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Electrochemical conversion of methane to bridge the gap in the artificial carbon cycle

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2025年第1期100卷 286-308页

作者： Yuhao Peng Yuefeng Song Ihar Razanau Juanxiu Xiao Wei Xiao Di Hu Guoxiong Wang College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences Hubei Key Laboratory of Electrochemical Power Sources Wuhan University State Key Laboratory of Catalysis Dalian National Laboratory for Clean Energy iChEM (Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials) Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences Laboratory of Physical-Chemical Technologies SSPA Scientific and Practical Materials Research Centre of NAS of Belarus State Key Laboratory of Marine Resources Utilization in south China sea Collaborative Innovation Center of Marine Science and Technology School of Marine Science and Engineering Hainan University Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering University of Nottingham Ningbo China

Methane, an abundant one-carbon（C1） resource, is extensively used in the industrial production of vital fuels and value-added chemicals. However, current industrial methane conversion technologies are energy-and carbon-intensive, mainly due to the high activation energy required to break the inert C–H bond, low selectivity, and problematic side reactions, including CO2emissions and coke deposition. Electrochemical conversion of methane（ECM） using intermittent renewable energy offers an attractive solution, due to its modular reactor design and operational flexibility across a broad spectrum of temperatures and pressures. This review emphasizes conversion pathways of methane in various reaction systems, highlighting the significance and advantages of ECM in facilitating a sustainable artificial carbon cycle. This work provides a comprehensive overview of conventional methane activation mechanisms and delineates the complete pathways of methane conversion in electrolysis contexts. Based on surface/interface chemistry, this work systematically analyzes proposed reaction pathways and corresponding strategies to enhance ECM efficiency towards various target products, including syngas, hydrocarbons, oxygenates, and advanced carbon materials. The discussion also encompasses opportunities and challenges for the ECM process, including insights into ECM pathways, rational electrocatalyst design, establishment of benchmarking protocols, electrolyte engineering, enhancement of CH4conversion rates, and minimization of CO2emission.

关键词： Methane Electrochemical conversion Reaction mechanism Catalyst design Electrode Electrocatalysis

A Model for Nonlinear Irregular Waves in Coastal Area

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China Ocean Engineering 1999年第4期14卷 375-390页

作者：朱良生张经汉李少英 south China sea institute of Oceanology the Chinese Academy of Sciences south China sea institute of Oceanology the Chinese Academy of Science Senior Engineer South China Sea Institute of Oceanology the Chinese Academy of Sciences

Based on the refraction-diffraction theory of irregular waves in the waters of slowly-varying currents and depths, and the generation dissipation theory of wind wave, a model for nonlinear irregular waves in coastal area is developed. In light of the specific conditions of coastal wave character and engineering application, a practical mathematical model for the nonlinear irregular waves is presented, with directional spectrum in coastal area. Coast effect, refraction, whitecapping, bottom friction, current, wind and nonlinear action are considered in this model. The numerical methods and schemes for wave refraction ray, energy conservation of propagation, energy balance of the generation and dissipation of wind waves have been studied. Finally, the model is used for the directional wave spectrum computation in the Daya Bay. Compared with the measured data with 956 wave bouys in the Daya Bay, the model results are in good agreement with the measured results.

关键词： irregular waves generation and dissipation nonlinear action coastal area mathematical model

Interfacial Zn2+-solvation regulator towards reversible and stable Zn anode

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2025年第1期100卷 684-692页

作者： Miao Zhou Xiongbin Luo Hang Li Shan Guo Zhuang Tong Xiaotao Zhou Xu Li Zhaohui Hou Shuquan Liang Guozhao Fang College of Mechanical Engineering Key Laboratory of Hunan Province for Advanced Carbon-based Functional Materials Hunan Institute of Science and Technology School of Materials Science and Engineering Key Laboratory of Electronic Packaging and Advanced Functional Materials of Hunan Province Central South University College of Materials and Metallurgy Guizhou University National Energy Metal Resources and New Materials Key Laboratory Central South University

