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Fullerenes and derivatives as electrocatalysts: Promises and challenges

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Green Energy & Environment 2024年第1期9卷 7-27页

作者： Kun Guo Ning Li Lipiao Bao Xing Lu state key laboratory of materials processing and die&mould technology School of Materials Science and EngineeringHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan430074China

Carbon-based metal-free nanomaterials are promising alternatives to precious metals as electrocatalysts of key energy storage and conversion *** paramount signiﬁcance are the establishment of design principles by understanding the catalytic mechanisms and identifying the active *** from sp2-conjugated graphene and carbon nanotube,fullerene possesses unique characteristics that are growingly being discovered and exploited by the electrocatalysis *** instance,the well-deﬁned atomic and molecular structures,the good electron afﬁnity to tune the electronic structures of other substances,the intermolecular self-assembly into superlattices,and the on-demand chemical modiﬁcation have endowed fullerene with incomparable advantages as electrocatalysts that are otherwise not applicable to other carbon *** increasing studies are being reported on this intriguing topic,it is necessary to provide a state-of-the-art overview of the recent *** review takes such an initiative by summarizing the promises and challenges in the electrocatalytic applications of fullerene and its *** content is structured according to the composition and structure of fullerene,including intact fullerene(e.g.,fullerene composite and superlattices)and fullerene derivatives(e.g.,doped,endohedral,and disintegrated fullerene).The synthesis,characterization,catalytic mechanisms,and deﬁciencies of these fullerene-based materials are explicitly *** conclude it by sharing our perspectives on the key aspects that future efforts shall consider.

关键词： Fullerene Fullerene derivative Metal-free catalyst Structural defect Electrocatalyst

Toughening additive manufactured Zr-based bulk metallic glass composites by martensite phase transformation

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Journal of materials Science & technology 2024年第3期170卷 95-102页

作者： Pengcheng Zhang Cheng Zhang Jie Pan Di Ouyang Lin Liu state key laboratory of materials processing and die&mould technology School of Materials Science and EngineeringHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan 430074China

Additive manufacturing technology based on laser powder bed fusion(LPBF)offers a novel approach for fabricating bulk metallic glass(BMG)products without restriction in size and ***,the BMGs prepared by LPBF usually suffered from less plasticity and poorer fracture toughness as compared to their cast counterparts due to partial crystallization in heat-affected zones(HAZs).Since crystallization in HAZs is hard to avoid completely in LPBF BMGs,it is desirable to design a suitable alloy system,in which only ductile crystalline phase,instead of brittle intermetallics,is formed in *** unique structure could effectively increase the toughness/plasticity of the LPBF *** achieve this goal,a quaternary BMG system with a composition of Zr_(47.5)Cu_(45.5)Al_(5)Co_(2)is adopted and subjected to *** is found that nearly a single phase of B_(2)-ZrCu is precipitated in HAZs,while a fully amorphous phase is formed in molten pools(MPs).This B_(2)phase reinforced BMG composite exhibits excellent mechanical properties with enhanced plasticity and ***,it is easy to modulate the mechanical properties by altering the amount of the B_(2)phase via adjusting the laser energy ***,the best combination of strength,plasticity,and notch toughness is obtained in the BMG composite containing 27.4%B_(2)phase and 72.6%amorphous phase,which exhibits yield strength(σ_(s))of 1423 MPa,plastic strain(ε_(p))of 4.65%,and notch toughness(K_(q))of 53.9 MPa m 1/***,a notable strain-hardening is also *** improvement of plasticity/toughness and appearance of strain-hardening behavior are mainly due to the martensite phase transformation from the B_(2)phase to the Cm phase during plastic deformation(i.e.,the phase transformation-induced plasticity effect).The current work provides a guide for making advanced BMGs and BMG composites by additive manufacturing.

