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Metabolic insights into gut microbiota in the pharmacology of natural medicines

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Chinese Journal of Natural Medicines 2025年第02期23卷 158-168页

作者： Zixin Chen Junchi Zhou Xiao Zheng Hao Xie Haiping Hao state key laboratory of Natural Medicines China Pharmaceutical University laboratory of Metabolic Regulation and drug Target Discovery School of Pharmacy China Pharmaceutical University

Natural medicines(NMs) demonstrate distinct advantages in the clinical management of chronic diseases. Recent years have seen growing recognition of the gut microbiota's role in the efficacy and synergy of NMs, providing new impetus for elucidating the material basis and mechanisms of NMs and their path toward modernization. A fundamental question that has emerged is how NM-microbiota interactions integrate into the multi-target holistic mechanisms of NMs, the answer to which may also illuminate new avenues for drug discovery. Metabolic regulation via small-molecule metabolites has been increasingly implicated in host-microbe interaction. This review presents an integral metabolic perspective on NMs-microbiota interaction in host health and disease. It highlights the emerging understanding of gut microbiota-related metabolic signals implicated in NM components' local and systemic actions. Additionally, it discusses key issues and prospects related to drug development and the translational study of NMs.

关键词： drug discovery Gut microbiota Metabolic signals Natural medicines Pharmacokinetics

Tandem asymmetric dearomatized functionalization reaction of phenols with Evans-ynamides enabled by divergent electrophiles

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Science China Chemistry 2025年第2期68卷 649-660页

作者： Ying-Qi Zhang Gan-Lu Qian Yun Liu Jia-Hui Li Xin Hong Zhou Xu Bo Zhou Long-Wu Ye state key laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology of Fujian Provinceand College of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringXiamen UniversityXiamen 361005China Center of Chemistry for Frontier Technologies Department of ChemistryState Key Laboratory of Clean Energy UtilizationZhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310027China Jiangsu key laboratory of new drug Research and Clinical Pharmacy School of PharmacyXuzhou Medical UniversityXuzhou 221004China state key laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry Nankai UniversityTianjin 300071China state key laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry Chinese Academy of SciencesShanghai 200032China

Herein,we disclose a highly regio-/chemoselective tandem asymmetric dearomatized halofunctionalization reaction of phenoltethered ynamides with diverse electrophilic halogenation sources in a catalyst-free manner for the practical and rapid assembly of a series of halogenated spirocyclic ***,the related dearomatized selenation and protonation are also achieved,affording the corresponding selenated and protonated spirocycles in high ***,the enantioselectivities of these products can be perfectly induced by Evans auxiliaries(99%ees).Significantly,this protocol not only represents the first tandem asymmetric halofunctionalization reaction of phenol derivatives,but also constitutes the first asymmetric halogenation/selenation of *** calculations indicate a remote induction model of Evans chiral auxiliary-attached keteniminium.

关键词： alkynes cyclization dearomatization Evans chiral auxiliary spirocycles

Adsorption removal of mercury from flue gas by metal selenide:A review

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2025年第2期148卷 420-436页

作者： Yang Zheng Guoliang Li Yi Xing Wenqing Xu Tao Yue School of Energy and Environmental Engineering University of Science and Technology BeijingBeijing 100083China state key laboratory of Advanced Metallurgy University of Science and Technology BeijingBeijing 100083China CAS key laboratory of Green process and Engineering Institute of Process EngineeringInnovation Academy for Green ManufactureChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China

