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Three-stage niobium mineralization at Bayan Obo, China

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National Science Review 2024年第4期11卷 102-110页

作者： Yan Yu Yang Li Yu Liu Xiao-Xiao Ling Li-Guang Wu Li Yang Lan Yang Bo Yang Yong-Gang Zhao Xian-Hua Li state key laboratory of Lithospheric Evolution Institute of Geology and Geophysics Chinese Academy of Sciences College of Earth and Planetary Science University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Ministry of Education key laboratory of Orogenic Belts and Crustal Evolution School of Earth and Space SciencesPeking University Mining Research Institute Baotou Iron and Steel(Group) Co.LTD state key laboratory of Baiyunobo rare Earth Resource Research and comprehensive utilization

The Chinese Bayan Obo deposit is a world-class rare earth element(REE) deposit with considerable niobium(Nb) and iron(Fe) resources. A complete genetic understanding on all metals is fundamental for establishing genetic models at Bayan Obo. With extensive research being focused on REE enrichment, the timing and controls of Nb enrichment remain unresolved at Bayan Obo, which is mainly due to the challenges in dating, i.e. multistage thermal events, fine-grained minerals with complex textures and the rare occurrence of uranium-enriched minerals with mature dating methods. Based on robust geological and petrographic frameworks, here we conducted ion probe uranium-lead(U-Pb) dating of ferrocolumbite to unravel the timing, hence the genesis of Nb mineralization. Three types of hydrothermal ferrocolumbites—key Nb-bearing minerals—are identified based on their textures and mineral assemblages. They yield U-Pb ages of 1312 ± 47 Ma(n = 99), 438 ± 7 Ma(n = 93), and 268 ± 5 Ma(n = 19), respectively. In line with deposit geology, we tentatively link the first, second and third stage Nb mineralization to Mesoproterozoic carbonatite magmatism, ubiquitous early Paleozoic hydrothermal activity, and Permian granitic magmatism, respectively. While quantifying the contribution of metal endowment from each stage requires further investigation, our new dates highlight that multi-stage mineralization is critical for Nb enrichment at Bayan Obo, which may also have implications for the enrichment mechanism of Nb in REE deposits in general.

关键词： niobium mineralization U-Pb dating ferrocolumbite Bayan Obo

Preparation of high-purity fluorite and nanoscale calcium carbonate from low-grade fluorite

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International Journal of Minerals,Metallurgy and Materials 2024年第6期31卷 1198-1207页

作者： Qianqian Lu Haisheng Han Wenjuan Sun Xingfei Zhang Weiwei Wang Bilan Zhang Wensheng Chen Qin Zou School of Minerals Processing and Bioengineering Central South UniversityChangsha 410083China Hunan Nonferrous Chenzhou Fluoride Chemical Co. Ltd.Chenzhou 423000China state key laboratory of Baiyunobo rare Earth Resource Researches and comprehensive utilization Baotou Research Institute of Rare EarthsBaotou 014030China Hunan Shizhuyuan Nonferrous Metal Co. Ltd.Chenzhou 423000China

Flotation separation of calcite from fluorite is a challenge on low-grade fluorite flotation that limits the recovery and purity of fluorite concentrate.A new acid leaching–flotation process for fluorite is proposed in this *** innovative process raised the fluor-ite’s grade to 97.26wt%while producing nanoscale calcium carbonate from its leachate,which contained plenty of calcium *** the production of nanoscale calcium carbonate,the impacts of concentration,temperature,and titration rate were *** modifying the process conditions and utilizing crystal conditioning agents,calcite-type and amorphous calcium carbonates with corresponding particle sizes of 1.823 and 1.511μm were *** influence of the impurity ions Mn^(2+),Mg^(2+),and Fe^(3+)was demonstrated to reduce the particle size of nanoscale calcium carbonate and make crystal shape easier to manage in the fluorite leach solution system compared with the calcium chloride *** combination of the acid leaching–flotation process and the nanoscale calcium carbonate preparation method improved the grade of fluorite while recovering calcite resources,thus presenting a novel idea for the effective and clean usage of low-quality fluorite resources with embedded microfine particles.