Aqueous zinc-ion batteries （AZIBs） are fundamentally challenged by the instability of the electrode/electrolyte interface,predominantly due to irreversible zinc （Zn） deposition and hydrogen ***,the intricate mechanisms behind the electrochemical discrepancies induced by interfacial Zn2+-solvation and deposition behavior demand comprehensive *** molecules endowed with special functional groups （such as hydroxyl,carboxyl,etc.） have the potential to significantly optimize the solvation structure of Zn2+and regulate the interfacial electric double layer （EDL）.By increasing nucleation overpotential and decreasing interfacial free energy,these functional groups facilitate a lower critical nucleation radius,thereby forming an asymptotic nucleation model to promote uniform Zn ***,this study presents a pioneering approach by introducing trace amounts of n-butanol as solvation regulators to engineer the homogenized Zn （H-Zn） anode with a uniform and dense *** interfacial reaction and structure evolution are explored by in/ex-situ experimental techniques,indicating that the H-Zn anode exhibits dendrite-free growth,no by-products,and weak hydrogen evolution,in sharp contrast to the bare ***,the H-Zn anode achieves a remarkable Zn utilization rate of approximately 20% and simultaneously sustains a prolonged cycle life exceeding 500 ***,the H-Zn//NH4V4O10（NVO） full battery showcases exceptional cycle stability,retaining 95.04%capacity retention after 400 cycles at a large current density of 5 A *** study enlightens solvation-regulated additives to develop Zn anode with superior utilization efficiency and extended operational lifespan.

关键词： Aqueous zinc-ion batteries Interfacial reaction Asymptotic nucleation model Reversible and stable Zn anode

Cold tolerance of subtropical Porites lutea from the northern south China sea

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Acta Oceanologica Sinica 2016年第12期35卷 58-64页

作者： CHEN Tianran LI Shu SHI Qi CHEN Tegu Key Laboratory of Marginal sea Geology South China Sea Institute of OceanologyChinese Academy of Sciences

Marginal scleractinian corals growing at their latitudinal limits should be quite sensitive to variations in winter sea surface temperatures(SSTs). An extreme cold event occurring in early 2008 offered a unique opportunity to examine the effect of cold-water anomalies on Porites lutea corals and their physiological tolerance and acclimation in the subtropical northern south China sea(NSCS). Besides in-situ observation, a subsequent aquarium-based experiment was designed for reproducing the chilling process and a 50-year-long Sr/Ca ratio profile from two P. lutea skeletal slabs was analyzed for reconstructed the historical annual minimum SSTs which ceased Porites calcification. The 2008 low-temperature anomaly caused the minimum daily mean SSTs dropped below 13°C in the Daya Bay. The stress symptoms displayed by local P. lutea colonies included polyp retraction, reduced coloration and pale, but none showed tissue sloughing. The ability of P. lutea to survive implied its tolerance of extreme low temperatures. Here we suggest a model on the tolerance of high-latitude Porites under low-temperature stresses, which is when SSTs drop below 18°C, Porites corals contract their tentacles(losing heterotrophic capability), then cease calcification(reducing energy consumption), and meanwhile maintain relatively high levels of zooxanthellae density(sustaining host’s life via photosynthetic capacity of symbiotic zooxanthellae). This study revealed remarkable acclimatization of P. lutea corals to low temperature extremes. This acclimatization is beneficial for Porites corals in the NSCS to expand their living ranges towards the higher-latitude areas and have the potential to be the incipient reef former.

