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Cognitive function among military veterans with STEM occupations

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Military Medical Research 2024年第2期11卷 308-310页

作者： Justin T.McDaniel Kevin N.Hascup Erin R.Hascup Ugochukwu G.Ezigbo Amanda M.Weidhuner Harvey Henson David L.Albright Dale and Deborah Smith Center for Alzheimer's Research and trEatment(CARE) Southern Illinois University School of MedicineSpringfieldIL 62794USA STEM Education Research Center Southern Illinois UniversityCarbondaleIL 62901USA Department of Political Science The University of AlabamaTuscaloosaAL 35487USA

Dear Editor,There is limited research on the relationship between science,technology,engineering,and mathematics(STEM)occupational history and cognitive function in later life,especially among military veterans,who may be at greater risk for later-life cognitive *** study examines a nationally representative sample of military veterans to address this gap in knowledge.

关键词： Alzheimer's disease Veterans Science technology engineering and mathematics(STEM) Animal fluency test Dementia

Isolated Hyperacute T-Waves in West Nile Encephalitis Indicating Atypical Variant of Stress-Induced Cardiomyopathy

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Journal of Biosciences and Medicines 2024年第2期12卷 303-310页

作者： Soomal Rafique Nadeem Khan Momin Siddique School of Medicine Southern Illinois University Springfield USA

Several cardiac outcomes have been reported with West Nile-encephalitis;however, the underlying pathophysiology remains complex. We present a 42-year-old female, with multiple sclerosis, whose neurological symptoms and respiratory decline were finally explained by the diagnosis of West Nile-encephalitis. During her admission, the isolated peaked T-waves indicated the underlying stress-induced cardiomyopathy. The absence of all other causes of hyperacute T-waves, their subsequent resolution with the resolution of infection and improvement in wall motion abnormalities, further supported the association. This case highlights the importance of considering hyperacute T-waves in an approach towards the diagnosis of WNV-encephalitis related atypical variant of stress-induced cardiomyopathy.

关键词： West Nile Virus encephalitis WNV Hyperacute T-Waves Takotsubo Cardiomyopathy Atypical/Inverted Variant of Stress-Induced Cardiomyopathy CMP

Acute Eosinophilic Pneumonia (AEP) Due to Daptomycin: Is Autoimmunity a Clinico-Pathophysiologic Bridge to AEP?

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International Journal of Clinical Medicine 2024年第8期15卷 365-374页

作者： Shadee Tajik Sami Akram Department of Internal Medicine School of Medicine Southern Illinois University Springfield IL USA Department of Infectious Disease School of Medicine Southern Illinois University Springfield IL USA

Daptomycin induced acute eosinophilic pneumonia is a rare and potentially life threatening condition characterized by rapid respiratory failure, pulmonary infiltrates and eosinophilia. Risk factors for acute eosinophilic pneumonia include smoking, environmental irritants or inhalants and certain medications such as Daptomycin [1]. In this review of literature, we aim to explore the potential triggers for developing acute eosinophilic pneumonia in patients exposed to Daptomycin. The exact immune mechanism for daptomycin induced AEP is unknown, however the current proposed mechanism describes a T helper 2 lymphocyte response to inactivated daptomycin in the pulmonary surfactant, which leads to eosinophilia. Disordered T regulatory cell function is seen in patients with certain cancers, allergies and autoimmune conditions. We propose that patients with these underlying risk factors may be at increased risk of developing AEP after becoming exposed to Daptomycin. Understanding potential risk factors is crucial for health care workers as it allows them to identify susceptible populations, explore preventative measures and treat accordingly.

