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Extreme Weather Disruptions and Emergency Preparedness Among Older Adults in Ohio: An Eight-County Assessment

International Journal of Disaster Risk Science 2024年第2期15卷 213-225页

作者： Smitha Rao Fiona C.Doherty Anthony Traver Marisa Sheldon Emma Sakulich Holly Dabelko‑Schoeny college of social work The Ohio State UniversityColumbusOH 43210USA Age Friendly Innovation Center College of Social WorkThe Ohio State UniversityColumbusOH 43210USA college of Public health The Ohio State UniversityColumbusOH 43210USA

The disproportionate risks and impacts of climate change and extreme weather on older adults are increasingly evident. While especially true in disaster-prone areas, human-caused climate change introduces an element of uncertainty even in previously identified “safe” regions such as the Midwestern United states. Using a cumulative disadvantage and vulnerability-informed framework and descriptive statistics from multiple data sources, this article provides an overview of climate impacts, vulnerabilities, and county-level characteristics, focusing on older adults living in Central Ohio. A comparative multiple-case study methodology was used to triangulate regionally representative primary and secondary data sources to examine state and county-level measures of vulnerability, emergency preparedness, and disruptions caused by extreme weather among older adults across eight counties in Central Ohio. Seventy-eight percent of older adults in the sample reported being prepared for emergencies per Federal Emergency Management Agency guidelines. Older adults in Union County reported the highest rates of preparedness, while those in Fayette County reported the lowest. County-level rates of disruption of life activities by extreme weather ranged widely. Among the most rural in the region, Fayette County emerged as uniquely disadvantaged, with the lowest median income, the most vulnerable across multiple social vulnerability dimensions, and the most reported disruptions to life activities from extreme weather. County profiles offer a snapshot of existing vulnerabilities, socioeconomic conditions, special needs, preparedness, and current disruptions among older adults in the region and can inform resource mobilization across community and policy contexts.

关键词： Disaster preparedness Extreme weather Midwestern United states Older adults Regional assessment social vulnerability

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“If I Do not Go to work, They Will Die!” Dual Roles of Older-Adult Personal Support workers' Contributions During the COVID-19 Pandemic

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International Journal of Disaster Risk Science 2024年第2期15卷 226-238页

作者： Haorui Wu Mandy Yung School of social work Faculty of HealthDalhousie UniversityHalifaxNS B3H 4R2Canada

When COVID-19 devastated older-adult organizations(long-term care homes and retirement homes), most public attention was directed toward the older-adult residents rather than their service providers. This was especially true in the case of personal support workers, some of whom are over the age of 55, putting them in two separate categories in the COVID-19 settings:(1) a vulnerable and marginalized group who are disproportionately impacted by COVID-19;and(2) essential healthcare workers. Since the current disaster-driven research, practice, and policy have primarily focused on generalized assumptions that older-adults are a vulnerable, passive, and dependent group rather than recognizing their diversity, expertise, assets, and experiences, this study aimed to identify their contributions from the perspective of older-adult personal support worker(OAPSW). This qualitative study conducted in-depth interviews, inviting 15 OAPSWs from the Greater Toronto Area, Canada. This study uncovered the OAPSWs' contribution at three levels: individual(enhancing physical health, mental health, and overall well-being), work(improving working environment and service and supporting co-workers), and family(protecting their nuclear and extended families). The outcomes inform the older-adult research, practice, policy, public discourse, and education by enhancing the appreciation of older-adults' diverse strengths and promoting their engagement and contributions in disaster settings.

关键词： Canada COVID-19 Individual-work-family triangulation Older-adult personal support workers

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Valuable Beyond Vulnerable: A Scoping Review on the Contributions of Older Forced Migrants in Post-migration Recovery

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International Journal of Disaster Risk Science 2024年第2期15卷 186-197页

作者： Prince Chiagozie Ekoh Christine A.Walsh Faculty of social work University of CalgaryCalgaryAB T2N 1N4Canada Department of social work University of NigeriaNsukka 410001Nigeria

