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Interannual Variability of the Normalized Difference Vegetation Index on the Tibetan Plateau and Its Relationship with Climate Change

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Advances in atmospheric sciences 2007年第3期24卷 474-484页

作者：周定文范广洲黄荣辉方之芳刘雅勤李洪权 Institute of atmospheric Physics Chinese Academy of sciences Chengdu University of Information Technology

The Qinghai-Xizang Plateau, or Tibetan Plateau, is a sensitive region for climate change, where the manifestation of global warming is particularly noticeable. The wide climate variability in this region significantly affects the local land ecosystem and could consequently lead to notable vegetation changes. In this paper, the interannual variations of the plateau vegetation are investigated using a 21-year normalized difference vegetation index （NDVI） dataset to quantify the consequences of climate warming for the regional ecosystem and its interactions. The results show that vegetation coverage is best in the eastern and southern plateau regions and deteriorates toward the west and north. On the whole, vegetation activity demonstrates a gradual enhancement in an oscillatory manner during 1982-2002. The temporal variation also exhibits striking regional differences： an increasing trend is most apparent in the west, south, north and southeast, whereas a decreasing trend is present along the southern plateau boundary and in the central-east region. Covariance analysis between the NDVI and surface temperature/precipitation suggests that vegetation change is closely related to climate change. However, the controlling physical processes vary geographically. In the west and east, vegetation variability is found to be driven predominantly by temperature, with the impact of precipitation being of secondary importance. In the central plateau, however, temperature and precipitation factors are equally important in modulating the interannual vegetation variability.

关键词： Tibetan Plateau normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) ecosystem climate change interannual variability

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Some Splitting Methods for Equations of geophysical fluid dynamics

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Advances in atmospheric sciences 1995年第1期12卷 109-113页

作者：季仲贞王斌 LASG Institute of Atmospheric Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences

In this paper, equations of atmospheric and oceanic dynamics are reduced to a kind of evolutionary equation in operator form, based on which a conclusion that the separability of motion stages is relative is made and an issue that the tractional splitting methods established on the physical separability of the fast stage and the slow stage neglect the interaction between the two stages to some extent is shown. Also, three splitting patterns are summed up from the splitting methods in common use so that a comparison between them is carried out. The comparison shows that only the improved splitting pattern (ISP) can be in second order and keep the interaction well. Finally, the applications of some splitting methods on numerical simulations of typhoon tracks made clear that ISP owns the best effect and can save more than 80% CPU time.

关键词： Evolution equation Splitting method Fast and slow stages.

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On the Importance of High-Resolution in Large-Scale Ocean Models

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Advances in atmospheric sciences 2021年第10期38卷 1621-1634页

作者： Eric *** Xiaobiao XU Center for Ocean-atmospheric Prediction Studies(COAPS) Florida State UniversityTallahasseeFL32310USA

Eddying global ocean models are now routinely used for ocean prediction,and the value-added of a better representation of the observed ocean variability and western boundary currents at that resolution is currently being evaluated in climate *** overview article begins with a brief summary of the impact on ocean model biases of resolving eddies in several global ocean-sea ice numerical ***,a series of North and Equatorial Atlantic configurations are used to show that an increase of the horizontal resolution from eddy-resolving to submesoscale-enabled together with the inclusion of high-resolution bathymetry and tides significantly improve the models’abilities to represent the observed ocean variability and western boundary ***,the computational cost of these simulations is extremely large,and for these simulations to become routine,close collaborations with computer scientists are essential to ensure that numerical codes can take full advantage of the latest computing architecture.