关键词： Daptomycin Acute Eosinophilic Pneumonitis Daptomycin Induced Acute Eosinophilic Pneumonia Drug Induced Pneumonia Eosinophilic Pneumonia

A Cautionary Note on the Application of GIS in Spatial Optimization Modeling

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Journal of Geographic Information System 2024年第1期16卷 89-113页

作者： Bin Zhou Department of Geography & GIS Southern Illinois University Edwardsville Edwardsville USA

Spatial optimization as part of spatial modeling has been facilitated significantly by integration with GIS techniques. However, for certain research topics, applying standard GIS techniques may create problems which require attention. This paper serves as a cautionary note to demonstrate two problems associated with applying GIS in spatial optimization, using a capacitated p-median facility location optimization problem as an example. The first problem involves errors in interpolating spatial variations of travel costs from using kriging, a common set of techniques for raster files. The second problem is inaccuracy in routing performed on a graph directly created from polyline shapefiles, a common vector file type. While revealing these problems, the paper also suggests remedies. Specifically, interpolation errors can be eliminated by using agent-based spatial modeling while the inaccuracy in routing can be improved through altering the graph topology by splitting the long edges of the shapefile. These issues suggest the need for caution in applying GIS in spatial optimization study.

关键词： Spatial Optimization GIS Agent-Based Model Covariance Function Interpolation

GliomaCNN: An Effective Lightweight CNN Model in Assessment of Classifying Brain Tumor from Magnetic Resonance Images Using Explainable AI

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Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences 2024年第9期140卷 2425-2448页

作者： Md.Atiqur Rahman Mustavi Ibne Masum Khan Md Hasib M.F.Mridha Sultan Alfarhood Mejdl Safran Dunren Che Department of Computer Science and Engineering Ahsanullah University of Science and TechnologyDhaka1208Bangladesh Department of Computer Science and Software Engineering The University of Western AustraliaPerthWA 6009Australia Department of Computer Science American International University-BangladeshDhaka1229Bangladesh Department of Computer Science College of Computer and Information SciencesKing Saud UniversityP.O.Box 51178Riyadh11543Saudi Arabia School of Computing Southern Illinois UniversityCarbondale62901USA

Brain tumors pose a significant threat to human lives and have gained increasing attention as the tenth leading cause of global *** study addresses the pressing issue of brain tumor classification using Magnetic resonance imaging(MRI).It focuses on distinguishing between Low-Grade Gliomas(LGG)and High-Grade Gliomas(HGG).LGGs are benign and typically manageable with surgical resection,while HGGs are malignant and more *** research introduces an innovative custom convolutional neural network(CNN)model,*** stands out as a lightweight CNN model compared to its *** research utilized the BraTS 2020 dataset for its *** with the gradient-boosting algorithm,GliomaCNN has achieved an impressive accuracy of 99.1569%.The model’s interpretability is ensured through SHapley Additive exPlanations(SHAP)and Gradient-weighted Class Activation Mapping(Grad-CAM++).They provide insights into critical decision-making regions for classification *** challenges in identifying tumors in images without visible signs,the model demonstrates remarkable performance in this critical medical application,offering a promising tool for accurate brain tumor diagnosis which paves the way for enhanced early detection and treatment of brain tumors.

关键词： Deep learning magnetic resonance imaging convolutional neural networks explainable AI boosting algorithm ablation

Recent Progress in Reinforcement Learning and Adaptive Dynamic Programming for Advanced Control Applications

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IEEE/CAA Journal of Automatica Sinica 2024年第1期11卷 18-36页

作者： Ding Wang Ning Gao Derong Liu Jinna Li Frank L.Lewis IEEE the Faculty of Information Technology Beijing Key Laboratory of Computational Intelligence and Intelligent SystemBeijing Laboratory of Smart Environmental Protectionand Beijing Institute of Artificial IntelligenceBeijing University of TechnologyBeijing 100124China the School of System Design and Intelligent Manufacturing Southern University of Science and TechnologyShenzhen 518055China the Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Illinois at ChicagoChicago IL 60607 USA the School of Information and Control Engineering Liaoning Petrochemical UniversityFushun 113001China the UTA Research Institute the University of Texas at ArlingtonArlington TX 76118 USA