During times of crisis, including pandemics, climate change, and forced migration, much of the discourse in ageing research and intervention centers on the vulnerabilities of older adults. Unfortunately, the valuable contributions of older adults to post-disaster recovery and healing are often overlooked and undervalued. Our aim in this scoping review is to shed light on the critical contributions of older forced migrants to post-migration recovery. We set the scene by introducing the two significant global demographic changes of the twenty-first century: forced migration and ageing. We provide a discourse on older forced migrants, ageing in situations of forced migration, and some of the challenges faced by older forced migrants. We then present some of the substantial roles of older forced migrants in post-migration recovery, including building resilience, contributing to culture and language transfer, providing emotional support, offering mentorship and leadership, participating in community building, and fostering social integration. We close by highlighting some of the lessons that can be drawn from understanding the unique roles played by older adults in post-forced migration recovery and the key actions necessary to promote these roles.

关键词： Older displaced persons Older forced migrants Older refugees Post-forced migration recovery

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Disparities in the impact of economic well-being on self-esteem in adulthood:Race and ethnicity

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World Journal of Psychiatry 2024年第2期14卷 296-307页

作者： Jaewon Lee School of social work Inha UniversityIncheon 22212South Korea

BACKGROUND Most studies have defined economic well-being as socioeconomic status,with little attention given to whether other indicators influence *** is known about racial/ethnic disparities in the relationship between economic wellbeing and self-esteem during *** To explore the impact of economic well-being on self-esteem in adulthood and differences in the association across race/*** The current study used data from the National Longitudinal Survey of Youth *** final sample consisted of 2267 African Americans,1425 Hispanics,and 3678 non-Hispanic *** linear regression analyses and logistic regression analyses were *** African Americans and Hispanics were more likely to be in poverty in comparison with non-Hispanic *** African Americans were unemployed than *** who received fringe benefits,were more satisfied with jobs,and were employed were more likely to have higher levels of *** was negatively associated with *** effects were found between African Americans and job satisfaction predicting *** The role of employers is important in cultivating employees’*** outcomes or feelings of happiness from the workplace may be more important to non-Hispanic Whites compared to African Americans and Hispanics.

关键词： Economic well-being Self-esteem Racial/Ethnic disparities Adulthood

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Promoting Older Adults' Engagement in Disaster Settings: An Introduction to the Special Issue

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International Journal of Disaster Risk Science 2024年第2期15卷 181-185页

作者： Haorui Wu Christine AWalsh Julie LDrolet Kyle Breen Faculty of health School of Social WorkDalhousie UniversityHalifaxNS B3H 4R2Canada Faculty of social work University of CalgaryCalgaryAB T2N 1N4Canada Faculty of social work Central&Northern Alberta RegionUniversity of CalgaryEdmontonAB T5J 4P6Canada

1 Introduction Globally, surging extreme events and the escalating aging population present ongoing and severe challenges to the full spectrum of international community development(for example, social, health, and ec... 详细信息

关键词： extreme challenges economic

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Promoting Older Adults' Engagement in Disaster Recovery Through Supportive Relationships, Partnerships, and Collaboration: Perspectives of social work Practitioners and Human Service Professionals

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International Journal of Disaster Risk Science 2024年第2期15卷 265-276页

作者： Julie L.Drolet Mahed Choudhury Faculty of social work University of CalgaryEdmontonAB T5J 4P6Canada

Shifting demographics—that is, the growing number of older adults in Canada and internationally—and intersecting climatic risks create a complex landscape of aging in place in disaster contexts. Some older adults are vulnerable due to their underlying health conditions and limited physical mobility. Yet they also exhibit resilience in a distinct manner, owing to their wealth of knowledge, wisdom, and ability to navigate adversities. This article elucidates potential avenues for promoting the involvement of older adults in disaster recovery efforts. Our intention is to recognize and foster older adult resilience and mitigate vulnerability by drawing upon insights from the study titled “In the Aftermath of the 2016 Alberta Wildfires: The Role of social work Practitioners and Human Service Professionals in Long-Term Disaster Recovery.” Employing a qualitative research approach, that study recruited 51 participants for semistructured interviews and focus groups. A thematic analysis of the collected data unveiled the pivotal roles played by social workers and human service practitioners in facilitating recovery from the 2016 wildfires in the research. Notably, three overarching themes emerged concerning the promotion of older adults' involvement in disaster recovery: fostering supportive relationships, building partnerships and enhancing collaboration, and addressing ongoing challenges. These findings offer valuable insights into how social work practitioners and human service professionals can effectively facilitate the engagement of older adults in disaster recovery initiatives. This article emphasizes the significance of actively promoting the participation of older adults in disaster mitigation efforts, thereby fostering greater resilience within communities.