关键词： ocean modeling numerical models horizontal resolution boundary currents

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From unusual suspect to serial killer: Cyanotoxins boosted by climate change may jeopardize megafauna

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The Innovation 2021年第2期2卷 73-75页

作者： Haijun Wang Chi Xu Ying Liu Erik Jeppesen Jens-Christian Svenning Jianguo Wu Wenxia Zhang Tianjun Zhou Puze Wang Shingirai Nangombe Jinge Ma Hongtao Duan Jingyun Fang Ping Xie Institute for Ecological Research and Pollution Control of Plateau Lakes School of Ecology and Environmental ScienceYunnan UniversityKunmingChina School of Life sciences Nanjing UniversityNanjingChina Department of Bioscience Aarhus UniversitySilkeborgDenmark Sino-Danish Centre for Education and Research BeijingChina Limnology laboratory Department of Biological SciencesMiddle East Technical UniversityAnkaraTurkey Centre for Ecosystem Research and Implementation(EKOSAM) Middle East Technical UniversityAnkaraTurkey Institute of Marine sciences Middle East Technical UniversityMersinTurkey Center for Biodiversity dynamics in a Changing World Department of BioscienceAarhus UniversityAarhusDenmark School of Life sciences and School of Sustainability Arizona State UniversityTempeAZUSA state key laboratory of numerical modeling for atmospheric sciences and geophysical fluid dynamics Institute of Atmospheric PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina CAS Center for Excellence in Tibetan Plateau Earth sciences Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina University of Chinese Academy of sciences BeijingChina Meteorological Services Department HarareZimbabwe Deutscher Wetterdienst PotsdamGermany Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology Chinese Academy of SciencesNanjingChina Yunnan University KunmingChina Department of Ecology College of Urban and Environments SciencesPeiking UniversityBeijingChina Donghu Experimental Station of Lake Ecosystems State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and BiotechnologyInstitute of HydrobiologyChinese Academy of SciencesWuhanChina

The recent mass mortality event of more than 330 African elephants in Botswana has been attributed to biotoxins produced by cyanobacteria;however,scientific evidence for this is ***,by synthesizing multiple sources of data,we show that,during the past decades,the widespread hypertrophic waters in Southern Africa have entailed an extremely high risk and frequent exposure of cyanotoxins to the wildlife within this area,which functions as a hotspot of mammal species *** hot and dry climatic extremes have most likely acted as the primary trigger of the recent and perhaps also of prehistoric mass mortality *** such climate extremes are projected to become more frequent in Southern Africa in the near future,there is a risk that similar tragedies may take place,rendering African megafauna species,especially those that are already endangered,in risk of ***,cyanotoxin poisoning amplified by climate change may have unexpected cascading effects on human *** within this perspective,the tragic mass death of the world's largest terrestrial mammal species serves as an alarming early warning signal of future environmental catastrophes in Southern *** suggest that systematic,quantitative cyanotoxin risk assessments are made and precautionary actions to mitigate the risks are taken without hesitation to ensure the health and sustainability of the megafauna and human societies within the region.

关键词： cyanobacteria toxin climate change eutrophication mammal conservation environmental health

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Fine-resolution simulation of surface current and sea ice in the Arctic Mediterranean Seas

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Chinese Journal of Oceanology and Limnology 2007年第2期25卷 132-138页

作者：刘喜迎张学洪宇如聪刘海龙李薇 LASG Institute of Atmospheric Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences China Meteorology Administration

A fine-resolution model is developed for ocean circulation simulation in the National key laboratory of numerical modeling for atmospheric sciences and geophysical fluid dynamics (LASG), Chinese Academy of sciences, and is applied to simulate surface current and sea ice variations in the Arctic Mediterranean Seas. A dynamic sea ice model in elastic-viscous-plastic rheology and a thermodynamic sea ice model are employed. A 200-year simulation is performed and a dimatological average of a 10-year period (141st-150th) is presented with focus on sea ice concentration and surface current variations in the Arctic Mediterranean Seas. The model is able to simulate well the East Greenland Current, Beaufort Gyre and the Transpolar Drift, but the simulated West Spitsbergen Current is small and weak. In the March climatology, the sea ice coverage can be simulated well except for a bit more ice in east of Spitsbergen Island. The result is also good for the September scenario except for less ice concentration east of Greenland and greater ice concentration near the ice margin. The extra ice east of Spitsbergen Island is caused by sea ice current convergence forced by atmospheric wind stress.