Mercury(Hg)pollution has been a global concern in recent decades,posing a significant threat to entire ecosystems and human health due to its cumulative toxicity,persistence,and transport in the *** intense interaction between mercury and selenium has opened up a new field for studying mercury removal from industrial flue gas *** the advantages of good Hg0 capture performance and lowsecondary pollution of the mineral selenium compounds,the most noteworthy is the relatively low regeneration temperature,allowing adsorbent regeneration with low energy consumption,thus reducing the utilization cost and enabling recovery of mercury *** paper reviews the recent progress of mineral selenium compounds in flue gas mercury removal,introduces in detail the different types ofmineral selenium compounds studied in the field ofmercury removal,reviews the adsorption performance of various mineral selenium compounds adsorbents on mercury and the influence of flue gas components,such as reaction temperature,air velocity,and other factors,and summarizes the adsorption mechanism of different fugitive forms of selenium *** on the current research progress,future studies should focus on the economic performance and the performance of different carriers and sizes of adsorbents for the removal of Hg0 and the correlation between the gas-particle flow characteristics and gas phase mass transfer with the performance of Hg0 removal in practical industrial *** addition,it remains a challenge to distinguish the oxidation and adsorption of Hg0 quantitatively.

关键词： Non-conventional pollutants Adsorbents Metal selenides Flue gas Mercury removal

General expert consensus on the application of network pharmacology in the research and development of new traditional Chinese medicine drugs

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Chinese Journal of Natural Medicines 2025年第2期23卷 129-142页

作者： Shao Li Wei Xiao Institute of TCM-X/MOE key laboratory of Bioinformatics Bioinformatics Division BNRist/Department of Automation Tsinghua University state key laboratory on Technologies for Chinese Medicine pharmaceutical process Control and Intelligent Manufacture Jiangsu Kanion Pharmaceutical Co. Ltd.

The research and development of new traditional Chinese medicine(TCM) drugs have progressively established a novel system founded on the integration of TCM theory, human experience, and clinical trials(termed the “Three Combinations”). However, considering TCM's distinctive features of “syndrome differentiation and treatment” and “multicomponent formulations and complex mechanisms”, current TCM drug development faces challenges such as insufficient understanding of the material basis and the overall mechanism of action and an incomplete evidence chain system. Moreover, significant obstacles persist in gathering human experience data, evaluating clinical efficacy, and controlling the quality of active ingredients, which impede the innovation process in TCM drug development. Network pharmacology, centered on the “network targets” theory, transcends the limitations of the conventional“single target” reductionist research model. It emphasizes the comprehensive effects of disease or syndrome biological networks as targets to elucidate the overall regulatory mechanism of TCM prescriptions. This approach aligns with the holistic perspective of TCM, offering a novel method consistent with TCM's holistic view for investigating the complex mechanisms of TCM and developing new TCM drugs. It is internationally recognized as a “next-generation drug research model”. To advance the research of new tools, methods, and standards for TCM evaluation and to overcome fundamental, critical, and cutting-edge technical challenges in TCM regulation, this consensus aims to explore the characteristics, progress, challenges, applicable pathways, and specific applications of network pharmacology as a new theory, method, and tool in TCM drug development. The goal is to enhance the quality of TCM drug research and development and accelerate the efficiency of developing new TCM products.

关键词： Expert consensus Network pharmacology Research and development of new traditional Chinese medicine drugs

Enhanced oral drug delivery by mimicking natural amino acid and oligopeptide absorption route

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Nano Research 2025年第2期18卷 525-540页

作者： Ruinan Wu Xiaoxing Fan Licheng Wu Liyun Xing Jinxia Kong Zhou Zhou Jingyuan Wen Lian Li Yuan Huang key laboratory of drug-Targeting and drug Delivery System of the Education Ministry and Sichuan Province Sichuan Engineering Laboratory for Plant-Sourced Drug and Sichuan Research Center for Drug Precision Industrial TechnologyWest China School of PharmacySichuan UniversityChengdu 610041China School of Pharmacy Faculty of Medical and Health SciencesUniversity of AucklandAuckland 1023New Zealand

