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Analysis of microscopic properties of radiative shock experiments performed at the Orion laser facility

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High Power Laser Science and Engineering 2018年第2期6卷 189-201页

作者： R.Rodriguez G.Espinosa J.M.Gil E Suzuki-Vidal T.Clayson C.Stehle E Graham IUNAT Departamento de FisicaUniversidad de Las Palmas de Gran Canaria35017 Las Palmas de Gran CanariaSpain Instituto de Fusion Nuclear Universidad Politecnica de Madrid28040 MadridSpain Blackett Laboratory Imperial CollegeLondon SW7 2AZUK LERMA Sorbonne UniversitesUPMCObservatoire de ParisPSL Research UniversityCNRSF-75006 ParisFrance AWE AldermastonReading RG7 4PRUK

In this work we have conducted a study on the radiative and spectroscopic properties of the radiative precursor and the post-shock region from experiments with radiative shocks in xenon performed at the Orion laser facility. The study is based on post-processing of radiation-hydrodynamics simulations of the experiment. In particular, we have analyzed the thermodynamic regime of the plasma, the charge state distributions, the monochromatic opacities and emissivities, and the specific intensities for plasma conditions of both regions. The study of the intensities is a useful tool to estimate ranges of electron temperatures present in the xenon plasma in these experiments and the analysis performed of the microscopic properties commented above helps to better understand the intensity spectra. Finally, a theoretical analysis of the possibility of the onset of isobaric thermal instabilities in the post-shock has been made, concluding that the instabilities obtained in the radiative-hydrodynamic simulations could be thermal ones due to strong radiative cooling.

关键词： high-power lasers laboratory experiments on radiative shocks plasma radiative properties spectroscopy

应用速度编码MRI研究特定年龄段左心室舒张功能的变化

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国际医学放射学杂志 2015年第3期 301-302页

作者： S 1146, Laboratoire d'Imagerie Biomedicale,75013, Paris,France S 1146, Laboratoire d'Imagerie Biomedicale,75013, Paris,France S 1146, Laboratoire d'Imagerie Biomedicale, 75013, Paris,France S 1146, Laboratoire d'Imagerie Biomedicale, 75013, Paris,France S 1146, Laboratoire d'Imagerie Biomedicale, 75013, Paris,France S 1146, Laboratoire d'Imagerie Biomedicale, 75013, Paris,France 战锟 sorbonne universites UPMC Univ Paris 06 UMR 7371UMR

目的评估相位对比MRI(PC-MRI)对亚临床、年龄相关的左心室(LV)舒张参数变化的检出能力,为超声心动图提供最新的年龄相关的参考范围(并非为MRI-PC本身),

关键词： MRI PC 舒张功能峰值速度年龄相关

Reevaluating health metrics:Unraveling the limitations of disabilityadjusted life years as an indicator in disease burden assessment

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World Journal of Methodology 2025年第1期15卷 14-19页

作者： Ariel Beresniak Dominique Bremond-Gignac Danielle Dupont Gerard Duru Data Mining International Geneva 1216Switzerland Department of Ophtalmology Necker-Enfants Malades University HospitalAP-HPParis-CitéUniversityINSERMUMRS1138Team 17From Physiopathology of Ocular Diseases to Clinical DevelopmentSorbonne Paris CitéUniversityCentre de Recherche des CordeliersParis 75015France Data Mining America Montreal H2YCanada

In 1993,the World Bank released a global report on the efficacy of health promotion,introducing the disability-adjusted life years(DALY)as a novel *** DALY,a composite metric incorporating temporal and qualitative data,is grounded in preferences regarding disability *** review delineates the algorithm used to calculate the value of the proposed DALY synthetic indicator and elucidates key methodological challenges associated with its *** contrast to the quality-adjusted life years approach,derived from multi-attribute utility theory,the DALY stands as an independent synthetic indicator that adopts the assumptions of the Time Trade Off utility technique to define Disability *** to rely on no mathematical or economic theory,DALY users appear to have exempted themselves from verifying whether this indicator meets the classical properties required of all indicators,notably content validity,reliability,specificity,and *** DALY concept emerged primarily to facilitate comparisons of the health impacts of various diseases globally within the framework of the Global Burden of Disease initiative,leading to numerous publications in international *** widespread adoption,the DALY synthetic indicator has prompted significant methodological concerns since its inception,manifesting in inconsistent and non-reproducible *** the substantial diffusion of the DALY indicator and its critical role in health impact assessments,a reassessment is *** reconsideration is imperative for enhancing the robustness and reliability of public health decisionmaking processes.

