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Advances in the diagnosis and treatment of liver fibrosis

Hepatoma Research 2017年第8期3卷 156-169页

作者： Jenny Yeuk-Ki Cheng Grace Lai-Hung Wong Institute of Digestive Disease The Chinese University of Hong KongShatinHong Kong 999077China Department of medicine and Therapeutics 9/F Prince of Wales HospitalShatinHong Kong 999077China state key laboratory of Digestive Disease The Chinese University of Hong KongShatinHong Kong 999077China.

Liver fibrosis is the center of diagnosis and management of essentially all chronic liver diseases. While liver biopsy examination still has a role in diagnosis and drug development, it is replaced by non-invasive assessments of liver biopsy in majority of the clinical scenarios. Radiological approaches, namely transient elastography, acoustic radiation force impulse imaging, shear wave elastography, magnetic resonance elastography provide accurate diagnosis of advanced fibrosis and cirrhosis. Serum test formulae based on common laboratory parameters or more specialized parameters including those commercially available panels FibroTest?, FibroMeter? and Enhanced Liver Fibrosis are also available. Combining different modalities may further improve the accuracy. The role of all these non-invasive assessments has been further expanded from diagnostic to prognostic, e.g. risk prediction of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) by LSM-HCC score. Treatment of liver fibrosis can be achieved by controlling the underlying diseases, with chronic viral hepatitis as the most established disease model. Currently there are multiple clinical trials evaluating different treatment options to improve fibrosis in patients with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. Specific anti-fibrotic treatment targets e.g. direct downregulation of hepatic stellate cell, collagen synthesis inhibitors and transforming growth factor-βantagonists have been tested in laboratory and pending further studies in clinical settings.

关键词： Chronic hepatitis B chronic hepatitis C fatty liver transient elastography

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Characterization of the Adult Head Transcriptome and Identification of Migration and Olfaction Genes in the Oriental Armyworm Mythimna separate

Characterization of the Adult Head Transcriptome and Identif...

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中国蚕学会第九届青年学术研讨会

作者： Hai-Xu Bian Hong-Fang Ma Xi-Xi Zheng Ming-Hui Peng Yu-Ping Li Jun-Fang Su Huan Wang Qun Li Run-Xi Xia 刘彦群江幸福 Insect Resource Center for Engineering and Technology of Liaoning Province College of Bioscience and BiotechnologyShenyang Agricultural University School of Basic medicine Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine state key laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pest Institute of Plant ProtectionChinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences

The oriental armyworm Mythimna separate is an economically important pest insect with wide distribution and strong migratory activity.However,knowledge about the molecular mechanisms regulating the oriental armyworm physiological and behavioral responses is severely scare.In the present study,we take a transcriptomic approach to characterize the gene network in adult head of M.separate.The sequencing and de novo assembly yielded 46,459 unigenes with an N50 of 1,153 bp,among which 22,304 unigenes were annotated.Both KOG classification and KEGG Orthology assignment indicate that unigenes involved in ’signal transduction mechanism’ are the most abundant in the head transcriptome data.Totally,937 unigenes in signal transduction were assigned to 22 signaling pathways.Then,the circadian clock,melanin synthesis,and non-receptor protein of olfactory gene families were identified,and phylogenetic analyses were performed with these genes from M.separate and the model insect B.mori and other insects.Furthermore,1,372 simple sequence repeats of 2-6 bp unit length were identified.The transcriptome data represent a comprehensive molecular resources for adult head of M.separate,and these genes identified can be valid targets for further gene function research to address the molecular mechanisms regulating the oriental armyworm migratory and olfaction.

