological SciencesBeijing 100081China key laboratory for ecological environment in coastal areas National Marine Environmental Monitoring CenterDalian 116023China Meteorological Observation Center China Meteorological AdministrationBeijing 100081China

Sediment is recognized as the largest reservoir and source of methane(CH_(4))in the ocean,especially in the shallow coastal areas.To date,few data of CH_(4)concentration in sediment have been reported in the China shelf seas.In this study,we measured CH_(4)concentration in sediment and overlying seawater columns,and conducted an incubation experiment in the Bohai Sea in May 2017.CH_(4)concentration was found to be ranged from 3.075 to 1.795μmol/L in sediment,which was 2 to 3 orders of magnitude higher than that in overlying seawater columns.The surface sediment was an important source of CH_(4),while bottom seawater acted as its sink.Furthermore,the net emission rate via sediment water interface(SWI)was calculated as 2.45μmol/(m^(2)·day)based on the incubation experiment at station73,and the earthquake may enhance CH_(4)release from sediment to seawater column in the eastern Bohai Sea.

关键词： Methane Porewater Sediment-water interface Rhizon sampler Earthquake

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Effect of different cold air intensities and their lagged effects on outpatient visits for respiratory illnesses in Handan in different seasons

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Atmospheric and oceanic Science Letters 2024年第1期17卷 39-44页

作者： Xingshan Zhang Guiqin Fu Liang Zhao Ji Wang Caimeng Liang Juanhuai Wang Meng Li Handan Meteorological Bureau HandanChina Hebei Meteorological Service Center ShijiazhuangChina key laboratory of Meteorology and ecological environment of Hebei Province ShijiazhuangChina state key laboratory of Numerical Modeling for Atmosphere Sciences and Geophysical Fluid Dynamics(LASG) Institute of Atmospheric PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina Beijing Municipal Climate Center Beijing Meteorological BureauBeijingChina key laboratory of Meteorological Disaster Ministry of Education/Joint International Research Laboratory of Climate and Environment Change/Collaborative Innovation Center on Forecast and Evaluation of Meteorological DisastersNanjing University of Information Science and TechnologyChina China Meteorological administration Xiong’an Atmospheric Boundary Layer laboratory Xiong’an New AreaChina Guangdong Climate Center GuangzhouChina

本文利用2016年到2019年邯郸市气象要素和呼吸系统疾病门诊数据,分析了不同季节不同强度的冷空气过程及其对呼吸系统疾病的影响,结果显示:尽管呼吸系统疾病在冬季高发,夏季最低,但冷空气对呼吸系统疾病的影响在夏,春季最大,就诊人数分... 详细信息

本文利用2016年到2019年邯郸市气象要素和呼吸系统疾病门诊数据,分析了不同季节不同强度的冷空气过程及其对呼吸系统疾病的影响,结果显示:尽管呼吸系统疾病在冬季高发,夏季最低,但冷空气对呼吸系统疾病的影响在夏,春季最大,就诊人数分别在冷空气日后两天和五天增加18.4%和13.3%,而冬季就诊人数在冷空气日后三天仅增加3.2%.冷空气对疾病影响的滞后时间在夏,秋和冬季随冷空气强度的增加而减少,而春季的滞后时间总是很长.这些发现可为科学应对气候异常导致的人群健康风险提供针对性依据.

关键词：冷空气过程降温幅度呼吸系统疾病滞后效应

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Probabilistic ecological risk assessment of cadmium in the Bohai Sea using native saltwater species

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Acta Oceanologica Sinica 2014年第12期33卷 212-221页

作者： MU Jingli WANG Juying WANG Ying CONG Yi ZHANG Zhifeng key laboratory for ecological environment in coastal areas State Oceanic Administration National Marine environmental Monitoring Center

