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International Journal of Minerals,Metallurgy and Materials 2024年第5期31卷 1072-1088页

作者： Zongli Yi Jiguo Shan Yue Zhao Zhenlin Zhang Aiping Wu Department of Mechanical Engineering Tsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China College of Engineering China Agricultural UniversityBeijing 100091China state key laboratory of clean and efficient turbomachinery power equipment Department of Mechanical EngineeringTsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China key laboratory for Advanced Materials Processing Technology Ministry of EducationBeijing 100084China School of Material Science and Engineering Southwest Jiaotong UniversityChengdu 610031China

Nickel-based superalloys are extensively used in the crucial hot-section components of industrial gas turbines,aeronautics,and astronautics because of their excellent mechanical properties and corrosion resistance at high *** welding serves as an effective means for joining and repairing these alloys;however,fusion welding-induced liquation cracking has been a challenging *** paper comprehensively reviewed recent liquation cracking,discussing the formation mechanisms,cracking criteria,and *** recent investigations,regulating material composition,changing the preweld heat treatment of the base metal,optimizing the welding process parameters,and applying auxiliary control methods are effective strategies for mitigating *** promote the application of nickel-based superalloys,further research on the combination impact of multiple elements on cracking prevention and specific quantitative criteria for liquation cracking is necessary.

关键词： nickel-based superalloy fusion welding liquation cracking cracking mechanism cracking suppression

Laser-upgraded coal tar for smart pavements in road and bridge monitoring applications

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Microsystems & Nanoengineering 2024年第2期10卷 231-239页

作者： Jincai Huang Man Zhang Haoyun He Qingang Li Yixin Zhao Qiulin Tan Xining Zang Department of Mechanical Engineering Tsinghua UniversityBeijing100084China state key laboratory of clean and efficient turbomachinery power equipment Department of Mechanical EngineeringTsinghua UniversityBeijing100084China key laboratory for Advanced Materials Processing Technology Ministry of EducationBeijing100084China Science and Technology on Electronic Test and Measurement laboratory North University of ChinaTaiyuan030051China School of Energy and Mining Engineering China University of Mining and Technology(Beijing)Beijing100083China

The implementation of an intelligent road network system requires many sensors for acquiring data from roads,bridges,and vehicles,thereby enabling comprehensive monitoring and regulation of road *** this large number of required sensors,the sensors must be cost-effective,dependable,and environmentally ***,we show a laser upgrading strategy for coal tar,a low-value byproduct of coal distillation,to manufacture flexible strain-gauge sensors with maximum gauge factors of 15.20 and 254.17 for tension and compression ***,we completely designed the supporting processes of sensor placement,data acquisition,processing,wireless communication,and information decoding to demonstrate the application of our sensors in traffic and bridge vibration *** novel strategy of using lasers to upgrade coal tar for use as a sensor not only achieves the goal of turning waste into a resource but also provides an approach to satisfy large-scale application requirements for enabling intelligent road networks.

关键词： gauge bridge smart

基于氧等离子体辐照处理的缺陷工程策略调控石墨烯性能

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Science China Materials 2024年第6期67卷 2023-2031页

作者：裴家云宋爱生陈锦淙金炜烨杨帆赵海燕马天宝 Department of Mechanical Engineering Tsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China state key laboratory of Tribology in Advanced equipment Tsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China state key laboratory of clean and efficient turbomachinery power equipment Department of Mechanical EngineeringTsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China

从石墨烯的制备到实际应用的整个过程中,缺陷的存在或引入不可避免.因此,阐明缺陷如何影响石墨烯的性能至关重要.本研究通过实验研究和理论计算的方法研究了石墨烯的结构变化、缺陷演变及性能调控.结果表明,当处于sp3缺陷状态时,石墨烯... 详细信息

从石墨烯的制备到实际应用的整个过程中,缺陷的存在或引入不可避免.因此,阐明缺陷如何影响石墨烯的性能至关重要.本研究通过实验研究和理论计算的方法研究了石墨烯的结构变化、缺陷演变及性能调控.结果表明,当处于sp3缺陷状态时,石墨烯能够较好的保持其原始的机械性能,而随着缺陷数量迅速增加,石墨烯的机械性能显著下降,整体结构最终被破坏.此外,氧等离子体辐照引入的空位缺陷的散射效应增加了电子散射的概率,但掺杂效应有利于石墨烯的电传输;同时,石墨烯面内导电性与氧等离子体处理引起的石墨烯表面起伏程度呈负相关.本工作为基于缺陷工程的石墨烯和其它二维材料的改性研究提供了指导方向.