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IL-2Rα up-regulation is mediated by latent membrane protein 1 and promotes lymphomagenesis and chemotherapy resistance in natural killer/T-cell lymphoma

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Cancer Communications 2018年第1期38卷 667-676页

作者： Liang Wang Xi-wen Bi Yu-jia Zhu Ying-zhi He Qiu-yu Lai Zhong-jun Xia Qing-qing Cai Department of Hematology ZhuJiang HospitalSouthern Medical UniversityGuangzhou 510280GuangdongP.R.China state key laboratory of Oncology in South China Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer MedicineGuangzhou 510060GuangdongP.R.China Department of Medical Oncology Sun Yat-sen University Cancer CenterGuangzhou 510060Guang-dongP.R.China Department of radiation Oncology Sun Yat-sen University Cancer CenterGuangzhou 510060GuangdongP.R.China Department of Hematologic Oncology Sun Yat-sen University Cancer CenterGuangzhou 510060GuangdongP.R.China

Background:Natural killer/T-cell lymphoma(NKTCL)is a highly aggressive non-Hodgkin lymphoma often resistant to chemotherapy.Serum level of soluble IL-2 receptorα(IL-2Rα)is elevated in NKTCL patients and correlates signifi-cantly with treatment response and survival.In the current study we examined the potential role of IL-2Rαby over-expressing IL-2Rαin representative cell lines.Methods:Levels of IL-2Rαwere evaluated in the human natural killer cell line NK-92 and the NKTCL cell line SNK-6.Lentiviral vectors were used to express latent membrane protein 1(LMP1)in NK-92 cells,and IL-2Rαin both NK-92 and SNK-6 cells.The biological effects of these genes on proliferation,apoptosis,cell cycle distribution,and chemosensitiv-ity were analyzed.Results:Expression of IL-2Rαwas significantly higher in SNK-6 cells than in NK-92 cells.Expressing LMP1 in NK-92 cells remarkably up-regulated IL-2Rαlevels,whereas selective inhibitorss of the proteins in the MAPK/NF-κB pathway significantly down-regulated IL-2Rα.IL-2Rαoverexpression in SNK-6 cells promoted cell proliferation by altering cell cycle distribution,and induced resistance to gemcitabine,doxorubicin,and asparaginase.These effects were reversed by an anti-IL-2Rαantibody.Conclusions:Our results suggest that LMP1 activates the MAPK/NF-κB pathway in NKTCL cells,up-regulating IL-2Rαexpression.IL-2Rαoverexpression promotes growth and chemoresistance in NKTCL,making this interleukin receptor a potential therapeutic target.

关键词： Natural killer/T-cell lymphoma Latent membrane protein 1 Epstein-Barr virus Interleukin-2 receptor alpha

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Clinicopathological parameters predicting recurrence of pT1N0 esophageal squamous cell carcinoma

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2018年第45期24卷 5154-5166页

作者： Li-Yan Xue Xiu-Min Qin Yong Liu Jun Liang Hua Lin Xue-Min Xue Shuang-Mei Zou Mo-Yan Zhang Bai-Hua Zhang Zhou-Guang Hui Zi-Tong Zhao Li-Qun Ren Yue-Ming Zhang Xiu-Yun Liu Yan-Ling Yuan Jian-Ming Ying Shu-Geng Gao Yong-Mei Song Gui-Qi Wang Sanford M Dawsey Ning Lu Department of Pathology National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College Center for Cancer Precision medicine Cancer Hospital Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College Department of Endoscopy National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College Department of radiation Oncology National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College Department of Medical Record National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College Department of Thoracic Surgery National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College The 2nd Department of Thoracic Surgery Hunan Cancer Hospital The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine CSU state key laboratory of Molecular Oncology National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College Department of Pathology Chengde Medical College Metabolic Epidemiology Branch Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics National Cancer Institute