Predicted no-effect concentration （PNEC） is often used in ecological risk assessment to determine low-risk concentrations for chemicals. In the present study, the chronic data from native saltwater species were used to calculated PNEC values using four methods： log-normal distribution （ETX 2.0）, log-triangle distribution （US EPA＇s water quality criteria procedure）, burr III distribution （BurrliOZ） and traditional assessment fac-tor （AF）. The PNECs that were calculated using four methods ranged from 0.08 μg/L to 1.8 μg/L. Three of the SSD-derived PNECs range from 0.94 to 1.8 μg/L, about a factor of two apart. To demonstrate the use of SSD-based PNEC values and comprehensively estimate the regional ecological risk for cadmium in surface water of the Bohai Sea, in the Liaodong Bay, Bohai Bay, and Laizhou Bay, China, the dissolved cadmium con-centrations were measured and obtained 753 valid data covering 190 stations from July 2006 to November 2007. Based on three ecological risk assessment approaches, namely hazard quotient （HQ）, probabilistic risk quotient and joint probability curve （JPC）, the potential ecological risk of cadmium in surface water of the Liaodong Bay, Bohai Bay, and Laizahou Bay were estimated. Overall, the ecological risk of cadmium to aquatic ecosystem in the whole Bohai Sea was at acceptable ecological risk level, the order of ecological risk was Liaodong Bay〉Bohai Bay〉Laizhou Bay. However, more concerns should be paid to aquatic ecological risk in the Liaodong Bay which is the home of many steel, metallurgy and petrochemical industrial in China.

关键词： Bohai Sea cadmium PNEC SSD probabilistic ecological risk assessment

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Presence of organophosphate flame retardants(OPEs)in different functional areas in residential homes in Beijing,China

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Journal of environmental Sciences 2022年第5期34卷 277-285页

作者： Kun Lv Lu Bai Boyu Song Xindong Ma Minmin Hou Jie Fu Yali Shi Yawei Wang Guibin Jiang environment Research Institute Shandong UniversityQingdao 266237China Research Center for Eco-environmental Sciences Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100085China Ministry of Ecology and environment of the People’s Republic of China Foreign Environmental Cooperation CenterBeijing 100035China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China state oceanic administration key laboratory for ecological environment in coastal areas National Marine Environmental Monitoring CenterDalian 116023China School of environment Hangzhou Institute for Advanced StudyUCASHangzhou 310000China

The production and application of organophosphate esters(OPEs)have dramatically increased in recent years due to their use as a replacement for brominated flame retardants.In this study,13 OPEs(∑_(13)OPEs)were analyzed in indoor air samples from kitchens and living rooms in 14 residential homes in Beijing,China.The concentrations of ∑_(13)OPEs in kitchen air samples(mean:13 ng/m^(3))were significantly(penvironment of residential homes in Beijing are not likely to pose a health risk to the general population.

关键词： Organophosphate flame retardants (OPEs) Indoor environment Exposure assessment

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Geophysical implications for the formation of the Tamu Massif–the Earth's largest single volcano–within the Shatsky Rise in the northwest Pacific Ocean

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Science Bulletin 2017年第1期62卷 69-80页

作者： Jinchang Zhang Jie Chen key laboratory of Marginal Sea Geology South China Sea Institute of Oceanology Chinese Academy of Sciences key laboratory of Marine Mineral Resources Ministry of Land and Resources South China Sea Institute of Planning and environmental Research State Oceanic Administration key laboratory for ecological environment in coastal areas State Oceanic Administration key laboratory of Integrated Marine Monitoring and Applied Technologies for Harmful Algal Blooms State Oceanic Administration

Recent geophysical research programs survey the Tamu Massif within the Shatsky Rise oceanic plateau in the northwest Pacific Ocean to understand the formation of this immense volcano and to test the formation hypotheses of large igneous province volcanism. Massive sheet basalt flows are cored from the Tamu Massif, implying voluminous eruptions with high effusion rates. Seismic reflection data show that the Tamu Massif is the largest single volcano on Earth, characterized by a central volcanic shield with lowgradient flank slopes, implying lava flows emanating from its center and spreading massive area on the seafloor. Velocity model calculated from seismic refraction data shows that crustal thickness has a negative correlation with average velocity, implying a chemically anomalous origin of the Tamu Massif. Seismic refraction and reflection data reveal a complete crustal structure across the entire volcano, featured by a deep crust root with a maximum thickness of $30 km, and Moho geometry is consistent with the Airy Isostasy. These recent findings provide evidence for the two end-member formation models: the mantle plume and the plate boundary. Both are supported by some results, but both are not fit with some either. Consequently, plume–ridge interaction could be a resolution that awaits future investigations.

关键词：地球物理西北部火山物理意义上升塔地震反射地壳厚度

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