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Sequencing of Cultivated peanut, Arachis hypogaea, Yields Insights into Genome Evolution and Oil improvement

Molecular Plant 2019年第7期12卷 920-934页

作者： Xiaoping Chen Qing Lu Hao Liu Jianan Zhang Yanbin Hong Haofa Lan Haifen Li Jinpeng Wang Haiyan Liu Shaoxiong Li Manish K.Pandey Zhikang Zhang Guiyuan Zhou Jigao Yu Guoqiang Zhang Jiaqing Yuan Xingyu Li Shijie Wen Fanbo Meng Shanlin Yu Xiyin Wang Kadambot H.M.Siddique Zhong-Jian Liu Andrew H.Paterson Rajeev K.Varshney Xuanqiang Liang south china peanut sub-center of national center of oilseed crops improvement Guangdong Key Laboratory for Crops Genetic Improvement Crops Research Institute Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences (GAAS) Guangzhou China Fujian Colleges and Universities Engineering Research Institute of Conservation and Utilization of Natural Bioresources College of Forestry Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University Fuzhou 350002 China Plant Genome Mapping Laboratory University of Georgia Athens USA national Foxtail Millet improvement center Minor Cereal Crops Laboratory of Hebei Province Institute of Millet Crops Hebei Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences Shijiazhuang China MolBreeding Biotechnology Co. Ltd. Shijiazhuang China School of Life Sciences and center for Genomics and Computational Biology North China University of Science and Technology Tangshan China center of Excellence in Genomics & Systems Biology International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics (ICRISAT) Hyderabad India Shenzhen Key Laboratory for Orchid Conservation and Utilization National Orchid Conservation Center of China and Orchid Conservation and Research Center of Shenzhen Shenzhen China Shandong peanut Research Institute Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences Qingdao China UWA Institute of Agriculture The University of Western Australia Crawley Australia Key Laboratory of national Forestry and Grassland Administration for Orchid Conservation and Utilization at College of Landscape Architecture Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University Fuzhou 350002 China

Cultivated peanut (Arachis hypogaea) is an allotetraploid crop planted in Asia, Africa, and America for edible oil and protein. To explore the origins and consequences of tetraploidy, we sequenced the allotetraploid A. hypogaea genome and compared it with the related diploid Arachis duranensis and Arachis ipaensis genomes. We annotated 39 888 A-subgenome genes and 41 526 B-subgenome genes in allotetraploid peanut. The A. hypogaea subgenomes have evolved asymmetrically, with the B subgenome resembling the ancestral state and the A subgenome undergoing more gene disruption, loss, conversion, and transposable element proliferation, and having reduced gene expression during seed development despite lacking genome-wide expression dominance. Genomic and transcriptomic analyses identified more than 2 500 oil metabolism-related genes and revealed that most of them show altered expression early in seed development while their expression ceases during desiccation, presenting a comprehensive map of peanut lipid biosynthesis. The availability of these genomic resources will facilitate a better understanding of the complex genome architecture, agronomically and economically important genes, and genetic improvement of peanut.

关键词： cultivated peanut denovo sequencing comparative genomics genome evolution oil metabolism

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Stable major QTL on chromosomes A07 and A08 increase shelling percentage in peanut(Arachis hypogaea L.)

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The Crop Journal 2022年第3期10卷 820-829页

作者： Weitao Li Nian Liu Li Huang Yuning Chen Jianbin Guo Bolun Yu Huaiyong Luo Xiaojing Zhou Dongxin Huai Weigang Chen Liying Yan Xin Wang Yong Lei Boshou Liao Huifang Jiang Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic improvement of Oil crops Ministry of Agriculture and Rural AffairsOil Crops Research Institute of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesWuhan 430062HubeiChina

