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Upcycling plastic wastes into value-added products via electrocatalysis and photoelectrocatalysis

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2024年第4期91卷 522-541页

作者： Sungsoon Kim Dongjae Kong Xiaolin Zheng Jong Hyeok Park Department of Chemical&Biomolecular Engineering Yonsei UniversitySeoul 03722Republic of Korea Department of Mechanical Engineering Stanford UniversityStanfordCA 94305USA

Plastic,renowned for its versatility,durability,and cost-effectiveness,is indispensable in modern ***,the annual production of nearly 400 million tons of plastic,coupled with a recycling rate of only 9%,has led to a monumental environmental *** recycling has emerged as a vital response to this crisis,offering sustainable solutions to mitigate its environmental *** these recycling efforts,plastic upcycling has garnered attention,which elevates discarded plastics into higher-value ***,electrocatalytic and photoelectrocatalytic treatments stand at the forefront of advanced plastic *** or photoelectrocatalytic treatments involve chemical reactions that facilitate electron transfer through the electrode/electrolyte interface,driven by electrical or solar energy,*** methods enable precise control of chemical reactions,harnessing potential,current density,or light to yield valuable chemical *** review explores recent progress in plastic upcycling through electrocatalytic and photoelectrocatalytic pathways,offering promising solutions to the plastic waste crisis and advancing sustainability in the plastics industry.

关键词： Plastic upcycling Electrocatalytic reaction Photoelectrocatalytic reaction Value-added product

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New evidence for the epigenetic regulation of skeletal stem cells

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Science Bulletin 2024年第13期69卷 2004-2006页

作者： Liming Zhao Jun Xiao Charles K.F.Chan Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine Stanford University School of MedicineStanford CA 94305USA Department of Surgery Division of Plastic and Reconstructive SurgeryStanford University School of MedicineStanford CA 94305USA Department of Orthopaedic Surgery Tongji HospitalTongji Medical CollegeHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan 430030China

Skeletal stem cells(SSCs)are crucial for skeletal development and regeneration,yet the epigenetic regulation of these cells remains poorly *** studies have delineated the epigenetic landscape across the developmental trajectory of SSCs,highlighting the involvement of Ptip in regulating SSC *** skeletal system undergoes dynamic remodeling throughout *** stem cells(SSCs),residing within the skeleton and lineage-restricted,serve as a cellular reserve to foster development and maintain skeletal *** categorized within the broader mesenchymal stromal/stem cells(MSCs).

关键词： skeletal involvement maintain

Size matters:the biochemical logic of ligand type in endocrine crosstalk

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Life Metabolism 2024年第1期3卷 10-20页

作者： Jameel Barkat Lone Jonathan Z.Long Katrin J.Svensson Department of Pathology Stanford University School of MedicineStanfordCA 94305United States Department of Chemistry Stanford UniversityStanfordCA 94305United States stanford Diabetes Research Center Stanford University School of MedicineStanfordCA 94305United States Sarafan ChEM-H Stanford UniversityStanfordCA 94305United States Wu Tsai Human Performance Alliance Stanford UniversityStanfordCA 94305United States stanford Cardiovascular Institute Stanford University School of MedicineCA 94305United States

The endocrine system is a fundamental type of long-range cell-cell communication that is important for maintaining metabolism,physiology,and other aspects of organismal *** signaling is mediated by diverse blood-borne ligands,also called hormones,including metabolites,lipids,steroids,peptides,and *** size and structure of these hormones are fine-tuned to make them bioactive,responsive,and adaptable to meet the demands of changing *** has nature selected such diverse ligand types to mediate communication in the endocrine system?What is the chemical,signaling,or physiologic logic of these ligands?What fundamental principles from our knowledge of endocrine communication can be applied as we continue as a field to uncover additional new circulating molecules that are claimed to mediate long-range cell and tissue crosstalk?This review provides a framework based on the biochemical logic behind this crosstalk with respect to their chemistry,temporal regulation in physiology,specificity,signaling actions,and evolutionary development.

关键词： endocrine ligand size metabolites signaling evolution

Deep Energies for Estimating Three-Dimensional Facial Pose and Expression

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Communications on Applied Mathematics and Computation 2024年第2期6卷 837-861页

作者： Jane Wu Michael Bao Xinwei Yao Ronald Fedkiw Department of Computer Science Stanford University353 Jane Stanford WayStanfordCA 94305USA Epic Games 620 Crossroads BlvdCaryNC 27518USA

While much progress has been made in capturing high-quality facial performances using motion capture markers and shape-from-shading,high-end systems typically also rely on rotoscope curves hand-drawn on the *** curves are subjective and difficult to draw consistently;moreover,ad-hoc procedural methods are required for generating matching rotoscope curves on synthetic renders embedded in the optimization used to determine three-dimensional(3D)facial pose and *** propose an alternative approach whereby these curves and other keypoints are detected automatically on both the image and the synthetic renders using trained neural networks,eliminating artist subjectivity,and the ad-hoc procedures meant to mimic *** generally,we propose using machine learning networks to implicitly define deep energies which when minimized using classical optimization techniques lead to 3D facial pose and expression estimation.

