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Ovule number as a rising star for regulating seed yield: Hope or hype

Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2024年第11期23卷 3623-3640页

作者： Shahid Ullah Khan Ahmad Ali Sumbul Saeed Yonghai Fan Ali Shehazd Hameed Gul Shah Fahad Kun Lu Integrative Science center of Germplasm Creation in Western china (Chongqing) Science City and southwest University College of Agronomy and BiotechnologySouthwest University Engineering research center of south Upland Agriculture Ministry of Education Women Medical and Dental College Khyber Medical University National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement Huazhong Agricultural University school of Environment and Science Griffith University College of Agronomy and Biotechnology Southwest University Department of Agronomy Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan Department of Natural sciences Lebanese American University

Rapeseed(Brassica napus L.) is the second most widely grown premium oilseed crop globally, mainly for its vegetable oil and protein meal. One of the main goals of breeders is producing high-yield rapeseed cultivars with sustainable production to meet the requirements of the fast-growing population. Besides the pod number, seeds per silique(SS), and thousand-seed weight(TSW), the ovule number(ON) is a decisive yield determining factor of individual plants and the final seed yield. In recent years, tremendous efforts have been made to dissect the genetic and molecular basis of these complex traits, but relatively few genes or loci controlling these traits have been reported thus far. This review highlights the updated information on the hormonal and molecular basis of ON and development in model plants(Arabidopsis thaliana). It also presents what is known about the hormonal, molecular, and genetic mechanism of ovule development and number, and bridges our understanding between the model plant species(A. thaliana) and cultivated species(B. napus). This report will open new pathways for primary and applied research in plant biology and benefit rapeseed breeding programs. This synopsis will stimulate research interest to further understand ovule number determination, its role in yield improvement, and its possible utilization in breeding programs.

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A Discontinuous Galerkin Method with Penalty for One-Dimensional Nonlocal Diffusion Problems

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Communications on applied mathematics and Computation 2020年第1期2卷 31-55页

作者： Qiang Du Lili Ju Jianfang Lu Xiaochuan Tian Department of applied Physics and applied mathematics Columbia UniversityNew YorkNY 10027USA Department of mathematics University of South CarolinaColumbiaSC 29208USA south china research center for applied mathematics and interdisciplinary studies South China Normal UniversityGuangzhou 510631China Department of mathematics University of Texas at AustinAustinTX 78712USA

There have been many theoretical studies and numerical investigations of nonlocal diffusion(ND)problems in recent *** this paper,we propose and analyze a new discontinuous Galerkin method for solving one-dimensional steady-state and time-dependent ND problems,based on a formulation that directly penalizes the jumps across the element interfaces in the nonlocal *** show that the proposed discontinuous Galerkin scheme is stable and ***,the local limit of such DG scheme recovers classical DG scheme for the corresponding local diff usion problem,which is a distinct feature of the new formulation and assures the asymptotic compatibility of the *** tests are also presented to demonstrate the eff ectiveness and the robustness of the proposed method.

关键词： Nonlocal diff usion Discontinuous Galerkin method Interior penalty Asymptotic compatibility Strong stability preserving

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Decoding molecular mechanisms:brain aging and Alzheimer's disease

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Neural Regeneration research 2025年第8期20卷 2279-2299页

