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Impact of residual antibiotics on microbial decomposition of livestock manures in Eutric Regosol:Implications for sustainable nutrient recycling and soil carbon sequestration

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2025年第1期147卷 498-511页

作者： Linfa Fang Prakash Lakshmanan Xiaoxuan Su Yujia Shi Zheng Chen Yu Zhang Wei Sun Junxi Wu Ran Xiao Xinping Chen Interdisciplinary research Center for Agriculture Green Development in Yangtze River Basin College of Resources and EnvironmentSouthwest UniversityChongqing 400715China Key Laboratory of Sugarcane Biotechnology and Genetic Improvement(Guangxi) Ministry of Agriculture and Rural AffairsGuangxi Key Laboratory of Sugarcane Genetic ImprovementSugarcane Research InstituteGuangxi Academy of Agricultural SciencesNanning 530007China Queensland Alliance for Agriculture and Food Innovation University of QueenslandSt Lucia 4067QLDAustralia Key Laboratory of Ecosystem Network Observation and Modeling Institute of Geographic Sciences and National Resources ResearchChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China

The land application of livestock manure has been widely acknowledged as a beneficial approach for nutrient recycling and environmental ***,the impact of residual antibiotics,a common contaminant of manure,on the degradation of organic compounds and nutrient release in Eutric Regosol is not well ***,we studied,how oxytetracycline(OTC)and ciprofloxacin(CIP)affect the decomposition,microbial community structure,extracellular enzyme activities and nutrient release from cattle and pig manure using litterbag incubation *** showed that OTC and CIP greatly inhibited livestock manure decomposition,causing a decreased rate of carbon(28%-87%),nitrogen(15%-44%)and phosphorus(26%-43%)*** relative abundance of gramnegative(G-)bacteria was reduced by 4.0%-13%while fungi increased by 7.0%-71%during a 28-day incubation ***-occurrence network analysis showed that antibiotic exposure disrupted microbial interactions,particularly among G-bacteria,G+bacteria,and *** changes in microbial community structure and function resulted in decreased activity of urease,β-1,4-N-acetyl-glucosaminidase,alkaline protease,chitinase,and catalase,causing reduced decomposition and nutrient release in cattle and pig *** findings advance our understanding of decomposition and nutrient recycling from manure-contaminated antibiotics,which will help facilitate sustainable agricultural production and soil carbon sequestration.

关键词： Residual antibiotics Livestock manure decomposition Microbial community Co-occurrence network Enzyme activities

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High-precision laser monitoring system with enhanced non-uniform scanning for railway safety

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Railway Engineering Science 2025年第1期33卷 79-93页

作者： Yingying Yang Cheng Wang Xiaoqi Liu Yu Liu Weier Lu Zhonglin Zhu Hongye Yan Guotang Zhao Xuechun Lin Laboratory of All‑Solid‑State Light Sources Institute of SemiconductorsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100083China China State Railway Group Co. Ltd.Beijing 100844China School of Civil Engineering Southwest Jiaotong UniversityChengdu 610031China Institute of Microelectronics Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100029China Railway Engineering research Institute China Academy of Railway Sciences Corporation LimitedBeijing 100081China

The intrusion of obstacles onto railway tracks presents a significant threat to train safety,characterized by sudden and unpredictable *** China leading the world in high-speed rail mileage,ensuring railway security is *** current laser monitoring technologies suffer from high false alarm rates and unreliable intrusion *** study addresses these issues by investigating high-resolution laser monitoring technology for railway obstacles,focusing on key parameters such as monitoring range and *** propose an enhanced non-uniform laser scanning method,developing a laser monitoring system that reduces the obstacle false alarm rate to 2.00%,significantly lower than the 20%standard(TJ/GW135-2015).This rate is the best record for laser monitoring systems on China *** system operates seamlessly in all weather conditions,providing superior accuracy,resolution,and identification *** is the only 3D LiDAR system certified by the China State Railway Group Co.,Ltd.(Certificate No.[2023]008).Over three years,our system has been deployed at numerous points along various lines managed by the China State Railway Group,accumulating a dataset of 300,000 *** extensive deployment has significantly enhanced railway *** development and implementation of our railway laser monitoring system represent a substantial advancement in railway safety *** low false alarm rate(2.00%),high accuracy(20 cm×20 cm×20 cm),and robust performance in diverse conditions underscore its potential for widespread adoption,promising to enhance railway safety in China and internationally.