AIM To identify the clinicopathological characteristics of pT1 N0 esophageal squamous cell carcinoma(ESCC) that are associated with tumor recurrence. METHODS We reviewed 216 pT1 N0 thoracic ESCC cases who underwent esophagectomy and thoracoabdominal two-field lymphadenectomy without preoperative chemoradiotherapy. After excluding those cases with clinical follow-up recorded fewer than 3 mo and those who died within 3 mo of surgery, we included 199 cases in the current analysis. Overall survival and recurrencefree survival were assessed by the Kaplan-Meier method, and clinicopathological characteristics associated with any recurrence or distant recurrence were evaluated using univariate and multivariate Cox proportional hazards models. Early recurrence(≤ 24 mo) and correlated parameters were assessed using univariate and multivariate logistic regression models.RESULTS Forty-seven(24%) patients had a recurrence at 3 to 178(median, 33) mo. The 5-year recurrence-free survival rate was 80.7%. None of 13 asymptomatic cases had a recurrence. Preoperative clinical symptoms, upper thoracic location, ulcerative or intraluminal mass macroscopic tumor type, tumor invasion depth level, basaloid histology, angiolymphatic invasion, tumor thickness, submucosal invasion thickness, diameter of the largest single tongue of invasion, and complete negative aberrant p53 expression were significantly related to tumor recurrence and/or recurrence-free survival. Upper thoracic tumor location, angiolymphatic invasion, and submucosal invasion thickness were independent predictors of tumor recurrence(Hazard ratios = 3.26, 3.42, and 2.06, P < 0.001, P < 0.001, and P = 0.002, respectively), and a nomogram for predicting recurrence-free survival with these three predictors was constructed. Upper thoracic tumor location and angiolymphatic invasion were independent predictors of distant recurrence. Upper thoracic tumor location, angiolymphatic invasion, submucosal invasion thickness, and diameter of the largest single tongue of invasion were ind

关键词： Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma Tumor recurrence Lymph node negative esophageal cancer Recurrence-free survival Clinicopathological parameters

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One-pot combinatorial modification of the total tanshinones

One-pot combinatorial modification of the total tanshinones

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中国化学会第9届天然有机化学学术会议

作者：田海妍李金行 Simon Ming Yuen Lee 叶文才江仁望 Institute of Traditional Chinese medicine and Natural Products College of PharmacyJinan University The state key laboratory for Quality Research in Chinese medicine University of Macau

＜正＞Tanshinones are natural occurring abietane-type diterpenoid naphthoquinone,widely existing in Salvia species,possessing broad biological activities,such as antitumor and protection of cardiovascular and nerve systems.Modifications of this kind of natural products were carried out worldwide in order to improve the water solubility and bioactivities.However,most of these modification studies were focused on the abundant compounds,such as TanshinoneⅡA. In order to get the derivatives of both the major and minor tanshiones,we initiate a

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Genome-wide Dissection of Co-selected UV-B Responsive Pathways in the UV-B Adaptation of Qingke

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Molecular Plant 2020年第1期13卷 112-127页

作者： Xingquan Zeng Hongjun Yuan Xuekui Dong Meng Peng Xinyu Jing Qijun Xu Tang Tang Yulin Wang Sang Zha Meng Gao Congzhi Li Chujin Shu Zexiu Wei Wangmu Qimei Yuzhen Basang Jiabu Dunzhu Zeqing Li Lijun Bai Jian Shi Zhigang Zheng Sibin Yu Alisdair R.Fernie Jie Luo Tashi Nyima state key laboratory of Hulless Barley and Yak Germplasm Resources and Genetic Improvement Lhasa 850002China Research Institute of Agriculture Tibet Academy of Agricultural and Animal Husbandry SciencesLhasaTibet 850002China Tibet Academy of Agricultural and Animal Husbandry Sciences LhasaTibet 850002China Wuhan Metware Biotechnology Co. Ltd.WuhanChina National key laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement and National Center of Plant Gene Research(Wuhan) Huazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhan 430070China IB-UGent Center for Plant Systems Biology Ghent UniversityTechnologiepark-Zwijnaarde719052 GhentBelgium-. Agricultural Resources and Environment Research Institute Tibet Academy of Agricultural and Animal Husbandry SciencesLhasaTibet 850002China Wuhan Igenebook Biotechnology Co. Ltd.WuhanChina Chengdu Life Baseline Technology Co. LtdChengdu610041China Max-Planck-lnstitute of Molecular Plant Physiology Potsdam-Golm 144776Germany College of Tropical Crops Hainan UniversityHaikouHainan 572208China

