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Comparison of dust emissions, transport, and deposition between the Taklimakan Desert and Gobi Desert from 2007 to 2011

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Science China Earth Sciences 2017年第7期60卷 1338-1355页

作者： CHEN SiYu HUANG JianPing LI JingXin JIA Rui JIANG NanXuan KANG LiTai MA XiaoJun XIE TingTing Lanzhou University College of Atmospheric Sciences Chinese Academy of Meteorological Sciences Institute of Climate System (Polar Meteorology) State Key Laboratory of Severe Weather

The Taklimakan Desert(TD) and Gobi Desert(GD) are two of the most important dust sources in East Asia, and have important impact on energy budgets, ecosystems and water cycles at regional and even global scales. To investigate the contribution of the TD and the GD to dust concentrations in East Asia as a whole, dust emissions, transport, and deposition over the TD and the GD in different seasons from 2007 to 2011 were systematically compared, based on the weather Research and Forecasting model coupled with Chemistry(WRF-Chem). Dust emissions, uplift, and long-range transport related to these two dust source regions were markedly different due to differences in topography, elevation, thermal conditions, and atmospheric circulation. Specifically,the topography of the GD is relatively flat, and at a high elevation, and the area is under the influence of two jet streams at high altitudes, resulting in high wind speeds in the upper atmosphere. Deep convective mixing enables the descending branch of jet streams to continuously transport momentum downward to the mid-troposphere, leading to enhanced wind speeds in the lower troposphere over the GD which favors the vertical uplift of the GD dust particles. Therefore, the GD dust was very likely to be transported under the effect of strong westerly jets, and thus played the most important role in contributing to dust concentrations in East Asia. Approximately 35% and 31% of dust emitted from the GD transported to remote areas in East Asia in spring and summer, respectively. The TD has the highest dust emission capabilities in East Asia, with emissions of about 70.54 Tg yr.1 in spring, accounting for 42% of the total dust emissions in East Asia. However, the TD is located in the Tarim Basin and surrounded by mountains on three sides. Furthermore, the dominant surface wind direction is eastward and the average wind speed at high altitudes is relatively small over the TD. As a result, the TD dust particles are not easily transpo

关键词： East Asian dust WRF-Chem model Taklimakan Desert Dust Gobi Desert Dust Dust emissions Dust transport Dust deposition

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Boreal Summer Intraseasonal Oscillation in the Asian–Pacific Monsoon Region Simulated in CAMS-CSM

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Journal of Meteorological Research 2019年第1期33卷 66-79页

作者： Yanjun QI Renhe ZHANG Xinyao RONG Jian LI Lun LI state key laboratory of severe weather Chinese Academy of Meteorological SciencesChina Meteorological Administration institute of atmospheric Sciences Fudan University

The boreal summer intraseasonal oscillation(BSISO) is simulated by the Climate System Model(CSM) developed at the Chinese Academy of Meteorological Sciences(CAMS), China Meteorological Administration. Firstly, the results indicate that this new model is able to reasonably simulate the annual cycle and seasonal mean of the precipitation, as well as the vertical shear of large-scale zonal wind in the tropics. The model also reproduces the eastward and northward propagating oscillation signals similar to those found in observations. The simulation of BSISO is generally in agreement with the observations in terms of variance center, periodicity, and propagation, with the exception that the magnitude of BSISO anomalous convections are underestimated during both its eastward propagation along the equator and its northward propagation over the Asian–Pacific summer monsoon region. Our preliminary evaluation of the simulated BSISO by CAMS-CSM suggests that this new model has the capability, to a certain extent, to capture the BSISO features, including its propagation zonally along the equator and meridionally over the Asian monsoon region.