关键词： Laser powder bed fusion Bulk metallic glass composites Phase transformation-induced plasticity Deformation mechanism

Microstructure evolution,mechanical properties and fracture behavior of Al-xSi/AZ91D bimetallic composites prepared by a compound casting

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Journal of Magnesium and Alloys 2024年第5期12卷 1944-1964页

作者： Guangyu Li Wenming Jiang Feng Guan Junwen Zhu Yang Yu Zitian Fan state key laboratory of materials processing and die&mould technology School of Materials Science and EngineeringHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan 430074China

In this paper,the effect of the Si content on microstructure evolution,mechanical properties,and fracture behavior of the Al-xSi/AZ91D bimetallic composites prepared by compound casting was investigated *** obtained results showed that all the Al-xSi/AZ91D bimetallic composites had a metallurgical reaction layer(MRL),whose thickness increased with increasing Si content for the hypoeutectic Al-Si/AZ91D composites,while the hypereutectic Al-Si/AZ91D composites were *** MRL included eutectic layer(E layer),intermetallic compound layer(IMC layer)and transition region layer(T layer).In the IMC layer,the hypereutectic Al-Si/AZ91D composites contained some Si solid solution and flocculent Mg_(2)Si+Al-Mg IMCs phases not presented in the hypoeutectic Al-Si/AZ91D ***,increasing Si content,the thickness proportion of the T layer increased,forming an inconsistent preferred orientation of the *** shear strengths of the Al-xSi/AZ91D bimetallic composites enhanced with increasing Si content,and the Al-15Si/AZ91D composite obtained a maximum shear strength of 58.6 MPa,which was 73.4% higher than the Al-6Si/AZ91D *** fractures of the Al-xSi/AZ91D bimetallic composites transformed from the T layer into the E layer with the increase of the Si *** improvement of the shear strength of the Al-xSi/AZ91D bimetallic composites was attributed to the synergistic action of the Mg_(2)Si particle reinforcement,the reduction of oxidizing inclusions and the ratio of Al-Mg IMCs as well as the orientation change of the MRL.

关键词： Al/Mg bimetallic composites Si content Mg_(2)Si reinforcement Microstructure Mechanical properties Fracture behavior

BaCe_(0.8)Fe_(0.1)Ni_(0.1)O_(3−δ)-impregnated Ni-GDC by phase-inversion as an anode of solid oxide fuel cells with on-cell dry methane reforming

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Journal of Advanced Ceramics 2024年第6期13卷 834-841页

作者： Yanya Liu Jun Luo Cheng Li Bo Liu Dong Yan Jian Li Lichao Jia School of materials Science and Engineering State Key Laboratory of Materials Processing and Die&Mould TechnologyHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan 430074China

BaCe_(0.8)Fe_(0.1)Ni_(0.1)O_(3−δ)(BCFN)in a perovskite structure is impregnated consecutively by BCFN solution and BCFN suspension into a phase-inversion prepared NiO–Gd_(0.1)Ce_(0.9)O_(2−δ)(GDC)scaffold as an anode for solid oxide fuel cells(SOFCs)with on-cell dry reforming of methane(DRM).The whole pore surface of the scaffold is covered by small BCFN particles formed by BCFN solution impregnation;the large pores near the scaffold surface are filled by BCFN aerogels with a high specific surface area produced by BCFN suspension impregnation,which act as a catalytic layer for on-cell *** reduction,the anode consists of a Ni–GDC scaffold and BCFN particles with exsolved FeNi3 *** BCFN-impregnated Ni–GDC anode has higher electrical conductivity,electrochemical activity,and resistance to carbon deposition,with which the cell shows maximum power densities between 1.44 and 0.92 W·cm^(−2) when using H_(2) and between 1.09 and 0.50 W·cm^(−2) when using CO_(2)–CH_(4) at temperatures ranging from 750 to 600℃.A stable performance at 400 mA·cm^(−2) and 700℃is achieved using 45%CO_(2)–45%CH_(4)–10%N_(2) for more than 400 h without carbon deposition,benefiting from the impregnated BCFN aerogel with a high specific surface area and water adsorbability.