Qingke (Tibetan hulless barley) has long been cultivated and exposed to long-term and strong UV-B radiation on the Tibetan Plateau, which renders it an ideal species for elucidating novel UV-B responsive mechanisms in plants. Here we report a comprehensive metabolite profiling and metabolite-based genome-wide association study (mGWAS) using 196 diverse qingke and barley accessions. Our results demonstrated both constitutive and induced accumulation, and common genetic regulation, of metabolites from different branches of the phenylpropanoid pathway that are involved in UV-B protection. A total of 90 significant mGWAS loci for these metabolites were identified in barley-qingke differentiation regions, and a number of high-level metabolite trait alleles were found to be significantly enriched in qingke, suggesting co-selection of various phenylpropanoids. Upon dissecting the entire phenylpropanoid pathway, we identified some key determinants controlling natural variation of phenylpropanoid content, including three novel proteins, a flavone C-pentosyltransferase, a tyramine hydroxycinnamoyl acyltransferase, and a MYB transcription factor. Our study, furthermore, demonstrated co-selection of both constitutive and induced phenylpropanoids for UV-B protection in qingke.

关键词： Tibetan hulless barley UV-B radiation constitutive and induced accumulation phenylpropanoid MYB transcription factor

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The radioresistant and survival mechanisms of Deinococcus radiodurans

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radiation medicine and protection 2023年第2期4卷 70-79页

作者： Feng Liu Nuomin Li Yongqian Zhang School of Life Science Beijing Institute of TechnologyBeijing 100081China Institute of Engineering medicine Beijing Institute of TechnologyBeijing 100081China

Deinococcus radiodurans (D. radiodurans) is distinguished by the most radioresistant organism ever known, and can tolerate extreme environments such as ionizing radiation, ultraviolet radiation, oxidation, and desiccation. D. radiodurans is an important model for studying DNA damage/repair and redox regulation upon high dose ionizing radiation. How D. radiodurans response and repair ROS-induced oxidative damage remains a subject of ongoing investigation. This review provides an overview of the radioresistance characteristics of D. radiodurans. Among them, the DNA damage repair pathway and high-efficiency antioxidant defense system are summarized in detail. Furthermore, a novel model that protects the cell against the ionizing radiation is proposed. This review also discusses the potential application , future challenges and directions in advancing towards D. radiodurans studies.

关键词： Deinococcus radiodurans Radioresistant mechanism Oxidative stress DNA repair Antioxidant defense system

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Ultraviolet radiation-induced non-melanoma skin cancer:Regulation of DNA damage repair and inflammation

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Genes & Diseases 2014年第2期1卷 188-198页

作者： InYoung Kim Yu-Ying He Pritzker School of medicine University of ChicagoChicagoILUSA Section of Dermatology Department of MedicineUniversity of ChicagoChicagoILUSA

Exposure to ultraviolet(UV)radiation is associated with approximately 65%of melanoma cases,and 90%of non-melanoma skin cancers(NMSC),including basal cell carcinoma(BCC)and squamous cell carcinoma(SCC).While the incidence of most other malignancies has either stabilized or declined,that of NMSC has increased and is developing even in younger age groups.NMSCs account for nearly 15,000 deaths,3.5 million new cases,and more than 3 billion dollars a year in medical costs in the United states alone,representing a major public health concern.As sun protection efforts have not been proven effective,targeted chemoprevention strategies are much needed.Skin carcinogenesis by DNA damage is considered a predominant paradigm for UV toxicity.Exposure to UV radiation can activate various oncogenes while inactivating tumor suppressor genes,resulting in inappropriate survival and proliferation of keratinocytes that harbor these damages.Moreover,increasing evidence demonstrate that inflammatory responses by the immune cells within the tumor microenvironment also contribute significantly to skin tumorigenesis.Initiation and progression of skin carcinogenesis mediated by UV radiation involve complex pathways,including those of apoptosis,proliferation,autophagy,DNA repair,checkpoint signaling,metabolism,and inflammation.In this review,we highlight the recent advances in two of these key molecular processes that result in UV-mediated skin carcinogenesis.In particular,we discuss 1)pathways that regulate DNA damage repair and 2)the regulation of the inflammatory process its crosstalk with DNA repair potentially leading to non-melanoma skin carcinogenesis.