关键词：北极北冰洋表面流海冰大洋环流精度分辨率模拟

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Aerosol Indirect Effects on Warm Clouds in the Grid-Point atmospheric Model of IAP LASG(GAMIL)

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atmospheric and Oceanic Science Letters 2010年第4期3卷 237-241页

作者： Shi Xiang-Jun Wang Bin Liu Xiao-Hong Wang Ming-Huai Li Li-Juan Dong Li Institute of atmospheric Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100029 China Pacific Northwest National laboratory Richland Washington 99352 USA

Aerosol indirect effects on warm clouds are estimated in the Grid-point atmospheric Model of the state key laboratory of numerical modeling for atmospheric sciences and geophysical fluid dynamics,Institute of atmospheric Physics(IAP LASG)(GAMIL) with a new two-moment cloud microphysics scheme using two different physically-based aerosol activation parameterizations:Abdul-Razzak and Ghan,and Nenes and *** annual global mean changes in shortwave cloud forcing from preindustrial times to present day(a measure of the aerosol indirect effects) estimated from these two parameterizations are remarkably similar:0.76 W m?2 with the Abdul-Razzak and Ghan parameterization,and 0.78 W m?2 with the Nenes and Seinfeld ***-based parameterizations can provide robust representations of aerosol effects on droplet nucleation,meaning that aerosol activation is no longer the most uncertain factor in modeling aerosol indirect effects.

关键词： aerosol indirect effect droplet nucleation atmospheric model GAMIL

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Impact of the Kuroshio Extension Oceanic Front on Autumn and Winter Surface Air Temperatures over North America

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中国海洋大学学报（英文版） 2018年第4期 713-720页

作者： YUANLi andXIAOZiniu Chinese Academy of Meteorological sciences Chifeng Meteorelogical Service of Inner Mongolia state key laboratory of numerical modeling for atmospheric Science and geophysical fluid dynamics，Institute of atmospheric Physics，Chinese Academy of sciences

Mid-latitude air-sea interaction is an important topic that attracts a considerable amount of research interest. The Kuroshio Extension(KE) is one of the main western boundary currents and plays a critical role in the mid-latitude atmospheric circulation. This paper uses the NCEP/NCAR reanalysis and Hadley sea surface temperature datasets to investigate the influence of oceanic fronts in the KE region on surface air temperature in North America over the period 1949–2014. A significant correlation was found between the KE front intensity and the temperatures over North America in autumn and winter. A strong(weak) KE front anomaly in autumn is associated with an increasing(decreasing) surface temperature over western North America but a decreasing(increasing) surface temperature over eastern North America. In winter, central North America warms(cools) when the KE front is strong(weak). The response of the atmospheric circulation, including wind in the high and low troposphere, troughs, and ridges, to the strengthening(weakening) of the KE front is the main cause of these changes in surface temperature.

关键词： KUROSHIO EXTENSION surface air temperature NORTH AMERICA

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基于一个不同网格相互嵌套的陆气耦合模式的气候模拟研究(英文)

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Advances in atmospheric sciences 2002年第3期19卷 487-498页

作者：丹利季劲钧李银鹏 Institute of atmospheric Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing

An atmosphere-vegetation interaction model (AVIM) has been coupled with a nine-layer General Cir culation Model (GCM) of Institute of Atmospheic Physics / state key laboratory of numerical modeling for atmospheric sciences and geophysical fluid dynamics (IAP/ LASG), which is rhomboidally truncated at zonal wave number 15, to simulate global climatic mean states. AVIM is a model having inter-feedback between land surface processes and eco-physiological processes on land. As the first step to couple land with atmosphere completely, the physiological processes are fixed and only the physical part (generally named the SVAT (soil-vegetation-atmosphere-transfer scheme) model) of AVIM is nested into IAP/ LASG L9R15 GCM. The ocean part of GCM is prescribed and its monthly sea surface temperature (SST) is the climatic mean value. With respect to the low resolution of GCM, i.e., each grid cell having lon gitude 7.5?and latitude 4.5? the vegetation is given a high resolution of 1.5?by 1.5?to nest and couple the fine grid cells of land with the coarse grid cells of atmosphere. The coupling model has been integrated for 15 years and its last ten-year mean of outputs was chosen for *** with observed data and NCEP reanalysis, the coupled model simulates the main characteris tics of global atmospheric circulation and the fields of temperature and moisture. In particular, the simu lated precipitation and surface air temperature have sound results. The work creates a solid base on coupling climate models with the biosphere.

