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Woody plant cell walls:Fundamentals and utilization

Molecular Plant 2024年第1期17卷 112-140页

作者： Wei Li Ying-Chung Jimmy Lin Ying-Lan Chen Chenguang Zhou Shuang Li Nette De Ridder Dyoni M.Oliveira Lanjun Zhange Baocai Zhang Jack P.Wang Changzheng Xu Xiaokang Fu Keming Luo Ai-Min Wu Taku Demura Meng-Zhu Lu Yihua Zhou Laigeng Li Toshiaki Umezawa Wout Boerjan Vincent L.Chiang State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding Northeast Forestry UniversityHarbin 150040China Department of Life Science National Taiwan UniversityTaipeiTaiwanChina Department of Biotechnology and Bioindustry Sciences College of Bioscience and BiotechnologyNational Cheng Kung UniversityTainanTaiwanChina Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics Ghent UniversityTechnologiepark 719052 GhentBelgium VIB Center for Plant Systems Biology Technologiepark 719052 GhentBelgium State Key Laboratory of Plant Genomics Insttute of Genetics and Developmental Biology Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China university of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China Forest Biotechnology Group Department of Forestry and Environmental ResourcesNorth Carolina State UniversityRaleighNC 27695USA Chongqing Key Laboratory of Plant Resource Conservation and Germplasm Innovation Integrative Science Center of Germplasm CreationSchool of Life SciencesSouthwest UniversityChongqing 400715China Guangdong Key Laboratory for Innovative Developmentand Utilization of Forest Plant Germplasm College of Forestry and Landscape ArchitecturesSouth China Agricultural UniversityGuangzhou510642China Center for Digital Green-innovation Nara Institute of Science and TechnologykomaNara 630-0192Japan State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Siviculture College of Forestry and BiotechnologyZhejang A&F UniversityHangzhou 311300China CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences Chinese Academy of Sciences300 Fenglin RoadShanghai 200032China Laboratoryof MetabolicScienceofForest Plants and Microorganisms Rsearch Institute for Sustainable HumanosphereKyoto UniversityUjiKyoto 611-0011 Japan

Cell walls in plants,particularly forest trees,are the major carbon sink of the terrestrial *** and biosynthetic features of plant cell walls were revealed early on,focusing mostly on herbaceous model *** developments in genomics,transcriptomics,epigenomics,transgenesis,and associated analytical techniques are enabling novel insights into formation of woody cell ***,we review multilevel regulation of cell wall biosynthesis in forest tree *** highlight current approaches to engineering cell walls as potential feedstock for materials and energy and survey reported field tests of such engineered transgenic *** outline opportunities and challenges in future research to better understand cell type biogenesis for more efficient wood cell wall modification and utilization for biomaterials or for enhanced carbon capture and storage.

关键词： regulation of cell wall formation biosynthesis of cell wall components lignin cellulose hemicellulose cell wall utilization

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Dynamic Changes of Chemical and Mechanical Properties of Moso Bamboo (Phyllostachys edulis) Culms under Different Storage Conditions

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Journal of Renewable Materials 2021年第5期9卷 1031-1043页

作者： Hui Zhan Zhaohui Niu Lixia Yu Maobiao Li Changming Wang Shuguang Wang southwest forestry university Kunming650224China APFNet Kunming Training Center Kunming650224China

The durability of bamboo based on its chemical and mechanical properties is a crucial consideration for the wood-based industry due to its vulnerability to insects and *** investigated the dynamic changes of chemical and mechanical properties of Phyllostachys edulis under air-dry and water storage conditions for 3,6 and 12 months *** chemical properties of *** bamboo culms varied with culm age but insignificantly with culm *** mechanical properties of *** culms showed an increasing trend with culm *** storage condition decreased the ash,SiO2 and lignin content,but increased the ethanol-benzene *** also created an anaerobic environment for bamboo culms in which only anaerobic respiration was possible contributing to reducing the content of soluble sugar and starch,thereby beneficial for decreasing the damage from insects and ***,the water storage conditions could maintain culm mechanical performance ***,the indigenous practice of local people to store bamboo culms in ponds has good science behind it and water storage practices of bamboo culms was recommended.