Reinforcement learning(RL) has roots in dynamic programming and it is called adaptive/approximate dynamic programming(ADP) within the control community. This paper reviews recent developments in ADP along with RL and its applications to various advanced control fields. First, the background of the development of ADP is described, emphasizing the significance of regulation and tracking control problems. Some effective offline and online algorithms for ADP/adaptive critic control are displayed, where the main results towards discrete-time systems and continuous-time systems are surveyed, ***, the research progress on adaptive critic control based on the event-triggered framework and under uncertain environment is discussed, respectively, where event-based design, robust stabilization, and game design are reviewed. Moreover, the extensions of ADP for addressing control problems under complex environment attract enormous attention. The ADP architecture is revisited under the perspective of data-driven and RL frameworks,showing how they promote ADP formulation ***, several typical control applications with respect to RL and ADP are summarized, particularly in the fields of wastewater treatment processes and power systems, followed by some general prospects for future research. Overall, the comprehensive survey on ADP and RL for advanced control applications has d emonstrated its remarkable potential within the artificial intelligence era. In addition, it also plays a vital role in promoting environmental protection and industrial intelligence.

关键词： Adaptive dynamic programming(ADP) advanced control complex environment data-driven control event-triggered design intelligent control neural networks nonlinear systems optimal control reinforcement learning(RL)

Comprehensive overview of genotype distribution and prevalence of human papillomavirus in cervical lesions

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Gynecology and Obstetrics Clinical Medicine 2024年第1期4卷 37-47页

作者： Yuhong Ye Terrel Jones Tiannan Wang Xianxu Zeng Yang Liu Chengquan Zhao Department of Pathology the First Affiliated HospitalFujian Medical UniversityFuzhouFujianChina Department of Pathology Magee-Womens HospitalUniversity of Pittsburgh Medical CenterPittsburghPennsylvaniaUSA Department of Pathology University of Southern CaliforniaLos AngelesCaliforniaUSA Department of Pathology The Third Affliated Hospital of Zhengzhou UniversityZhengzhouHenanChina Departments of Medicine and Bioengineering University of PittsburghPittsburghPennsylvaniaUSA Department of Bioengineering University of Illinois Urbana-ChampaignUrbanaIllinoisUSA

Acrosscervical squamousandgl and ular lesions,a spectrum of human papillomavirus(HPV)genotypes has been *** review aims to provide a comprehensive summary detailing the distribution and profile of HPV genotypes detected in cervical lesions,leveraging insights from histological and cytological ***-risk HPV(HR-HPV)genotypes exhibit varying degrees of oncogenic potential,with HPV16 and HPV18 identified as the most prevalent and oncogenic *** of HR-HPVgenotypes varies among different degrees of the cervical lesions and varies between squamous andglandular ***16 is predominantly associated with severe lesions(precancers and carcinomas),while HPV18 demonstrates a significantly higher prevalence in endocervical as compared with squamous *** distribution of HR-HPV in severe squamous lesions is complex,involving many HR-HPV genotypes in addition to HPV16,while the distribution of HR-HPV genotypes in endocervical glandular lesions is mainly limited in HPV18 and *** datasets from China have identified the three mostcommon HR-HPVgenotypes in this population as stratified by diagnostic category:HPV52,HPV16,HPV58 in histologically negative cases and cervical intraepithelial neoplasia 1(CIN1);HPV16,HPV52,HPV58 in CIN2/3;HPV16,HPV58,HPV52 or HPV18 in squamous cell carcinoma(SCC);HPV16,HPV18 and HPV52 in endocervical adenocarcinoma in situ(AIS),invasiveadenocarcinoma,as well asmixedsquamous and glandular ***33 is the fourth most common HPVtype in CIN2/3and SCC,whileHPV45occursmore commonly in AIS and adenocarcinoma,compared with squamous *** prevalence and distribution of multiple HR-HPV coinfections vary across different cervical *** clinical significance and pathogenesis of these multiple HR-HPV infections remain uncertain,although recent two large studies demonstrate that multiple HR-HPV infections are not associated with cumulatively higher risk of high-grade cervical squamous lesiondeve