关键词： Land surface process (LSP) General circulation model (GCM) Nesting and coupling. Climatesimulation

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Wind-forced equatorial wave dynamics of the Pacific Ocean during 2014/2015 and 2015/2016 E1 Nino events

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Journal of Oceanology and Limnology 2020年第4期38卷 1123-1137页

作者： WANG Jing YUAN Dongliang XU Tengfei ZHAO Xia CAS key laboratory of Ocean Circulation and Waves Institute of OceanologyChinese Academy of SciencesQingdao 266071China Pilot National laboratory for Marine Science and Technology(Qingdao) Qingdao 266071China Center for Ocean Mega-Science Chinese Academy of SciencesQingdao 266071China First Institute of Oceanography Ministry of Natural ResourcesQingdao 266061China

The equatorial wave dynamics of interannual sea level variations between 2014/2015 and2015/2016 El Nino events are compared using the laboratory of numerical modeling for atmospheric sciences and geophysical fluid dynamics,Institute of atmospheric Physics Climate Ocean Model(LICOM) forced by the National Centers for Environmental Prediction(NCEP) reanalysis I wind stre s s and heat flux during *** addition,the LICOM can reproduce the interannual variability of sea surface temperature anomalies(SSTA) and sea level anomalies(SLA) along the equator over the Pacific Ocean in comparison with the Hadley center and altimetric data *** extracted the equatorial wave coefficients of LICOM simulation to get the contribution to SLA by multiplying the meridional wave *** 2014/2015 El Nino event,upwelling equatorial Kelvin waves from the western boundary in April2014 reach the eastern Pacific Ocean,which weakened SLA in the eastern Pacific ***,no upwelling equatorial Kelvin waves from the western boundary of the Pacific Ocean could reach the eastern boundary during the 2015/2016 El Nino *** wave model results also demonstrate that upwelling equatorial Kelvin waves in both 2014/2015 and 2015/2016 from the western boundary can reach the eastern ***,the contribution from stronger westerly anomalies forced downwelling equatorial Kelvin waves overwhelmed that from the upwelling equatorial Kelvin waves from the western boundary in ***,the western boundary reflection and weak westerly wind burst inhibited the growth of the 2014/2015 El Nino *** disclosed equatorial wave dynamics are important to the simulation and prediction of ENSO events in future studies.

关键词： Pacific Ocean equatorial waves western boundary reflection El Niño

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ENSO Hindcast Experiments Using a Coupled GCM

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atmospheric and Oceanic Science Letters 2009年第1期2卷 7-13页

作者： YAN Li YU Yong-Qiang WANG Bin LI Li-Juan WANG Pan-Xing Institute of atmospheric sciences Nanjing University ofInformation Science&TechnologyNanjing 210044China LASG Institute of Atmosphenic PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100029China

A group of seasonal hindcast experiments are conducted using a coupled model known as the Flexible Global Ocean-Atmosphere-Land System Modelgamil1.11 (FGOALS-g1.11) developed at the state key laboratory of numerical modeling for atmospheric sciences and geophysical fluid dynamics (LASG).Two steps are included in our ElNi o-Southern Oscillation (ENSO) hindcast *** first step is to integrate the coupled GCM with the Sea Surface Temperature (SST) strongly nudged towards the observation from 1971 to *** second step is to remove the SST nudging *** authors carried out a one-year hindcast by adopting the initial values from SST nudging experiments from the first step on January 1st,April 1st,July 1st,and October 1st from 1982 to *** the SST nudging experiment,the model can reproduce the observed equatorial thermocline anomalies and zonal wind stress anomalies in the Pacific,which demonstrates that the SST nudging approach can provide realistic atmospheric and oceanic initial conditions for seasonal prediction *** model also demonstrates a high Anomaly Correlation Coefficient (ACC) score for SST in most of the tropical Pacific,Atlantic Ocean,and some Indian Ocean regions with a 3-month *** with the persistence ACC score,this model shows much higher ACC scores for the Ni o-3.4 index for a 9-month lead.

关键词： ENSO coupled GCM SST nudging seasonal hindcast experiment

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