关键词： low-temperature stress cold tolerance subtropical coral Porites lutea northern south China sea

The calculation of the circulation in south China sea by a diagnostic model

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Acta Oceanologica Sinica 2008年第Z1期27卷 31-45页

作者： ZHOU Weidong YANG Yang DONG Danpeng south China sea institute of Oceanology Chinese Academy of Science Guangzhou 510301 China South China Sea Institute of Oceanology Chinese Academy of Science Guangzhou 510301 China South China Sea Institute of Oceanology Chinese Academy of Science Guangzhou 510301 China

A high resolved two-dimensional linear global diagnostic model combining with the dynamical calculation is used to calculate velocity field in the south China sea(SCS). The study of model results shows that eddy diffusion does not change basic structure of circulation in the SCS and does not change the direction of invasive water, but changes the value of transport considerably especially in straits. The velocity field is not changed whether the wind stress is considered or not. This result shows the circulation is largely determined by a density field which well records most of the important contribution of the wind stress effect. Potential vorticity is calculated to testify the dynamics of the model results. The result shows that a good conservation of the nonlinear PV. This indicates most effects of the important nonlinear processes are well recorded in density and the nonlinear term is negligible so that the simplified model is reliable. The model results show the water exchanges between the SCS and open ocean or surrounding seas. Cold deep water invades through Luzon Strait and Warm shallow water is pushed out mainly through Karimata Straits. The model results also reveal the structure of the circulation in the SCS basin. In two circulations of upper and middle layers, a cyclonic one in the north and an anti-cyclonic one in the south, reflect the climatologic average of the circulation driven by monsoon. In the deep or bottom layer, these two circulations reflect the topography of the basin. Above the middle layer, invasive water enters westward in the north but the way of invasion of Kuroshio is not clear. Below the deep layer, a current goes down south near the east basin ,and invasive water enters in the basin from the west Pacific.

关键词： diagnostic model south China sea potential vorticity circulation

Clay mineral distribution in surface sediments of the south China sea and its significance for in sediment sources and transport

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Chinese Journal of Oceanology and Limnology 2010年第2期28卷 407-415页

作者：刘建国陈木宏陈忠颜文 Key Laboratory of Marginal sea Geology South China Sea Institute of Oceanology Chinese Academy of Sciences

Clay minerals of surface sediments in the south China sea （SCS） are analyzed with X-ray diffraction, and their transport is explored with a grain size trend analysis （GSTA） model. Results show that clay mineral types in various sedimentary environments have different sediment sources and transport routes. Sediments in the northern SCS （north of 20°N） between the southwest of Taiwan Island and the outer mouth of the Pearl River have high contents of illite and chlorite, which are derived mainly from sediments on Taiwan Island and/or the Yangtze River. Sediments from the Pearl River are characterized by high kaolinite and low smectite content, and most are distributed in the area between the mouth of the Pearl River and northeast of Hainan Island and transported vertically from the continental shelf to the slope. Characterized by high illite content, sediments from Kalimantan Island are transported toward the Nansha Trough. Sediments from Luzon Island are related with volcanic materials, and are transported westwards according to smectite distribution. On the Sunda Shelf, sediments from the Mekong River are transported southeast in the north while sediments from the Indonesian islands are transported northward in the south. Ascertaining surface sediment sources and their transport routes will not only improve understanding of modem transportation and depositional processes, but also aid paleoenvironmental and paleoclimatic analysis of the SCS.

关键词： clay minerals surface sediments sediment sources south China sea sediment transport

Anomalous Ba/Ca signals associated with low temperature stresses in Porites corals from Daya Bay,northern south China sea

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2011年第9期23卷 1452-1459页

作者： Tianran Chen Kefu Yu Shu Li Tegu Chen Qi Shi Key Laboratory of Marginal sea Geology South China Sea Institute of Oceanology Chinese Academy of Sciences Guangzhou 510301 China