关键词： defect engineering graphene oxygen plasma me-chanical and electrical properties

Effect of different operation conditions on PCDD/F inhibition by ammonium dihydrogen phosphate:concentrations,distributions and mechanisms

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Waste Disposal and Sustainable Energy 2024年第1期6卷 11-23页

作者： Jiayao Wu Weican Xiang Xiaoxiao Wang Wenlong Song Yuxuan Ying Xiaoqing Lin Xiaodong Li state key laboratory of clean Energy Utilization National Engineering Laboratory of Waste Incineration Technology and EquipmentInstitute of Thermal Power Engineering of Zhejiang UniversityHangzhou310027ZhejiangChina

Phosphorus-containing compounds are considered as the potential alternatives of traditional inhibitors for suppressing the formation of polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins and dibenzofurans(PCDD/Fs),but the suppression characteristics are scarcely *** this study,ammonium dihydrogen phosphate(ADP)was selected as the inhibitor to inhibit the PCDD/F formation via de novo synthesis at 350℃.The influence of oxygen content and addition method on PCDD/F inhibition was systematically investigated by means of statistical analysis and morphological *** results showed that oxygen enhanced the formation of PCDD/Fs from 1470 ng g^(−1)(9.78 ng I-TEQ g^(−1))to 2110 ng g^(−1)(14.8 ng I-TEQ g^(−1)).ADP significantly inhibited the PCDD/F formation,with inhibition efficiencies ranging from 82.0%to 97.7%.Herein,a higher oxygen content and the premixed way intensified the suppression ***-p-dioxin(DD)/dibenzofuran(DF)chlorination was proven to be effectively suppressed while chlorophenol(CP)route was not obviously *** the addition of ADP,Cl source was significantly reduced and the formation of organic Cl was effectively ***,it decreased the proportion of C–O/C=N and C=O,revealing the efficient inhibition of carbon ***,the formation of copper phosphate and copper pyrophosphate was observed in XPS(X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy)spectra,indicating that the catalytic metal Cu was chelated and passivated by *** premixed way had a better effect on reducing Cl resources,inhibiting oxidation and chelating metals,due to the direct contact with ***,the separation method could only depend on the decomposed gases,resulting in a lower inhibition efficiency.

关键词： Ammonium dihydrogen phosphate Polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins and dibenzofuran inhibition Oxygen content Adding way Mechanisms

Security-constrained Transmission Maintenance Optimization Considering Generation and Operational Risk Costs

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Journal of Modern power Systems and clean Energy 2024年第3期12卷 767-781页

作者： Dan Xu Zhi Cai Qian Cheng Guodong Huang Jingyang Zhou Junjie Tang Beijing key laboratory of Research and System Evaluation of power Dispatching Automation Technology China Electric Power Research InstituteBeijing 100192China state key laboratory of power Transmission equipment&System Security and New Technology Chongqing UniversityChongqing 400044China

With the large-scale integration of renewable energy,the traditional maintenance arrangement during the load valley period cannot satisfy the transmission demand of renewable energy ***,in a market-oriented operation mode,the power dispatching control center aims to reduce the overall power purchase cost while ensuring the security of the power ***,a security-constrained transmission maintenance optimization model considering generation and operational risk costs is proposed *** model is built on double-layer optimization framework,where the upper-layer model is used for maintenance and generation planning,and the lowerlayer model is primarily used to address the operational security risk arising from the random prediction error and N-1 transmission ***,a generation-maintenance iterative algorithm based on a defined cost feedback is included to increase solution *** cost is determined using long-term security-constrained unit commitment,and the operational risk cost is obtained using a double-layer N-1 risk assessment *** electrical correlation coupling coefficient is proposed for the solution process to avoid maintenance of associated equipment simultaneously,thereby improving model convergence *** IEEE 118-bus system is used as a test case for illustration,and test results suggest that the proposed model and algorithm can reduce the total cost of transmission maintenance and system operation while effectively improving the solution efficiency of the joint optimization model.