关键词： aerogel solid oxide fuel cells(SOFCs) phase-inversion dry reforming of methane(DRM) carbon resistance

Unraveling the incompatibility mechanism of ethylene carbonate-based electrolytes in sodium metal anodes

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2024年第7期94卷 560-567页

作者： Daomin Qin Fangyuan Cheng Meilian Cao Feiyang Yan Qian Wang Chun Fang Jiantao Han state key laboratory of Material processing and die&mould technology School of Materials Science and EngineeringHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan430074HubeiChina

Ethylene carbonate(EC)is widely used in lithium-ion batteries due to its optimal overall performance with satisfactory conductivity,relatively stable solid electrolyte interphase(SEI),and wide electrochemical *** is also the most widely used electrolyte solvent in sodium ion ***,compared to lithium metal,sodium metal(Na)shows higher activity and reacts violently with EC-based electrolyte(NaPF_(6)as solute),which leads to the failure of sodium metal batteries(SMBs).Herein,we reveal the electrochemical instability mechanism of EC on sodium metal battery,and find that the com-bination of EC and NaPF_(6) is electrically reduced in sodium metal anode during charging,resulting in the reduction of the first coulombic efficiency,and the continuous consumption of electrolyte leads to the cell *** address the above issues,an additive modified linear carbonate-based electrolyte is provided as a substitute for EC based ***,ethyl methyl carbonate(EMC)and dimethyl carbon-ate(DMC)as solvents and fluoroethylene carbonate(FEC)as SEI-forming additive have been identified as the optimal solvent for NaFP_(6)based electrolyte and used in Na_(4)Fe_(3)(PO_(4))_(2)(P_(2)O_(7))/Na *** batter-ies exhibit excellent capacity retention rate of about 80%over 1000 cycles at a cut-off voltage of 4.3 V.

关键词： Na metal batteries Ethylene carbonate decomposition Na_(4)Fe_(3)(PO_(4))_(2)(P_(2)O_(7))cathode Interface engineering Ethylene carbonate-free electrolyte

Electrochemical anodic oxidation assisted fabrication of memristors

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International Journal of Extreme Manufacturing 2024年第3期6卷 250-272页

作者： Shuai-Bin Hua Tian Jin Xin Guo School of materials Science and Engineering State Key Laboratory of Material Processing and Die&Mould TechnologyHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan 430074People’s Republic of China

Owing to the advantages of simple structure,low power consumption and high-density integration,memristors or memristive devices are attracting increasing attention in the fields such as next generation non-volatile memories,neuromorphic computation and data ***,the deposition of memristive films often requires expensive equipment,strict vacuum conditions,high energy consumption,and extended processing *** contrast,electrochemical anodizing can produce metal oxide films quickly(e.g.10 s) under ambient *** means of the anodizing technique,oxide films,oxide nanotubes,nanowires and nanodots can be fabricated to prepare *** film thickness,nanostructures,defect concentrations,etc,can be varied to regulate device performances by adjusting oxidation parameters such as voltage,current and *** memristors fabricated by the anodic oxidation technique can achieve high device consistency,low variation,and ultrahigh yield *** article provides a comprehensive review of the research progress in the field of anodic oxidation assisted fabrication of ***,the principle of anodic oxidation is introduced;then,different types of memristors produced by anodic oxidation and their applications are presented;finally,features and challenges of anodic oxidation for memristor production are elaborated.

关键词： anodic oxidation anodized aluminium oxide memristor resistive switching electrical properties

Self-Healable and Stretchable PAAc/XG/Bi2Se0.3Te2.7 Hybrid Hydrogel Thermoelectric materials

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Energy & Environmental materials 2024年第2期7卷 184-190页

作者： Jinmeng Li Tian Xu Zheng Ma Wang Li Yongxin Qian Yang Tao Yinchao Wei Qinghui Jiang Yubo Luo Junyou Yang state key laboratory of materials processing and die & mould technology School of Materials Science and Engineering Huazhong University of Science and Technology