关键词： DNA damage DNA repair Inflammation Skin cancer Ultraviolet radiation UV

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Nano Se~0 as an efficient sequenster for mercury in rice

Nano Se~0 as an efficient sequenster for mercury in rice

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第二届全国环境纳米技术及生物效应学术研讨会

作者： Li Yu-Feng Zhao Jiating Cui Liwei Gao Yuxi Li Bai Chai Zhifang CAS key laboratory for Biological Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety and State Environmental Protection Engineering Center for 7 Mercury Pollution Prevention and ControlInstitute of High Energy PhysicsChinese Academy of Sciences

Mercury（Hg） can concentrate in higher consumers from the food chain,and then highly threaten the human health.To investigate the influence of nano-sized elemental selenium（nano-SeO） which has large specific surface characteristics on the uptake,accumulation and transformation of Hg in plants,garlic was exposed to different dosages of nano-SeO and Hg2+and analyzed after cultivation.The phytotoxicity of Hg with or without nano-SeOaddition was assessed.Distribution and speciation of Hg and Se were measured using synchrotron radiation based X-ray fluorescence（SR-XRF） combined with X-ray absorption near edge structure（XANES）.It was found that nano-SeO could efficiently migate the phytotoxicity of Hg and promote plant growth.SR-XRF and XANES analysis illustrated that nano-SeO could largely capture Hg2+to prevent it entering stele of root and translocation of Hg by forming Hg-Se compounds.Nano-SeO inhibited Hg toxicity by promoting the conversion of Hg2+to the less toxic Hg forms,such as RS-Hg-SR and R-Hg-R.The less toxic nano-SeO shows great potential in prevention of Hg toxicity in food chain and has great implications for human health in Hg contaminated areas.

关键词： Nano-SeO Mercury rice SRXRF-XANES

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Extension of lifespan and protection against oxidative stress by Rhodiola rosea in Bombyx mori

Extension of lifespan and protection against oxidative stres...

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中国蚕学会第八届青年学术研讨会

作者： CHEN Cong SONG Jiang-Bo LI Zhi-Quan CHEN Min TONG Xiao-Ling HU Hai LU Cheng DAI Fang-Yin state key laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology Key Laboratory for Sericulture Functional Genomics and Biotechnology of Agricultural Ministry Southwest University

Rhodiola rosea is a plant root used in traditional Chinese medicine that may increase an organism’s resistance to stress. It has been reported that the extract from Rhodiola rosea can extend lifespan in flies, worms, and yeast, however, its molecular mechanism is currently not clearly. Lifespan in organisms is regulated by conserved signaling networks, such as the insulin/insulin-like growth factor 1（IGF-1） signaling cascade. Here, we tested whether Rhodiola rosea could extend lifespan of silkworm which is a representative of Lepidoptera. We now show that aqueous extract of Rhodiola rosea significantly increased the mean lifespan of the silkworm in both sexes, and also clearly increased the maximum lifespan of females and males, but not affect fecundity, feeding rate nor weight of silkworm. Aqueous extract from Rhodiola rosea was also able to increase stress resistance in silkworm: an increase against heat shock（38°C） as well as starvation. The Rhodiola rosea extract not only increased the activities of the major antioxidant enzymes, the catalase and glutathione S-transferases, but alter the content of glutathione and malondialdehyde. Rhodiola rosea extract treatment significantly promoted the m RNA expression level of Foxo, and also modulated the expression of several memebers of IGF-1 signaling pathway,including PI3 K, AKT, and down-regulated the AMPK expression. These results suggested that the IGF-1 signaling cascade was required when Rhodiola rosea increased stress resistance and extended lifespan in silkworm and it might be via AMP-activated protein kinase（AMPK）complex.

关键词： Rhodiola rosea Bombyx mori Oxidative stress Lifespan IGF-1 pathway

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