关键词： fluorite calcite nanoscale calcium carbonate waste recovery

Charge regulation by ferromagnetic metal/LiF spin-polarized interface for high-performance Li metal anodes

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rare metals 2024年第3期43卷 995-1005页

作者： Ming-Yang Feng Shuang Zhou Yi-Fang Zhang Ya-Ping Wang Chun-Yan Fu Jian-Wen Li Yuan-Lang Wan Zhi-Jia Zhang Yong Jiang An-Qiang Pan state key laboratory of Powder Metallurgy School of Materials Science and EngineeringCentral South UniversityChangsha410083China state key laboratory of separation Membranes and Membrane Processes Tianjin Key Laboratory of Advanced Fibers and Energy StorageSchool of Material Science and EngineeringTiangong UniversityTianjin300387China School of Materials Science and Engineering Hebei University of TechnologyTianjin300130China

The interfacial characteristics of the Li metal anode(LMA)play a crucial role in its overall *** various materials being applied to modify the interface,a comprehensive understanding of their specific mechanisms remains to be ***,we have prepared carbon cloth(CC)frameworks with their surfaces modified using ferromagnetic metal/LiF heterogeneous films(T^(M)-LiF-CC)as the substrate for LMA,which exhibit superior electrochemical *** ferromagnetic Co as a representative example,our study demonstrates that the enhanced performance of Co-LiF-CC,compared to bare CC,is attributed to the spinpolarized interface contributed by the Co/LiF *** and LiF play individual roles in redistributing electrons and Li^(+)to promote homogeneous Li *** nanoparticles play a crucial role in generating strong surface capacitance by storing electrons in spin-split bands,while LiF,with low surface diffusion barriers,ensures fast transportation of Li^(+).The Co-LiF-CC@Li electrodes deliver long lives of 7400 and 3600 h at 1 and 2 mA·cm^(-2)in symmetric cells,respectively;moreover,they enable full batteries with high and durable capacities,particularly when the N/P ratios are low(3.3 or even 1.7).

关键词： Lithium metal anode Interfacial charge Ferromagnetic metal Lithium fluoride Spin polarization

Design,preparation,microstructure and mechanical property of the lightweight radiation-shielding Mg-Ta-Al composites basing differential temperature hot rolling

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Journal of Magnesium and Alloys 2024年第6期12卷 2433-2446页

作者： Wenbo Luo Songya Feng Xiuzhu Han Li Zhou Qinke Kong Zhiyong Xue Jianzhao Wang Mei Zhan Xianhua Chen Fusheng Pan Institute for Advanced Materials North China Electric Power UniversityBeijing 102206China Beijing Institute of Spacecraft System Engineering Beijing 100094China Sinosteel Equipment&Engineering Co Ltd.Beijing100080China state key laboratory of Baiyunobo rare Earth Resource Researches and comprehensive utilization Inner Mongolia 014030China School of Materials Science Northwestern Polytechnical UniversityXi’an 710072China College of Materials Science and Engineering Chongqing UniversityChongqing 400045China

A novel lightweight,radiation-shielding Mg-Ta-Al layered metal-matrix composite(LMC)was successful designed by doping the extremely refractory metal(Ta)into Mg *** Mg-based LMCs sheets shows excellent radiation-dose shield effect,about 145 krad·a^(−1),which is about 17 times of traditional Mg alloy,while its surface density is only about 0.9 g·cm^(−2),reducing by 60%than that of pure *** quantitate relationship between radiation-dose and the materials’thickness was also confirmed to the logistic function when the surface density is in the range of 0.6-1.5 g·cm^(−2).Meantime,the rolling parameters,interface microstructure and mechanical properties in both as-rolled and annealing treated samples were *** sheets possess a special dissimilar atoms diffusion transitional zone containing an obvious inter-diffusion Mg-Al interface and the unique micro-corrugated Ta-Al interface,as well as a thin Al film with a thickness of about 10μ*** special zone could reduce the stress concentration and enhance the strength of Mg-Ta-Al *** interface bonding strength reaches up to 54-76 *** ultimate tensile strength(UTS)and yield strength(TYS)of the Mg-Ta-Al sheet were high to 413 MPa and 263 MPa,respectively,along with an elongation of 5.8%.The molecular dynamics(MD)analysis results show that the two interfaces exhibit different formation mechanism,the Mg-Al interface primarily depended on Mg/Al atoms diffusion basing point defects movement,while the Ta-Al interface with a micro-interlock pining shape formed by close-packed planes slipping during high temperature strain-induced deformation process.

