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Analysis of the joint detection capability of the SMILE satellite and EISCAT-3D radar

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Earth and Planetary Physics 2024年第1期8卷 299-306页

作者： JiaoJiao Zhang TianRan Sun XiZheng Yu DaLin Li Hang Li JiaQi Guo ZongHua Ding Tao Chen Jian Wu Chi Wang State Key Laboratory of space weather National Space Science CenterChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China Key Laboratory of Solar Activity and space weather National Space Science CenterChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 101408China Key Laboratory of Electronics and Information Technology for space Systems Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China China Research Institute of Radio-wave Propagation Qingdao 266075China

The Solar wind Magnetosphere Ionosphere Link Explorer(SMILE)satellite is a small magnetosphere–ionosphere link explorer developed cooperatively between China and *** pioneers the use of X-ray imaging technology to perform large-scale imaging of the Earth’s magnetosheath and polar cusp *** uses a high-precision ultraviolet imager to image the overall configuration of the aurora and monitor changes in the source of solar wind in real time,using in situ detection instruments to improve human understanding of the relationship between solar activity and changes in the Earth’s magnetic *** SMILE satellite is scheduled to launch in *** European Incoherent Scatter Sciences Association(EISCAT)-3D radar is a new generation of European incoherent scatter radar constructed by EISCAT and is the most advanced ground-based ionospheric experimental device in the high-latitude polar *** has multibeam and multidirectional quasi-real-time three-dimensional(3D)imaging capabilities,continuous monitoring and operation capabilities,and multiple-baseline interferometry *** detection by the SMILE satellite and the EISCAT-3D radar is of great significance for revealing the coupling process of the solar wind–magnetosphere–***,we performed an analysis of the joint detection capability of the SMILE satellite and EISCAT-3D,analyzed the period during which the two can perform joint detection,and defined the key scientific problems that can be solved by joint *** addition,we developed Web-based software to search for and visualize the joint detection period of the SMILE satellite and EISCAT-3D radar,which lays the foundation for subsequent joint detection experiments and scientific research.

关键词： Solar wind Magnetosphere Ionosphere Link Explorer(SMILE)satellite European Incoherent Scatter Sciences Association(EISCAT)-3D radar joint detection

Assessment of International GNSS Service Global Ionosphere Map products over China region based on measurements from the Crustal Movement Observation Network of China

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Earth and Planetary Physics 2024年第2期8卷 400-407页

作者： Jin Hu HaiBing Ruan FuQing Huang ShengYang Gu XianKang Dou Institute of space weather Nanjing University of Information Science and TechnologyNanjing 210044China State Key Laboratory of space weather Chinese Academy of Sciences(CAS)Beijing 100190China School of Electronic Information Wuhan UniversityWuhan 430072China Wuxi Research Institute Nanjing University of Information Science and TechnologyWuxi Jiangsu 214000China CAS Key Laboratory of Geospace Environment School of Earth and Space SciencesUniversity of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei 230026China

The global ionosphere maps(GIM)provided by the International GNSS Service(IGS)are extensively utilized for ionospheric morphology monitoring,scientific research,and practical *** the credibility of GIM products in data-sparse regions is of paramount *** this study,measurements from the Crustal Movement Observation Network of China(CMONOC)are leveraged to evaluate the suitability of IGS-GIM products over China region in *** indices of mean error(ME),root mean square error(RMSE),and normalized RMSE(NRMSE)are then utilized to quantify the accuracy of IGS-GIM *** revealed distinct local time and latitudinal dependencies in IGS-GIM errors,with substantially high errors at nighttime(NRMSE:39%)and above 40°latitude(NRMSE:49%).Seasonal differences also emerged,with larger equinoctial deviations(NRMSE:33.5%)compared with summer(20%).A preliminary analysis implied that the irregular assimilation of sparse IGS observations,compounded by China’s distinct geomagnetic topology,may manifest as error *** results suggest that modeling based solely on IGS-GIM observations engenders inadequate representations across China and that a thorough examination would proffer the necessary foundation for advancing regional total electron content(TEC)constructions.