关键词： Numerical optimization Neural networks Motion capture Face tracking

Exploiting open source omics data to advance pancreas research

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Journal of Pancreatology 2024年第1期7卷 21-27页

作者： Gayathri Swaminathan Toshie Saito Sohail Z.Husain Division of Gastroenterology Hepatology and NutritionDepartment of PediatricsStanford University School of MedicineStanfordCA

The"omics"revolution has transformed the biomedical research landscape by equipping scientists with the ability to interrogate complex biological phenomenon and disease processes at an unprecedented *** volume of"big"data generated by the different omics studies such as genomics,transcriptomics,proteomics,and metabolomics has led to the concurrent development of computational tools to enable in silico analysis and aid data *** the intensive resources and high costs required to generate and analyze big data,there has been centralized,collaborative efforts to make the data and analysis tools freely available as"Open Source,"to benefit the wider research *** research studies have contributed to this"big data rush"and have additionally benefitted from utilizing the open source data as evidenced by the increasing number of new research findings and publications that stem from such *** this review,we briefly introduce the evolution of open source omics data,data types,the"FAIR"guiding principles for data management and reuse,and centralized platforms that enable free and fair data accessibility,availability,and provide tools for omics data *** illustrate,through the case study of our own experience in mining pancreatitis omics data,the power of repurposing open source data to answer translationally relevant questions in pancreas research.

关键词： Gene expression Omics Open source data Pancreatitis

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关于过度进食障碍的微生物-肠-脑轴机制最新解读

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科学通报 2024年第1期69卷 15-16页

作者：陈晓科 Department of Biology Stanford UniversityStanford 94305USA

摄取食物是生物体完整生活史中的重要一环.对食物的正确选择是动物生存与繁衍的必要条件.在食物匮乏的恶劣环境中,摄取更高热量的食物往往意味着更高的存活率.但是对于有更高食物选择权的现代人类而言,不加节制地大量摄入高能食物通常... 详细信息

摄取食物是生物体完整生活史中的重要一环.对食物的正确选择是动物生存与繁衍的必要条件.在食物匮乏的恶劣环境中,摄取更高热量的食物往往意味着更高的存活率.但是对于有更高食物选择权的现代人类而言,不加节制地大量摄入高能食物通常会带来众多健康隐患.

关键词：健康隐患动物生存食物选择权微生物高热量存活率生活史

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Combined Effect of Outdoor Time and Other Modifiable Factors on Myopia Incidence Among Children and Adolescents—9 PLADs,China,2020

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China CDC weekly 2024年第9期6卷 151-156,I0001,I0002页

作者： Panliang Zhong Yunfei Liu Ning Ma Jiajia Dang Di Shi Shan Cai Ziyue Chen Yanhui Dong Peijin Hu Jun Ma Patrick W.C Lau Randall S.Stafford Yi Song Institute of Child and Adolescent Health School of Public HealthPeking UniversityNational Health Commission Key Laboratory of Reproductive HealthBeijingChina Department of Sport Physical Education&HealthHong Kong Baptist UniversityKowloon TongHong Kong Special Administrative RegionChina Department of Medicine Stanford Prevention Research CenterStanford University School of MedicineStanfordCAUnited States

Summary What is already known about this topic?Myopia has been identified as a significant emerging challenge and policy priority among children and adolescents in China by the Ministry of Education and seven other *** research has been conducted to investigate the collective impact of outdoor time and other modifiable factors on the incidence of myopia.

关键词： Incidence collective policy

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美国成人心脏移植现状与外科进展

中国胸心血管外科临床杂志 2024年

作者：梁宏亮 Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery Stanford University School of Medicine

心脏移植是终末期心力衰竭患者最有效的治疗方式。近10年来，心脏移植外科领域取得了巨大进展，但供体心脏的严重不足始终是限制心脏移植广泛应用的关键问题。随着供心复苏、保存与评估技术的革新，扩展标准供体和循环死亡供体的应用日... 详细信息

心脏移植是终末期心力衰竭患者最有效的治疗方式。近10年来，心脏移植外科领域取得了巨大进展，但供体心脏的严重不足始终是限制心脏移植广泛应用的关键问题。随着供心复苏、保存与评估技术的革新，扩展标准供体和循环死亡供体的应用日益增加，供心缺血的安全时限和获取地域范围不断扩大，这都显著扩充了供体库，推动了心脏移植数量的迅速增长。同时，心脏移植外科技术和受体围手术期管理领域也涌现出许多新技术，特别是机械循环支持和人工智能的迅猛发展，有望为心脏移植领域带来革命性的变革。本文对近年来美国成人心脏移植的现状与外科主要进展进行综述和讨论，以期为读者提供启示，激发在该领域的持续探索与创新思路。

关键词：心脏移植脑死亡后捐献供体循环死亡后捐献供体扩展标准供体多器官联合移植原发性移植物功能障碍机械循环支持人工智能综述

Can a Teacher Salary Increase Promote Students' Educational Performance?

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China & World Economy 2024年第4期32卷 114-145页

作者： Tianyang Liu Baozhong Su Jingjing Wang Scott Rozelle College of Economics and Management China Agricultural UniversityChina College of Agricultural Economics and Management Shanxi Agricultural UniversityChina stanford Center on China's Economy and Institutions Stanford UniversityUSA

Policymakers in China have attempted to improve the quality of rural education by investing in teacher salaries through initiatives like the Rural Teachers Support Plan(RTSP).This study estimates the efects of teacher salary increase on students'educational outcomes in rural China by utilizing the exogenous variations of rural teacher salaries induced by the *** employs an intensity-based difference-in-differences strategy and panel data from 2010 to 2018 with 3,351 rural *** findings reveal that an increase in teacher salaries had a significant positive impact on students'examination *** the results of mechanism analysis indicate that salary increases could have both quality and quantity effects on students'outcomes by increasing the proportion of highly educated teachers and reducing the student-teacher *** findings contribute to the discussion on the importance of teacher salary incentives in education production functions and provide insights for other countries undertaking rural education reforms.

关键词： educational performance rural children Rural Teachers Support Plan teache salary