作者： Mahnoor Hayat Rafay Ali Syed Hammad Qaiser Mohammad Uzair Khalid Al-Regaiey Roaa Khallaf Lubna Abdullah Mohammed Albassam Imdad Kaleem Xueyi Wang Ran Wang Mehwish SBhatti Shahid Bashir Atta-ur-Rahman school of applied Biosciences(ASAB) National University of Sciences and Technology(NUST)IslamabadPakistan Department of Biotechnology Quaid-i-Azam UniversityIslamabadPakistan Department of Biological sciences Faculty of Basic&Applied SciencesInternational Islamic University Islamabad(IIUI)IslamabadPakistan Department of Bioengineering King Fahd University of Petroleum and MineralsDhahranSaudi Arabia Department of Physiology College of MedicineKing Saud UniversityRiyadhSaudi Arabia Department of Neurology Neuroscience CenterKing Fahad Specialist HospitalDammamSaudi Arabia Department of Mental Health Neuroscience CenterKing Fahad Specialist HospitalDammamSaudi Arabia Department of Biosciences Commission on Science and Technology for Sustainable Development in the South(COMSATS University)IslamabadPakistan Department of Psychiatry The First Hospital of Hebei Medical UniversityShijiazhuangHebei ProvinceChina Mental Health Institute of Hebei Medical University ShijiazhuangHebei ProvinceChina Department of Neurobiology and Behavior University of CaliforniaIrvineCAUSA Neuroscience center King Fahad Specialist Hospital DammamDammamSaudi Arabia

The complex morphological,anatomical,physiological,and chemical mechanisms within the aging brain have been the hot topic of research for *** aging process alters the brain structure that affects functions and cognitions,but the worsening of such processes contributes to the pathogenesis of neurodegenerative disorders,such as Alzheimer's *** these observable,mild morphological shifts,significant functional modifications in neurotransmission and neuronal activity critically influence the aging *** these changes is important for maintaining cognitive health,especially given the increasing prevalence of age-related conditions that affect *** review aims to explore the age-induced changes in brain plasticity and molecular processes,differentiating normal aging from the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease,thereby providing insights into predicting the risk of dementia,particularly Alzheimer's disease.

关键词： Alzheimer’s disease brain aging cognitive health dementia molecular mechanisms neuronal activity neuroplasticity neurotransmission

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A TWO-GRID FINITE ELEMENT APPROXIMATION FOR NONLINEAR TIME FRACTIONAL TWO-TERM MIXED SUB-DIFFUSION AND DIFFUSION WAVE EQUATIONS

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Journal of Computational mathematics 2022年第6期40卷 936-954页

作者： Yanping Chen Qiling Gu Qingfeng Li Yunqing Huang school of mathematical sciences South China Normal UniversityGuangzhou 510631China school of mathematics and Computational Science Xiangtan UniversityXiangtan 411199China

In this paper,we develop a two-grid method(TGM)based on the FEM for 2D nonlinear time fractional two-term mixed sub-diffusion and diffusion wave equations.A two-grid algorithm is proposed for solving the nonlinear system,which consists of two steps:a nonlinear FE system is solved on a coarse grid,then the linearized FE system is solved on the fine grid by Newton iteration based on the coarse *** fully discrete numerical approximation is analyzed,where the Galerkin finite element method for the space derivatives and the finite difference scheme for the time Caputo derivative with orderα∈(1,2)andα1∈(0,1).Numerical stability and optimal error estimate O(h^(r+1)+H^(2r+2)+τ^(min{3−α,2−α1}))in L^(2)-norm are presented for two-grid scheme,where t,H and h are the time step size,coarse grid mesh size and fine grid mesh size,***,numerical experiments are provided to confirm our theoretical results and effectiveness of the proposed algorithm.

关键词： Two-grid method Finite element method Nonlinear time fractional mixed sub-diffusion and diffusion-wave equations L1-CN scheme Stability and convergence

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Review of artificial intelligence applications in astronomical data processing

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Astronomical Techniques and Instruments 2024年第1期1卷 1-15页

作者： Hailong Zhang Jie Wang Yazhou Zhang Xu Du Han Wu Ting Zhang Xinjiang Astronomical Observatory Chinese Academy of SciencesUrumqi 830011China University of Chinese Academy of sciences Beijing 100049China Key Laboratory of Radio Astronomy Chinese Academy of SciencesNanjing 210008China National Astronomical Data center Beijing 100101China

Artificial Intelligence(AI)is an interdisciplinary research field with widespread *** aims at developing theoretical,methodological,technological,and applied systems that simulate,enhance,and assist human ***,notable accomplishments of artificial intelligence technology have been achieved in astronomical data processing,establishing this technology as central to numerous astronomical research areas such as radio astronomy,stellar and galactic(Milky Way)studies,exoplanets surveys,cosmology,and solar *** article systematically reviews representative applications of artificial intelligence technology to astronomical data processing,with comprehensive description of specific cases:pulsar candidate identification,fast radio burst detection,gravitational wave detection,spectral classification,and radio frequency interference ***,it discusses possible future applications to provide perspectives for astronomical research in the artificial intelligence era.