关键词： Alberta wildfires Canada Disaster recovery Older adults Partnerships and collaboration social work

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“If Somebody Needed Help, I Went Over”: social Capital and Therapeutic Communities of Older Adult Farmers in British Columbia Floods

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International Journal of Disaster Risk Science 2024年第2期15卷 290-301页

作者： Kyle Breen Siyu Ru Luna Vandeweghe Jenna Chiu Lindsay Heyland Haorui Wu School of social work Dalhousie UniversityHalifaxNS B3H 1S2Canada

Older adults in disaster contexts are often thought of as a passive, vulnerable population that lacks agency and capacities to cope in the aftermath. However, it can be argued that older adults may have underrecognized strengths that can be utilized pre-, peri-, and post-disaster. One of these strengths is older adults' unique social capital that stems from long-standing connections with other members of their respective communities. Using data from in-depth, semistructured interviews with farmers in British Columbia 3–11 months after the 2021 floods, this research explored the experiences of older adult farmers' recovery. The farmers discussed how they leveraged their social capital to aid in their recovery efforts from the flood event. By using their bonding social capital, older adult farmers transformed their existing, deep-rooted connections into post-disaster assistance. This, in turn, generated the idea of the therapeutic community, helping community members cope in the aftermath. This research indicated the need to further examine how older adults in disaster settings can be viewed as assets with community knowledge and skills as opposed to solely as a vulnerable population.

关键词： British Columbia Flood disaster Older adults Qualitative research social capital Therapeutic community

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Parental Educational Expectations,Academic Pressure,and Adolescent Mental health:An Empirical study Based on CEPS Survey Data

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International Journal of Mental health Promotion 2024年第2期26卷 93-103页

作者： Tao Xu Fangqiang Zuo Kai Zheng Department of social work College of International Education and Social DevelopmentZhejiang Normal UniversityJinhua321004China Department of Economics and International Trade School of EconomicsManagement&LawHubei Normal UniversityHuangshi435002China

Background:This study aimed to investigate the relationship between parental educational expectations and adolescent mental health problems,with academic pressure as a moderating ***:This study was based on the baseline data of the China Education Panel Survey,which was collected within one school year during 2013–*** included 19,958 samples from seventh and ninth graders,who ranged from 11 to 18 years *** removing missing values and conducting relevant data processing,the effective sample size for analysis was *** OLS(Ordinary Least Squares)multiple linear regression analysis was used to examine the relationship between parental educational expectations,academic pressure,and adolescents’mental health *** addition,we established an interaction term between parents’educational expectations and academic pressure to investigate the moderating effect of academic ***:The study found that adolescents whose parents had high educational expectations reported less mental health problems.(β=−0.195;phealth problems.(β=0.649;pstudy found that academic pressure had a significant moderating effect on the relationship between parental educational expectations and adolescents’mental health problems(β=0.082;phealth problems,and academic pressure moderated this *** those adolescents with high levels of academic pressure,the association between high parental educational expectations and mental health problems became *** the contrary,for those adolescents with low levels of academic pressure,the association between high parental educational expectations and mental health problems became *** findings shed new light on how parental educational expectations affected adolescent mental health problems and h

关键词： Parental educational expectations academic pressure adolescent mental health problems

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Association between heat and upper urinary tract stones morbidity and medical costs: A study in the subtropical humid climate zone

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Advances in Climate Change Research 2024年第4期15卷 717-724页