关键词： Laser monitoring technology Non-uniform laser scanning method False alarm rate Railway safety

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Real-time synchronous detection of wind and aerosol using a coherent lidar

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Chinese Optics Letters 2025年第01期 60-66页

作者：史悦罗雄孙培育董吉辉汤磊周杰王柯陈春利王云石周鼎富 southwest Institute of Technical Physics Science College Civil Aviation Flight University of China Lidar and Device Laboratory Southwest Institute of Technical Physics Key Laboratory of Laser Device Technology of China North Industries Group Corporation Limited China research and Development academy of Machinery Equipment

Coherent lidar (CL) addresses existing constraints in CL data products by enabling simultaneous observation of multiple meteorological parameters such as cloud height, extinction coefficient, aerosol concentration, and wind field evaluation. A detailed analysis of CL echo signals was performed at a wavelength of 1550 nm, enabling accurate measurements of cloud height and aerosol concentration. Extensive data analyses and validation tests were conducted, aligning them with a 532 nm direct aerosol lidar (AL). The assessments of the aerosol extinction coefficient demonstrated notable consistency. This underscores the potential of advanced CL for providing prolonged and consistent observations across diverse meteorological conditions.

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CSF multi-omics of intracerebral hemorrhage from onset to reperfusion underscores lipid metabolism in functional outcome

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Science Bulletin 2025年第2期70卷 162-166页

作者： Yibin Jiang Sin Man Lam Shuixian Zhang Huan Miao Yong Zhou Qian Zhang Tengyuan Zhou Hui Feng Ning Ding Haomiao Wang Ran Luo Yi Yin Hua Feng Guanghou Shui Rong Hu Department of Neurosurgery and Key Laboratory of Neurotrauma Southwest HospitalThird Military Medical University(Army Medical University)Chongqing 400038China State Key Laboratory of Molecular Developmental Biology Institute of Genetics and Developmental BiologyChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China Chongqing Key Laboratory on Big Data for Bio Intelligence Chongqing University of Posts and TelecommunicationsChongqing 400065China Clinical Medical research Center Southwest HospitalThird Military Medical University(Army Medical University)Chongqing 400038China

Constituting 6.5%to 19.6%of all stroke cases worldwide,non-traumatic intracerebral hemorrhage(ICH)represents the most devastating form of stroke,with aging,male gender,and hypertension being important risk factors that predispose individuals to ICH[1,2].Injuries following episodes of ICH can be classified into two forms,namely(1)primary injury arising from mechanical pressure exerted by the hematoma on adjacent tissues,(2)secondary injury resulting from oxidative stress and inflammation mediated by blood cell degradation products and coagulation factors[3].

关键词： metabolism hemorrhage intracerebral

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CHOLINE TRANSPORTER-RELATED 4(CTR4)Is Involved in Drought and Saline Tolerance in Rice

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Rice science 2025年第1期32卷 52-66,I0041-I0049页

作者： YU Shicong LUO Ruxian ZHENG Shuqin NING Jing SHI Yuanzhu GUO Daiming JIA Liangmeng WANG Sen XIAO Guizong GUO Pengwang LI Yang MA Xiaoding State Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Exploration and Utilization in southwest China Rice Research InstituteSichuan Agricultural UniversityChengdu 611134China State Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Resources and Breeding Institute of Crop SciencesChinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesBeijing 100081China National Crop Genebank Institute of Crop ScienceChinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesBeijing 100081China

The tolerance of rice to drought and saline stress is crucial for maintaining yields and promoting widespread *** an ethyl methanesulfonate(EMS)-mutagenized mutant library,we identified a mutant that is susceptible to osmotic stress,named Osmotic Stress Sensitivity 1(Oss1).Using MutMap sequencing,we characterized the role of a choline transporter-related family gene,CTR4(Choline Transporter-Related 4),in rice’s tolerance to drought and salt ***4 plays a critical role in regulating membrane lipid *** knockout mutants,the total membrane lipid content,especially unsaturated fatty acids,was significantly *** with the wild type,knockout mutants exhibited decreased membrane lipid stability under drought and salt stress,faster water loss,higher relative electrolyte leakage,and lower levels of proline and soluble sugars,leading to impaired tolerance to drought and salt *** contrast,the overexpression of CTR4 enhanced seedling tolerance to drought and saline *** overexpression lines displayed lower malondialdehyde levels,reduced relative electrolyte leakage,and slower rates of leaf water loss under stress conditions,thereby improving seedling survival rates during ***,lipid synthesis gene expression was down-regulated in CTR4 mutants,potentially exacerbating membrane permeability defects and further compromising stress *** findings suggest that CTR4 mediates choline transport and influences cell membrane formation,thereby enhancing rice defenses against drought and salt stress by maintaining lipid homeostasis.