关键词： CAMS-CSM boreal summer intraseasonal oscillation(BSISO) Asian–Pacific summer monsoon region

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The Combined Effects of the Tropical and Extratropical Quasi-biweekly Oscillations on the Record-setting Mei-yu Rainfall in the Summer of 2020

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Advances in atmospheric Sciences 2023年第4期40卷 663-681,I0002-I0014页

作者： Zhen HUANG Shuanglin LI Jianying LI Chao ZHANG Department of atmospheric Science/Centre for severe weather and Climate and Hydro-geological Hazards China University of GeosciencesWuhan 430074China China Climate Change Research Center Institute of Atmospheric PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100029China state key laboratory of severe weather(lasw) Chinese Academy of Meteorological SciencesBeijing 100081China

During June-July 2020,the strongest recorded mei-yu rainfall occurred in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze *** rainfall processes exhibited an obvious quasi-biweekly(biweekly in brief)variability,and there are altogether five *** is found that the biweekly rainfall cycle mainly arises from the collaborative effects of biweekly variabilities from both the tropics and *** for the tropics,the biweekly meridional march and retreat of the western Pacific subtropical high(WPSH)is particularly *** for the extratropics,geopotential height anomalies near Lake Baikal are *** former is attributed to the intensified biweekly activity of the southwest-northeast oriented EastAsian Pacific wave train(EAP)originating from the tropical western Pacific,while the latter is associated with the biweekly activities of the eastward propagating Eurasia mid-high latitudinal wave train and the westward propagating North Pacific wave *** the biweekly activities of these wave trains intensified is further diagnosed from the perspective of thermodynamical forcing and also from the modulation of interannual background on intraseasonal *** is found that the strongest recorded convection anchoring over the tropical western Indian Ocean(IO)triggers anomalous descent over the tropical western Pacific,which modulates the biweekly activity of the ***,the anomalous diabatic heating over the IO causes changes of the meridional thermodynamic contrast across the IO to the high latitudes,which modulates the extratropical wave trains.A further diagnosis of barotropic kinetic energy conversion suggests that the active occurrence of two extratropical biweekly wave trains is attributed to the increased efficiency of energy conversion from basic *** westward propagation of the extratropical North Pacific wave train is attributed to the weakened and northshifted upper-level westerly,which is caused by the SST warmth near the Kuroshio

关键词： strongest recorded mei-yu rainfall in summer 2020 quasi-biweekly variability tropical convection westward propagation of the extratropical North Pacific wave train SSTA in the North Pacific

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Ensemble prediction experiments using conditional nonlinear optimal perturbation

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Science China Earth Sciences 2009年第4期52卷 511-518页

作者： JIANG ZhiNa MU Mu WANG DongHai state key laboratory of severe weather(lasw) Chinese Academy of Meteorological SciencesBeijing 100081China state key laboratory of Numerical Modeling for atmospheric Sciences and Geophysical Fluid Dynamics(LASG) Institute of At-mospheric PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100029China

Two methods for initialization of ensemble forecasts are compared, namely, singular vector (SV) and conditional nonlinear optimal perturbation (CNOP). The comparison is done for forecast lengths of up to 10 days with a three-level quasi-geostrophic (QG) atmospheric model in a perfect model scenario. Ten cases are randomly selected from 1982/1983 winter to 1993/1994 winter (from December to the following February). Anomaly correlation coefficient (ACC) is adopted as a tool to measure the quality of the predicted ensembles on the Northern Hemisphere 500 hPa geopotential height. The results show that the forecast quality of ensemble samples in which the first SV is replaced by CNOP is higher than that of samples composed of only SVs in the medium range, based on the occurrence of weather re-gime transitions in Northern Hemisphere after about four days. Besides, the reliability of ensemble forecasts is evaluated by the Rank Histograms. The above conclusions confirm and extend those reached earlier by the authors, which stated that the introduction of CNOP improves the forecast skill under the condition that the analysis error belongs to a kind of fast-growing error by using a barotropic QG model.