关键词： International GNSS Service(IGS)Global Ionosphere Maps(GIM) Crustal Movement Observation Network of China(CMONOC) total electron content(TEC) data assessment

Hourly land surface temperature retrieval over the Tibetan Plateau using Geo-LightGBM framework: Fusion of Himawari-8 satellite, ERA5 and site observations

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Advances in Climate Change Research 2024年第4期15卷 623-635页

作者： Zhao-Hua LIU Shan-Shan WENG Zhao-Liang ZENG Ming-Hu DING Ya-Qiang WANG Zhehao LIANG Civil and Surveying&Mapping Engineering Jiangxi University of Science and TechnologyGanzhou 341000China State Key Laboratory of Severe weather Chinese Academy of Meteoroogical Sciences Beijing 100081China space Geodesy and Geoinformation Technical Unviersity of BerlinBerlin 10623Germany

The Tibetan Plateau(TP)is highly sensitive to even minor fluctuations in land surface temperature(LST),which can result in permafrost melting and degradation of alpine grasslands,leading to serious ecological ***,it is crucial to have high-temporal-resolution and seamless hourly estimating and monitoring of LST for a better understanding of climate change on the ***,we employed Himawari-8 satellite,Digital Elevation Model(DEM),ERA5 reanalysis and meteorological station observations data to develop a new LightGBM framework(called Geo-LightGBM)for estimating LST on the TP,and then analyzed the spatiotemporal variations of those ***-LightGBM demonstrated excellent LST estimation accuracy,with an R2(coefficient of determination)of 0.971,RMSE(root-mean-square error)of 2.479℃,and MAE(mean absolute error)of 1.510℃.The estimated LST values for the year 2020 agreed well with observed values,with remarkable differences in hourly LST ***,the estimated LST was more accurate than that from ***,there were two high LST centers,located in the Yarlung Zangbo River Basin and the Qaidam Basin,and a low LST center located in the central *** SHAP(SHapley Additive exPlanations)and correlation analyses revealed DSCS(the mean ground downward shortwave radiation under clear-sky conditions)to be the most importantly input variable for estimating *** dummy variables(e.g.,longitude,latitude,DEM)were also found to be crucial for model accuracy *** findings indicate the potential for constructing a high-precision and seamless 24-h LST real-time retrieval and monitoring platform for the TP by combining satellite and China's independently developed CLDAS(China Land Data Assimilation System)data in future.

关键词： Tibetan Plateau Himawari-8 ERA5 Land surface temperature Geo-LightGBM

Recognition of Organizational Morphology of Mesoscale Convective Systems Using Himawari-8 Observations

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Journal of Tropical Meteorology 2024年第3期30卷 289-305页

作者： SHOU Yi-xuan ZHANG Su-zhao LU Feng Key Laboratory of Radiometric Calibration and Validation for Environmental Satellites National Satellite Meteorological Center(National Center for Space Weather)China Meteorological AdministrationBeijing 100081 China Innovation Center for FengYun Meteorological Satellite(FYSIC) Beijing 100081 China Key Laboratory for Meteorological Disaster monitoring and Early Warning and Risk Management of Characteristic Agriculture in Arid Regions Yinchuan 750002 China Ningxia Key Laboratory of Meteorological Disaster Prevention and Mitigation Yinchuan 750002 China

The onset,evolution,and propagation processes of convective cells can be reflected by the organizational morphology of mesoscale convective systems(MCSs),which are key factors in determining the potential for heavy *** paper proposed a method for objectively classifying and segmenting MCSs using geosynchronous satellite *** of the product relative to the classification in radar composite reflectivity imagery indicates that the algorithm offers skill for discriminating between convective and stratiform areas and matched 65%of convective area identifications in radar imagery with a false alarm rate of 39%and an accuracy of 94%.A quantitative evaluation of the similarity between the structures of 50 MCSs randomly obtained from satellite and radar observations shows that the similarity was as high as 60%.For further testing,the organizational modes of the MCS that caused the heavy precipitation in Northwest China on August 21,2016(hereinafter known as the“0821”rainstorm)were *** was found that the MCS,accompanied by the“0821”rainstorm,successively exhibited modes of the isolated cell,squall line with parallel stratiform(PS)rain,and non-linear system during its life *** them,the PS mode might have played a key role in causing this *** findings are in line with previous studies.