关键词： Transmission maintenance security-constrained unit commitment iterative algorithm cost feedback N−1 risk assessment

Multi-area Frequency-constrained Unit Commitment for power Systems with High Penetration of Renewable Energy Sources and Induction Machine Load

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Journal of Modern power Systems and clean Energy 2024年第3期12卷 754-766页

作者： Leibao Wang Hui Fan Jifeng Liang Longxun Xu Tiecheng Li Peng Luo Bo Hu Kaigui Xie the state Grid Hebei Electric power Research Institute Shijiazhuang 050021China state key laboratory of power Transmission equipment&System Security and New Technology Chongqing UniversityChongqing 400044China

The increasing penetration of renewable energy sources(RESs)brings great challenges to the frequency security of power *** traditional frequency-constrained unit commitment(FCUC)analyzes frequency by simplifying the average system frequency and ignoring numerous induction machines(IMs)in load,which may underestimate the risk and increase the operational *** this paper,we consider a multiarea frequency response(MAFR)model to capture the frequency dynamics in the unit scheduling problem,in which regional frequency security and the inertia of IM load are modeled with high-dimension differential algebraic equations.A multi-area FCUC(MFCUC)is formulated as mixed-integer nonlinear programming(MINLP)on the basis of the MAFR ***,we develop a multi-direction decomposition algorithm to solve the MFCUC *** original MINLP is decomposed into a master problem and *** subproblems check the nonlinear frequency dynamics and generate linear optimization cuts for the master problem to improve the frequency security in its optimal *** studies on the modified IEEE 39-bus system and IEEE 118-bus system show a great reduction in operational ***,simulation results verify the ability of the proposed MAFR model to reflect regional frequency security and the available inertia of IMs in unit scheduling.

关键词： Decomposition algorithm frequency response frequency-constrained unit commitment induction machine multi-area mixed-integer nonlinear programming(MINLP)

Screening-current-induced magnetic fields and strains in a compact REBCO coil in self field and background field

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Superconductivity 2024年第1期9卷 35-49页

作者： Yufan Yan Donghui Jiang Peng Song Jeonghwan Park Seungyong Hahn Yunfei Tan Timing Qu Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Seoul National UniversitySeoul 08826Republic of Korea state key laboratory of clean and efficient turbomachinery power equipment Department of Mechanical EngineeringTsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China High Magnetic Field laboratory Hefei Institutes of Physical ScienceChinese Academy of SciencesHefei 230031China Wuhan National High Magnetic Field Center Huazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan 430074China

REBa_(2)Cu_(3)O_(7−x)(REBCO)coated conductors,owing to its high tensile strength and current‐carrying ability in a background field,are widely regarded a promising candidate in high‐field *** the great potentials,recent studies have highlighted the challenges posed by screening currents,which are featured by a highly nonuniform current distribution in the superconducting *** this paper,we report a comprehensive study on the behaviors of screening currents in a compact REBCO coil,specifically the screeningcurrent‐induced magnetic fields and *** were carried out in the self‐generated magnetic field and a background field,*** the self‐field condition,the full hysteresis of the magnetic field was obtained by applying current sweeps with repeatedly reversed polarity,as the nominal center field reached 9.17 T with a maximum peak current of 350 *** a background field of 23.15 T,the insert coil generated a center field of 4.17 T with an applied current of 170 ***,a total center field of 32.58 T was achieved before *** the sequential model and the coupled model considering the perpendicular field modification due to conductor deformation are *** comparative study shows that,for this coil,the electromagnetic–mechanical coupling plays a trivial role in self‐field conditions up to 9 *** contrast,with a high axial field dominated by the background field,the coupling effect has a stronger influence on the predicted current and strain *** discussions regarding the role of background field on the strains in the insert suggest potential design strategies to maximize the total center field.

关键词： Electromagnetic-mechanical analysis High‐field insert coil REBCO coated conductor Screening‐current‐induced magnetic field Screening‐current‐induced stress

power Flow Model for Medium-voltage Distribution Systems Considering Measurement and Structure Characteristics

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Journal of Modern power Systems and clean Energy 2024年第2期12卷 571-583页

作者： Zhengmei Lu Wei Yan Dezhi Huang Junjie Tang Ferdinanda Ponci Antonello Monti state key laboratory of power Transmission equipment&System Security and New Technology Chongqing UniversityChongqing 400044China state Grid Zhejiang Yiwu power Supply Company State Grid Zhejiang Electric Power CompanyYiwu 322001China Institute for Automation of Complex power Systems of the E.ON Energy Research Center at RWTH Aachen University Aachen52074Germany Digital Energy Fraunhofer FIT Aachen52072Germany IEEE