关键词： ensemble prediction medium range singular vector conditional nonlinear optimal perturbation

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A semi-implicit semi-Lagrangian global nonhydrostatic model and the polar discretization scheme

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Science China Earth Sciences 2007年第12期50卷 1885-1891页

作者： YANG XueSheng1,CHEN JiaBin2,HU JiangLin1,CHEN DeHui1,SHEN XueShun1,ZHANG HongLiang1 1 state key laboratory of severe weather,Chinese Academy of Meteorological Sciences,Beijing 100081,China 2 state key laboratory of Numerical Modeling for atmospheric Sciences and Geophysical Fluid Dynamics,institute of atmospheric Physics,Beijing 100029,China state key laboratory of severe weather Chinese Academy of Meteorological Sciences Beijing China state key laboratory of Numerical Modeling for atmospheric Sciences and Geophysical Fluid Dynamics Institute of Atmospheric Physics Beijing China

The Global/Regional Assimilation and PrEdiction System(GRAPES) is a newly developed global non-hydrostatic numerical prediction model,which will become the next generation medium-range opera-tional model at China Meteorological Administration(CMA).The dynamic framework of GRAPES is featuring with fully compressible equations,nonhydrostatic or hydrostatic optionally,two-level time semi-Lagrangian and semi-implicit time integration,Charney-Phillips vertical staggering,and complex three-dimensional pre-conditioned Helmholtz solver,*** the singularity of horizontal momentum equations at the poles,the polar discretization schemes are described,which include adoption of Arakawa C horizontal grid with ν at poles,incorporation of polar filtering to maintain the computational stability,the correction to Helmholtz equation near the poles,as well as the treatment of semi-Lagrangian interpolation to improve the departure point accuracy,*** balanced flow tests validate the rationality of the treatment of semi-Lagrangian departure point calculation and the polar discretization during long time *** and Suarez tests show that the conservation proper-ties of GRAPES model are quite good.

关键词： nonhydrostatic, global model, semi-implicit, semi-Lagrangian, polar discretization, conservation

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APPLICATION OF ADVECTIVE VORTICITY EQUATION TO TYPHOON FUNG-WONG

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Journal of Tropical Meteorology 2010年第2期16卷 134-142页

作者：周玉淑朱科锋刘黎平 institute of atmospheric Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences state key laboratory of severe weather Chinese Academy of Meteorological Sciences

The momentum advection vorticity equation in the form of cross multiplication is introduced, in which the divergence term in the classic vorticity equation does not appear explicitly. This equation includes the rotation effect of the horizontal wind advection, which are not explicitly included in the classic vortieity equation. The vorticity and its tendency of Typhoon Fung-Wong （0808） that occurred in July 2008 are analyzed. The computed results show that the rotation effect of the advection of the horizontal wind is a leading factor in determining the change of vertical vorticity for Fung-Wong during its life cycle, especially in the period leading up to landfall. The advection term represents the tendency variation of the vertical vortieity, and the positive-value region of the vertical vorticity tendency is almost in accord with the track of Fung-Wong, which may be taken as a factor to locate the key observational region of Fung-Wong. The equation provides a supplementary diagnostic tool for the systems related with strong advection of horizontal wind.

关键词： advection vorticity equation synoptic analysis

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Progress in climate modeling of precipitation over the Tibetan Plateau

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National Science Review 2020年第3期7卷 486-487页

作者： Qing Bao Jian Li state key laboratory of Numerical Modeling for atmospheric Sciences and Geophysical Fluid Dynamics Institute of Atmospheric PhysicsChinese Academy of Sciences state key laboratory of severe weather Chinese Academy of Meteorological Sciences

Given the controversy regarding the‘Monsoon Melee’, there is a need for more accurate Tibetan Plateau (TP)climate modeling that clarifies its role in monsoon variations [1]. Because of the unique geographical characteristics of the region, TP climate modeling faces many challenges. One of the largest modeling biases is the overestimation

关键词： Progress in climate modeling of precipitation over the Tibetan Plateau

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Eddy Kinetic Energy Study of the Snowstorm over Southern China in January 2008

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Advances in atmospheric Sciences 2014年第4期31卷 972-984页