关键词： Oryza sativa drought stress salt stress choline transporter lipid homeostasis

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Deciphering fungal metabolon coupling tandem inverse-electrondemand Diels-Alder reaction and semipinacol rearrangement for the biosynthesis of spiro polycyclic alkaloids

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Science China Chemistry 2025年第1期68卷 288-296页

作者： Shuai Liu Wen-Qiang Xu Ying-Tong Di Man-Cheng Tang Ding-Kang Chen Ming-Ming Cao Yao-Wen Chang Hong-Yu Tang Chun-Mao Yuan Jun-Bo Yang Zhi-Li Zuo Han Guo Zi-Fei Xu Ying Zeng Yun-Dong Wu Xiao-Jiang Hao Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Natural Medicines(Chinese academy of Sciences) Kunming Institute of BotanyChinese Academy of SciencesKunming 650201China Lab of Computational Chemistry and Drug Design State Key Laboratory of Chemical OncogenomicsPeking University Shenzhen Graduate SchoolShenzhen 518055China Shenzhen Bay Laboratory Shenzhen 518055China University of Chinese academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China State Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism School of Life Sciences&BiotechnologyShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200240China State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants Guizhou Medical UniversityGuiyang 550014China Molecular Biology Experimental Center Germplasm Bank of Wild Species in Southwest ChinaKunming Institute of BotanyChinese Academy of SciencesKunming 650201China Yunnan Key Laboratory for Wild Plant Resources Kunming Institute of BotanyChinese Academy of SciencesKunming 650201China research Unit of Chemical Biology of Natural Anti-Virus Products Chinese Academy of Medical SciencesBeijing 100730China

In the intricate process of natural product biosynthesis,a metabolon can enhance metabolic flux by associating sequential enzymes.A fungal metabolon,comprising of flavin-dependent monooxygenase Spe F and P450 monooxygenase Spe G,is identified in the biosynthesis of spiro polycyclic alkaloids(+)-notoamide B and its diastereomer(+)-versicolamide *** notoamide E as a substance,Spe F/Spe G metabolon can control the stereoselectivity of its 2,3-epoxidation,followed by hydrogen atom ion at C-17 to generate reactive epoxide tau-m A with dienyl iminium ***,(+)-notoamide B and(+)-versicolamide B are produced via tandem nonenzymatic inverse-electron-demand Diels-Alder reaction and semipinacol *** provides the first example of metabolon in the biosynthesis of spiro-prenylated indole alkaloids.

关键词： metabolon Diels-Alder reaction semipinacol rearrangement biosynthesis notoamides spiro polycyclic alkaloids

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Community Tourism as Practiced in the Mountainous Qiang Region of Sichuan Province,China-a Case Study in Zhenghe Village

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Journal of Mountain Science 2008年第2期5卷 140-156页

作者： ZHOU Lianbin LIU Kaibang southwest Institute for nationalities research Southwest University for Nationalities Sichuan China

In China, community tourism is still a relatively new phenomenon, but the villagers of a small Qiang village in the Qiang Autonomous County of Beichuan in southwestern Sichuan have initiated tourism in a way which conforms to the basic theory of community tourism development. This demonstrates that community tourism possesses a strength and vitality that can promote the development of tourism in the rural and mountainous areas. In the district of Zhenghe Village, the tourism industry, based on the community tourism model, is the mainstay of its economy. The practice of community tourism in the village not only promotes the economic development of the village community, but also leads to the protection of the mountainous natural environment and of the culture of the Qiang people. This paper investigates the development process of community tourism in Zhenghe and shows how the local residents participate in this process. It also looks at how profits have been distributed within the community. It demonstrates that community tourism is a correct choice by the Zhenghe people as they have dearly been moving from poverty to prosperity, while the local ecology and environment have been simultaneously protected. The authors hope that other minority villages with similar local conditions and natural resources will be able to use this example to develop their own community tourism.

关键词： Community protection Qiang minority Sichuan China tourism environmental region Zhenghe Village

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Nitrogen addition promotes soil carbon accumulation globally

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Science China(Life Sciences) 2025年第1期68卷 284-293页

作者： Xuemei Yang Suhui Ma Erhan Huang Danhua Zhang Guoping Chen Jiangling Zhu Chengjun Ji Biao Zhu Lingli Liu Jingyun Fang Institute of Ecology College of Urban and Environmental Sciencesand Key Laboratory for Earth Surface Processes of the Ministry of EducationPeking UniversityBeijing 100871China Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Transboundary Ecosecurity of southwest China School of Ecology and Environmental ScienceYunnan UniversityKunming 650500China State Key Laboratory of Vegetation and Environmental Change Institute of BotanyChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100093China

Soil is the largest carbon(C)reservoir in terrestrial ecosystems and plays a crucial role in regulating the global C cycle and climate *** nitrogen(N)deposition has been widely considered as a critical factor affecting soil organic carbon(SOC)storage,but its effect on SOC components with different stability remains ***,we analyzed extensive empirical data from 304 sites worldwide to investigate how SOC and its components respond to N *** analysis showed that N addition led to a significant increase in bulk SOC(6.7%),with greater increases in croplands(10.6%)and forests(6.0%)compared to grasslands(2.1%).Regarding SOC components,N addition promoted the accumulation of plant-derived C(9.7%–28.5%)over microbial-derived C(0.2%),as well as labile(5.7%)over recalcitrant components(–1.2%),resulting in a shift towards increased accumulation of plant-derived labile ***,N addition led to a greater increase in particulate organic C(11.9%)than mineral-associated organic C(3.6%),suggesting that N addition promotes C accumulation across all pools,with more increase in unstable than stable *** responses of SOC and its components were best predicted by the N addition rate and net primary ***,our findings suggest that N enrichment could promote the accumulation of plant-derived and non-mineral associated C and a subsequent decrease in the overall stability of soil C pool,which underscores the importance of considering the effects of N enrichment on SOC components for a better understanding of C dynamics in soils.