Medium-voltage distribution systems(MVDSs)mainly consist of a feeder head,lines,distribution transformers,and the equivalent load or power supply interfaced with the distribution *** information of such load or power supply can be measured via the three-wattmeter method(THM)and the two-wattmeter method(TWM).The measurements can be used to perform the control of the power supply and simulate the characteristics of the load,so the models of the load and the power supply need to consider the measurement *** research works on three-phase power flow(PF)just consider the measurement characteristics of ***,the PF equation of the bus measured via TWM is firstly *** on conventional measurements,an accurate and general model of the grounded and ungrounded slack bus is ***,the influence arising from the connection type and angle shift of distribution transformers on the admittance matrix is considered,and thus a general three-phase transformer model is summarized,which is applicable for all the transformers mentioned ***,Newton's method is adopted to solve the PF calculation,and the performance of the proposed PF model is demonstrated through designed tests.

关键词： Medium-voltage distribution system three-phase power flow calculation measurement characteristic slack bus modeling distribution transformer

Correlating dynamic relaxation and viscoelasticity in metallic glasses

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Science China(Physics,Mechanics & Astronomy) 2024年第5期67卷 81-90页

作者： GuangHui Xing Qi Hao Fan Zhu Yun-Jiang Wang Yong Yang Hidemi Kato Eloi Pineda Si Lan JiChao Qiao School of Mechanics Civil Engineering and ArchitectureNorthwestern Polytechnical UniversityXi'an 710072China state key laboratory of Nonlinear Mechanics Institute of MechanicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China School of Engineering Science University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China Department of Mechanical Engineering College of EngineeringCity University of Hong KongHong Kong 999077China Department of Materials Science and Engineering College of EngineeringCity University of Hong KongHong Kong 999077China Institute for Materials Research Tohoku UniversitySendai 980-8577Japan Department of Physics Institute of Energy TechnologiesUniversitat Politècnica de CatalunyaBarceona 9Spain School of Material Science and Engineering Herbert Gleiter Institute of NanoscienceNanjing University of Science and Technology.Nanjing 210094China state key laboratory of clean and efficient turbomachinery power equipment Northwestern Polytechnical UniversityXi'an 710072China

Relaxation dynamics,essential for the structural evolution of non-equilibrium systems like glassy materials,remain ***,we explore relaxation dynamics and viscoelastic properties in three types of metallic glasses with distinctβrelaxation *** systems with significantβrelaxation,stress relaxation and creep experiments reveal a transition from two-step to one-step relaxation with rising ***,such a phenomenon is absent in systems with weakerβ*** model the two-step relaxation process using a double Kohlrausch-Williams-Watts equation,and the obtained relaxation times elegantly adhere to the Arrhenius *** combining fitted activation energies with theoretical analysis,we conclusively attribute these relaxation processes toβrelaxation andαrelaxation,***,we analyze the relaxation time spectra of two processes and establish a comprehensive picture linking dynamic relaxation with *** study provides new strategies for probing the complex relaxation behaviors of glasses from the perspective of viscoelasticity.

关键词： creep relaxation glasses

Energy Blockchain in Smart Communities: Towards Affordable clean Energy Supply for the Built Environment

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Energy Engineering 2024年第8期121卷 2313-2330页

作者： Mingguan Zhao Lida Liao Penglong Liang Meng Li Xinsheng Dong Yang Yang Hongxia Wang Zhenhao Zhang Electric power Research Institute State Grid Xinjiang Electric Power Co.Ltd.Urumqi830013China School of Energy and power Engineering Changsha University of Science&TechnologyChangsha410114China Kumul power Supply Company State Grid Xinjiang Electric Power Co.Ltd.Urumqi830013China Xinjiang key laboratory of Extreme Environment Operation and Detection Technology of power Transmission&Transformation equipment Urumqi830013China

The rapid growth of distributed renewable energy penetration is promoting the evolution of the energy system toward decentralization and decentralized and digitized smart *** study was based on energy blockchain,and developed a dual-biding mechanism based on the real-time energy surplus and demand in the local smart grid,which is expected to enable reliable,affordable,and clean energy supply in smart *** the proposed system,economic benefits could be achieved by replacing fossil-fuel-based electricity with the high penetration of affordable solar PV *** reduction of energy surplus realized by distributed energy production and P2P energy trading,within the smart grid results in less transmission loss and lower requirements for costly upgrading of existing *** adopting energy blockchain and smart contract technologies,energy secure trading with a low risk of privacy leakage could be *** prototype is examined through a case study,and the feasibility and efficiency of the proposed mechanism are further validated by scenario analysis.

关键词： Solar PV smart community energy blockchain P2P energy trading smart grid affordable energy supply