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The mechanisms of enhanced thickness-dependent DC breakdown strength of EP/MWCNTs nanocomposites

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High Voltage 2024年第2期9卷 440-452页

作者： Zhen Li He Gao Longfei Zhang Shouming Wang Ji Liu Shengtao Li key Laboratory of Engineering Dielectrics and Its Application Ministry of EducationHarbin University of Science and TechnologyHarbinChina state key Laboratory of Electrical Insulation and Power Equipment Xi'an Jiaotong UniversityXi'anChina

Owing to advanced power electronic and electrical applications developing towards miniaturisation and integration,the thickness-dependent DC breakdown mechanism of epoxy/multiwall-carbon-nanotube nanocomposites is under *** results indicate that the breakdown strength of nanocomposites containing 0.05 wt%multiwall-carbon-nanotubes rises by~18%,and the breakdown strength falls exponentially with increasing *** clarify the microscopic mechanism,a simulation model of DC breakdown,including carriers transport and segmental dynamics,is developed,and the accordant simulation results with experimental results indicate that the thickness-dependent DC breakdown of epoxy/multiwall-carbon-nanotube nanocomposites is determined both by segment chain dynamics and charge *** to the breakdown model analysis,the effects of multiwall-carbon-nanotube on enhanced breakdown strength are caused by the increased amount of deep traps in the interfacial region,while the influence of thickness is attributed to the enlarged segment chain displacement and electric field distortion as the voltage raising time increases.

关键词： strength breakdown nanocomposites

A soft-contact hybrid electromagnetic–triboelectric nanogenerator for self-powered water splitting towards hydrogen production

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Nano Research 2024年第7期17卷 6567-6574页

作者： Fuxue Ma Yingjie Wu Shuge Dai Pei Lin Junlu Sun Lin Dong key Laboratory of Material Physics of ministry of education and School of Physics and MicroelectronicsZhengzhou UniversityZhengzhou 450000China

The effective acquisition of hydrogen energy from the ocean offers a promising sustainable solution for increasing global energy ***,a self-powered high-efficient hydrogen generation system is proposed by integrating a triboelectric–electromagnetic hybrid nanogenerator(TEHG),power management circuit(PMC),and an electrolytic *** the wind triggering,as-fabricated TEHG can effectively convert breeze energy into electric energy,which demonstrates a high output current of 20.3 mA at a speed rotation of 700 rpm and the maximal output power of 13.8 mW at a load of 10 MΩ.Remarkably,asdesigned self-powered system can perform a steady and continuous water splitting to produce hydrogen(1.5μL·min^(−1))by adding a matching capacitor between the PMC and electrolytic *** the circuit,the capacitor can not only function as a charge compensation source for water splitting,but also stabilize the working *** other self-powered water splitting systems,the proposed system does not need catalysts or the complex electrical energy storage/release process,thus improving the hydrogen production efficiency and reducing the *** work provides an effective strategy for clean hydrogen energy production and demonstrates the huge potential of the constructed self-powered system toward carbon neutralization.

关键词： wind energy harvester hybrid nanogenerator energy conversion and management hydrogen energy production

Advanced nano-based strategies for mRNA tumor vaccine

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Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B 2024年第1期14卷 170-189页

作者： Yangqi Qu Jingjing Xu Tong Zhang Qinjun Chen Tao Sun Chen Jiang key Laboratory of Smart Drug Delivery(ministry of education) Minhang HospitalState Key Laboratory of Medical NeurobiologyDepartment of PharmaceuticsSchool of PharmacyFudan UniversityShanghai 201203China

Tumor vaccine is a promising strategy for cancer immunotherapy by introducing tumor antigens into the body to activate specific anti-tumor immune *** with the technological breakthroughs in genetic engineering and delivery systems,messenger ribonucleic acid(mRNA)technology has achieved unprecedented development and application over the last few years,especially the emergency use authorizations of two mRNA vaccines during the COVID-19 pandemic,which has saved countless lives and makes the world witness the powerful efficacy of mRNA technology in ***,unlike infectious disease vaccines,which mainly induce humoral immunity,tumor vaccines also need to activate potent cellular immunity to control tumor growth,which creates a higher demand for mRNA delivery to the lymphatic organs and antigen-presenting cells(APCs).Here we review the existing bottlenecks of mRNA tumor vaccines and advanced nano-based strategies to overcome those challenges,as well as future considerations of mRNA tumor vaccines and their delivery systems.