关键词： mesoscale convective system satellite organizational morphology extremely heavy precipitation

Construction and Research Progress of the Chinese Meridian Project in 2022–2023

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空间科学学报 2024年第4期44卷 704-711页

作者： WANG Chi CHEN Zhiqing XU Jiyao National space Science Center Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190

The Chinese Meridian Project(CMP)is a major national science and technology infrastructure constructed in two *** first phase of the CMP has been operating for more than a solar *** 2022 to 2023,utilizing the monitoring data collected by the CMP,scientists made major breakthroughs in fields of ionosphere,middle and upper atmosphere,and coupling between *** construction of the second phase of the CMP is nearly finished,and the project is expected to operate as a whole in 2025 after national acceptance of the second *** whole project was built in an architecture of so-called“One Chain,Three Networks and Four Focuses”.It is promising to make a three-dimensional observation of the whole solar-terrestrial *** science community is looking forward to the great contribution of the CMP to space weather and space physics research.

关键词： Chinese Meridian Project(CMP) Magnetosphere Ionosphere Middle and upper atmosphere

Design and application of an autonomous Master Control System for a multi-layer magnetic and helioseismic telescope

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Astronomical Techniques and Instruments 2024年第3期1卷 187-196页

作者： Liyue Tong Yingzi Sun Xiao Yang Jiaben Lin Yuanyong Deng Xianyong Bai Bingxiang Wang Xiaoming Zhu Yang Bai Yi Shang Hui Wang National Astronomical Observatories Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China Key Laboratory of Solar Activity and space weather National Space Science CenterChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China School of Astronomy and space Science University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering Wuhan Polytechnic UniversityWuhan 430023China

With the growing significance of space weather forecasting,multi-layer magnetic and helioseismic telescopes are emerging as a key area of ***,owing to the diverse operational processes and sophisticated hardware configurations of these devices,there is an urgent need for efficient autonomous observation *** autonomous Master Control System(MCS)can ensure efficient performance,data consistency,and stability,and the prototype presented here adopts a microservices architecture,breaking down the hardware into multiple subsystems and converting their functions into individual services.A central decision-making system leads the operations,supported by three auxiliary systems and three device control *** inter-subsystem service calls,it achieves rapid imaging and spectroscopic *** verify system stability and observation efficiency,the system was tested on the Solar Full-disk Multi-layer *** results verify this system can operate automatically for 4 consecutive months,acquire photospheric vector magnetic and Doppler velocity fields within a 15-minute interval,and measure chromospheric longitudinal magnetic and Doppler velocity fields in under 180 *** ensures consistent and stable solar monitoring and serves as a practical methodological benchmark for the development of similar devices.

关键词： Astronomical instrumentation Telescopes Solar optical telescopes Automated telescopes

Sunspot Group Detection and Classification by Dual Stream Convolutional Neural Network Method

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Research in Astronomy and Astrophysics 2024年第9期24卷 248-259页

作者： Nyasha Mariam Mkwanda Weixin Tian Junlin Li Hubei Key Laboratory of Intelligent Vision Based monitoring for Hydroelectric Engineering China Three Gorges UniversityYichang 443002China College of Computer and Information Technology China Three Gorges UniversityYichang 443002China

The automatic detection and analysis of sunspots play a crucial role in understanding solar dynamics and predicting space weather *** paper proposes a novel method for sunspot group detection and classification called the dual stream Convolutional Neural Network with Attention Mechanism(DSCNN-AM).The network consists of two parallel streams each processing different input data allowing for joint processing of spatial and temporal information while classifying *** takes in the white light images as well as the corresponding magnetic images that reveal both the optical and magnetic features of *** extracted features are then fused and processed by fully connected layers to perform detection and *** attention mechanism is further integrated to address the“edge dimming”problem which improves the model’s ability to handle sunspots near the edge of the solar *** network is trained and tested on the SOLAR-STORM1 data *** results demonstrate that the DSCNN-AM achieves superior performance compared to existing methods,with a total accuracy exceeding 90%.