关键词： Disability adjusted life years Cost-utility analyses Outcome research Public health Burden of disease

Design and Implementation of a Rehabilitation Upper-limb Exoskeleton Robot Controlled by Cognitive and Physical Interfaces

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Journal of Bionic Engineering 2022年第5期19卷 1374-1391页

作者： Arturo Gonzalez‑Mendoza Ivett Quinones‑Uriostegui Sergio Salazar‑Cruz Alberto‑Isaac Perez‑Sanpablo Ricardo Lopez‑Gutierrez Rogelio Lozano LAFMIA UMI Center for Research and AdvancedStudies of National Polytechnic InstituteAv.Instituto Politecnico Nacional No.250807360 Mexico CityMexico Motion Analysis Lab National Institute of Rehabilitation Luis Guillermo Ibarra IbarraCalz.Mexico Xochimilco No.28914389 Mexico CityMexico CONACYT-CINVESTAV Av.Instituto Politecnico Nacional 250807360 Mexico CityMexico UTC-CNRS UMR Sorbonne UniversitesUTC-CNRS UMR7253 HeudiasycCompiegneFrance

This paper presents an upper limb exoskeleton that allows cognitive(through electromyography signals)and physical user interaction(through load cells sensors)for passive and active exercises that can activate neuroplasticity in the rehabilitation process of people who suffer from a neurological *** the exoskeleton to be easily accepted by patients who suffer from a neurological injury,we used the ISO9241-210:2010 as a methodology design *** the first steps of the design process,design requirements were collected from previous usability tests and ***,as a second step,a technological solution is proposed,and as a third step,the system was evaluated through performance and user *** part of the technological solution and to allow patient participation during the rehabilitation process,we have proposed a hybrid admittance control whose input is load cell or electromyography *** hybrid admittance control is intended for active therapy exercises,is easily implemented,and does not need musculoskeletal modeling to ***,electromyography signals classification models and features were evaluated to identify the best settings for the cognitive human–robot interaction.

关键词： Human Robot interaction Hybrid admittance control Surface electromyography Upper-limb exoskeletal robot

Institut du Cerveau et de la Moelle epiniere - ICM Brain ＆ Spine Institute, Paris

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Journal of Translational Neuroscience 2016年第2期1卷 63-66页

作者： Bernard Zalc sorbonne universites UPMC Univ Paris 06CNRSINSERMGHPitie-SalpetriereInstitut du cerveau et de la moelle epiniere(ICM)F-75013ParisFrance

The Institut du Cerveau et de la Moelle epiniere - ICM （Brain ＆ Spine Institute） - is an international brain and spinal cord research center whose innovative concept and structure make ita unique institute of its kind. The ICM brings patients, medics and researchers together with the aim of rapidly develop treatments for disorders of the nervous system and enable patients to benefit from them as quickly as possible. Scientists from different backgrounds and countries come together at the Institute to perform leading-edge research in this area.

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Sliding walls: a new paradigm for fluidic actuation and protocol implementation in microfluidics

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Microsystems & Nanoengineering 2020年第1期6卷 1093-1102页

作者： Bastien Venzac Yang Liu Ivan Ferrante Pablo Vargas Ayako Yamada Remi Courson Marine Verhulsel Laurent Malaquin Jean-Louis Viovy Stephanie Descroix Laboratoire Physico Chimie Curie Institut CuriePSL Research UniversityCNRS UMR16875005 ParisFrance sorbonne universites UPMC Univ Paris 0675005 ParisFrance Institut Pierre-Gilles de Gennes PSL Research University75005 ParisFrance Institut Curie PSL Research UniversityCNRS UMR 14475005 ParisFrance LAAS-CNRS Universitéde ToulouseCNRS31400 ToulouseFrance

Currently,fluidic control in microdevices is mainly achieved either by external pumps and valves,which are expensive and bulky,or by valves integrated in the *** types of internal valves or actuation methods have been proposed,but they generally impose difficult compromises between performance and fabrication *** propose here a new paradigm for actuation in microfluidic devices based on rigid or semi-rigid walls with transversal dimensions of hundreds of micrometres that are able to slide within a microfluidic chip and to intersect microchannels with hand-driven or translation stage-based *** this new concept for reconfigurable microfluidics,the implementation of a wide range of functionalities was facilitated and allowed for no or limited dead volume,low cost and low *** demonstrate here several fluidic operations,including on/off or switch valving,where channels are blocked or reconfigured depending on the sliding wall *** valves sustain pressures up to *** and reversible compartmentalisation of large microfluidic chambers were also *** last possibility was applied to a“4D”migration assay of dendritic cells in a collagen ***,sliding walls containing a hydrogel-based membrane were developed and used to concentrate,purify and transport biomolecules from one channel to another,such functionality involving complex fluidic transport patterns not possible in earlier microfluidic ***,this toolbox is compatible with“soft lithography”technology,allowing easy implementation within usual fabrication workflows for polydimethylsiloxane *** new technology opens the route to a variety of microfluidic applications,with a focus on simple,hand-driven devices for point-of-care or biological laboratories with low or limited equipment and resources.