关键词： cervical lesions prevalence

Partial Protection by Lipoic Acid Against Carboplantin-induced Ototoxicity in Rats

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Biomedical and Environmental Sciences 2005年第3期18卷 198-206页

作者： KAZIM HUSAIN CRAIG WHITWORTH SATU M. SOMANI LEONARD P. RYBAK Departments of Surgery Southern Illinois University School of Medicine Springfield IL 62794 USADepartments of Surgery Southern Illinois University School of Medicine Springfield IL 62794 USADepartments of Pharmacology Southern Illinois University School of Medicine Springfield IL 62794 USADepartments of Surgery Southern Illinois University School of Medicine Springfield IL 62794 USA

Objective To investigate the alterations in auditory brainstem evoked responses (ABRs) and the changes of carboplatin-induced ototoxicity in the cochlear oxidant/antioxidant systems and otoprotection by an antioxidant lipoate. Methods Male wistar rats were divided into four groups and treated as follows: 1) vehicle (saline) control, 2) carboplatin (256 mg/kg, i.p.), 3) lipoate (100 mg/kg, i.p.), 4) lipoate + carboplatin. Post-treatment ABRs were performed after four days and rats were sacrificed with their cochleae harvested and analyzed. Results Carboplatin significantly elevated ABR threshold above the pretreatment thresholds. Lipoate+carboplatin treated rats showed decreased elevation of hearing threshold. Carboplatin significantly depleted cochlear reduced to oxizized glutathione (GSH/GSSG) ratio, whereas lipoate+carboplatin treatment increased GSH/GSSG ratio. Carboplatin significantly decreased cochlear copper zinc-superoxide dismutase (CuZn-SOD), catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px), glutathione reductase (GR) and glutathione-S-transferase (GST) activities and enzyme protein expressions and a significant increase in Mn-SOD activity, protein expression and malondialdehyde (MDA) level. Cochlear antioxidant enzyme activities, enzyme protein expressions and MDA level were partially restored in lipoate+carboplatin treated rats, compared to carboplatin alone. Conclusion Carboplatin-induced ototoxicity is related to impairment of cochlear antioxidant system and otoprotection conferred by lipoate is associated with partial sparing of the cochlear antioxidant defense system.

关键词： Carboplatin Alpha-lipoic acid Ototoxicity Antioxidants Rats

Carbon Nanotube-Textured Sand for Controlling Bioavailability of Contaminated Sediments

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Nano Research 2010年第6期3卷 412-422页

作者： Xingmao Ma Deepti Anand Xianfeng Zhang Mesfin Tsige Saikat Talapatra Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering Southern Illinois University CarbondaleIL 62901USA Department of Physics Southern Illinois University CarbondaleIL 62901USA

Sand particles textured with multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) can efficiently control the mobility and bioavailability of contaminants found in aquatic sediments. Adsorption measurements for a wide variety of aquatic contaminants (chlorinated hydrocarbons) on MWCNT-textured sand showed orders of magnitude increase in their sorption coefficients compared to traditional materials (sand) when used for physically separating contaminated sediments from overlying water. Molecular dynamics simulations performed on model experimental systems emphasize that the hydrophobic interactions of the MWCNT surfaces play a crucial role in driving the water molecules away, promoting such enhanced contaminant uptake. The MWCNT-textured sand significantly reduced the migration of contaminants from sediments to overlying water and possesses suitable parameters needed for contaminant sequestration and sediment remediation technologies. The single step and scalable procedure described here for synthesizing robust MWCNT-textured sand surfaces will provide important improvements in the field of remediation/aquatic environment restoration technologies.

关键词： Multi-walled carbon nanotube(MWCNT)-textured sand in situ capping capping amendments chlorinated compounds