关键词： Phyllostachys edulis chemical properties mechanical properties storage conditions

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Characteristics of soil organic carbon andtotal nitrogen storages for differentland-use types in Central Yunnan Plateau

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排灌机械工程学报 2022年第5期40卷 519-528页

作者： SHEN Fangyuan TUO Yunfei WANG Qian WANG Fei ZHENG Yang DU Wenjuan XIANG Ping School of Ecology and Environmental Science Southwest Forestry UniversityKunmingYunnan 650224China

Two-factor analysis of variance and redundancy analysis were used to analyze the characte-ristics of soil organic carbon total nitrogen storage in garden land,forestland,grassland,farmland,and bare land in the Dachunhe watershed of Jinning District,Kunming City,Yunnan Province,*** effects of the soil organic carbon,total nitrogen stratification ratio,soil physical and chemical factors on the storage characteristics of organic carbon and total nitrogen of different land-use types were *** results show that the rates of carbon and nitrogen stratification in soil from 0-20 cm and 40-60 cm of the same land-use types differed are statistically significant(P<0.05).The organic carbon and total nitrogen stratification ratio SR1 of garden land soil are 38.5%and 25.3%,respectively,which are higher than SR^(2).The soil organic carbon and total nitrogen stratification ratio SR^(2) of different land-use types are greater than *** are statistically significant differences in the SR^(2) soil organic carbon and total nitrogen stratification ratios(P<0.05).Soil organic carbon and total nitrogen storage of diffe-rent land-use types gradually decrease with increasing soil depth,with the maximum soil organic carbon and total nitrogen storage in the 0-20 cm soil *** organic carbon and total nitrogen sto-rage at the same soil depth are significantly different(P<0.05).Soil organic carbon and total nitrogen storage in the garden land are greater than those in the other land-use *** organic carbon and total nitrogen storage in 0-20 cm garden land are 4.96 and 3.19 times than those in bare land,respectively;soil organic carbon and total nitrogen storage are explained by 93.66%and 1.53%in redundancy analysis RDA1 and RDA2,*** physicochemical factors except Available Phosphorus and pH are statistically significance with carbon and nitrogen storage(P<0.05).Soil cationic exchange capacity,Available Phosphorus,C/N ratio,and Moisture Content are posi

关键词： soil organic carbon storage soil total nitrogen storage stratification ratio land-use types Central Yunnan Plateau

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Plant Diversity as a Good Indicator of Vegetation Stability in a Typical Plateau Wetland

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Journal of Mountain Science 2014年第2期11卷 464-474页

作者： LI Wei TAN Rui YANG Yu-ming WANG Juan southwest forestry university Yunnan Academy of Biodiversity Key Laboratory of the State forestry Administration for Conservation of Yunnan Rare Endangered & Endemic Plant Yunnan Academy of Forestry Key Laboratory of Yunnan Provincial for Forest Plant Cultivation and Utilization Yunnan Academy of Forestry

Biotic indicators have been widely used to monitor wetland health. However, few studies have explicitly evaluated if plant diversity could serve as a useful community-level indicator of wetland stability,especially when wetlands are confronted with anthropogenic perturbations. Based on three-year record of wetland plant species abundance in Napahai plateau wetland, Shangri-la under the influence of varying anthropogenic perturbation types, our study tests the impact of such perturbations on plant richness and the relationship between ecosystem temporal stability and plant richness, and further assesses the effectiveness of using plant diversity indicator to probe ecosystem temporal stability of Napahai plateau wetland and the potential mechanisms. The results showed that anthropogenic perturbations could have contributed significantly to realistic variation in plant diversity, and further demonstrated that ecosystem temporal stability was positively related to realistic variation in plant diversity. In particular, communities with high levels of diversity might have better capacity to dampen perturbation impacts than communities with low levels of diversity, and statistical averaging could have played an important role in causing greater stability in more diverse communities. Also, asynchrony might have a stabilizing effect on community stability, and diversity could have stabilized communities through both species asynchrony and population stability propagation. Therefore, our results suggest that plant diversity could be used as a useful indicator of the stability conditions of plateau wetland ecosystems confronted with anthropogenic perturbations, and the preservation of plant communities at sufficient abundance and diversity is necessary for maintaining healthy plateau wetlands and for sustaining their essential ecosystem functions and services.

关键词： Plateau wetland Plant diversity Community stability Ecological indicator

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Formaldehyde Free Renewable Thermosetting Foam Based on Biomass Tannin with a Lignin Additive

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Journal of Renewable Materials 2022年第11期10卷 3009-3024页

作者： Bowen Liu Yunxia Zhou Hisham Essawy Shang Feng Xuehui Li Jingjing Liao Xiaojian Zhou Jun Zhang Sida Xie Yunnan Provincial Key Laboratory of Wood Adhesives and Glued Products Southwest Forestry UniversityKunming650224China Department of Polymers and Pigments National Research CentreCairo12622Egypt Key Laboratory for Forest Resources Conservation and Utilisation in the southwest Mountains of China(southwest forestry university) Ministry of EducationKunming650224China