关键词： Astronomical techniques Astronomical methods Astroinformatics

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Estimation of Treatment Effects in Nonlinear Models with Unobserved Confounding

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Acta Mathematicae Applicatae Sinica 2023年第2期39卷 320-336页

作者： Yu-ling LI Jun WANG research center for applied mathematics and interdisciplinary sciences Beijing Normal UniversityZhuhai 519087China Yunnan Key Laboratory of Statistical Modeling and Data Analysis Yunnan UniversityKunming 650091China

Estimation of treatment effects is one of the crucial mainstays in economics and sociology *** problem will become more serious and complicated if the treatment variable is endogenous for the presence of unobserved *** estimation and conclusion are likely to be biased and misleading if the endogeny of treatment variable is *** this article,we propose the pseudo maximum likelihood method to estimate treatment effects in nonlinear *** proposed method allows the unobserved confounding and random error terms to exist in an arbitrary relationship(such as,add or multiply),and the unobserved confounding have different influence directions on treatment variables and outcome *** proposed estimator is consistent and asymptotically normally *** studies show that the proposed estimator performs better than the special regression estimator,and the proposed method is stable for various distribution of error ***,the proposed method is applied to the real data that studies the influence of individuals have health insurance on an individual’s decision to visit a doctor.

关键词： nonlinear models quasi likelihood estimator stable treatment effects unobserved confounding

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Epidemiology of liver diseases:global disease burden and forecasted research trends

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Science china Life sciences 2024年

作者： Jia Xiao Fei Wang Yuan Yuan Jinhang Gao Lu Xiao Chao Yan Feifei Guo Jiajun Zhong Zhaodi Che Wei Li Tian Lan Frank Tacke Vijay H.Shah Cui Li Hua Wang Erdan Dong Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Mayo Clinic Department of Health sciences National Natural Science Foundation of China Department of Oncology The First Affiliated Hospital Institute for Liver Diseases of Anhui Medical University Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province Anhui Medical University research center for Cardiopulmonary Rehabilitation University of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences Qingdao Hospital(Qingdao Municipal Hospital) School of Health and Life Sciences University of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences Department of Cardiology and Institute of Vascular Medicine Peking University Third Hospital State Key Laboratory of Vascular Homeostasis and Remodeling Peking University Department of Gastroenterology Qingdao Central Hospital University of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tumor Interventional Diagnosis and Treatment Zhuhai Hospital Affiliated with Jinan University Division of Gastroenterology Seventh Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University school of Biological sciences Jinan University Aier Institute of Ophthalmology Central South University Lab of Gastroenterology and Hepatology West China Hospital Sichuan University Clinical Medicine research Institute and Department of Metabolic and Bariatric Surgery the First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University Faculty of Pharmaceutical sciences Toho University Department of Hepatology and Gastroenterology Charité-Universit?tsmedizin Berlin Campus Virchow-Klinikum and Campus Charité Mitte