关键词： walls hundreds operations

Transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt as bridge-to-surgery in refractory gastric antral vascular ectasia

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2015年第18期21卷 5749-5750页

作者： Aymeric Becq Violaine Ozenne Aurélie Plessier Patrice Valleur Xavier Dray Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Sorbonne Paris Cité Paris 7 University & APHP Lariboisière Hospital Department of Hepatology Sorbonne Paris Cité Paris 7 University & APHP Beaujon Hospital Department of Surgery Sorbonne Paris Cité Paris 7 University & APHP Lariboisière Hospital

Gastric antral vascular ectasia(GAVE) may cause gastrointestinal bleeding(GIB). The treatment of GAVE relies on endoscopic approaches such as electrocoagulation(argon plasma coagulation, laser therapy, heater probe therapy, radiofrequency ablation), cryotherapy, and band ligation. In refractory cases, antrectomy may be considered. In the event of an associated cirrhosis and portal hypertension, it has been suggested that antrectomy could be an option, provided the mortality risk isn't considered too great. We report the case of a 67-year-old cirrhotic patient who presented with GAVE related GIB, unresponsive to multiple endoscopic treatments. The patient had a good liver function(model for end-stage disease 10). After a multidisciplinary meeting, a transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt(TIPS) procedure was performed, in order to treat the cirrhosis associated ascites. The outcome was successful. An antrectomy was then performed, with no recurrence of GIB and no transfusion need during three months of follow up. In this case, the TIPS procedure achieved a complete ascites regression, allowing a safer surgical treatment of the GAVE-related GIB.

关键词： Gastric antral vascular ectasia Gastro-intestinal bleeding Cirrhosis Ascites Transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt Antrectomy

Performance of a Markovian neural network versus dynamic programming on a fishing control problem

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Probability, Uncertainty and Quantitative Risk 2023年第1期8卷 121-140页

作者： Mathieu Laurière Gilles Pagès Olivier Pironneau NYU Shanghai Shanghai200122China LPMA Sorbonne Université75006ParisFrance LJLL Sorbonne Université75006ParisFrance

Fishing quotas are unpleasant but efficient to control the productivity of a fishing site.A popular model has a stochastic differential equation for the biomass on which a stochastic dynamic programming or a Hamilton-Jacobi-Bellman algorithm can be used to find the stochastic control–the fishing *** compare the solutions obtained by dynamic programming against those obtained with a neural network which preserves the Markov property of the *** method is extended to a multi species model and shows that the Neural Network is usable in high dimensions.

关键词： Stochastic optimal control Partial differential equations Neural networks Population dynamics

Marine invasions enter the genomic era： three lessons from the past, and the way forward

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Current Zoology 2016年第6期62卷 629-642页

作者： Frederique VIARD Patrice DAVID John A. DARLING sorbonne universites UPMC Univ Paris 06 CNRS UMR 7144 Lab. Adaptation Et Diversite En Milieu Marin Team Div&Co Station Biologique De Roscoff Roscoff 29682 France CEFE UMR 5175 CNRS-Universite De Montpellier- UM III-EPFIE 1919 Route De Mende Montpellier Cedex 34293 France National Exposure Research Laboratory United States Environmental Protection Agency Research Triangle Park NC 27711 USA

The expanding scale and increasing rate of marine biological invasions have been documented since the early 20th century. Besides their global ecological and economic impacts, non-indigenous species （NIS） also have attracted much attention as opportunities to explore important eco-evolutionary processes such as rapid adaptation, long-distance dispersal and range expansion, and secondary contacts between divergent evolutionary lineages. In this context, genetic tools have been extensively used in the past 20 years. Three important issues appear to have emerged from such studies. First, the study of NIS has revealed unexpected cryptic diversity in what had previously been assumed homogeneous entities. Second, there has been surprisingly little evidence of strong founder events accompanying marine introductions, a pattern possibly driven by large propagule loads. Third, the evolutionary processes leading to successful invasion have been difficult to ascertain due to faint genetic signals. Here we explore the potential of novel tools associated with high-throughput sequencing （HTS） to address these still pressing issues. Dramatic increase in the number of loci accessible via HTS has the potential to radically increase the power of analyses aimed at species delineation, exploring the population genomic consequences of range expansions, and examining evolutionary processes such as admixture, introgression, and adaptation. Nevertheless, the value of this new wealth of genomic data will ultimately depend on the ability to couple it with expanded ＂traditional＂ efforts, including exhaustive sampling of marine populations over large geographic scales, integrated taxonomic analyses, and population level exploration of quantitative trait differentiation through common-garden and other laboratory experiments.

关键词： biological invasions cryptic species cryptogenic species eco-evolutionary processes genornics metabarcoding