关键词： meta-analysis nitrogen enrichment soil organic carbon carbon accumulation carbon stability

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Decoupled responses of soil microbial diversity and ecosystem functions to successive degeneration processes in alpine pioneer community

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Science China Life Sciences 2025年

作者： Yazhou Zhang J.Aaron Hogan Yaojun Ye Xin Liu Minshu Song Jianguo Chen Hang Sun CAS Key Laboratory for Plant Diversity and Biogeography of East Asia Kunming Institute of Botany Chinese Academy of Sciences USDA Forest Service International Institute of Tropical Forestry School of Life Sciences Yunnan Normal University School of Ecology and Environment Southwest Forestry University

Many alpine ecosystems are undergoing vegetation degradation because of global changes, which are affecting ecosystem functioning and biodiversity. The ecological consequences of alpine pioneer community degradation have been less studied than glacial retreat or meadow degradation in alpine ecosystems. We document the comprehensive responses of microbial community characteristics to degradation processes using field-based sampling, conduct soil microcosm experiments to simulate the effects of global change on microorganisms, and explore their relationships to ecosystem functioning across stages of alpine pioneer community degradation. Our work provides the first evidence that alpine pioneer community degradation led to declines of 27% in fungal richness, 8% in bacterial richness, and about 50% in endemic microorganisms. As vegetation degraded, key ecosystem functions such as nutrient availability, soil enzymatic activity, microbial biomass, and ecosystem multifunctionality progressively increased. However, soil respiration rate and carbon storage exhibited unbalanced dynamics. Respiration rate increased by 190% during the middle stage of degradation compared with the primary stage, and it decreased by38% in the later stage. This indicates that soil carbon loss or emission increases during the mid-successional stage, whereas in later successional stages, alpine meadows become significant carbon sinks. Compared with microbial community characteristics(such as richness of total and functional taxa, and network complexity), community resistance contributes more significantly to ecosystem ***, the bacterial community resistance is crucial for ecosystem functioning, yet it is greatly impaired by nitrogen addition. Based on microbial network, community assembly, and community resistance analyses, we conclude that fungi are more vulnerable to environmental changes and show smaller contributions to ecosystem functions than bacteria in degrading alpine ecosys

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Artificial sensory neurons and their applications

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Journal of Semiconductors 2025年第1期46卷 108-128页

作者： Jiale Shao Hongwei Ying Peihong Cheng Lingxiang Hu Xianhua Wei Zongxiao Li Huanming Lu Zhizhen Ye Fei Zhuge Faculty of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science Ningbo UniversityNingbo 315211China Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering Chinese Academy of SciencesNingbo 315201China School of Electronic and Information Engineering Ningbo University of TechnologyNingbo 315211China State Key Laboratory of Environment-friendly Energy Materials Southwest University of Science and TechnologyMianyang 621010China Institute of Wenzhou Zhejiang UniversityWenzhou 325006China State Key Laboratory of Silicon Materials School of Materials Science and EngineeringZhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310027China Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence Technology Chinese Academy of SciencesShanghai 200072China

With the rapid development of artificial intelligence(AI)technology,the demand for high-performance and energyefficient computing is increasingly *** limitations of the traditional von Neumann computing architecture have prompted researchers to explore neuromorphic computing as a *** computing mimics the working principles of the human brain,characterized by high efficiency,low energy consumption,and strong fault tolerance,providing a hardware foundation for the development of new generation AI *** neurons and synapses are the two core components of neuromorphic computing *** perception is a crucial aspect of neuromorphic computing,where artificial sensory neurons play an irreplaceable role thus becoming a frontier and hot topic of *** work reviews recent advances in artificial sensory neurons and their ***,biological sensory neurons are briefly ***,different types of artificial neurons,such as transistor neurons and memristive neurons,are discussed in detail,focusing on their device structures and working ***,the research progress of artificial sensory neurons and their applications in artificial perception systems is systematically elaborated,covering various sensory types,including vision,touch,hearing,taste,and ***,challenges faced by artificial sensory neurons at both device and system levels are summarized.

关键词： artificial sensory neurons artificial perception systems neuromorphic computing artificial intelligence

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