We assessed the global incidence, mortality, and disability-adjusted life years(DALYs) associated with various liver diseases, including alcohol-related liver disease(ALD), hepatitis B/C virus infections(HBV or HCV), liver cancer, metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease(MASLD), and other chronic liver diseases, from the 2019 Global Burden of Disease study. Additionally, we analyzed the global trends in hepatology research and drug development. From 2000 to 2019, prevalence rates increased for ALD, MASLD and other liver diseases, while they decreased for HBV, HCV, and liver cancer. Countries with a high socio-demographic index(SDI) exhibited the lowest mortality rates and DALYs. The burden of liver diseases varied due to factors like sex and region. In nine representative countries, MASLD,along with hepatobiliary cancer, showed highest increase in funding in hepatology research. Globally, the major research categories in hepatology papers from 2000 to 2019 were cancer, pathobiology, and MASLD. The United States(U.S.) was at the forefront of hepatology research, with china gradually increasing its influence over time. Hepatologists worldwide are increasingly focusing on studying the communication between the liver and other organs, while underestimating the research on ALD. Cancer, HCV, and MASLD were the primary diseases targeted for therapeutic development in clinical trials. However, the proportion of new drugs approved for the treatment of liver diseases was relatively low among all newly approved drugs in the U.S., china, Japan, and the European Union. Notably, there were no approved drug for the treatment of ALD in the world.

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World Expo 2010 Pavilions Clustering Analysis Based on Self-Organizing Map

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Journal of Systems Science & Complexity 2016年第4期29卷 1089-1099页

作者： LI Qianqian GU Jifa Institute of Policy and Management Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China center for interdisciplinary studies of Natural and Social sciences Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China Academy of mathematics and Systems Science Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China

This paper reports the classification of 90 sample pavilions in Shanghai World Expo. An artificial intelligence based nonlinear clustering method known as Self-Organizing Map(SOM) has been used to classify expo pavilions. SOM is an efficient tool for visualization of multidimensional data. To conduct the classification, four characteristics namely Hurst exponent for queue length, Hurst exponent for waiting time, mean queue length and mean waiting time have been applied. The classification results show that Shanghai World Expo pavilions can be optimally classified into four classes. This result will shed light on further studies that how to manage the queue of World Expo pavilions in the future.

关键词： Pavilions clustering self-organizing map World Expo.

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A posteriori error estimator for eigenvalue problems by mixed finite element method

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Science china mathematics 2013年第5期56卷 887-900页

作者： JIA ShangHui CHEN HongTao XIE HeHu school of applied mathematics Central University of Finance and Economics school of mathematical sciences Xiamen University LSEC NCMISInstitute of Computational MathematicsAcademy of Mathematics and Systems ScienceChinese Academy of Sciences

In this paper,a residual type of a posteriori error estimator for the general second order elliptic eigenpair approximation by the mixed finite element method is derived and analyzed,based on a type of superconvergence result of the eigenfunction *** efficiency and reliability are proved by both theoretical analysis and numerical experiments.

关键词： second order elliptic eigenvalue problem mixed finite element method Raviart-Thomas a pos- teriori error estimate adaptive

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Antisense oligonucleotide technology can be used to investigate a circular but not linear RNA-mediated function for its encoded gene locus

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Science china(Life sciences) 2021年第5期64卷 784-794页

作者： Zhenxing Song Ruirui Jia Mingfeng Tang Fei Xia Haiyang Xu Zhengguo Li Chuan Huang school of Life sciences Chongqing UniversityChongqing 400044China center of Plant Functional Genomics Institute of Advanced Interdisciplinary StudiesChongqing UniversityChongqing 400044China

As a class of powerful molecular tool,antisense oligonucleotides(ASOs)are not only broadly used in protein and RNA biology,but also a highly selective therapeutic strategy for many *** the concept that ASO reagents only reduce expression of the targeted gene in a post-transcriptional manner has long been established,the effect and mechanism of ASO reagents on RNA polymerase II(Pol II)transcription are largely *** raised question is particularly important for the appropriate use of ASOs and the valid interpretation of ASO-mediated *** this study,our results show that linear RNA ASO attenuates transcription of nascent transcripts by inducing premature transcription termination which is combinatorially controlled by Integrator,exosome,and Rat1 in ***,circular RNA(circRNA)ASO transfection does not affect transcription activity of the encoded *** data suggest that the ASO technique can be applied to study a circRNA-mediated but not linear RNA-mediated function for its encoded gene locus.

关键词： antisense oligonucleotide premature transcription termination circular RNA linear RNA

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