Thermoelectric power generators have attracted increasing interest in recent years owing to their great potential in wearable electronics power *** is noted that thermoelectric power generators are easy to damage in the dynamic service process,resulting in the formation of microcracks and performance ***,we prepare a new hybrid hydrogel thermoelectric material PAAc/XG/Bi2Se0.3Te2.7by an in situ polymerization method,which shows a high stretchable and self-healable performance,as well as a good thermoelectric *** the sample with Bi2Se0.3Te2.7content of 1.5 wt%(i.e.,PAAc/XG/Bi2Se0.3Te2.7（1.5 wt%）),which has a room temperature Seebeck coefficient of-0.45 mV K-1,and exhibits an opencircuit voltage of-17.91 mV and output power of 38.1 nW at a temperature difference of 40 *** being completely cut off,the hybrid thermoelectric hydrogel automatically recovers its electrical characteristics within a response time of 2.0 s,and the healed hydrogel remains more than 99% of its initial power *** stretchable and self-healable hybrid hydrogel thermoelectric materials show promising potential for application in dynamic service conditions,such as wearable electronics.

关键词： bismuth telluride self healing thermoelectric material

High-Superelasticity NiTi Shape Memory Alloy by Directed Energy Deposition-Arc and Solution Heat Treatment

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Acta Metallurgica Sinica(English Letters) 2024年第1期37卷 132-144页

作者： Junyi Ma Lin Yu Qing Yang Jie Liu Lei Yang state key laboratory of materials processing and die&mould technology School of Materials Science and EngineeringHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan430070China School of Transportation and Logistics Engineering Wuhan University of TechnologyWuhan430074China

Directed energy deposition-arc(DED-Arc)technology has the advantages of simple equipment,low manufacturing cost and high deposition rate,while the use of DED-Arc has problems of microstructure inhomogeneity,position dependence of macroscopic mechanical properties and ***,it is necessary to carry out a subsequent heat treatment to improve its microstructure uniformity,mechanical properties and *** this investigation,the DED-Arc 15-layer NiTi alloy thin-walled parts with the solution treatment at different process parameters were studied to analyze the effects of solution heat treatment on microstructure,phase composition,phase transformation,microhardness,tensile and *** temperature range of solution treatment is 800-1050℃,and the treatment time range is 1-5.5 *** results show that after solution treatment at 800℃/1 h,the content of precipitated phase decreases,the grain is refined,the microhardness increases,and the mechanical properties in the 0°direction are *** strain recovery rate after 10 tensile cycles has increased from 37.13%(as-built)to 49.25%(solid solution treatment).This research provides an effective post treatment method for high-performance DED-Arc NiTi shape memory alloys.

关键词： Directed energy deposition-arc(DED-Arc) Cold metal transfer(CMT) NiTi shape memory alloys Microstructure Phase transformation Solution heat treatment

Arc additive manufacturing of gradient hot forging die with shaped waterways

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China Welding 2024年第1期33卷 27-39页

作者：余圣甫林海涛邱源 state key laboratory of materials processing and die&mould technology Huazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan 430074China

Under the working environment of high temperature and strong load impact,hot forging die is prone to failure which reduces the service life of *** arc additive manufacturing in the die cavity,a gradient material hot forging die with high precision,superior per-formance,and conformal cooling channels is *** improves the toughness of the die cavity and reduces the working temperature,thereby forming an isothermal field,which is an effective method to enhance the lifespan of the hot forging *** kinds of gradient flux-cored wires are designed for the surface of 5CrNiMo steel,and the microstructure and mechanical properties between gradient interfaces were *** on the spatial curved structure of shaped waterways in the hot forging die cavity,a study was conducted on the strategy of partitioned forming for the manufacturing of the die with shaped *** order to avoid interference with the arc gun,the hot for-ging die is divided into four regions,namely the transition region,upper,middle,and lower region,based on a combination of cavity depth and internal U-shaped and quadrilateral *** results show that the developed flux-cored wires have good moldability with straight sides of deposited metal under different process parameters and flat surface without cracks,pores and other *** the same working conditions,the life of hot forging die formed by the gradient materials is more than multiple times that of the single material hot forging die,and the temperature gradient field of the shaped waterway die is 7℃/cm smaller than that of traditional straight waterway.

关键词： gradient materials shaped waterways arc additive manufacturing mechanical property