关键词： mRNA vaccine Nanoparticle Tumor vaccine Delivery system Stability Targeting Transfection Immunogenicity

Carbon emission quantification and reduction in pavement use phase:A review

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Journal of Traffic and Transportation Engineering(English Edition) 2024年第1期11卷 69-91页

作者： Linjie Zhu Jin Li Feipeng Xiao key Laboratory of Road and Traffic Engineering of ministry of education Tongji UniversityShanghai 201804China

The carbon emissions arising from road pavement infrastructures have emerged as critical issue in recent *** life cycle of a pavement can be divided into five phases,namely raw materials and production,construction,use,maintenance and end of *** the use phase generates the highest carbon emissions throughout the pavement's life cycle,it is usually neglected in most pavement life cycle assessment(LCA)studies due to its complexity and ***,this review selected 126 relevant references,focuses on quantification methods,influential factors and reduction technologies of carbon emissions in pavement use *** the carbon accounting approached,the LCA approach,remains the most widely used for evaluating the environmental impact of ***,the primary influential factors on the use phase'carbon emission include pavement-vehicle interaction primarily affected by pavement roughness,pavement albedo and climate *** influential factors above indirectly cause changes in carbon emissions by influencing the pavement performance and subsequent vehicle ***,the review surveys carbon emission reduction technologies during pavement use phase,focusing mainly on reducing pavement rolling resistance and constructing cool *** pavements and permeable pavements are the most widely used cool pavement ***,the aspects involved in this paper hold significant promise for quantifying and reducing carbon emissions in the pavement use phase.

关键词： Pavement Carbon emission Life cycle assessment Use phase Emission reduction

Robust, breathable, and chemical-resistant polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) films achieved by novel in-situ fibrillation strategy for highperformance triboelectric nanogenerators

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Nano Research 2024年第3期17卷 1942-1951页

作者： Jialong Chai Guilong Wang Jinchuan Zhao Guizhen Wang Chao Wei Aimin Zhang Guoqun Zhao Laboratory for Liquid-Solid Structural Evolution and Processing of Materials(ministry of education) Shandong UniversityJinan 250061China key Laboratory of Chinese education ministry for Tropical Biological Resources Hainan UniversityHaikou 570228China

In the era of advanced wearable electronic devices,the triboelectric nanogenerators(TENGs)as energy harvesting and self-powered sensing units hold great *** appropriate triboelectric material is the crucial factor to optimize the performance of TENG,while polytetrafluoroethylene(PTFE)stands out as a highly versatile option among the various *** this study,we present an ultrafine nanofibrous PTFE(NF-PTFE)films prepared by novel in-situ fibrillation strategy as the triboelectric material in TENG *** innovative processing methodology facilely addresses the dilemma between high porosity and fine pore size of traditional porous PTFE films,meanwhile achieves exceptional mechanical strength,hydrophobicity,air permeability,and chemical resistance of the *** the integration of nanofibrous PTFE films into contact-separation mode TENG and droplet-based TENG,these devices realize the peak electrical output of 131 V/10.8μA and 54 V/14μA with great durability,which surpass the performance of TENGs using traditional expanded PTFE ***,a smart glove capable of recognizing hand gestures is proposed,which demonstrates the versatility,flexibility,and practicality of this material for potential use in smart *** reported NF-PTFE film provides insights for the design of high-performance TENG device for advanced wearable electrical applications.

关键词： polytetrafluoroethylene(PTFE) nanofibrous film hydrophobic triboelectric nanogenerator self-powered sensor

MHz cut-off frequency and permeability mechanism of iron-based soft magnetic composites

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Chinese Physics B 2024年第9期33卷 560-564页

作者： Xiao-Wei Jin Tong Li Hui-Gang Shi De-Sheng Xue key Laboratory for Magnetism and Magnetic Materials of the ministry of education LanzhouUniversityLanzhou 730000China

The lack of soft magnetic composites with high power density in MHz frequency range has become an obstacle in the efficient operation of the electrical and electronic ***,a promising method to increase the cut-off frequency of iron-based soft magnetic composites to hundreds of MHz is *** cut-off frequency is increased from 10 MHz to 1 GHz by modulating the height of the ring,the distribution of particles,and the particle *** mechanism of cut-off frequency and permeability is the coherent rotation of domain modulated by inhomogeneous field due to the eddy current *** empirical formula for the cut-off frequency in a magnetic ring composed of iron-based particles is established from experimental *** work provides an effective approach to fabricate soft magnetic composites with a cut-off frequency in hundreds of MHz.