Barium to calcium （Ba/Ca） ratio in corals has been considered as a useful geochemical proxy for upwelling,river flood and other oceanic ***,recent studies indicated that additional environmental or biological factors can influence the incorporation of Ba into coral *** this study,Ba/Ca ratios of two Porites corals collected from Daya Bay,northern south China sea were ***/Ca signals in the two corals were ‘anomalous’ in comparison with Ba behaviors seen in other near-shore corals influenced by upwelling or riverine *** Ba/Ca profiles displayed similar and remarkable patterns characterized by low and randomly fluctuating background signals periodically interrupted by sharp and large synchronous peaks,clearly indicating an environmental *** analysis indicated that the Ba/Ca profiles were not correlated with previously claimed environmental factors such as precipitation,coastal upwelling,anthropogenic activities or phytoplankton blooms in other *** maxima of Ba/Ca appeared to occur in the period of Sr/Ca maxima,coinciding with the winter minimum temperatures,which suggests that the anomalous high Ba/Ca signals were related to winter-time low sea surface *** speculated that the Ba/Ca peaks in corals of the Daya Bay were most likely the results of enrichment of Ba-rich particles in their skeletons when coral polyps retracted under the stresses of anomalous winter low *** this case,Ba/Ca ratio in relatively high-latitude corals can be a potential proxy for tracing the low temperature stress.

关键词： Ba/Ca barium Porites coral cold water stress northern south China sea

Middle and Late Devonian microbial carbonates, reefs and mounds in Guilin, south China and their sequence stratigraphic, paleoenvironmental and paleoclimatic significance

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Science China Earth Sciences 2005年第11期48卷 1900-1912页

作者： Pedoja Kevin south China sea institute of Oceanology Chinese Academy of Sciences Guangzhou 510301 China Key Laboratory of Marginal sea Geology south China sea institute of Oceanology and Guangzhou institute of Geochemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences Guangzhou 510301 China

Microbial precipitation of calcium carbonate has played a major role in formation of carbonate platforms since the Archean. Also, microbial carbonates and biologically induced ce-ment are important contributors to reef framework volume and rigidity in carbonate platform systems during times of significant environmental change including transgressive events in plat-form environments and the recovery interval following the major biotic crisis. The stratigraphic distribution of different types of microbial carbonates appears to vary within the sequence strati-graphic framework. Reefs and mounds within the Late Devonian carbonate platforms in Guilin, south China are formed primarily by calcimicrobes and biologically induced cement, representing the microbe-dominated and characteristic carbonate buildups within a reefal ecosystem that nearly all reef-building metazoans were absent after the Frasnian/Famennian biotic crisis. Mi-crobial community and microbialite seem to be linked with specific palaeoenvironment and pa-laeoclimate, suggesting that they could be used as indicators of environmental change and biotic events.

关键词： microbial carbonates reefs and mounds palaeoenvironment palaeoclimate Late Devonian Guilin.

Evolution and propagation of a mesoscale eddy in the northern south China sea during winter

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Acta Oceanologica Sinica 2013年第7期32卷 1-7页

作者： LIU Changjian DU Yan ZHUANG Wei XIA Huayong XIE Qiang State Key Laboratory of Tropical Oceanography South China Sea Institute of OceanologyChinese Academy of Sciences south China sea Marine Engineering Surveying Center South China Sea BranchState Oceanic Administration

In situ observations, satellite data, and the output from an eddy-resolving ocean circulation model were used to study the generations and propagations of an anticyclonic eddy in the northern south China sea （NSCS） during the winter of 2009-2010. In the NSCS, the anticyclonic eddy firstly appeared to the west of the Luzon Strait, migrated generally along the continental slope and dissipated around the Xisha Archipela- go. The evolution of the warm eddy contains three phases： development, maturation, and decay. The eddy mainly stayed near 119.7°E in December and then gradually moved to 118.7°E until January 15, when its intensity, as indicated by the thermocline temperature and salinity anomalies, increased significantly, re- flecting the growth of the eddy. The eddy reached its peak on January 15 and persisted until February 23. During this period, the eddy propagated westward to 116.4°E. After, the warm eddy weakened significantly and dissipated finally near the Xisha Archipelago.

关键词： northern south China sea anticyclonic eddy propagation