关键词： Sun:magnetic fields Sun:flares (Sun:)sunspots DSCNN Attention mechanism Edge dimming

Anomalous Ionospheric foF2 Variations Observed Prior to the Dalbandin Earthquake in Pakistan

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Earthquake Research in China 2015年第4期29卷 567-575页

作者： Muhammad Irfan Aftab Alam Muhammad Junaid Muhammad Ayyaz Ameen Talat Iqbal Huang Fuqiong Center for Earthquake Studies National Center for Physics space weather monitoring division SUPARCO China Earthquake Networks Center

Ionosphereic foF2 variations are very sensitive to the seismic effect and results of ionospheric perturbations associated with earthquakes seem to very hopeful for short-term earthquake prediction. On January 18,2011 at 20: 23 UT a great earthquake( M = 7. 2)occurred in Dalbandin( 28. 73° N,63. 92° E),Pakistan. In this study,we have tried to find out the features of pre-earthquake ionospheric anomalies by using the hourly day time( 08. 00 a. m.- 05. 00 p. m.) data of critical frequency( foF2) obtained by three vertical sounding stations installed in Islamabad( 33. 78°N,73. 06°E),Multan( 32. 26°N,71. 51°E) and Karachi( 24. 89° N,67. 02° E), Pakistan. The results show the significant anomalies of foF2 in the earthquake preparation zone several days prior to the Dalbandin earthquake. It is also observed that the amplitude and frequency of foF2 anomalies are more prominent at the nearest station to the epicenter as compared to those stations near the outer margin of the earthquake preparation zone. The confidence level for ionospheric anomalies regarding the seismic signatures can be enhanced by adding the analysis of some other ionospheic parameters along with critical frequency of the layer F2.

关键词： Dalbandin earthquake Ionosphereic foF2 anomaly Short-term prediction Pakistan

Investigation of Mesoscale Available Potential Energy Spectra in a Simulated Tropical Cyclone

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Journal of Meteorological Research 2019年第6期33卷 1098-1112页

作者： Yuan WANG Lifeng ZHANG Jun PENG Yun ZHANG Tongfeng WEI College of Meteorology and Oceanography National University of Defense TechnologyNanjing 211101 Meteorology and space weather monitoring and Warning Center China Xi’an Satellite Control CenterXi’an 710000

We investigated the moist mesoscale available potential energy(APE)spectra and corresponding spectral budgets of an idealized tropical cyclone(TC).The APE is defined with respect to a dry air mass using a modified potential *** wavelengths below 500 km,the mesoscale APE spectra show a consistent quasi-linear shape and a–5/3 spectral slope in the troposphere and lower stratosphere during the mature period of the *** spectral APE budget in the troposphere is dominated by diabatic and energy conversion *** mesoscale APE is forcefully injected by the diabatic effect and immediately partially converted to other forms of energy by the buoyancy *** diabatic effect contains a positive contribution from the heating effect and a negative contribution from the dehumidifying effect,which weakens the heating effect by about 16%.The energy conversion tends toward the horizontal kinetic energy at larger scales and toward the gravitational potential energy of the total moist species at smaller *** the lower stratosphere,the mesoscale APE is primarily deposited by the three-dimensional divergent effect and removed by nonlinear interactions;however,the effect of the energy conversion is *** lower troposphere and lower stratosphere are governed by clear downscale and upscale APE cascades,respectively,whereas the mid-and upper tropospheric mesoscale APE spectra undergo more complex cascade processes.

关键词： energy spectra available potential energy moist atmosphere tropical cyclone