关键词： cut-off frequency permeability eddy current effect soft magnetic composites

Nanomedicine Disrupts Stromal Barriers to Augment Drug Penetration for Improved Cancer Therapy

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Chinese Journal of Chemistry 2024年第10期42卷 1175-1189页

作者： Guo-Feng Luo Wei-Hai Chen Xian-Zheng Zhang state key Laboratory of Oral&Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of EducationHubei KeyLaboratory of StomatologySchool&Hospital of StomatologyWuhan UniversityWuhanHubei 430079China key Laboratoryof Biomedical Polymers of ministry of education&Departmentof Chemistry Wuhan UniversityWuhanHubei 430072China

Tumor stroma composing diverse extracellular matrixes(ECM)and stromal cells shapes a condensed physical barrier,which severely hampers the efficient accessibility of nanomedicine to tumor cells,especially these deep-seated in the core of *** barrier significantly compromises the antitumor effects of drug-loaded nanomedicine,revealing the remarkable importance of disrupting stromal barrier for improved tumor therapy with deep penetration *** achieve this goal,various nanoparticle-based strategies have been developed,including direct depleting ECM components via delivering anti-fibrotic agents or targeting stromal cells to suppress ECM expression,dynamic regulation of nanoparticles’physicochemical properties(i.e.,size,surface charge,and morphology),mechanical force-driven deep penetration,natural/biomimetic self-driven nanomedicine,and transcytosis-inducing *** these nanostrategies were systemically summarized in this review,and the design principles for obtaining admirable nanomedicine were *** the rapid development of nanotechnology,elaborate design of multifunctional nanomedicine provides new opportunities for overcoming the critical stromal barriers to maximize the therapeutic index of various therapies,such as chemotherapy,photodynamic therapy,and immunotherapy.

关键词： Nanomedicine Tumor stroma Deep penetration Enhanced drug perfusion Cancer therapy Drug carriers Biomaterials Nanotechnology

A New Method to Identify the Maximum Time Interval between Individual Events in Compound Rainstorm and Heatwave Events

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International Journal of Disaster Risk Science 2024年第3期15卷 453-466页

作者： Junlin Zhang Wei Xu Yu Qiao Xinli Liao Chenna Meng Qinmei Han key Laboratory of Environmental Change and Natural Disaster of ministry of education Faculty of Geographical Science Beijing Normal University Academy of Disaster Reduction and Emergency Management Ministry of Emergency Management and Ministry of Education Beijing Normal University state key Laboratory of Earth Surface Processes and Resource Ecology Beijing Normal University National Climate Center China Meteorological Administration

Growing evidence indicates that extreme heat and rain may occur in succession within short time periods and cause greater impacts than individual events separated in time and space. Therefore, many studies have examined the impacts of compound hazard events on the social-ecological system at various scales. The definition of compound events is fundamental for such research. However, there are no existing studies that support the determination of time interval between individual events of a compound rainstorm and heatwave(CRH) event, which consists of two or more potentially qualifying component heatwave and rainstorm events. To address the deficiency in defining what individual events can constitute a CRH event, this study proposed a novel method to determine the maximum time interval for CRH events through the change in CRH event frequency with increasing time interval between individual events, using southern China as a case study. The results show that the threshold identified by the proposed method is reasonable. For more than 90% of the meteorological stations, the frequency of CRH events has reached a maximum when the time interval is less than or equal to the threshold. This study can aid in time interval selection, which is an important step for subsequent study of CRH events.

关键词： Compound extreme weather event Rainstorm and heatwave Southern China Threshold Time interval

Resilience assessment and optimization method of city road network in the post-earthquake emergency period

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Earthquake Engineering and Engineering Vibration 2024年第3期23卷 765-779页

作者： Wang Haoran Xiao Jia Li Shuang Zhai Changhai key Lab of Structures Dynamic Behavior and Control of the ministry of education Key Lab of Smart Prevention and Mitigation of Civil Engineering Disasters of the Ministry of Industry and Information TechnologyHarbin Institute of TechnologyHarbin 150090China

The post-earthquake emergency period,which is a sensitive time segment just after an event,mainly focuses on saving life and restoring social *** improve the seismic resilience of city road networks,a resilience evaluation method used in the post-earthquake emergency period is *** road seismic damage index of a city road network can consider the influence of roads,bridges and buildings along the roads,*** road capacity after an earthquake.A function index for a city road network is developed,which reflects the connectivity,redundancy,traffic demand and traffic function of the *** optimization model for improving the road repair order in the post-earthquake emergency period is also developed according to the resilience evaluation,to enable decision support for city emergency management and achieve the best seismic resilience of the city road *** optimization model is applied to a city road network and the results illustrate the feasibility of the resilience evaluation and optimization method for a city road network in the post-earthquake emergency period.

关键词： city road network post-earthquake emergency period traffic demand resilience evaluation optimization model