peanut is a major oilseed and food *** percentage(SP),closely associated with seed yield,is a trait whose improvement is a major goal of peanut *** this study,a mapping population(Xuhua 13×Zhonghua 6)was used to map quantitative trait loci(QTL)controlling SP in four *** stable major QTL for SP were mapped on both SSR-and SNP-based genetic maps.q SPA07.1 on chromosome A07 explained up to 31.7%of phenotypic variation,and q SPA08.2 on chromosome A08 explained up to 10.8%.Favorable alleles of q SPA07.1 and q SPA08.2 were derived from the female and male parents,*** recombinant inbred lines(RILs)carrying both favorable alleles showed superiority in SP over the two parents in all environmental trials.A combination of the two favorable alleles using the linked markers was verified to increase SP by~5%in the RIL population and by~3%SP in diverse peanut cultivars.q SPA07.1 and q SPA08.2 were delimited to respectively a 0.73-Mb interval harboring 96 genes and a 3.93-Mb interval harboring 238 *** five and eight genes with high expression in pods,including enzymes and transcription factors,were assigned as candidate genes for q SPA07.1 and q *** consistent major QTL provide an opportunity for fine mapping of genes controlling SP,and the linked markers may be useful for genetic improvement of SP in peanut.

关键词： peanut Shelling percentage QTL mapping Genomic region Candidate genes InDel marker

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Biotechnology ofα-linolenic acid in oilseed rape(Brassica napus)using FAD2 and FAD3 from chia(Salvia hispanica)

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2023年第12期22卷 3810-3815页

作者： XUE Yu-fei Inkabanga Tseke ALAIN YIN Neng-wen JIANG Jia-yi ZHAO Yan-ping LU Kun LI Jia-na DING Yan-song ZHANG Shi-qing CHAI You-rong Integrative Science center of Germplasm Creation in Western china(Chongqing)Science City and southwest University/Chongqing Key Laboratory of Crop Quality improvement/College of Agronomy and Biotechnology Southwest UniversityChongqing 400715P.R.China Engineering Research center of south Upland Agriculture Ministry of Education/Academy of Agricultural SciencesSouthwest UniversityChongqing 400715P.R.China Faculty of Agricultural Sciences National Pedagogic University(UPN)Kinshasa 8815D.R.Congo

α-Linolenic acid(ALA,18:3Δ9,12,15)is an essential fatty acid for humans since it is the precursor for the biosynthesis of omega-3 long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids(LC-PUFA).Modern people generally suffer from deficiency of ALA because most staple food oils are low or lack ALA *** enrichment of ALA in staple oil crops is a promising ***(Salvia hispanica)has the highest ALA content in its seed oil among known oil *** this study,the FAD2 and FAD3 genes from chia were engineered into a staple oil crop,oilseed rape(Brassica napus),via Agrobaterium tumefaciens-mediated transformation of their LP4-2A fusion gene construct driven by the seed-specific promoter P_(NapA).In seeds of T0,T1,and T2 lines,the average ALA contents were 20.86,23.54,and 24.92%,respectively,which were 2.21,2.68,and 3.03 folds of the non-transformed controls(9.42,8.78,and 8.22%),*** highest seed ALA levels of T0,T1,and T2 plants were 38.41,35.98,and 39.19%respectively,which were 4.10-4.77 folds of the respective ***-pathway enzyme genes(BnACCD,BnFATA,BnSAD,BnSCD,BnDGAT1,BnDGAT2,and BnDGAT3)and positive regulatory genes(BnWRI1,BnLEC1,BnL1L,BnLEC2,BnABI3,BnbZIP67,and BnMYB96)were all significantly *** contrast,BnTT1,BnTT2,BnTT8,BnTT16,BnTTG1,and BnTTG2,encoding negative oil accumulation regulators but positive secondary metabolism regulators,were all significantly *** means the foreign ShFAD2-ShFAD3 fusion gene,directly and indirectly,remodeled both positive and negative loci of the whole FA-related network in transgenic *** seeds.

关键词： biotechnology α-linolenic acid oilseed rape(Brassica napus) FAD2 FAD3 chia(Salvia hispanica)

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Geographical distribution of Aspergillus flavus in peanut harvest period in china

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Oil Crop Science 2023年第2期8卷 127-132页

作者： Xiaohan Liu Jiayun Fu Mingbo Wen Haohua Gu Pingping Ji Xiaofeng Yue Xiaoqian Tang Meijuan Liang Yang Zhou Qi Zhang Peiwu Li Oil crops Research Institute of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Science WuhanChina Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic improvement of Oil crops Ministry of Agriculture and Rural AffairsWuhanChina Key Laboratory of Detection for Mycotoxins Ministry of Agriculture and Rural AffairsWuhanChina Laboratory of Risk Assessment for oilseeds Products(Wuhan) Ministry of Agriculture and Rural AffairsWuhanChina Quality Inspection and Test center for oilseeds Products Ministry of Agriculture and Rural AffairsWuhanChina