关键词： Dissimilar metals composites Mg based alloys Radiation shielding Hot rolling Lightweight

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基于微生物的稀土材料制备

Science China Materials 2024年第8期67卷 2376-2392页

作者：崔惠敬王帆马超张洪杰刘凯 Engineering Research Center of Advanced rare Earth Materials(Ministry of Education) Department of ChemistryTsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China state key laboratory of rare Earth Resource utilization Changchun Institute of Applied ChemistryChinese Academy of SciencesChangchun 130022China

稀土元素(REEs)作为现代高科技产业发展的关键原材料,在多个前沿领域具有广泛应用.然而,由于稀土元素分布相对分散,其提取往往伴随着环境退化.此外,稀土元素的相似化学性质导致了分离过程中的高能耗和过度污染排放.为了实现稀土的绿色... 详细信息

稀土元素(REEs)作为现代高科技产业发展的关键原材料,在多个前沿领域具有广泛应用.然而,由于稀土元素分布相对分散,其提取往往伴随着环境退化.此外,稀土元素的相似化学性质导致了分离过程中的高能耗和过度污染排放.为了实现稀土的绿色发展和高效资源利用,通过合成生物学技术构建了工程稀土微生物.此外,我们建立了工程稀土微生物合成平台,实现了原位合成高附加值的稀土生物材料,推动了临床转化研究和应用的进展.本文综述了稀土微生物的合理设计、高价值稀土生物材料的合成及其应用.最后,简要讨论了该领域的未来研究和发展前景.

关键词：稀土材料合成生物学微生物合成环境退化高科技产业发展分离过程发展前景污染排放

Recovery of vanadium and molybdenum from spent petrochemical catalyst by microwave-assisted leaching

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International Journal of Minerals,Metallurgy and Materials 2019年第1期26卷 33-40页

作者： Zhi-yuan Ma Yong Liu Ji-kui Zhou Mu-dan Liu Zhen-zhen Liu Guangdong Institute of Resources comprehensive utilization Guangdong Academy of Sciences state key laboratory of separation and comprehensive utilization of rare metals Guangdong Provincial key laboratory of Development and comprehensive utilization of Mineral Resources

The study of the leaching of vanadium(V) and molybdenum(Mo) from spent petrochemical catalysts in sodium hydroxide(NaO H) medium was performed using two approaches, namely, conventional leaching and microwave-assisted leaching methods. The influence of microwave power, leaching time, leaching temperature, and NaOH concentration on the leaching efficiency of spent petrochemical catalyst was investigated. Under microwave-assisted conditions(600 W, 10 min, 90°C, 2.0 mol·L^(-1) NaOH, and 0.20 g·mL^(-1) solid–liquid ratio), the leaching efficiencies of V and Mo reached 94.35% and 96.23%, respectively. It has been confirmed that microwave energy has considerable potential to enhance the efficiency of the leaching process and reduce the leaching time. It is suggested that the enhancement of the leaching efficiencies of V and Mo can be attributed to the existence of a thermal gradient between solid and liquid and the generation of cracks on the mineral surface.

关键词： microwave spent petrochemical catalyst vanadium molybdenum

A mini review on the separation of Al,Fe and Ti elements from coal fly ash leachate

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International Journal of Coal Science & Technology 2024年第2期11卷 1-15页

作者： Yuan Shi Fengqi Jiang Rongjiao Wang Sasha Yang Xiaofeng Zhu Yingying Shen state key laboratory of Advanced Processing and Recycling of Nonferrous metals School of Material Science and EngineeringLanzhou University of TechnologyLanzhou 730050China Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering Monash UniversityWellington RoadClaytonMelbourneVIC 3800Australia

The electricity demand is increasing rapidly with the development of society and ***-fired thermal power plants have become one of the primary sources of electricity generation for ***,coal-fired thermal power plants produce a great amount of by-product coal fly ash every *** fly ash disposal in landfills requires a sizable space and has negative environmental ***,it is crucial to develop new technologies and methods to utilize this enormous volume of solid waste in order to protect the *** this review,the fundamental physical and chemical character-istics of coal fly ash are introduced,and afterward the disposal policies and utilization ways of coal fly ash are discussed to gain a comprehensive understanding of the various ways this *** leaching of valuable metals in coal fly ash and the extraction of metal elements in leachate under different conditions are also ***,the possibility of coal fly ash to serve as a supplementary source for mineral resources is analyzed,providing a basis for its extensive use as a raw material in the metal industry in China and worldwide.