This study presents easily prepared free formaldehyde bio-based foam based on a prepared thermosetting resin comprising tannin–lignin–furfuryl alcohol-glyoxal(TLFG)via mechanical stirring in presence of ether as a foaming *** foam was developed through a co-polycondensation reaction of glyoxal and furfuryl alcohol with condensed tannin and lignin,which is a forest-derived *** using scanning electron microscopy(SEM)showed more closed-cell structure without cracks and collapse in the TLFG foam,with a higher apparent density with respect to tannin–furanic–formaldehyde(TFF)*** scanning calorimetry(DSC),dynamic thermomechanical analysis(DTMA),and thermogravimetric analysis(TGA)investigations revealed that the curing process of TLFG foam proceeds easily even at a lower ***,it acquired higher heat resistance than TFF ***,TLFG has a more robust chemical network structure,which contributes efficiently to the mechanical strength and a lower pulverization degree compared with TFF-derived *** transform infrared spectrometry(FTIR)and electrospray ionization mass spectrometry(ESI-MS)proved that the cross-inking reactions between tannin,lignin,furfuryl alcohol,and glyoxal have been proceeded efficiently.

关键词： Foam materials heat resistance tannin lignin glyoxal compressive strength

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Temporal changes in wetland plant communities with decades of cumulative water pollution in two plateau lakes in China's Yunnan Province

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Journal of Mountain Science 2017年第7期14卷 1350-1357页

作者： WANG Si-hai WU Chao XIAO De-rong WANG Juan CHENG Xi-ping GUO Fang-bin Key Laboratory of the State forestry Administration on Conservation of Rare Endangered and Endemic Forest PlantsYunnan Academy of Forestry National Plateau Wetlands Research Center Southwest Forestry University State Key laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China Kunming Institute of Botany Chinese Academy of Sciences Yunnan Provincial Key Laboratory of Cultivation and Exploitation of Forest Plants Yunnan Academy of Forestry Faculty of Ecotourism Southwest Forestry University

Abstract： Wetland plant communities in the plateau lakes of Yunnan Province, China, have decreased significantly over the past decades. To better understand this degradation, we analyzed the processes and characteristics of changes in wetland plant communities in two of the largest lakes in Yunnan Province, Dianchi and Erhai lakes. We collected records of native and alien plant communities in the two lakes from literature published from the 195os to current period. We calculated plant community types and their area in some historical periods when related data were reported, and analyzed the relationship between chances in nlant communities and water nollution. InDianehi Lake, 12 community types of native plant communities, covering over 80% of the surface in the 195os and 196os, were reduced to four types covering 2.4% by the late 2ooos. Alien plant communities started to appear in the lake in the late 197os, and have since come to cover 4.9% of the lake surface, thereby becoming dominant. In Erhai Lake, 16 community types of native plant communities, covering 47.1% of the lake surface in the late 197os, declined to lo community types, covering 9.3% of the surface, by the late 2ooos. Alien plant communities appeared in the middle 198os, and at present cover 0.7% of the surface area. It was indicated that changes in plant communities were significant related to water eutrophication. The area occupied by native and alien plant communities was, respectively, negatively andpositively related to the content of nutrients in water. This showed lacustrine pollution played an important role in native plant loss and alien plant invasion in the two plateau lakes.

关键词： Dianchi Lake Erhai Lake Wetland plantcommunity Eutrophication Alien plant

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Effect of Post-Added Water Amount on Pre-Concentrated Bark Foaming Materials by Mechanical Stirring

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Journal of Renewable Materials 2020年第12期8卷 1607-1616页

作者： Jinxing Li Jingjing Liao Jun Zhang Xiaojian Zhou Hisham Essawy Guanben Du Yunnan Provincial Key Laboratory of Wood Adhesives and Glued Products Southwest Forestry UniversityKunming650224China Key Laboratory for Forest Resources Conservation and Utilisation in the southwest Mountains of China(southwest forestry university) Ministry of EducationKunming650224China Department of Polymers and Pigments National Research CentreCairo12622Egypt

In this study,pre-concentrated bark,furfuryl alcohol and other biomass raw materials were used to prepare foaming materials by high-speed mechanical stirring without using a foaming *** investigated the effect of the postadded water amount on the properties of foaming *** particular,we determined basic physical properties of these materials,including the limiting oxygen index(LOI),porosity,thermal conductivity,thermogravimetric analysis,pore size distribution,and *** results of scanning electron microscopy(SEM)indicated that the pore size distribution was uniform and the pore size increased with increasing water *** analysis(TG/DTG)showed that when the temperature reached 410°C,the foam was easily decomposed,the final residual mass was only 2.8%,and water addition had little effect on ***,the amount of post-added water is 5–30 g,the density and compression strength of the foamed materials gradually decreased,while the degree of pulverization *** ranged from 26.1%to 30.79%,and porosity ranged from 81%to 83%.The change in water volume greatly affected the foam’s performance,the performance of foamed material deteriorated as the amount of added water increased,but the effect on thermal conductivity was not very *** highest thermal conductivity was only 0.0179 W/(m·K),still providing excellent thermal insulation.