作者： ZUO Qunjie GAO Shouting L Daren laboratory of Cloud-Precipitation Physics and severe Storms Institute of Atmospheric Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences key laboratory of Middle Atmosphere and Global Environment Observation Institute of Atmospheric Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences state key laboratory of severe weather Chinese Academy of Meteorological Sciences

The energetics of the third stage of a snowstorm over China was analyzed using ECWMF *** analysis of the energy budget for the Middle East trough and the western Pacific trough that developed toward China on 25-28 January 2008 showed the advection of the geopotential by the ageostrophic wind to be both a crucial source and the primary sink of the eddy kinetic energy centers associated with the *** magnitudes of the energy conversion terms,interaction kinetic energy conversion and baroclinic conversion,were too small to explain the development of the energy centers and the jet *** energy centers gained energy at their entrance regions via the convergence of the ageostrophic geopotential fluxes,and then lost energy at their exit regions by the same *** the entrance regions,the fluxes converged,increasing the geopotential gradient,which generated a stronger geostrophic wind and higher kinetic energy,resulting in an ascending motion in this *** the troughs moved to China,the ascending motion caused by the convergence of the fluxes at entrance region intensified the snowstorms over central and southern China.

关键词： eddy kinetic energy ageostrophic geopotential flux snowstorms jet streaks

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The Effect of the Subtropical Jet on the Rainfall over Southern China in January 2008

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Advances in atmospheric Sciences 2014年第3期31卷 543-550页

作者： ZUO Qunjie GAO Shouting L Daren laboratory of Cloud-Precipitation Physics and severe Storms institute of atmospheric Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences key laboratory of Middle Atmosphere and Global Environment Observation institute of atmospheric Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences state key laboratory of severe weather Chinese Academy of Meteorological Sciences

ABSTRACT The third precipitation episode of China＇s great snowstorms of 2008 was analyzed using station observations and ECMWF six-hourly data. The variation of the shape of the upper-level subtropical jet played an important role in the rainfall over south- ern China. With the eastward movement of the trough, the jet shape changed from two straight jets to a tilting jet over China and then it moved southward. With these variations, the south-north movement of ascending flow and precipitation area over southern China occurred.

关键词： upper-level subtropical jet transverse circulation ageostrophic wind snowstorms

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Combined Impacts of Warm Central Equatorial Pacific Sea Surface Temperatures and Anthropogenic Warming on the 2019 severe Drought in East China

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Advances in atmospheric Sciences 2020年第11期37卷 1149-1163页

作者： Shuangmei MA Congwen ZHU Juan LIU state key laboratory of severe weather(lasw)and institute of Climate System Chinese Academy of Meteorological SciencesBeijing 100081China Meteorological Service Center of Zhejiang Hangzhou 310016China

A severe drought occurred in East China(EC)from August to October 2019 against a background of long-term significant warming and caused widespread impacts on agriculture and society,emphasizing the urgent need to understand the mechanism responsible for this drought and its linkage to global *** results show that the warm central equatorial Pacific(CEP)sea surface temperature(SST)and anthropogenic warming were possibly responsible for this drought *** warm CEP SST anomaly resulted in an anomalous cyclone over the western North Pacific,where enhanced northerly winds in the northwestern sector led to decreased water vapor transport from the South China Sea and enhanced descending air motion,preventing local convection and favoring a precipitation deficiency over *** simulations in the Community Earth System Model Large Ensemble Project confirmed the physical connection between the warm CEP SST anomaly and the drought in *** extremely warm CEP SST from August to October 2019,which was largely the result of natural internal variability,played a crucial role in the simultaneous severe drought in *** model simulations showed that anthropogenic warming has greatly increased the frequency of extreme droughts in *** indicated an approximate twofold increase in extremely low rainfall events,high temperature events,and concurrently dry and hot events analogous to the event in ***,the persistent severe drought over EC in 2019 can be attributed to the combined impacts of warm CEP SST and anthropogenic warming.

关键词： drought East China central equatorial Pacific SST global warming model simulations

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