Oral delivery of protein and peptide drugs presents considerable challenges due to their susceptibility to digestive enzymes in gastrointestinal(Gl)tract and low efficiency of transepithelial ***,inspired by efficient absorption of protein-based nutrients,we constructed several kinds of oral drug delivery systems by mimicking natural amino acid and oligopeptide absorption *** kinds of amino acids and two kinds of oligopeptides were chosen as targeting ligands to mediate transportation of orally administered nanoparticles(NPs).Liraglutide(Lira),a kind of glucagon like peptide-1(GLP-1)receptor agonist,was used as model *** functionalized NPs could protect Lira from enzymatic degradation in Gl ***,compared with amino acid-modified NPs,oligopeptide-modified NPs exhibited greater transepithelial transport efficiency and were primarily absorbed in the proximal small intestine due to the high expression and transportation mediated by proton coupled oligopeptide transporter 1(PEPT1).These Lira-loaded NPs could effectively control the blood glucose level,reduce plasma lipid level,and repair tissue damage on type 2 diabetic mice and even showed comparable hypoglycemic effects of subcutaneous injection(s.c.)free *** study demonstrates the potential of mimicking natural oligopeptide absorption route to enhance oral delivery of protein and peptide drugs.

关键词： oral drug delivery amino acid absorption route oligopeptide absorption route liraglutide

Review of Astragalus membranaceus polysaccharides:Extraction process,structural features, bioactivities and applications

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Chinese Herbal Medicines 2025年第1期17卷 56-69页

作者： Hongyue Tian Lingzhuo An Pengwang Wang Xuemin Zhang Wenyuan Gao Xia Li Tianjin key laboratory for Modern drug Delivery & High-Efficiency School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology Tianjin University key laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine Resources Research Enterprises College of Pharmacy Qinghai Minzu University

Astragalus membranaceus possesses the function of enhancing immunity,protecting the liver,diuretic,anti-aging,anti-stress,anti-hypertensive,and more extensive antibacterial ***,one kind of the major active ingredients of ***,are considered to be responsible for their versatile ***,a systematic summary of research progress and prospects of polysaccharides from *** polysaccharides(AMPs) is necessary to facilitate their further study and *** this review,the optimal extraction methods,structural features,biological activities,and applications of AMPs were *** structure-activity relationships are also analyzed and ***,ultrasonic,microwave,enzyme-assisted,ultra-high pressure,and combined methods have been used to extract *** them,solvent extraction is the most commonly used method because it is simple and easy to operate,but the efficiency needs to be improved *** ultra-high pressure method is the most efficient but has a low economic *** exhibited various bioactivities,including immunomodulation,antitumor,and *** structure-activity relationships revealed that different structure configurations,chain conformations,and physical properties would have different ***,the new method for purification of certain polysaccharides,detailed structure-activity relationships(SAR),mechanisms of bioactivities,and quality control of AMPs need to be extensively investigated.

关键词： antidiabetic activity antitumor applications Astragalus membranaceus (Fisch.) Bge. Astragalus membranaceus polysaccharides extraction process immunomodulation structure-activity relationship

Emerging patterns of antimicrobial resistance:Concurrent presence of mcr-1.1 and mcr-8.1 in a ST15 Klebsiella pneumoniae isolated from poultry in China

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2025年第1期24卷 403-407页

作者： Dong'an Cui Panpan Liu Ling Wang Jiongjie He Yuzhang Yan Mengke Ru Baocheng Hao Yan Sun Shengyi Wang key laboratory of new Animal drug Project Gansu Province/Key Laboratory of Veterinary Pharmaceutical DevelopmentMinistry of Agriculture and Rural AffairsLanzhou Institute of Husbandry and Pharmaceutical SciencesChinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesLanzhou 730050China College of Animal Science and Technology Guangxi UniversityNanning 530005China China Institute of Veterinary drug Control Beijing 100081China

Colistin serves as a crucial treatment for multidrugresistant(MDR)Gram-negative bacterial ***,its excessive use has contributed to an increase in colistin-resistant strains within livestock production(Binsker et al.2022).The mobile colistin resistance gene,mcr,which reduces colistin affinity by incorporating phosphoethanolamine(pEtN)into the bacterial lipopolysaccharide,significantly compromises the effectiveness of colistin treatments(Liu et al.2016).