关键词： Coal fly ash Waste utilization metals extraction

Flotation performance of anisic hydroxamic acid as new collector for tungsten and tin minerals

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Journal of Central South University 2022年第11期29卷 3645-3655页

作者： ZHAO Gang ZHOU Xiao-tong LI Fang-xu FU Guang-qin SHANG Xing-ke Institute of Resources utilization and rare Earth Development Guangdong Academy of SciencesGuangzhou 510650China state key laboratory of rare metals separation and comprehensive utilization Guangzhou 510650China

In order to improve the recovery of tungsten ores containing tin minerals,anisic hydroxamic acid(p-methoxy benzohydroxanic acid,PMOB)was synthesized and introduced as novel collector in the flotation of scheelite,wolframite and *** flotation performance and adsorption mechanism were investigated by micro/batch flotation,zeta potential measurements and density functional theory(DFT).The micro flotation results showed that the recoveries of scheelite,wolframite and cassiterite using PMOB as collector are 97.45%,95.77% and 90.08%,respectively,and the corresponding recoveries are 91.00%,84.30% and 84.67% for benzohydroxamic acid(BHA).The batch flotation results revealed that the collector dosage could be reduced by about 45% for PMOB compared with BHA,in the case of similar flotation *** potential measurements indicated that PMOB could be adsorbed on the mineral surfaces by ***,density functional theory(DFT)calculation results showed that the substituent group—OCH_(3)endues PMOB stronger electron donation ability and hydrophobicity compared with benzohydroxamic acid(BHA),pmethyl benzohydroxamic acid(PMB)and p-hydroxyl benzohydroxamic acid(PHB).

关键词： flotation hydroxamic acid scheelite wolframite cassiterite

Construction of multifunctional lanthanum manganese mixed nanoparticles mediated by ionic liquids for selective aerobic oxidation of cyclohexane

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rare metals 2024年第5期43卷 2205-2221页

作者： Hao Li Rui-Rui Zhang Ke-Xin Li Shuang Wei Yu-Mei Liu Rui-Xia Liu Beijing key laboratory of Ionic Liquids Clean Process CAS Key Laboratory of Green Process and EngineeringState Key Laboratory of Multiphase Complex SystemsInstitute of Process EngineeringChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China

Selective oxidation of alkanes to produce highvalue chemicals is an essential strategy and means to realize efficient utilization of *** this work,a strategy of lanthanum manganese mixed metal oxides(LMMO)regulated via a facile ionic liquid(IL)-assisted hydrothermal method was proposed to construct the multifunctional catalysts,which exhibited excellent catalytic performance in the selective aerobic oxidation of *** 8.9%cyclohexane conversion with 90%KA oi(cyclohexanol and cyclohexanone)selectivity was achieved over the optimal LMMO catalyst under mild *** effects of anion type,carbon chain length and concentration of ILs on the structure and properties of catalysts were investigated through various characterizations,indicating the structure-directing and template effect of ILs on the multifunctional *** formation of self-assembled spherical nanoparticles followed the"dissolution-nucleation-proliferation"mechanism with the introduction of 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium hydrogen sulfate,ascribing the synergistic effect between the microenvironment of ILs and the hydrothermal ***,the high reactive oxygen concentration redox capacity,and suitable basic sites of LMMO catalysts mediated by ILs enhance the activation of C-H bonds and molecular oxygen,simultaneously influencing the adsorption and desorption of the substrate.A comprehensive understanding of the high KA oil selectivity and radical reaction mechanism was elucidated based on in situ diffuse reflectance infrared Fourier transform spectroscopy(DRIFTS)and radical trapping *** recycling and regeneration experiments further illuminated that the removal of adsorbed cyclohexanone acting on the LMMO catalyst was the key to achieve high KA oil selectivity.

关键词： Ionic liquids Nanoparticle Multifunctional catalyst Cyclohexane oxidation