作者： Chen-Lu YANG Jun-Zhe BAO Peng BI Ya-Dong ZHANG Chao-Ming TAN Kai CHEN college of Public health Zhengzhou UniversityZhengzhou 450001China School of Public health The University of AdelaideAdelaide 5000Australia Department of Andrology The First Affliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen UniversityGuangzhou 510080China Nanjing social Insurance Management Center Nanjing 210008China Department of Environmental health Sciences Yale UniversityNew Haven 06520USA Yale Center on Climate Change and health Yale UniversityNew Haven 06520USA

Urolithiasis is a heat-specific *** heat-related urolithiasis susceptibility subtypes,economic burden,and modifying factors could assist governments in targeting interventions to reduce the heat-related health risks of urolithiasis *** collected data on 23,492 patients with upper urinary tract stones(main subtypes of urolithiasis)from 2013 to 2017 in Nanjing,*** adopted generalized additive quasi-Poisson models to examine the associations between daily mean temperatures and morbidity of upper urinary tract stones,while generalized additive Gaussian models were used to explore the relationships between temperatures and log-transformed medical *** examined the modification effects of disease subtypes(kidney and ureteral calculus),sex,and age through stratified analyses and the modif-cation effects of other meteorological factors by introducing interaction terms in the *** found that short-term summer heat exposure has a statistically significant effect on ureteral calculus morbidity but not on kidney calculus *** ureter calculus,a 1℃ temperature increase was associated with a 4.36%(95%confidence interval[CI]:1.94%,6.83%)increase in daily hospitalization and a 5.44%(95%CI:2.71%,8.25%)increase in daily medical *** attributable fraction associated with heat(greater than the median value of daily mean temperature,26.8℃)was 7.85%(95%empirical confidence interval[eCI]:3.64%,11.44%)for hospitalization and 9.36%(95%eCI:4.91%,13.14%)for medical *** effects of heat on ureter calculus morbidity were significantly higher among the males and those with high sunshine duration than females and those with low sunshine ***-term summer heat exposure was associated with increased morbidity and medical costs of ureteral *** government organizations should take effective intervention measures,including community health education,to reduce the health hazards and economic losses caused by heat.

关键词： Heat Upper urinary tract stones Economic burden Modification effects

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Suicide risk in juvenile open angle glaucoma patients

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International Journal of Ophthalmology(English edition) 2024年第10期17卷 1880-1886页

作者： Hye-Jeong Seong Sukyoung Jung Sooyeon Choe Department of Ophthalmology Chungnam National University HospitalDaejeon 35015Republic of Korea Department of Ophthalmology Chungnam National University College of MedicineDaejeon 35015Republic of Korea Department of health Care Policy Research Korea Institute for Health and Social AffairsSejong 30147Republic of Korea

AIM:To investigate the association between juvenile open angle glaucoma(JOAG)and mental health among ***:This study used nationally representative data from the 8th Korea National health and Nutrition Examination Survey(KNHANES)*** diagnosis followed the International Society of Geographical and Epidemiological Ophthalmology criteria based on glaucomatous structural defects,visual field defects,corrected vision,and intraocular *** outcomes,suicidal behaviors,psychiatric counseling,and depression were evaluated through mental health *** ratios(ORs)with 95%confidence intervals(CIs)were estimated using logistic regression models,adjusting for ***:Among 7090 participants,3446 met the inclusion criteria for analysis,and 88(2.6%)were diagnosed with open angle glaucoma(OAG).After adjusting for age,sex,and best-corrected visual acuity(VA),participants with OAG were revealed to have significantly higher odds of suicidal behaviors(i.e.,ideation,planning,or attempts)compared with those without OAG(OR:2.70;95%CI:1.12-6.54;P=0.028).This association remained significant after further adjustments for socioeconomic status,lifestyle factors,and presence of chronic conditions(P=0.031 and 0.035,respectively).However,there was no significant difference for the other two outcomes,psychiatric counseling and *** age-stratified analysis revealed a stronger association between OAG and suicidal behaviors in younger JOAG participants(<40y)than in older OAG participants(≥40y;OR:3.80 vs 2.22;95%CI:0.79-18.22 vs 0.56-8.80,respectively).CONCLUSION:OAG patients show a higher risk of suicidal behaviors than those without glaucoma particularly in JOAG patients.

关键词： glaucoma juvenile open angle glaucoma suicide suicidal behavior

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