关键词： poultry treatment compromise

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Highly anticipated natural diterpenoids as an important source of new drugs in 2013-2023

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Chinese Chemical Letters 2025年第1期36卷 119-136页

作者： Yingjie Wang Peng Tang Wenchao Tu Qi Gao Cuizhu Wang Luying Tan Lixin Zhao Hongye Han Liefeng Ma Kouharu Otsuki Weilie Xiao Wenli Wang Jinping Liu Yong Li Zhajun Zhan Wei Li Xianli Zhou Ning Li School of Traditional Chinese Materia Medica Key Laboratory of Innovative Traditional Chinese Medicine for Major Chronic Diseases of Liaoning provinceKey Laboratory for TCM Material Basis Study and Innovative Drug Development of Shenyang CityShenyang Pharmaceutical UniversityShenyang 110016China key laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry for Natural Resource Ministry of EducationYunnan Characteristic Plant Extraction LaboratoryYunnan Key Laboratory of Research and Development for Natural ProductsSchool of Pharmacy and School of Chemical Science and TechnologyState Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Bio-Resources in YunnanYunnan UniversityKunming 650091China School of Pharmacy Nantong UniversityNantong 226001China School of pharmaceutical Sciences Jilin UniversityChangchun 130021China state key laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines Institute of Materia MedicaChinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijing 100050China College of pharmaceutical Sciences Zhejiang University of TechnologyHangzhou 310014China Faculty of pharmaceutical Sciences Toho UniversityFunabashiChiba 274-8510Japan School of Life Science and Engineering Southwest Jiaotong UniversityChengdu 610031China

This review covers the structures of diterpenoids,including chain(72),monocyclic(9),labdane-type(67),clerodane-type(127)abietane-type(716),ent-kaurane-type(89),grayanane-type(331),ingenanetype(55),tigliane-type(154),daphnane-type(237),and aconitine-type diterpene alkaloids(265)with rich biological activities reported in *** the drugs in clinical use or under clinical investigation of diterpenoids and leading compounds were summarized.

关键词： Natural diterpenoids Structures Bioactivities druggability Leading compounds new drugs

In situ construction of Cu(Ⅰ)-Cu(Ⅱ) pairs for efficient electrocatalytic nitrate reduction reaction to ammonia

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2025年第1期100卷 106-113页

作者： Muyun Zheng Yuchi Wan Leping Yang Shen Ao Wangyang Fu Zhengjun Zhang Zheng-Hong Huang Tao Ling Feiyu Kang Ruitao Lv state key laboratory of new Ceramics and Fine processing School of Materials Science and EngineeringTsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China Institute of new Energy Materials and Engineering School of Materials Science and EngineeringFuzhou UniversityFuzhou 350108FujianChina key laboratory of Advanced Materials(MOE) School of Materials Science and EngineeringTsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China key laboratory for Advanced Ceramics and Machining Technology of Ministry of Education Tianjin Key Laboratory of Composite and Functional MaterialsSchool of Materials Science and EngineeringTianjin UniversityTianjin 300072China

Electrocatalytic nitrate reduction reaction (NO_(3)-RR) to ammonia under ambient conditions is expected to be a green process for ammonia synthesis and alleviate water pollution *** report a CuO nanoparticles incorporated on nitrogen-doped porous carbon (CuO@NC) catalyst for NO_(3)-*** of Cu(Ⅱ) is reduced to Cu(Ⅰ) during the NO_(3)-RR process to construct Cu(Ⅰ)-Cu(Ⅱ) pairs,confirmed by in situ X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and Raman *** functional theory (DFT) calculations indicated that the formation of Cu(Ⅰ) could provide a reaction path with smaller energy barrier for NO_(3)-RR,while Cu(Ⅱ) effectively suppressed the competition of hydrogen evolution reaction (HER).As a result,CuO@NC catalyst achieved a Faradaic efficiency of 84.2% at -0.49 V versus reversible hydrogen electrode (RHE),and a NH_(3)yield rate of 17.2 mg h^(-1)mg^(-1)*** -0.79 V ***,higher than the HaberBosch process (new avenue for effective NO_(3)-RR by modulating oxidation states.

关键词： Ammonia synthesis Cu oxidation state Electrochemistry Nitrate reduction In situ XPS

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