In order to grasp the distribution of Aspergillus flavus in the soil of peanut production areas in china,*** biomarkers were tested on 555 soil samples from 37 sampling points in 17 provinces,peanut fields in four agroecological zones(southern area,Yangtze River Basin,Northern area,Northeast area).The results showed that(1)the cultivation amount of *** per gram of soil in the Yangtze River Basin is 1.30 times that of the southern area,1.56 times that of the northern area,and 6.20 times that of the northeast area,with obvious regional characteristics.(2)In the Yangtze River basin,the change of longitude in the east-west direction has no direct impact on the cultivation amount of *** per gram of soil.(3)In the east coast,the *** cultivated per gram of soil increased first and then decreased with the increase of latitude from south to north.(4)*** can be isolated in the soil samples above 1000 *** pollution is an important source of aflatoxin contamination in *** study on the distribution of *** in soil in china could provide theoretical support for the early warning and prevention and control measures of aflatoxin contamination in peanut.

关键词： Agroecological zones peanut Aspergillus flavus Distribution Aflatoxin contamination

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GEE-Based monitoring method of key management nodes in cotton production

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International Journal of Digital Earth 2023年第1期16卷 1907-1922页

作者： Weiguang Yang Weicheng Xu Kangtin Yan Zongyin Cui Pengchao Chen Lei Zhang Yubin Lan College of Electronic Engineering(College of Artificial Intelligence) South China Agricultural UniversityGuangzhouPeople’s Republic of China Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture GuangzhouPeople’s Republic of China College of Agriculture South China Agricultural UniversityGuangzhouPeople’s Republic of China national center for International Collaboration Research on Precision Agricultural Aviation Pesticide Spraying Technology GuangdongPeople’s Republic of China

The high-temporal-resolution monitoring of key management nodes in cotton management via agricultural remote sensing is vital forfield cotton macro-statistics,particularly for predicting cotton production and obtaining comprehensive *** study examines Shihezi,Xinjiang as a case study,utilizing Sentinel-1 and Sentinel-2 data from 2019 to *** machine learning models(RF,SVM,and CART)were employed to extract annual crop classification area rasters,monitor weekly cultivation progress,and monitor abandoned cropland during the cultivation *** results demonstrate that the random forest model has produced satisfactory results in gridded extraction for cotton classification areas,achieving the producer’s accuracy of the cotton category reached 98.5%,and the kappa coefficient is *** cultivated in 2021 began is a week later than in 2020,yet exhibited a faster cultivate *** proportion of abandoned cottonfields in the study area rose in 2020 compared to *** methodology presented in this study has a certain reference value for exploring the monitoring of continuous changes in crops over the years and macro-monitoring of important activities in the entire growth cycle.

关键词： Google Earth Engine cotton production crop monitoring classification abandoned cropland detection

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Comparison of anthocyanin and fatty acid in black and ordinary peanuts

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Oil Crop Science 2018年第4期3卷 228-235页

作者： Qian Xu Xiaorong Huang Xiao Wang Ruinan Yang Liangxiao Zhang Jin Mao Xuefang Wang Xiupin Wang Qi Zhang Wen Zhang Peiwu Li Oil crops Research Institute Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic improvement of Oil crops Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs Quality Inspection and Test center for oilseed Products Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs Laboratory of Quality and Safety Risk Assessment for oilseed Products Wuhan Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs Hubei Collaborative Innovation center for Green Transformation of Bio-Resources Key Laboratory of Detection for Mycotoxins Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs

In this study, anthocyanin and fatty acid compositions between black and ordinary peanuts were compared. Results showed that black peanuts contained 93.90±18.36 μg/g of cyanidin, which was significantly higher than that of ordinary peanuts. In addition, although both of black and ordinary peanuts shared some specific fatty acids, 4 fatty acids in black peanuts were significantly different from those in ordinary peanuts, which could be used as markers to distinguish black peanut from ordinary ones. This study might serve as a reference for authenticity identification and further nutritional researches on black peanut.

关键词： black peanut anthocyanin fatty acid authentication

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