关键词： Pre-concentrated bark mechanical whipping foamed material performance characterization

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High NO_2/NO_X emissions downstream of the catalytic diesel particulate filter:An influencing factor study

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2015年第9期27卷 55-61页

作者： Chao He Jiaqiang Li Zhilei Ma Jianwei Tan Longqing Zhao School of Mechanical and Traffic Engineering Southwest Forestry University National Lab of Auto Performance and Emission Test Beijing Institute of Technology

Diesel vehicles are responsible for most of the traffic-related nitrogen oxide（NO x） emissions,including nitric oxide（NO） and nitrogen dioxide（NO2）. The use of after-treatment devices increases the risk of high NO2/NO x emissions from diesel engines. In order to investigate the factors influencing NO2/NO x emissions, an emission experiment was carried out on a high pressure common-rail, turbocharged diesel engine with a catalytic diesel particulate filter（CDPF）. NO2 was measured by a non-dispersive ultraviolet analyzer with raw exhaust sampling. The experimental results show that the NO2/NO x ratios downstream of the CDPF range around 20%–83%, which are significantly higher than those upstream of the CDPF. The exhaust temperature is a decisive factor influencing the NO2/NO x emissions. The maximum NO2/NO x emission appears at the exhaust temperature of 350°C. The space velocity,engine-out PM/NO x ratio（mass based） and CO conversion ratio are secondary factors. At a constant exhaust temperature, the NO2/NO x emissions decreased with increasing space velocity and engine-out PM/NO x ratio. When the CO conversion ratios range from 80% to 90%,the NO2/NO x emissions remain at a high level.

关键词： Diesel engine Nitrogen dioxide Diesel particulate filter Exhaust temperature Space velocity

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Theoretical Study on the Gas Phase Reaction of Au^+ with CS_2

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Chinese Journal of Structural Chemistry 2010年第9期29卷 1347-1352页

作者：李涛洪余仕问刘祥义谢小光 Faculty of Chemistry Southwest Forestry College Department of Chemistry Qujing Normal University Department of Chemistry Yunnan University

The reaction of Au＋（1S,3D） with CS2 has been investigated at the B3LYP and CCSD（T） levels of *** identified reaction pathways revealed that the experimentally observed products,AuS＋ and AuCS＋,can be produced by the insertion of Au＋ into C-S *** calculated energetics shows that the reactions on singlet surface lead to excited-state products,AuS＋（1Σ）＋ 1CS and AuCS＋（1Σ）＋ 1S,and have notable energy barriers,whereas the reactions on triplet surface producing the ground state products of AuS＋（3Σ）＋ 1CS and AuCS＋（1Σ）＋ 3S are energetically much more *** result suggests that the minor formations of AuS＋ and AuCS＋ observed in the previous experiment under room-temperature condition should result from the reactions of excited-state Au＋（3D） with ***,the possibility for singlet-triplet surface crossing was also discussed by approximately determining the crossing region.

关键词： gold cation carbon disulfide insertion theoretical study

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Alternaria toxin-induced resistance against rose aphids and olfactory response of aphids to toxin-induced volatiles of rose plants

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Journal of Zhejiang university-Science B(Biomedicine & Biotechnology) 2012年第2期13卷 126-135页

作者： Fa-zhong YANG Li LI Bin YANG Key Laboratory of Forest Disaster Warning and Control in Yunnan Province Southwest Forestry UniversityKunming 650224China

The search for active toxins for managing weeds or plant diseases is believed to be a promising avenue of investigation. However, the effects of Alternaria toxins on insects have just begun to be investigated. Bioactivities of toxins from four strains of Altemaria alternata on Rosa chinensis and rose aphid Macrosiphum rosivorum were tested in the present study. At a concentration of 50.0 pg/ml, the crude extract （toxin） of strain 7484 was found not to be harmful to rose plants with excised leaf-puncture method （P≥0.079）, and rose plants showed enhanced resistance to rose aphids when this Altemaria toxin was sprayed on the plants （P≤0.001）. However, this toxin caused no detrimental effects on aphids in insecticidal bioassay at a concentration of 10.0 to 160.0 μg/ml （P≥0.096）. Therefore, the Alternaria toxin had significantly induced the resistance of rose plants against rose aphids, demonstrating that the resistance mechanism triggered by the Altemaria toxin in the rose plant may also be used by the plant to defend itself against insects. Further bioassays aimed to discover the olfactory responses of aphids to the toxin-induced volatiles of host plants. The aphids were significantly more attracted to both volatiles emitted and collected from control rose plants than to both volatiles emitted and collected from the toxin-treated rose plants （P≤0.014）. This result showed that the toxin-induced resistance related to the volatile changes of host plants.

关键词： Alternaria altemata Macrosiphum rosivorum Rosa chinensis Toxin Plant resistance Olfactory response Volatile Headspace collection

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